G.

VENKATASWAMY NAIDU COLLEGE, KOVILPATTI

B.COM BUSINESS ANALYTICS

INDUSTRIAL LAW
 UNIT – I person responsible for the day-to-day supervision of the

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 factory is known as the "manager."

4. Health, Safety, and Welfare Provisions:
The Factories Act, 1948, is a comprehensive piece of
- The Act prescribes detailed provisions related to the
legislation in India that aims to regulate the working
health, safety, and welfare of workers. It covers aspects such
conditions in factories and ensure the health, safety, and
as cleanliness, ventilation, temperature, lighting, drinking
welfare of workers employed in industrial establishments.
water, and facilities for rest and meals.
The Act was enacted to address the growing concerns
5. Working Hours and Overtime:
regarding the working conditions in factories during the
- The Act regulates the working hours of adult workers,
industrialization phase. Here's an overview of the key
including restrictions on daily and weekly working hours. It
features and provisions of the Factories Act, 1948:
also provides for overtime rates and conditions for adult
1. Applicability:
workers who work beyond normal hours.
- The Act is applicable to factories where specified
6. Employment of Young Persons:
manufacturing processes are carried out, and a certain
- Special provisions are made for the employment of young
number of workers are employed. The threshold for the
persons (defined as individuals below the age of 18). The Act
number of workers may vary between states.
imposes restrictions on the hours of work, types of work, and
2. Factory Definition:
conditions of employment for young persons.
- The Act defines a factory as any premises where ten or
7. Annual Leave with Wages:
more workers are employed, or were employed on any day of
- The Act mandates that every worker who has worked for
the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a
a certain number of days in a calendar year is entitled to
manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of
annual leave with wages. The leave is calculated based on the
power, or where twenty or more workers are employed, or
number of days worked.
were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months,
8. Safety Measures:
and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being
- The Act outlines specific safety measures, including
carried on without the aid of power.
provisions related to dangerous machinery, fencing of
3. Occupier and Manager:
- The person responsible for the overall management and machinery, work on or near machinery in motion, and
control of the factory is termed as the "occupier," and the
precautions against dangerous fumes, explosives, and other
hazards.
9. Welfare Measures:
- The Act emphasizes welfare measures for workers,
including provisions for first aid facilities, canteens, shelters,
and restrooms.
10. Penalties and Enforcement:
- The Act prescribes penalties for contravention of its
provisions. Inspectors appointed under the Act have the
authority to inspect factories, investigate accidents, and
ensure compliance.
11. Amendments:
- The Factories Act has undergone amendments to keep
pace with changing industrial practices and societal needs.
Amendments may be made to address emerging issues,
improve safety standards, and enhance the welfare of
workers.
It's important for employers and managers to be familiar with
the specific provisions of the Factories Act applicable to their
jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the law and the well-
being of the workforce. The Act plays a crucial role in
safeguarding the interests of workers and promoting a
healthy and safe working environment in industrial
establishments.
OBJECTIVES OF THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948
The Factories Act, 1948, was enacted with several objectives
aimed at regulating the working conditions in factories and
ensuring the health, safety, and welfare of workers. The key
objectives of the Act include:
1. Worker Safety and Health:
- To provide a legal framework for the establishment and
maintenance of factories in a manner conducive to the health
and safety of workers.
2. Prevention of Industrial Accidents:
- To prevent industrial accidents and promote measures for
the health and safety of workers by setting standards for the
construction, maintenance, and operation of factories.
3. Working Hours and Conditions:
- To regulate the working hours of adult workers, including
restrictions on overtime, and to establish conditions for
employment to prevent exploitation and ensure fair labor
practices.
4. Employment of Young Persons:
- To protect young persons (individuals below the age of 18)
from working in certain types of hazardous occupations and
to regulate their working hours and conditions.
5. Annual Leave with Wages: 10. Prohibition of Hazardous Processes:

- To provide for annual leave with wages for workers who - To regulate and, in some cases, prohibit certain
have completed a certain period of continuous service, hazardous processes that pose risks to the health and safety
thereby ensuring periodic rest and recreation for workers. of workers.

6. Welfare Measures: 11. Enforcement of Standards:

- To prescribe and enforce welfare measures that contribute
to the well-being of workers, including provisions for
facilities such as canteens, restrooms, and first aid.
7. Provisions for Female Workers:
- To address the specific needs of female workers by
regulating their working hours, conditions of work, and
providing facilities for their welfare.
8. Registration and Licensing:
- To establish a system of registration and licensing of
factories, ensuring compliance with the prescribed standards
and facilitating regular inspections to verify adherence to
safety and health requirements.
- To empower designated authorities, such as factory
inspectors, to enforce the standards and regulations set forth
in the Act through regular inspections, inquiries, and the
imposition of penalties for non-compliance.
12. Promotion of Occupational Health:
- To promote measures for occupational health, including
the provision of medical examinations for workers engaged in
certain processes or occupations that may affect their health.
13. Emergency Response and Safety Equipment:
- To ensure the availability of emergency response
measures and safety equipment within factories to deal with
potential accidents or emergencies.

9. Sanitary and Hygienic Conditions: The Factories Act, 1948, thus plays a crucial role in balancing
the interests of industrial growth with the protection of
- To maintain sanitary and hygienic conditions within
workers' rights and well-being. It establishes a legal
factories, including provisions for cleanliness, ventilation,
framework that emphasizes safety, health, and welfare
temperature, and other factors contributing to the well-being
standards in factories, contributing to the overall
of workers.
development of a responsible and humane industrial
environment.
DEFINITIONS:
The Factories Act, 1948, provides various definitions that are
crucial for understanding the scope and application of the
legislation. Below are key definitions outlined in the Act:
1. Adult: An individual who has completed eighteen years of
age.
2. Adolescent: A person who has completed fifteen years of
age but has not yet completed eighteen years.
3. Child: A person who has not completed fifteen years of age.
4. Chief Inspector: The Chief Inspector of Factories
appointed under the Act.
5. Day: A period of twenty-four hours beginning from
midnight.
6. Factory: Any premises, including the precincts thereof,
where ten or more workers are employed, or were employed
on any day of the preceding twelve months, with the aid of
power, or where twenty or more workers are employed, or
were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months,
without the aid of power.
7. Hazardous Process: Any process or activity in a factory
that involves the use, handling, generation, storage, disposal,
or transportation of any hazardous substance.
8. Occupier: The person who has ultimate control over the
affairs of the factory.
9. Power: Electrical energy, or any other form of energy which
is mechanically transmitted and is not generated by human
or animal power.
10. Prescribed: Prescribed by rules made under the Act.
11. Prime Mover: Any engine, motor, or other appliance
which generates or otherwise provides power.
12. Seasonal Factory: A factory that is exclusively engaged in
one or more of the following manufacturing processes,
namely, cotton ginning, cotton or jute pressing,
decorticating of groundnuts, the manufacture of coffee,
indigo, or rubber.
13. Week: A period of seven days beginning at midnight on
Saturday night or such other night as may be approved in
writing for a particular area by the Chief Inspector of
Factories.
These definitions provide a foundational understanding of
terms used throughout the Factories Act, 1948. They help in
interpreting and applying the various provisions of the Act in
the context of industrial establishments.
PROVISIONS OF THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 Registration:

1. Approval, Licensing, and Registration of Factories: All factories, regardless of their nature, must be registered
under the Factories Act. Registration provides legal
Approval:
recognition to the establishment and facilitates regulatory
Before establishing a new factory, the occupier must seek oversight. It is a mandatory requirement and ensures that
approval for factory plans from the Chief Inspector of factories operate within the framework of the Act. This
Factories. This process involves submitting detailed plans process is essential for maintaining a comprehensive
that outline the layout, construction, and amenities of the database of industrial establishments, allowing authorities to
proposed factory. The Chief Inspector reviews these plans to monitor and enforce compliance with statutory provisions.
ensure compliance with safety and regulatory standards. The
2. Duties of Occupier:
approval process is a crucial initial step to prevent the
establishment of factories that may pose risks to the health The occupier, defined as the person who has ultimate control
and safety of workers. over the affairs of the factory, bears significant
responsibilities outlined in the Factories Act:
Licensing:
- Safety and Maintenance: The occupier is responsible for
Certain factories, particularly those engaged in hazardous
maintaining machinery and equipment in a safe working
processes, require licensing under the Factories Act. The
condition. Regular inspections and maintenance protocols
licensing process involves a thorough examination of safety
are crucial to prevent accidents and ensure the smooth
measures, emergency response plans, and other precautions.
functioning of industrial operations.
This stringent scrutiny is essential to mitigate potential risks
associated with hazardous activities. Licensing is a proactive - Safe Workplace: Creating and maintaining a safe working
measure to ensure that factories dealing with dangerous environment is a primary duty. This includes implementing
processes adhere to stringent safety standards, minimizing safety measures, providing protective equipment, and
the risk of accidents and protecting both workers and the ensuring that the premises are free from hazards that could
surrounding community. endanger workers.
- Worker Welfare: The occupier must prioritize the welfare of thorough investigations. This includes determining the
workers. This involves providing facilities for health and causes of the accident, assessing the extent of damage, and
hygiene, ensuring access to first aid, and implementing recommending preventive measures to avoid future
measures for the overall well-being of employees. incidents.

- Statutory Compliance: It is the duty of the occupier to
ensure compliance with all statutory provisions outlined in
the Factories Act. This includes adherence to health, safety,
and welfare standards, as well as cooperation during
inspections and investigations.
The occupier's duties are integral to creating a workplace
that prioritizes the safety and well-being of its workforce
while ensuring compliance with legal requirements.
- Enforcing Compliance: Inspecting staff have the authority
to enforce compliance with the Factories Act. This involves
issuing notices for rectification, recommending penalties for
non-compliance, and taking legal action if necessary.
- Providing Guidance: The inspecting staff may also provide
guidance to factory management on best practices, safety
protocols, and measures to enhance overall compliance with
the Act.

The effectiveness of the inspecting staff is crucial for

maintaining a safe and compliant working environment and
3. Inspecting Staff:
preventing accidents within industrial establishments.
Inspecting staff, appointed under the Factories Act, play a
4. Certifying Surgeons:
pivotal role in enforcing safety and welfare standards within
industrial establishments. Their responsibilities include: Certifying Surgeons, as per the Factories Act, play a vital role
in ensuring the health and well-being of industrial workers.
- Regular Inspections: Inspecting staff conduct routine
Their responsibilities include:
inspections of factories to assess compliance with statutory
provisions. These inspections are essential for identifying - Regular Health Examinations: Certifying Surgeons conduct
potential hazards, ensuring adherence to safety measures, regular health examinations of workers employed in
and addressing any violations promptly. factories. These examinations aim to identify and address
any health issues promptly, contributing to preventive
- Investigating Accidents: In the event of an industrial
healthcare.
accident, inspecting staff are responsible for conducting
- Identifying Occupational Diseases: Certifying Surgeons are refuse. Clean working conditions contribute to a healthy
trained to identify and diagnose occupational diseases that environment and prevent the spread of diseases.
may be prevalent in specific industries. Early detection
- Ventilation (Section 13): Adequate ventilation is essential
enables timely intervention and prevents the escalation of
to maintain a supply of fresh air within the factory. Proper
health issues among workers.
ventilation systems prevent the accumulation of harmful
- Issuing Fitness Certificates: After health examinations, gases and ensure a comfortable working atmosphere.
Certifying Surgeons issue fitness certificates, indicating
- Temperature Control (Sections 14-16): Sections 14 to 16 of
whether a worker is fit for employment. This ensures that
the Act outline measures for controlling temperature in the
only individuals in good health are engaged in industrial
workplace. This is particularly important in industries where
processes.
extreme temperatures could pose risks to worker health.
- Advising on Health Measures: Certifying Surgeons may
- Dust and Fume Control (Sections 17-20): Specific provisions
provide advice to factory management on health measures,
address the control of dust and fumes in industrial processes.
such as the implementation of preventive healthcare
This is crucial in industries where the generation of airborne
programs, vaccination drives, and measures to mitigate
particles could have adverse health effects on workers.
occupational health risks.
These health provisions collectively aim to create a
The role of Certifying Surgeons is integral to the preventive
workplace that prioritizes the physical well-being of workers,
healthcare framework within factories, contributing to the
minimizing health risks and ensuring a safe and hygienic
overall well-being of the industrial workforce.
working environment.
5. Provisions for Health:
6. Safety Provisions:
The Factories Act, 1948, includes comprehensive provisions
Safety is a paramount concern in industrial settings, and the
for ensuring the health and well-being of workers within
Factories Act, 1948, includes detailed provisions to address
industrial establishments:
various aspects of safety:
- Cleanliness (Sections 11-12): The Act mandates cleanliness
- Machinery Safety (Sections 21-41): These sections provide
in factories, ensuring that the premises are free from dirt and
guidelines for the safe installation and operation of
machinery within factories. It includes measures to prevent
accidents, secure fencing of dangerous parts, and proper
maintenance to ensure machinery operates safely.
- Hazardous Processes (Sections 41-44): Provisions related to
hazardous processes regulate industries involved in activities
that may pose significant risks. These include the
requirement for safety measures, training programs, and
emergency preparedness to mitigate potential dangers.
- Explosive or Inflammable Dust, Gas, etc. (Sections 44A-44J):
Specific safety measures are outlined for factories dealing
with explosive or inflammable substances. This includes
precautions, emergency measures, and reporting
requirements to prevent accidents.
- Precautions Against Dangerous Fumes (Sections 45-50):
Industries generating dangerous fumes must adhere to
specific precautions outlined in these sections. This includes
proper ventilation, monitoring, and protective measures to
safeguard workers.
These safety provisions collectively establish a framework to
minimize the risk of accidents, injuries, and fatalities within
factories, fostering a secure working environment.
7. Welfare Measures:
The Factories Act, 1948, recognizes the importance of worker
welfare and includes provisions to ensure the well-being of
employees:
- Facilities for Health (Sections 42-50): Factories are required
to provide facilities for the health of workers, including clean
drinking water, first aid appliances, and sanitary facilities.
Regular medical examinations are also mandated.
- Safety Provisions (Sections 51-56): Welfare measures
include provisions for safety, such as precautions in case of
fire, proper lighting, and the maintenance of effective
communication systems to ensure quick response during
emergencies.
- Welfare Officers (Sections 49, 50, 87): Large factories are
required to appoint welfare officers who play a vital role in
implementing welfare measures, promoting employee well-
being, and addressing worker grievances.
- Working Hours and Rest Intervals (Sections 51-56): The Act
regulates working hours and rest intervals to prevent
overwork and fatigue, ensuring that workers have adequate
time for rest and recreation.
- Canteens (Sections 46-49): Factories employing a certain
number of workers are required to provide canteen facilities,
ensuring that employees have access to wholesome and
nutritious food during working hours.
These welfare measures collectively contribute to creating a
workplace that not only prioritizes safety but also addresses
the holistic well-being of the workforce.
8. Working Hours and Holidays: Weekly Holidays (Sections 52-54):

Working Hours (Sections 51-66):
The Factories Act outlines provisions regarding the duration
of work, intervals for rest, and overtime work. Key points
include:
Workers are entitled to weekly holidays to ensure adequate
rest:
- Compulsory Weekly Holiday: Every worker is entitled to a
weekly holiday on the first day of the week (typically Sunday).

- Weekly Hours: The normal working hours in a factory should
not exceed 48 hours per week.
- Daily Hours: The daily working hours should not exceed 9
hours a day, including intervals.
- Additional Holiday: If a worker is deprived of a weekly
holiday, they are entitled to an additional day's leave or
additional wages.
Employment of Young Persons (Sections 67-70):

- Overtime: If a worker is required to work beyond the normal Specific provisions regulate the employment of young
hours, they are entitled to overtime wages. persons:

- Spread Over: Working hours should be spread over the day,
and no worker should work for more than five hours without
an interval.
Rest Intervals (Sections 55-56):
- Prohibition of Employment: Young persons (those below 18
years) cannot be employed in certain dangerous processes.
- Working Hours: Their working hours are restricted, and they
are not allowed to work during the night.

The Act ensures that workers are provided with rest intervals Employment of Women (Sections 71-77):
during the workday:
The Act safeguards the rights and well-being of women
- Rest After Overtime: A worker is entitled to a rest period of workers:
at least half an hour after working for five hours
- Prohibition of Night Work: Women are not allowed to work
continuously.
during the night.
- Compensatory Rest: If a worker is deprived of any rest
- Conditions for Overtime: If a woman worker consents to
interval, they should be allowed compensatory rest.
work overtime, it should not exceed the prescribed limits.
9. Annual Leave with Wages:
Sections 78-91:
The Factories Act mandates provisions for annual leave with
wages to ensure workers' periodic rest and recreation:
- Calculation of Leave: Workers are entitled to one day's leave
for every twenty days of work performed.
- Accumulation of Leave: Accumulation of leave is allowed up
to a certain limit, beyond which it should be availed.
- Wages During Leave: Workers are entitled to wages during
the leave period at the rate of the average daily wage.
Closure of Factories (Sections 88-89):
In case of the closure of a factory:
- Notice: The occupier must give notice to the appropriate
authorities if a factory is to be closed for more than 15 days.
- Compensation for Unused Leave: Workers are entitled to
compensation for leave not availed.
Special Provisions (Sections 90-91):
Special provisions include:
- Application of Leave Rules: The provisions apply to all
workers, irrespective of the category of work they are
engaged in.
- Maintenance of Records: The occupier must maintain
records of leave and leave wages for inspection.
These provisions ensure that workers are entitled to periodic
rest, promoting their well-being and preventing overwork.
10. Penalties and Procedures:
Sections 92-106:
The Factories Act establishes penalties for non-compliance
and outlines the procedures for enforcement:
- Penalties for Contravention: Penalties include fines and
imprisonment for various offenses, such as contravention of
safety provisions, working hours, or welfare measures.
- Prosecution: Legal proceedings may be initiated against the
occupier or manager for violations.
- Appeals: Provisions for appeals against certain decisions or
orders are outlined.
Procedure for Prosecution:
1. Complaints: Complaints regarding offenses under the Act
may be filed.
2. Investigation: An investigation is conducted to gather
evidence.
3. Issuance of Notices: If violations are found, notices may be
issued for rectification.
4. Prosecution: Legal proceedings may be initiated in cases APPROVAL, LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF
of persistent non-compliance. FACTORIES

5. Appeals: The Act provides for appeals against certain The Factories Act, 1948, is an Indian legislation that aims to
decisions or orders. ensure the health, safety, and welfare of workers employed in

Inspectors and Their Powers: factories. It also regulates the working conditions and hours
of work. The Act contains provisions related to the approval,
- Appointment of Inspectors: The Act empowers the
licensing, and registration of factories to ensure compliance
appointment of inspectors for enforcement.
with the prescribed standards. Here's an overview of these
- Powers of Inspectors: Inspectors have the authority to enter aspects:
premises, inspect, and investigate violations.
1. Approval of Site and Plans:
- Reporting Violations: Inspectors can report violations and
- Before a factory is constructed, extended, or converted for
recommend actions for rectification.
manufacturing processes, the occupier (owner or manager)
Adjudication: must obtain prior approval from the State Government or the
Chief Inspector of Factories.
- Adjudication Authorities: Authorities may adjudicate
disputes related to certain matters. - The occupier must submit plans of the factory, showing
the site and layout, to the relevant authorities for approval.
- Powers of Adjudication: Adjudicating authorities have
powers to determine compensation and other matters. 2. Licensing of Factories:

- Once the factory is ready for operation, the occupier

needs to obtain a license from the appropriate government
These penalty and procedure provisions ensure the effective
authority. The Chief Inspector of Factories typically issues
enforcement of the Factories Act, 1948, promoting a culture
licenses.
of compliance and safeguarding the interests of workers and
the community. - The application for a license must include information
such as the name and address of the factory, details of the
manufacturing process, the number of workers, the nature of - Conditions may relate to working hours, ventilation,
the manufacturing process, and other relevant particulars. sanitation, precautions against fire and explosions, handling
of hazardous substances, and other aspects of factory
- The license is usually granted for a specific period and
operations.
needs to be renewed periodically.
6. Penalties for Non-Compliance:
3. Registration of Factories:
- The Factories Act provides for penalties in case of non-
- In addition to obtaining a license, the occupier is also
compliance with the provisions related to approval, licensing,
required to register the factory with the appropriate
and registration. Penalties may include fines or
government authority.
imprisonment.
- The registration process involves submitting information
It's important for factory owners and managers to be aware
about the factory, such as its name and address, the name
of and adhere to the specific requirements outlined in the
and address of the manager, the nature of the manufacturing
Factories Act, 1948, to ensure the well-being of workers and
process, the number of workers, and other relevant details.
compliance with safety standards. Additionally, the details
4. Renewal of License and Registration: and procedures may vary between states in India, so it's

- Both licenses and registrations typically have a validity advisable to consult the relevant state's rules and regulations

period, and it is the responsibility of the occupier to ensure for precise information.

timely renewal. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

- The renewal process involves submitting updated 1. What is the primary purpose of The Factories Act, 1948?

information about the factory and its operations. a) Regulating working hours in offices

5. Conditions for Approval, Licensing, and Registration: b) Ensuring health, safety, and welfare of workers in

- The authorities granting approval, licenses, and factories

registrations may impose certain conditions to ensure c) Controlling pollution in industrial areas
compliance with health and safety standards.
d) Establishing minimum wage standards
Answer: b) Ensuring health, safety, and welfare of workers in 4. In the context of The Factories Act, what is the role of an
factories "occupier"?

a) Factory worker

2. Who is responsible for obtaining approval before the b) Factory manager

construction, extension, or conversion of a factory under the
c) Owner or manager responsible for factory operations
Act?
d) Safety inspector
a) Factory workers
Answer: c) Owner or manager responsible for factory
b) Factory manager
operations
c) Chief Inspector of Factories

d) State Government
5. Who appoints the Inspecting Staff under The Factories
Answer: a) Factory manager Act?

a) Factory workers' union

3. What is the primary purpose of licensing under The b) State Government

Factories Act, 1948?
c) Factory manager
a) Regulating export and import of factory goods
d) Chief Inspector of Factories
b) Ensuring compliance with health and safety standards
Answer: b) State Government
c) Controlling factory production levels

d) Determining factory profit margins

6. Certifying surgeons under the Act are responsible for:
Answer: b) Ensuring compliance with health and safety
a) Inspecting factory buildings
standards
b) Certifying the fitness of factory workers
 c) Approving factory licenses Answer: b) Installation of fire extinguishers and fencing of
machinery
d) Conducting safety audits

Answer: b) Certifying the fitness of factory workers

9. What provisions does the Act include for the welfare of
factory workers?
7. What does the Act prescribe regarding provisions for the
a) Recreation facilities, canteens, and shelters
health of factory workers?
b) Mandatory overtime pay
a) Mandatory gym memberships
c) Weekly off days for all workers
b) Regular medical check-ups
d) Flexible working hours
c) Cleanliness, ventilation, and temperature control
Answer: a) Recreation facilities, canteens, and shelters
d) Free access to health spas

Answer: c) Cleanliness, ventilation, and temperature control

10. How does the Act regulate the working hours of adult
workers in factories?
8. Under The Factories Act, 1948, what measures are covered
a) No regulation on working hours
for the safety of factory workers?
b) Fixed working hours with no variation
a) Adequate lighting and air conditioning
c) Regulation of daily and weekly working hours
b) Installation of fire extinguishers and fencing of
machinery d) Determined by individual preferences

c) Employee counseling services Answer: c) Regulation of daily and weekly working hours

d) Provision of ergonomic chairs

 b) A fixed number of days of leave for all workers

11. What provisions does the Act include regarding the c) Leave entitlement based on years of service
employment of young persons in factories?
d) Unlimited annual leave for all workers
a) No employment of young persons allowed
Answer: c) Leave entitlement based on years of service
b) Strict limitations on working hours and conditions

c) Same regulations as for adult workers

14. Under The Factories Act, what penalties may be imposed
d) Unrestricted employment conditions for contravention of the provisions of the Act?

Answer: b) Strict limitations on working hours and conditions a) Verbal warning

b) Monetary fines or imprisonment

12. How does the Act address the employment of women in c) Written warning only
night shifts?
d) No penalties for non-compliance
a) Prohibits the employment of women at night
Answer: b) Monetary fines or imprisonment
b) Allows unrestricted employment of women at night

c) Permits with adequate safety measures

15. What procedures are outlined in the Act for dealing with
d) Only applicable to specific industries accidents in factories?

Answer: c) Permits with adequate safety measures a) No specific procedures outlined

b) Immediate shutdown of the factory

13. What does the Act prescribe regarding annual leave with c) Reporting and investigation of accidents
wages for factory workers?
d) Leaving the matter to the discretion of the workers
a) No provision for annual leave with wages
Answer: c) Reporting and investigation of accidents
16. In case of a factory accident, when must the notice be c) Every 3 years
given to the Inspector under the Act?
d) No renewal required
a) Within 24 hours
Answer: c) Every 3 years
b) Within 48 hours

c) Within 7 days
19. What measures does the Act prescribe to ensure the
d) Within 14 days welfare of pregnant women in factories?

Answer: a) Within 24 hours a) Mandatory maternity leave

b) Prohibition of employment during pregnancy

17. Who is responsible for the registration of factories under c) Facilities for rest and childcare
The Factories Act?
d) No specific provisions for pregnant women
a) Factory workers
Answer: c) Facilities for rest and childcare
b) Factory manager

c) Chief Inspector of Factories

20. What does the Act prescribe regarding weekly holidays for
d) State GovernmentSD factory workers?

Answer: c) Chief Inspector of Factories a) No provision for weekly holidays

b) One mandatory weekly holiday

18. How often must a factory license be renewed under the c) Two mandatory weekly holidays
Act?
d) Rotational weekly holidays for workers
a) Every 6 months
Answer: b) One mandatory weekly holiday
b) Annually