activity:4 Article Review

step1: Title of the Article

Behind The Screens:A Deep Dive Into Networked Disinformation Production in the
Philippines

step2: Cite The article

Ong,Jonathan Corpus,and Cabañez, Jason Vincent A. (2018) Architects of Networed
Disinformation: Behind The Scenes of Troll Accounts and Face News Production in the
Philippines. https://doi.org/10.7275/2cq4-5396

step3: Article Identification

title of the Article- Architects of Networed Disinformation: Behind The Scenes of Troll
Accounts and Face News Production in the Philippines.

Author- Ong,Jonathan Corpus,

Cabañez, Jason Vincent A.

Title of the journal- Architects of Networked Disinformation: Behind The Scenes of Troll
Accounts and Face News Production in the Philippines.

Year Publication- 2018

step4: Introduction
In today's digital age, fake news is a big issue, especially in the Philippines.The article
"Architects of Networked Disinformation: Behind The Scenes of Troll Accounts and
Fake News Production in The Philippines" talks about how fake news spreads in the
Philippines. It shows how people make up stories and use fake accounts to spread false
information online. This is especially bad during important times like elections.
Understanding how this works helps us fight fake news and make sure we're getting the
truth online. We need to keep improving our ability to spot fake news and make sure the
information we see is real.

step5: summarize the article

The article "Architects of Networked Disinformation: Behind the Scenes of Troll
Accounts and Fake News Production in the Philippines" dives into how fake news
spreads in the Philippines. It looks closely at how some people create fake accounts
and make up stories to fool others online. These folks, known as "architects of
networked disinformation," organize campaigns to spread false information and sway
what people think.

The study explores how these campaigns work within the Philippines' unique online and
political world. It shows how these fake news makers use different tricks to spread lies
and make people doubt what's true online.

By digging into how fake news is made and spread, the research helps us understand
the challenges of fighting misinformation online. It shows us why it's important to know
how these tricks work so we can stop them from fooling us.

In the end, the article shows how important it is to spot fake news and not let it affect
what we believe or how we act online. It wants to help us be smarter about what we see
on the internet and not let lies mess with our thinking or decisions.

step6: Critique

Strength
Unique Perspective: Exposes the hidden "architects" behind disinformation, not just
the visible trolls, offering a valuable insider's look.
Methodological Depth: Combines in-depth interviews, observation, and insider access
for a nuanced understanding.
Impactful Insights: Sheds light on a critical, under-studied phenomenon, informing
policymakers, researchers, and the public.
Alternative Explanations: Exploring alternative motivations for "architects" could
strengthen the analysis.

WEAKNESS
Generalizability: The study focuses solely on the Philippines, limiting its applicability to
other contexts with different political landscapes and cultural norms. This raises
questions about whether the findings translate universally.

Potential biases: The selection of participants and data analysis methods might
introduce unintentional biases, influencing the interpretation of the information and
potentially skewing the conclusions.

Unproven solutions: The proposed solutions to combat disinformation lack rigorous

evaluation and testing, leaving their effectiveness uncertain. More research is needed to
validate their practicality and impact.

While the study offers valuable insights, acknowledging its limitations is crucial for a
well-rounded understanding. Its focus on the "architects" and methodological depth are
strengths, but generalizability, potential biases, and ethical considerations need to be
addressed. Further exploring alternative explanations and refining the proposed
solutions would enhance

the author contribute to the field,

Labor structure: They expose the labor arrangements underlying disinformation,
highlighting the complicity of various sectors, including creative industries and
underpaid digital workers.
Persuasive techniques: They delve into the strategies used to manipulate populist
sentiment, linking them to corporate marketing tactics adapted for political ends.

Global context: They offer a comparative perspective, analyzing the phenomenon

within the context of the Philippines' unique social and political landscape, raising
questions about its applicability elsewhere.

Policy recommendations: They propose preliminary interventions tailored to different

levels of the disinformation hierarchy, advocating for multi-pronged approaches beyond
solely targeting content.

gaps or contradictions
Limited scope: The study's focus on the Philippines raises questions about its
generalizability to other contexts with different political and social dynamics.

Sample bias: The authors acknowledge potential limitations in their sample size and
potential biases among interviewed participants, which could affect the broader
applicability of their findings.

Ethical considerations: Gaining access to insider information might raise ethical

concerns regarding anonymity and potential harm to informants. The article could
benefit from a clearer discussion of these considerations.

Alternative explanations: The report's conclusions about the motivations and

justifications of "disinformation architects" could be strengthened by exploring
alternative explanations beyond those presented.

step7: craft a conclusion

A study on disinformation campaigns in the Philippines, on article titled "Architects of

Networked Disinformation," offers valuable insights but also raises limitations. While its
focus on the Philippines limits generalizability, it exposes hidden layers of complexity in
disinformation campaigns. The study's strengths lie in its methodology and its
contribution to understanding the "architects" behind these campaigns. However,
limitations include potential biases, ethical concerns, and the need for further evaluation
of proposed solutions. Despite these, the study is a significant starting point for deeper
understanding and tackling disinformation.