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Peopling of the Philippines

What is peopling?

Peopling–
• means “To stock with people or inhabitants;
to fill as with people; to populate.”
findwords.com
• A body of persons that are united by a
common culture, tradition or sense of
kinship. (Merriam-Webster Dictionary
©2011)
What and where are the Philippines?

❑ The Philippines officially the Republic

of the Philippine
❑Unitary Sovereign and archipelagic
country in Southeast Asia. Situated in the
western Pacific Ocean.
Coordinates:14°35′N 120°58′E
Philippines
Trivia about the Philippines:
• The current population of the Philippines is 117,611,545 as of
Sunday, August 27, 2023, based on World meter elaboration
of the latest United Nations data.
• The Philippines ranks number 13 in the list of most populated
countries.
• The population density in the Philippines is 394 per Km2 (925
people per mi2).
• The total land area is 298,170 Km2 (115,124 sq. miles)
• 47.1 % of the population is urban (117,337,368 people in
2023)
• Source:http://www.worldometers.info/world-
population/philippines-population/
First Theory/ Primary Source:
The Wave of Migration Theory by Henry
Otley Beyer
Dr. Beyer, the ancestors of the Filipinos
came in different "waves of migration", as
follows:
• "Dawn Man", who was similar to Java man, Peking man,
and other Asian Homo erectus of 250,000 years ago.
• The aboriginal pygmy group, the Negritos, who arrived
between 25,000 and 30,000 years ago via land bridges.
• The seafaring tool-using Indonesian group who arrived
about 5,000 to 6,000 years ago and were the first
immigrants to reach the Philippines by sea.
• The seafaring, more civilized Malays who brought
the Iron Age culture and were the real colonizers and
dominant cultural group in the pre-Hispanic Philippines.
1.Dawn Men

1. The first migrants were what Beyer called

the “Dawn men”. The Dawn men
resembled Java man, Peking man, and
other Asian Homo sapiens that existed
about 250,000 years ago. They did not have
any knowledge of agriculture and lived by
hunting and fishing.
Tabon Man
2. Negritos

• The second group of migrants was

composed of dark-skinned pygmies called
“Aetas’ or “Negritoes”. About 30,000 years
ago, they crossed the land bridged from
Malaya, Borneo, and Australia until they
reached Palawan, Mindoro and Mindanao.
Negritos
3.Indones
• The Indonesians, who came to the islands
in boats. They were more advanced than
the Aetas in that: they had tools made out
of stone and steel, which enabled them to
build sturdier houses: they engaged in
farming and mining, and used materials
made of brass; they wore clothing and
other body ornaments.
Indones
4.Malays
➢ Last to migrate to the Philippines, according
to Beyer, were Malays. They were believed to
have come from Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and
the Malay Peninsula more than 2,000 years
ago.
➢ The Malays were brown-skinned and of
medium height, with straight black hair and
flat noses. They engaged in pottery, weaving,
jewelry making and metal smelting, and
introduced the irrigation system in rice
planting.
Malay
Evidences of Wave Migration Theory

• Callao man - fossilized remains discovered in Callao

Cave, Peñablanca, Cagayan, Philippines in 2007 by Armand
Salvador Mijares. Specifically, the find consisted of a single
61-millimeter metatarsal which, when dated using uranium
series ablation, was found to be about 67,000 years old.
Remains of Tabon Man and Callao Man
Second Theory/ Secondary Source:
The Austronesian Migration Theory by
Peter Bellwood
Austronesian
• In historical terms, refers to the homeland of
the peoples who speak Austronesian
languages, including Malay (Malaysian-
Indonesian), Filipino, the Visayan
languages, Ilocano, Javanese, Malagasy,
the Polynesian languages, Fijian, Taiwan's
Formosan languages, Tetum and around a
thousand other languages.
• The Austronesian homeland is thought by
linguists to have been prehistoric Taiwan.
Austronesia
The “Out of Taiwan Theory”

• One of the most prevalent theories states that

the Austronesian speakers moved south from
Taiwan and through
the Philippines and Indonesia. Later, they
crossed the Indian and Pacific Oceans into
Madagascar and Hawaii. This is called the
“Out-of-Taiwan” model.
Timeline of Out of Taiwan Theory
• 4500BC-4000BC -From China's territories,
the Austronesians moved to Taiwan.
• 2500BC-1000BC - From Taiwan to the
south (Philippines).
• 1500BC-500BC -Austronesians has
landed Southeast Asia and settled in
Vietnam and the Malaysian Peninsula
even in Madagascar, Easter Island and
Hawaii.
Evidences of Austronesian Migration
Theory:

• The theory largely explains the similarities

in culture, language in Southeast Asian
and other countries and territories in Asia-
Pacific.
• Tagalog,Visayan,Ilocano(Philippines)
• Behasa Melayu (Malaysia)
• Bahasa Indonesia(Indonesia)
• Malagasy (Madagascar) and etc.
1. Comparison of Language
2. Observable culture of tattooing, pre-
historic styles or art and Social Characters
3.Physical Attributes (Brown Race)
4. Artifacts
Philippine Ethnic Makeup:

• Tagalog 28.1%,
• Cebuano 13.1%,
• Ilocano 9%,
• Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%,
• Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%,
• Bikol 6%,
• Waray 3.4%
• Other groups
Comparison of Two Sources or Theories.
➢ Wave Migration Theory
• Henry Otley Beyer
• Origin by the arrival of the Negritos, Indones and Malay,
which are the forefathers of present ethnic groups such
as the Tagalog, Ilocano, Igorot, Visayan and etc and the
evidence of the remains of Tabon and Callao man.

➢ Austronesian Migration theory

• Peter Bellwood
• explains a perspective of relating our culture language
and heritage to other Asian and Pacific countries, due to
his ‘ Out of Taiwan Theory’.
What is the Origin of the Inhabitance in the
Philippines and the beginning of the Filipino
Population?
End