Example Week 8 Video 1

A survey by Louis Harris & Associates Inc, has found that working women are providing
about half of their families’ income. A summary of their findings appeared in the New York
Times in May 2019. The survey is based on telephone interviews with a representative
national sample of 1502 women ages 18 to 55, conducted between November and
December 2018. One thousand and one of the women are employed at least part time.

The survey was designed so that for some questions the women’s answers could be
compared to those of an independent sample of 460 men. One research question of this
survey was the proportion of people who mentioned their salary when they were asked
what makes them feel successful. The findings were that only 7% of the women mentioned
their salary compared to 26% of men.

Carry out the relevant hypothesis test. Assume a 5% level of significance.

"

these
•
Two copulations and two samples from .

teh proportions
• Two
parameters which are
.

•
We were tatd that the sample of
men was

independent from that of the women .

at work and 460 Men at work

• 1001 women

Both ✗re over 30 So we can use the

CLT and proceed to assume that we

approximate Normal distribution

have an

for the variable we are interested in .

•
Variable of the two
independent populations
has to be a
Biuaryne ( dichotomous
variable) .

The question mentioned

"
people who
answer
my salary
is an infection .

Of success
"

adults that
✗ = number of working
question about success
"

answered salary in
"
the
 wowienatwork menatworK_
✗ = number of women
Xz = number of men who
, " "
who answered
"

salary tusweded salary "

the
for question
about
at work
feeling successful →

IT , = true proportion of 11-2 = true proportion of

who that mem
women
say
salary
is an indication #
of success at work

hi = 1001 Nz =
460

and we consider these to be independent

trials .

to out the independent

We are
going carry
samples test of two proportions .

Ñ ,
= 7% 11^-2=2690
1001 ✗
770--70 460×2690=120

there is difference
no
in the
Ho : 11-1=11-2 ( 2nd
true proportion of men
IT -1-12=0 women who believe that
indication of success)
,
salary is an

Ha =/ 11-2 in
: it , → there was no
clarity
the scenario
11-1=-011-2 40
.

Assume a s% level of significance .

 proportion €
'

Pooled estimated

ñ=ñ×n×Y=7%;÷+;÷%×"#
hi 1- Nz

= Or 13
Ho teals
✗ us this

Test stat .
z -

stat =
Ñ_Ñ_•-

fÉ÷E
=
0.07-0.262 =
-0-1-9
0.019

°o%÷,¥,
= -10
You should be thrilled with the -10 .

why?
statistics
Because
large in
that
absolute
the
terms I -101 = 10 mean

related p-value will be very very small .

P-value is ( prob of observing ✗ Zstat of

-10 or less .
) ✗ 2 → because 2 -
sided
Ha

under Ho 2- -
stat ~
NCO, 1)
 P-value = 2 xp ( 2- stat f- 10 )
= 2 xp ( Zstxt I 101
(i
I¥÷¥aaaa
• ✗ -

I 0 very very small

p-value L ✗ = 005

Based the sample

Reject Ho on

of cool women and the independent sample

of 460 have
enough statistical
men we

there
difference
evidence that is
to
say
a

bieañwentne proportion of true

salary as a
women who answer

success indicator and the true proportion

of men wana answer
salary as

✗ success indicator .