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Test Bank 4
Test Bank 4
1. Many health authorities recommend that Americans consume within the range of _______________% of
their total calories from carbohydrate.
________________________________________
2. _______________ are the main problem associated with excessive sugar intake.
________________________________________
7. _______________ is a condition in which one lacks lactase. Symptoms include gas and bloating after
consuming dairy products.
________________________________________
10. The hormone _______________ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a
normal range.
________________________________________
11. The major source of glucose released to elevate a low blood glucose level is _______________.
________________________________________
12. Polysaccharides that cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes, and therefore cannot be absorbed,
are called _______________.
________________________________________
13. _______________ are products from partial fat metabolism as a result of too little dietary carbohydrate.
________________________________________
15. Dietary fiber may play a role in the prevention of _______________ cancer.
________________________________________
16. The recommendations for a high-carbohydrate diet refer to one that is ______ in complex carbohydrates
and ______ in simple carbohydrates.
________________________________________
22. In the U.S. diet, carbohydrate supplies approximately what percentage of total kcalories?
A. 15%
B. 35%
C. 50%
D. 75%
23. The process that plants use to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of the sun's heat
and light is called
A. biosynthesis.
B. anabolism.
C. photosynthesis.
D. glycogenesis.
32. What enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?
A. Salivary amylase
B. Bicarbonate
C. Pancreatic proteases
D. Pancreatic amylase
34. Amylase is
A. an enzyme that digests protein.
B. a branched chain of glucose units.
C. an enzyme that digests starch.
D. a straight chain of glucose units.
35. What is the fate of disaccharides not digested in the small intestine?
A. They pass into the colon and are absorbed.
B. They pass into the colon and are fermented by bacteria.
C. They are absorbed and converted to glycogen.
D. They are absorbed and converted to fat.
43. Which organ will first receive sugars after they are absorbed into the blood?
A. Kidney
B. Heart
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
48. The glycemic load takes into account the glycemic index of the food and the amount of
A. carbohydrate consumed.
B. glucose absorbed.
C. insulin released from the pancreas.
D. glycogen stored.
49. For which of the following is glucose most critical as an energy source?
A. Muscles
B. Brain
C. Liver
D. Heart
50. You are on a diet and eating less than 50 grams of carbohydrate per day. The claim made in the diet
educational materials is that carbohydrate is the main culprit in being overweight, so it must be restricted.
Which of the following will happen as a result of this low carbohydrate diet?
A. Proteins in muscles, heart, and other vital organs will be broken down into amino acids to make needed
glucose, over time weakening the muscles and organs.
B. Fat will be broken down and used as the exclusive fuel, leading to considerable fat loss and little health risk.
C. Ketones will be produced from partial protein metabolism to be used for energy.
D. Fat will be broken down and converted to glucose that will be used as the primary energy source.
51. Glycogen is
A. a highly branched polysaccharide.
B. stored in the absence of dietary carbohydrate.
C. a straight chain of glucoses linked together.
D. a hormone for blood glucose regulation.
61. Which of the following is not a rich source of viscous (soluble) fibers?
A. Fruits
B. Oatmeal
C. Whole wheat bread
D. Legumes
62. Dietary fiber may play a key role in the prevention of which cancer?
A. Colon
B. Liver
C. Pancreatic
D. Stomach
63. A reasonable and recommended goal for daily dietary fiber intake is how many grams?
A. 10 to 12
B. 15 to 30
C. 20 to 34
D. 25 to 38
64. John Fibernugget wants to increase his fiber intake. Which of the following would be the safest way for him
do this?
A. Eating enriched grains such as Rice Krispies and Saltines
B. Buying bran and fiber supplements to add to his current diet
C. Reading the labels of grain products and buying those labeled "wheat flour"
D. Eating more fruits and vegetables and not removing the edible peels
65. Which of the following foods would have the most fiber?
A. Kidney beans
B. English muffins made with enriched flour
C. Orange juice
D. Corn flakes
67. What is the minimum number of grams of carbohydrate, per day, humans must consume to avoid ketosis?
A. 75
B. 100
C. 130
D. 250
68. The World Health Organization recommends limiting added sugar intake to ______ percent of our total
kcalories.
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 25
72. All of the following are characteristic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus except
A. arises most commonly in adulthood.
B. caused by insensitivity of fat and muscle cells to insulin.
C. often associated with obesity.
D. the least common form of diabetes.
73. The most important dietary approach for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is to
A. lose body fat.
B. eat regular meals.
C. maintain a constant ratio of carbohydrate to protein to fat throughout the day.
D. avoid sugar.
74. If you had the condition phenylketonuria, which should you not use?
A. Stevia
B. Aspartame
C. High fructose corn syrup
D. Saccharin
Matching Questions
1. Many health authorities recommend that Americans consume within the range of _______________% of
their total calories from carbohydrate.
45-65 or
45 to 65 or
forty-five - sixty-five or
forty-five to sixty-five
2. _______________ are the main problem associated with excessive sugar intake.
Dental caries or
Caries or
Cavities or
Dental cavities or
Tooth decay
7. _______________ is a condition in which one lacks lactase. Symptoms include gas and bloating after
consuming dairy products.
Lactose maldigestion or
Lactose intolerance
9. The red blood cells and brain are two body tissues that derive most of their energy from ____________.
glucose or
dextrose or
blood glucose or
blood sugar
10. The hormone _______________ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is elevated above a
normal range.
insulin
11. The major source of glucose released to elevate a low blood glucose level is _______________.
glycogen
13. _______________ are products from partial fat metabolism as a result of too little dietary carbohydrate.
Ketones or
Ketone bodies
15. Dietary fiber may play a role in the prevention of _______________ cancer.
colon or
colorectal
22. In the U.S. diet, carbohydrate supplies approximately what percentage of total kcalories?
A. 15%
B. 35%
C. 50%
D. 75%
32. What enzyme is responsible for carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine?
A. Salivary amylase
B. Bicarbonate
C. Pancreatic proteases
D. Pancreatic amylase
35. What is the fate of disaccharides not digested in the small intestine?
A. They pass into the colon and are absorbed.
B. They pass into the colon and are fermented by bacteria.
C. They are absorbed and converted to glycogen.
D. They are absorbed and converted to fat.
41. Those with lactose intolerance usually can consume all the following except
A. small servings of milk products.
B. some cheeses.
C. yogurt containing active cultures.
D. milk shakes made with skim milk.
43. Which organ will first receive sugars after they are absorbed into the blood?
A. Kidney
B. Heart
C. Liver
D. Pancreas
47. Which of the following hormones is released during stressful times to increase blood glucose levels, making
more energy available for use?
A. Insulin
B. Epinephrine
C. Glycogen
D. Progesterone
48. The glycemic load takes into account the glycemic index of the food and the amount of
A. carbohydrate consumed.
B. glucose absorbed.
C. insulin released from the pancreas.
D. glycogen stored.
49. For which of the following is glucose most critical as an energy source?
A. Muscles
B. Brain
C. Liver
D. Heart
51. Glycogen is
A. a highly branched polysaccharide.
B. stored in the absence of dietary carbohydrate.
C. a straight chain of glucoses linked together.
D. a hormone for blood glucose regulation.
62. Dietary fiber may play a key role in the prevention of which cancer?
A. Colon
B. Liver
C. Pancreatic
D. Stomach
63. A reasonable and recommended goal for daily dietary fiber intake is how many grams?
A. 10 to 12
B. 15 to 30
C. 20 to 34
D. 25 to 38
64. John Fibernugget wants to increase his fiber intake. Which of the following would be the safest way for him
do this?
A. Eating enriched grains such as Rice Krispies and Saltines
B. Buying bran and fiber supplements to add to his current diet
C. Reading the labels of grain products and buying those labeled "wheat flour"
D. Eating more fruits and vegetables and not removing the edible peels
67. What is the minimum number of grams of carbohydrate, per day, humans must consume to avoid ketosis?
A. 75
B. 100
C. 130
D. 250
68. The World Health Organization recommends limiting added sugar intake to ______ percent of our total
kcalories.
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 25
72. All of the following are characteristic of Type 2 diabetes mellitus except
A. arises most commonly in adulthood.
B. caused by insensitivity of fat and muscle cells to insulin.
C. often associated with obesity.
D. the least common form of diabetes.
74. If you had the condition phenylketonuria, which should you not use?
A. Stevia
B. Aspartame
C. High fructose corn syrup
D. Saccharin
Matching Questions
78. Match the following with the descriptions below
Category # of Questi
ons
Bloom's Level: Analyze 3
Bloom's Level: Apply 18
Bloom's Level: Evaluate 1
Bloom's Level: Remember 17
Bloom's Level: Understand 40
Figure: 4.01 1
Figure: 4.02 3
Figure: 4.04 4
Figure: 4.08 6
Figure: 4.09 4
Figure: 4.12 1
Figure: 4.14 2
Learning Outcome: 4.01 Identify the basic structures and food sources of the major carbohydrates - monosaccharides, disaccharides, 21
polysaccharides (e.g., starches), and fiber
Learning Outcome: 4.02 Describe food sources of carbohydrate and list some alternative sweeteners 12
Learning Outcome: 4.03 Explain how carbohydrates and digested and absorbed, including the consequences of lactose maldigestion ( 15
and lactose intolerance)
Learning Outcome: 4.04 List the functions of carbohydrate in the body and the problems that result from not eating enough carbohyd 8
rate
Learning Outcome: 4.05 Describe the regulation of blood glucose and discuss how other nutrients can be converted to blood glucose 13
Learning Outcome: 4.06 Outline the beneficial effects of fiber on the body 13
Learning Outcome: 4.07 State the RDA for carbohydrate and various guidelines fro carbohydrate intake 7
Learning Outcome: 4.08 Identify the consequences of diabetes, and explain appropriate dietary measures that will reduce the adverse 5
effects of this health problem
Section: 4.01 2
Section: 4.02 16
Section: 4.03 5
Section: 4.04 9
Section: 4.05 9
Section: 4.06 14
Section: 4.07 13
Section: 4.08 2
Section: 4.09 8
Section: 4.10 3
Section: Nutrition and Your Health 6
Topic: Carbohydrates 77
Topic: Human Digestion and Absorption 13