Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chương 7
Quy trình, Tổ chức
và các Hệ thống thông tin
7-1
“We could also sell virtual spinning
classes”
7-2
Who Will Pay?
• Health clubs.
• Employers.
• Selling ad space to health clubs and
manufacturers.
• Social media–driven.
• Can ARES support 30 people in a virtual group
ride at the same time?
7-3
Study Questions
Q7-1 What are the basic types of processes?
Q7-2 How can information systems improve process quality?
Q7-3 How do information systems eliminate the problems of
information silos?
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise
processes?
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
Q7-6 What are the challenges of implementing and
upgrading enterprise information systems?
Q7-7 How do inter-enterprise IS solve the problems of
enterprise silos?
Q7-8 2027?
7-4
Business Process with Three Activities
Q7-1 What are the basic types of processes?
Structured Dynamic
Support operational and structured managerial Support strategic and less structured
decisions and activities managerial decision and activities
Exceptions rare and not (well) tolerated Exceptions frequent and expected
Process structure changes slowly and with Adaptive processes that change
organizational agony structure rapidly and readily
Example: Collaboration; social
Example: Customer returns, order entry,
networking; ill-defined, ambiguous
purchasing, payroll, etc.
situations
• Figure 7-2 Structured Versus Dynamic Processes
How Do Processes Vary by Organizational
Scope?
Q7-1 What are the basic types of processes?
• Process efficiency
–Ratio of outputs to inputs.
• Process effectiveness
–How well a process achieves organizational
strategy.
• How can processes be improved?
–Change process structure.
–Change process resources.
–Change both.
7-10
Improving Process Quality (cont’d)
Q7-2 How can information systems improve process quality?
• Performing an activity.
–Partially automated, completely automated.
• Augmenting human performing activity.
–Ex: Common reservation system.
• Controlling data quality.
–Ensure data complete and correct before continuing
process activities.
7-11
Eliminating Information Silos
Q7-3 How do information systems eliminate the problems of information silos?
7-12
Problems Created by Information Silos
Q7-3 How do information systems eliminate the problems of information silos?
7-14
Solving the Problems of Information Silos
(cont’d)
Q7-3 How do information systems eliminate the problems of information silos?
Doctor's
Physicians and hospitals store separated
office/
Workgroup data about patients. Unnecessarily Functional applications.
medical
duplicate tests and procedures.
practice
7-17
Emergence of Enterprise Application
Solutions
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
• Inherent processes
–Predesigned processes for using application.
–“Industry best practices.”
• Customer relationship management (CRM).
• Enterprise resource planning (ERP).
• Enterprise application integration (EAI).
7-18
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
7-19
Customer Life Cycle
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
• ERP is a suite of
applications
• The primary
purpose of an ERP
system is
integration
• Integration allows
real-time updates
7-22
Who Fixes a Workflow Problem?
So What?
7-23
Pre-ERP Information System: Bicycle
Manufacturer
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
7-27
ERP Enabled Sales Dashboard
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
7-29
Design and Implementation for the Five
Components
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
• Hardware
• ERP Application programs
• ERP Databases
• Business process procedures
• Training and consulting
7-31
ERP Applications
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
7-32
ERP Solution Components
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
7-33
ERP Solution Components (cont’d)
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
7-34
Example of SAP Ordering Business Process
Blueprint
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
Led ERP success with client- Technology older, but SAP is adapting to mobility and cloud trends. Expensive
server hardware. Largest vendor, and seriously challenged by less expensive alternatives. Huge customer base.
SAP 1
most comprehensive solution. Future depends on effectively migrating traditional customers to the cloud.
Largest customers. Expensive. Claims number 1 in CRM.
Four products acquired: AX, Nav, Products not well integrated with Office. Not integrated at all with Microsoft
Microsoft GP, and SL. AX and Nav more development languages. Solutions not integrated and product direction
4
Dynamics comprehensive. SL on the way uncertain. Microsoft Azure hosts Oracle and SAP products. Conflict with Azure
out? Large VAR channel. hosting of Microsoft ERP products.
Offers ERP, CRM, and financial- Sage adapted many of its legacy applications and solutions for the cloud and
Sage 5 oriented functional system for mobile computing. Offers inexpensive, cloud-based solutions for startups
solutions. and small businesses. Broad product suite.
7-41
It’s Not Me, It’s You
Security Guide
7-42
It’s Not Me, It’s You (cont’d)
Security Guide
7-44
Active Review
Q7-1 What are the basic types of processes?
Q7-2 How can information systems improve process quality?
Q7-3 How do information systems eliminate the problems of
information silos?
Q7-4 How do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise
processes?
Q7-5 What are the elements of an ERP system?
Q7-6 What are the challenges of implementing and
upgrading enterprise information systems?
Q7-7 How do inter-enterprise IS solve the problems of
enterprise silos?
Q7-8 2027?
7-45
A Tale of Two Inter-organizational IS
Case Study 7
• Access CT
–Enrolled 208,301 and model for state-run
exchanges.
• Cover Oregon
–Spent $250 million for system clearly inoperable.
–Exchange’s board of directors decided to stop
development and utilize the federal exchange.
7-46
Healthcare Exchange Interorganizational IS
Case Study 7
7-48
Access CT (cont’d)
Case Study 7
7-49
Cover Oregon
Case Study 7
7-50
Cover Oregon (cont’d)
Case Study 7
7-51
Cover Oregon (cont’d)
Case Study 7