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Physics paper 3
General principles when taking measurements
o Write down the number of DP that is given by your measuring
devices. For example, do not write “11 cm”, write “11.0” cm when
using a ruler.
o Write all subsequent measurements with the same number of DP
o The exception to this is when using a stopwatch – 1 dp at best due
to human reaction time
o If you are using a digital meter with a varying value – be sensible.
o If the meter changes between two values (e.g. 5.39 V and
5.40 V), use the higher.
o If it changes between three values, choose the middle.
o Remember, though, that the examiners will not be able to
check!
o 1 mark for using same number of SF in calculated values as the least available
in your raw values2
o 1 mark for correct calculation of processed values
1. Write your units in the form not
2. For example,
if you are calculating for a value of 3.1 cm, then your calculator will give 0.32258… so
you write 0.32
with cm-1 in the column heading
If you are calculating speed using values and then your calculator will give you
0.088571… so you write 0.088
with ms-1 in the column heading
d) i) Graph:
o Choose scales that mean your points take up of the chart space
o Choose sensible scales (e.g. it would be easier if each large square was a
quantity that uses 1 or 2 decimal places)
o Include labels on the axes (units are not specified, but add them anyway)
▪ All these three points are for one mark
o Plot all the points from your data – even anomalous results
o Plot points as accurately as possible
▪ These two are for one mark
o Trend of the points must be correct – this shows if the experiment was done
correctly
▪ This for one mark
▪ If you have several anomalies, you should hopefully notice during the
experiment, if not you may want to get new data
y-intercept – 1 mark
o You may be able to read this off your graph
o Much more likely is to solve for the y-intercept once you have the gradient
using
(a) (i) Take a measurement – look at the general principles – this will be awkward to
take, so do your best.
o Decide what the minimum uncertainty is, and then add that on for every
other sensible reason you can think that interferes with your measurement.
o Usually at least 3 sources, as a guideline
o
(b) (i) and (ii) More measurements – look at the general principles
o We can’t create new data, so for the answer, we use 2 because that is the
minimum we had in our raw data
(c) Df
(d) (i) Calculation of two different values: make sure you use the correct values for each
one.
o Depending on the experiment, these will be very similar or very different –
just go with it
(f) Evaluation
Here are my top tips: this question is worth 1/5 of the total for the paper and is
undoubtedly the most challenging
(i) Describe four sources of uncertainty or limitations of the
procedure for this experiment
o ALWAYS: Two results is not enough to establish a valid
conclusion for the experiment
o For the rest, generally think: “difficult to (do thing)
because (reason) .
o If any of the things you measure are small values measured
using a ruler, then the error is more significant than if taking
larger measurements
1. The spring was moving around too much so it was difficult to be accurate
2. It was difficult to measure d accurately because it was difficult to see where it met
the vertical part of the mass hanger
4. Weight of slotted mass may be different from the value given in the paper – may
have been damaged or dirty
(iii) Describe four improvements that could be made to this experiment. You may suggest
the use of other apparatus or different procedures.
2. Use a micrometer on a clamp stand to measure the length of the spring. This means
that the measuring device will not move, reducing this source of error
4. Take three or more measurements of C and plot on a graph in order to see if the
pattern is valid.