OSCILLATIONS

PERIODIC AND OSCILLATORY MOTIONS

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION AND
UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION
VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION IN
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
FORCE LAW FOR SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
ENERGY IN SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
1. A mass of 2.0 kg is put on a flat pan attached to a vertical spring fixed on
the ground as shown in the fig. The mass of the spring and the pan is
negligible. When pressed slightly and released the mass executes a
simple harmonic motion. The spring constant is 200 N/m. What should
be the minimum amplitude of the motion so that the mass gets detached
from the pan (Take g = 10 m/s 2 ). [2007]
m
(1) 1.0 cm
(2) 8.0 cm
(3) 10.0 cm
(4) Any value less than 12.0 cm.
2. A particle executes simple harmonic oscillation with an amplitide a. The
period of oscillation is T. The minimum time taken by the particle to travel
half of the amplitude from the equilibrium poition is :
[2007]
(1) T/2
(2) T/4
(3) T/8
(4) T/12
3. The particle excuting simple harmonic motion has a kinetic energy
K 0 cos 2 t. The maximum values of the potential energy and the total
energy are respectively:
[2007]
(1) K 0 and K 0
(2) 0 and 2 K 0

K0
(3) and K 0
2

(4) K 0 and 2 K 0
4. Two simple harminic motions of angular frequecny 100 and 1000 rad s –1
have the same displacement amplitude. The ration of their maximum
acceleration is :
[2008]
(1) 1 : 10 2
(2) 1 : 10 3
(3) 1 : 10 4
(4) 1 : 10
5. A point performs simple harmonic oecillation of period T and the equation
of motion is given by x = A sin (t + /6). After the elapse of what fraction
of the time period the velocity of the point will be equal to half of its
maximum velocity :
[2008]
(1) T/6
(2) T/3
(3) T/12
(4) T/8
6. Which one of the following equations of motion represents simple
harmonic motion :
[2009]
(1) acceleration = – k 0 x + k 1 x 2
(2) acceleration = – k (x+a)
(3) acceleration = k (x+a)
(4) acceleration = kx
where k, k 0 , k 1 and a all are positive.
7. A simple pendulum performs simple hormonic motion about x = 0 with an
amplitude a and time period T. The speed of the pendulum at x = a /2 will
be :
[2009]

a 3 a
(1) (2)
2T T

3 a
2

a 3
(3) (4)
T T
8. The displacement of a particle along the x axis is given by x = A sin 2 t.
The motion of the particle corresponds to : [2010]


(1) simple harmonic motion of frequency
2


(2) simple harmonic motion of frequency


3
(3) simple harmonic motion of frequency
2

(4) non simple harmonic motion.

9. The period of oscillation of mass M suspanded from a spring of negligible
mass is T. If along with it an other mass M is also suspended, the period
of oscillation will now be
[2010]

(1) 2T

(2) T

(3) T/ 2

(4) 2T
10. A particle of mass m is released from rest and follows a paraolic path as
shown. Assuming that the displacement of the mass from the origin is small,
which graph correctly depicts the position of the particle as a function of
time : [2011]

x(t) x(t)

(1) (2) 0 t
0 t V(x)
m

x(t) x(t) (x)

0
(3) 0 t (4) 0 t
11. Out of the following functions representing motion of a particle which
represents SHM:
(A) y = sin t – cos t (B) y = sin 3 t

 3π 
(C) y = 5cos   3t  (D) y = 1 + t + 2t 2
 4 

[2011]
(1) Only (A) and (B) (2) Only (A)
(3) Only (D) does not represent SHM (4) Only (A) and (C)
12. The oscillation of a body on a smooth horizontal surface is represented by
the equation,
X = A cos (t)
where X = displacement at time t,  = frequency of oscillation
Which one of the following graph shows correctly the variation ‘a’ with ‘t’ :

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Here a = accleration at time t

T = timper period [2014]
13. When two displacements represented by
y1= a sin (t) and y2 = b cos (t)
are superimposed the motion is: [2015]
(1) not a simple harmonic
(2) simple harmonic with amplitude a/b

(3) simple harmonic with amplitude a b2 2

(a  b)
(4) simple harmonic with amplitude
2
14. A particle is executing SHM along a straight line. Its velocities at distance x 1
and x 2 from the mean position are V 1 and V 2, respectively. Its time period is:
[2015]

x12  x 22 x 22  x12
(1) 2 (2) 2
V12  V22 V12  V22

V12  V22 V12  V22

(3) 2 (4) 2
x12  x 22 x12  x 22
15. A body of mass m is attached to the lower end of a spring whose upper end
is fixed. The spring has negligible mass. When the mass m is slightly pulled
down and released, it oscilaltes with a time period of 3s. When the mass m
is increased by 1 kg, the time period of oscillations becomes 5 s. The value
of m in kg is : [2016(II)]

9
3
(1) 16 (2)
4

4 16
(3) (4)
3 9
16. A particle executes linear simple haromic motion with an amplitude of 3 cm.
When the particle is at 2 cm from the mean position, the magnitude of its
velocity is equal to that of its accleration. Then its time period in seconds is:
[2017]

2 3
(1) (2)
3 

3 4
(3) (4)
2 5
17. A pendulum is hung from the roof of a sufficiently high building and is moving
freely to and fro like a simple harmonic oscillator. The acceleration of the
bob of the pendulum is 20 m/s 2 at a distance of 5 m from the mean position.
The time period of oscillation is :
[2018]
(1) 1 s
(2) 2s
(3) 2s
(4)  s.
WAVES
TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL WAVES
DISPLACEMENT RELATION IN A PROGRESSIVE WAVE
THE SPEED OF A TRAVELLING WAVE
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION OF WAVES
REFLECTION OF WAVES
BEATS
1. Equations of two progressive waves are given by
y1 = a sin (t + 1) and y2 = a sin (t + 2).
If amplitude and time period of resultant wave are same as that of both the
waves, then (1– 2) is:
[2001]

 2
(1) (2)
3 3

 
(3) (4)
6 4
2. A transverse wave propagating along x-axis is represented by-


y (x, t) = 8.0 sin (0.5 x  4 t  )
4

where x is in metres and t is in seconds. The speed of the wave is :

[2006]


(1) 0.5  m/s (2) m/s
4

(3) 8 m/s (4) 4  m/s

3. Two points are located at a distance of 10 m and 15 m from the source of
oscillation. The period of oscillation is 0.05 sec and the velocity of the
wave is 300 m/sec. What is the phase difference between the oscillations
of two points:
[2008]
(1) 2/3
(2) 
(3) /6
(4) /3.
4. A wave in a string has an amplitude of 2 cm. Thje wave travels in the +ve
direction of x axis with a speed of 128 m/sec. and it is noted that 5
complete waves fit in 4 m length of the string. The equation describing
the wave is:
[2009]
(1) y = (0.02)m Sin (7.85x + 1005t)
(2) y = (0.02)m Sin(157x – 2010t)
(3) y = (0.02)m Sin(15.7x + 2010t)
(4) y = (0.02)m Sin(7.85x – 1005t)
5. Two waves are represented by the equations y 1 =  sin (t + kx + 0.57) m
and y2 =  cos (t +kx) m, where x is in meter and t in sec. the phase difference
between them is :
[2011]
(1) 0.57 radian
(2) 1.0 radian
(3) 1.25 radian
(4) 1.57 radian
6. A wave travelling in the + ve x-direction having displacement along y-direction
as 1 m, wavelength 2 m and frequency of 1/ Hz is represented by :
[2013]
(1) y = sin (2x – 2t)
(2) y = sin (10x – 20t)
(3) y = sin (2x + 2t)
(4) y = sin (x – 2t)
7. Two periodic waves of intensities I 1 and I 2 pass through a region at the
same time in the same direction. The sun of the maximum and minimum
intensities is :
[2008]

2
(1)  I1  I2 
2
(2)  I1  I2 
(3) 2 (I 1 + I 2 )
(4) I 1 + I 2
8. A source of unknown frequency gives 4 beats/s, when sounded with a source
of known frequency 250 Hz. The second harmonic of the source of unknown
frequency gives five beats per second, when sounded with a Source of
frequency 513 Hz. The unknown frequency is:
[2013]
(1) 246 Hz
(2) 240 Hz
(3) 260 Hz
(4) 254 Hz
9. Each of the two strings of length 51.6 cm and 49.1 cm are tensioned
separately by 20N force. Mass per unit length of both the strings is same
and equal to 1 g/m. When both the strings vibrate simultaneously the
number of beats is:
[2009]
(1) 5
(2) 7
(3) 8
(4) 9
10. The number of possible natural oscillations of air column in a pipe closed at
one end of length 85 cm whose frequencies lie below 1250 Hz are :
(velocity of sound = 340 ms –1)
2014]
(1) 4
(2) 5
(3) 7
(4) 6.
11. A string is stretched between fixed points separated by 75.0 cm. It is observed
to have resonant frequencies of 420 Hz and 315 Hz. There are no other
resonatnt frequencies between these two. The lowest resonant frequency
for this string is:
[2015(Re)]
(1) 10.5 Hz
(2) 105 Hz
(3) 155 Hz
(4) 205 Hz.
12. A uniform rope of length L and mass m 1 hangs vertically from a rigid support.
Ablock of mass m 2 is attached to the free end of the rope. A transverse
pulse of wavelength  1 is produced at the lower end of the rope. The
wavelength of the pulse when it reaches the top of the rope is  2. The ratio
 2/  1is : [2016(I)]

m1 m1  m2
(1) (2)
m2 m2

m2 m1  m2
(3) (4)
m1 m1
13. Three sound wave of equal amplitudes has frequences (n – 1), n, (n + 1).
They superimpose to give beats. The number of beats produced per second
will be :
[2016(II)]
(1) 2
(2) 1
(3) 4
(4) 3
14. A tuning fork is used to produce resonance in a glass tube. The length of the
air column in this tube can be adjusted by a variable piston. At room
temperature of 27°C two successive resonances are produced at 20 cm and
73 cm of column length. If the frequency of the tuning fork is 320 Hz, the
velocity of sound in air at 27°C is :
[2018]
(1) 300 m/s
(2) 330 m/s
(3) 350 m/s
(4) 339 m/s.
15. When a string is divided into three segments of length I 1, I 2 and I 3 the
fundamental frequencies of these three segments are  1 ,  2 and  3
respectively. The original fundamental frequency () of the string is :
[2012]

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1)    (2)   
 1  2  3  1 2 3

(3)   1  2   3 (4) 1 = 1 + 2 + 3