R. K. MALIK’S JEE (MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, IX & X Enjoys unparalleled reputation for best results NEWTON CLASSES in terms of percentage selection www.newtonclasses.net CHAPTER ~ 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES. 19.1 To find the sum of the sines of a series of angles, the angles being in arithmetical progression. Let the angles be 0, +B, 0 + 2B, .... (a + (n—1) B} Let Se sin «+ sin (a+) + sin (a+ 29) +... + sin (a+ (n—1) B). But, 97 we have Cena M-1) co), 2sin (a+ p)sin = cos(a+8) cos (+8), 2 sin (a + 28) sin fe cos (« +3. 8) 2 sin (a + (n — 2) B) sin 8 = cos {o+(n-B)p} d 2sin (a+ (n—1)p) sin B= a+(n-3)p ani sin (+ (n 1) ) sin = cos 7 By adding together these n lines, we have Jo asin B S = cos (2-8) -cos fa (3), the other terms on the right-hand sides cancelling one another. Hence, DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES BY SL LONEY Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0661-2682623, 9635608812, 8507613968 NEWTONCLASSES.NETR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES By putting = 2a, we have sina + sin 3a + sin 50+... + sin (2n-l)a sinfa+n-Da) sino _ sin?na . sina sina” 19.2 To find the sum of the cosines of a series of angles, the angles being in arithmetical progression, Let the anglesbe a,a+,a+2, ...a+(n—1)p. Let S=cosa + cos (a +) + cos (a +28) +... +008 {a+ (n- 1) p). But we have 2cosa sin 2 cos (a +f) sin whe whe whe 20s («+ 29) sin 2 cos (a+ (n-2)p) sin =sin {us 2 By adding together these n lines, we have 28 x sin =sin {n {0-3 =sin {« the other terms on the right-hand sides cancelling one another. and 2cos (a+ (n— 1p) sin ® =sin {e+ 1 Hence, 28 x sin ® =2 cos fos(n-2)p} sin 2, 2 2 §=— 1933 Both the expressions for Sin Arts. 241 and 242 vanish when sin “P is zero, i, when “P is equal to any multiple of x, Office.: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph. 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET 8 Z cS 8 3 a z 5 g z 5 a 2 g z z 8 Zz zg Sg & z £ 2 2 = a Zz S g co g z Z o 5 a S g 4 8 Fe e g aCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES ie.when "2 = ps, wherep is any integer, 7 Qn ie. when Ben. Hence the sum of the sines (or cosines) ofn angles, which are in arithmetical progression, 2 vanishes when the common difference of the angles in any multiple of = EXAMPLE eg, |Find the sum of sin a-sin (a+ f) + sin (a+ 2f) -... ton terms. Solution. We have, sin (a +B +n) =—sin (a +8), sin (a + 2p + 2n) = sin (a + 26), sin (a + 3B + 3n) =— sin («+ 3B), Hence the series. = sina.+ sin (a+ + n+ sin (a+2(8-+n)) +sin (a+3(B+m) +... suf +t +n}sinbe™ a int (B+) [Find the sum of the series cos’ a+ cos’ 2a + cos’ 3a +. ‘Solution. We have, cos 3a = 4 cos'a-3 cosa, 4.cos*a =3cosa +cos 3a. So 4 cos’ 2a = 3 c0s 2a + cos 6a, 4 cos* 3a 3 cos 3a + cos 9a, a Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B z z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g 4 s e g a Hence, if S be the given series, we have 4S = (3 cosa + cos 3a) + (3 cos 2a + cos 6a) + (3 cos 3a + cos 9a) +. = 3 (cosa + cos 2a + cos Sa + ...) + (cos 3a + c08 6a + cos 9a +... 06 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2662623, 9836608812, 8507613968 NEWTONCR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES Inasimilar manner we can obtain the sum of the cubes of the sines of a series of angles in AP. Since 2sin?a = 1-cos 2a, and 2cos*a = 1+ cos 2a, we can obtain the sum of the squares. Since again 8 sin‘ a = 2[1-cos 2a]? —4 cos 2a + 2 cos” 2a = 3-4 cos 2a + cos 4a, we can obtain the sum of the 4th powers of the sines. Similarly for the cosines. ‘Sum ton terms of the series cos asin f+ cos 9a sin 28 + cos 5asin 3f +... ton terms. Solution. Let S denote the series. Then 25 = {sin («+ f) —sin (af) +{sin (Ga + 28) sin (3a. — 2f)) +{sin (5a + 3B) - (5a - 3))+... = (sin («+ B) + sin (Su + 28) + sin (5a. + 3p) +... ton terms) sin (a. B) + sin (3a. 2) + sin (Ga ~ 39) +..... ton terms} 2a +B 2 sind (a -p+ "hea -9) sin Ll = sin 2 soln + a p sinith 2 sila "= ant) 2a Ph.; 0661-2562628, 9896608612, 8607619968, DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES BY SL LONEYCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES A, Aq... A, is a regular polygon of n sides inscribed in a circle, whose centre is O, and P is any point on the are A,,A, such that the angle POA, is 0; find the sum of the legends of the lines joining P to the angular points to the polygon. Qn Solution, Each of the angles A, OAy, Ay OAy,.... Ay OA; is, so that the angles POA,, POA, ... are respectively. 0,04 04— Hence, ifr be the radins of the circle, we have POA, 2 POA, 2 POA; 2 PA, = 2r sin PA, = 2r sin PA, = 2r sin Hence the (Art. 19.0) 1. To sum the series cos 0+ cos 36+ cos 50+... ton terms. 7 n=1 99)e,, 200 (04221 26 in 208 emf 2») 2 _ cosndsinnd Solution, Sum of the series S = “ s Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 8 =z B 2% z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g s e g a Solution, Office.: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph. 0861-2662623, 9636608612, 8507613968, NEWTONCLASSES.NETR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES h-1, 3 = cos = Asin Acosee 4 A. sina +sin2a+sinda+.tsinna | nv To prove A= SAE stan “tg, cosa + cos2a, cosna. sina +sin2a +sin3a +...+sinna Solution. cosa + c0s2a+...+cosna |. sina+sin3a+sinda+...+sin(@n- La To Prove: oo¢a+ 0880 + c0s5a+...+.cos(2n—1)a sinansinna sina ‘Numerator = fut 2 2 sin 2 | _ cosnasinna and denominator ={\__2 _J__2 | _ sosnasinna. sina. sin Dividing Numerator by denominator, we get LHS. =tan na. ‘To Prove: sina +sin(a+B+n)+sin(a+2)+2n)+...to n terms cosa + c0s(a+f+n)+cos(a+2)+2n)+...00 n terms n-1 sis" 0+] Be +e wih Solution, Numerator Z sing(+n) Denominator T sing (B+) Numerator LHS. = Denominator ~ Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET s Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 8 =z B 2% z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g s e g aCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES 6 Tosum: x ae 008 +009 25 +009 +. fon terms. Soluti 0924 2—Y 28 Mh gin 28 gin #_| alta D (Bret) 2 esd anal ne x Beri 8 Bd x 2n+1 7. Tosum: cos a-cos (a+ f) + cos (a+ 28) ~ Solution. S = cos a+ cos (n+a4f) +c0s (2n+ a+ 2x)... to 2n terms. 2n-1 = cos [a+ tben)]sin 2 +n)ecowe $+) -fes(o- Foon] sin n(B+2)cosee 3 (P+) 1 : x (a+ (n—5) +n] sin (nB + nn) see (nf) nem] sin (op +n) soe & as(n-2)p] on snapon nea a Bb — 3) ‘| sin nB see > [since cos? nx = 1] sin 0+ sin ™4 04 si no S =sin s Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 8 =z B 2% z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g s e g a Office.: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph. 0861-2662623, 9636608612, 8507613968, NEWTONCLASSES.NETR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES Sum the series cos x + sin 3x + cos 5x + sin 7x +... + sin (4n = 1) x. Solution, S = (cos x + cos 5x ... ton terms) + (sin 3x + sin 7x + ... + ton terms) = 00s [252s] sin (E) cosec = +sin (E44) cosec 2 08 (2n ~ 1) x + sin (2n + 1) x) sin Qnx cosee 2e = (cos 2nz cos + sin 2nx sin x + sin 2nx cos x + cos 2nx sin x) sin 2nx cose 2x, 108 2nx + sin 2nx) (cos x + sin x) sin 2nx cosec 2x. Sum the series sin asin 2a+ sin 2asin 3a+ sin 3a sin 4a+... ton terms. Solution. Let S denote the sum of the above series, then 28 =2sinasin 2a +2 sin 2a sin 3 +2 sin 3a sin 4a +... ton terms 108 c ~ COS 3a + cos a — cos Su + cos a —cos 7a +.... ton terms cos ot — (cos 3a + cos 5a + cos 7a +... + ton terms) =n cos «~¢08 [3a-+ (n ~ 1) a] sin na cosec a 2 sin a cos « cosec a cos (n + 2) a. sin na. cosec a sin 2a. cosec a — cos (n + 2) sin no. cosec a cosec « [n sin 2a~2 cos (n +2) a sin nol] (n sin 20.~ sin (2n + 2) « + sin 2al} cosec a *. $ = 7 (m+ 1) sin 2a ~ sin (2n + 2) a] cosee a. 4 Sum the series cos asin 2a+ sin 2acos 3a+ cos 3a+ cos 3a sin 4a+.. to 2n terms. Solution. Let S be the sum of the series; then. 28 =2 cosa sin 2a +2 sin 2a. cos 3u +2 cos Sa sin da +... to 2n terms =sin Su +sina+sin 5a—sina+sin7a+ sina +... ton terms in 3a + sin 5a + sin 7o +... to Qn terms = sin [3a + (2n ~ 1) a] sin 2na.cosec a. 3 sin (2n + 2) sin 2na cosec a. Sum the series sin asin 3a+ sin 2asin 4a+ sin Sasin 5a+..2n terms, Solution. Let S be the sum of the series; then 2S =2 sina sin 3a +2 sin 2a sin 4a +2 sin 3a sin 5a +... ton terms = ¢08 2x cos 4a + cos 2a: c08 Ga + C08 2a ~ cos Ba+.... ton terms Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET s Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B 2% z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g 4 s e g aCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES =n cos 2a. — (cos 4a + c08 Ga + cos 8a +... ton terms = n-cos 2a. — cos [4a + (n ~ 1) al] sin na. cosee a 1 $= 5 ens 20-5 00s (n +3) asin na cosee a, Sum the series cos a cos f+ cos 3a cos 2f + cos 5acos 3+... fon terms. Solution. Let S be the sum of series; then 2S = 2 cos «cos f + 2.cos 3a. cos 2 + 2 cos 5a. cos $f +... ton terms. = c0s (—B) +008 (. + f) + cos (3a. + 28) + cos (3a. 28) + cos (5a + 38) +08 (5a. 9) +... ton terms = c08 (a. + B) + ¢08 (3a +28) + (cos 50. + 30+...) .. ton terms + (cos («.— fp) + cos (3a ~ 28) + cos (5a~ 38) +... ton terms _ cosina + /2(n+D]sinn(a+B/2) , eoslna~B/2(n+ DIsinnfa -B/2) sin(a +B/2) sin(a- B/2) sin(a- 4 [» fos(n+ 3) -snb]-[snfome-1(o03}}-nn(-f) (oo) 2sin [a + (B- cos 20)) 0s (2na.+a.+-nf) +.cos (2na—a+ f)(n +1) — c0s (nu + anf) +008 (2n a a—fin +) 4+2sinf /2fsin(a.~f/2)- sina +B/2) mae eos(P—cos2a)] cos(2na~a+B(n +I) +c0s(2na - a.-pin+ 1) ora _f6s8na +a +nB)-+cos(2nf +a -np))+2sinf /22cosusinp /2 2(cos - e082) or 2S 28 = _ 2cos(2na=c) cos(n-+ DB - 2cos(2na. ~- cosee > 2 2 2 1 mn | 2 2 son [oie8 an ae cosee 5 + sin > eos >= 0 cosee >. 3, ar ) 0 49 B 8 ik 200828 cos——9 ——8 (acest DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES BY SL LONEY n4+3, a 2 n+T 0+ 6 +cos"*9 | x cosec = cos" "0+ 008-6 2 in MO og MH g B +7 sin F- cos “= cosee Office.: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph. 0861-2662623, 9636608612, 8507613968, NEWTONC2 R. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 20, If S=sin asin (a+ p)—sin (a+ 28) sin (a+ f) +... to 2n terms. Solution.Let sum of the series is. Then 28 = cos f- cos (2a + B) — cos B + c08 (2a. + 3f) +... ton terms. = (cos (2x + B) — cos (2a. + 3) +... to 2n terms) — (cos (2a + B) +008 (2a + 3 +n) +... to 2n terms) ers (oxen een] x sin n (2B + x) cosee +s) Hens (ax+2np+me-4) sin (2nB + nx) see B ~ sin (2a. + 2nf + nx) sin (2na. + nx) sec B —sin (2a + 2nB) cos nx sin 2nB . cos nx sec B Ss 5 sin (2a + 2nB) sin 2nf sec B, [since cos? n: 21, From the sum of the series sin a+sin 2a+ sin 8+... ton terms, deduce (by making a very small) the sum of the series 1+243+..4m, Solution, To prove sin + sin 2a + sin 30+... tom terms, sia a ail sina/2 Dividing by a, we have sina 2sin2a Ssindx a * oe Now if ais very small, then sina sina. From the results of the example of Art. 19.1 deduce the sum 1+3+5... ton terms. P na Solution. Tp prove sin «+ sin 3a + sin 50: +.... sin (2n~ 1) a= == ™ Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES BY SL LONEYCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES Dividing by a,we get mo Sine sindx |, sina | 9,3) Sin@nc Da _ Cra tng te ORD Ga Da = Sin When ais very small, we have s 1+345...ton terms =n? If a= %, prove that 2 (cos a+ cos 2a+ cos 4a+cos 8a) and 2 (cos 3a+ cos 5+ cos 6a+ cos 7a) are that roots of the equation x* +x-4 2x 7 Wo =2n Now let x, and x be the roots of the equation; then 4, =2 (cosa. + cos 2a + 008 da. + c08 8a); and Hp = 2 (c0s Su + 608 5a+ 008 6a + £08 7a), Now sum of the roots 2,4 X= 2 (cos « + c08 3a + c0s 5a +608 7a + cos Ba + 08 6a + C08 4a + €08 2a) = 2 (cos + 608 3a.+ c08 5a. + 08 Ta + c08 (17-9) a+ cos (17 ~ 11) « +08 (17 - 13) 4+c08(17 ~ 15) 0 = 2 [os a + cos 9a+ cos 5a +c08 6a + cos 9x + ¢08 Ila + cos 13a + cos 150] [since 17a = 2a] .¢0s (17a ~ 9a) = c0s (2n-- 9x) = cos 9a; similarly others can be written Zeos(a+Ta)sin8a 2cos8usin8s _ sinlGx sina sing sina sin(1% ) _ sin(2n—o.) ‘sinc sina, “sing =~ sina ~ Again, the product of the roots, yk =4 (c08 0 + c05 2a + €08 4a: + c0s 82) x (cos Ba + €08 Bat + cos 6x + c08 7a) =4 (cos a + c08 15x + c08 13a. + c08 9a) x (008 34+ c08 5a + ¢08 11a. + c08 7a) = 4 [eos « cos 3a. + 608 « ¢08 5a + c08 a cos 11a +08 « c0s 7a + c08 154 c0s Sa. +008 15a cos La Solution. Given, +008 15a. cos Sa + 008 1501 cos 7a + cos 13a. cos 3a. +005 18a. cos 5a + cos 13a. cos 11a + cos 13a. cos 7a. +008 $a. cos 3a + 08 Gu c08 5a. + coS 9a. cos 11a + cos 9a. c08 Zo] = 2 [eos 4a + cos 20+ cos 6a. + cos 4a + cos 120+ cos 10k + cos 8a. + cos 6a. + cos 18a. + cos 12a + cos 20a + cos 10a + cos 2a. + cos do. + cos 220 + cos 8 + cos 16a. + cos 10a. + cos 180 + cos 8c + cos 24a. + cos 2a. + cos 20a + cos 6a + cos 12a + cos 6a. + cos 14a + cos do. + 08 20a + cos 2a. + cos 16a. + cos 2a) a Z é 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B 2% z $ g @ 2 Z 2 a 3 g 4 8 es 3 és g a Office.: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph. 0861-2662623, 9636608612, 8507613968, NEWTONCR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES = 8 (cos 2a + cos 4a + cos Ga + ... to 8 terms) [since 17a = 2n 34o.= 4m cos 180. = cos 160 and cos 20a = cos 14a]; Beos(2a+6x)sin8a — ScosSasin8a sina oo sine 4sinléx _ 4sin(17a-o) eee ens sina xye= Hence the equation whose roots are x, and x» is given by x?-(-x)+(-4)=0 or x? +x-4=0. ABCD... is aregular polygon ofn sides which is inscribed in acircle, whose centre is O and whose radius is r, and P is any point on the are AB such that POA is 0. Prove that PA. PB+PA.PC+PA.PD +«.+PB.PC +=? eo Fi foseet 2 2n an Solution, Let the radius of circle be r. 2 ZAOB = 2 BOC= « (Say) Qn POA, 2 POB, ... are respectively 8,0+—",... PA Borin POA PB =2r sin (PA+ PB +PC...? = 4r? cosec? = cos? ( o (See Example 4) 2° Qn _ ° ° (PAY + PB? + PC? +...) =r? sin? 2 0 + 47? sin? (S+Z) oa sin? (+2) ena 2 2*n 2m «a[ nt $-2) an 8) : means n =2Pn-O=2r'n, Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONC DETAILED SOLUTIONS TO SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES BY SL LONEYCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES But 2PA. PB +2PA. PC +2PA. PO +1. = (PA+ PB +...)*— (PA? + PB? +...) = 47? cosec? = (5-4) = 41? cosec? ~ cos G mn) ~ 2770 or PA. PB+PA. PC+PA.PO+...= Two regular polygons, each of n sides; are circumscribed to and inscribed in a given circle. If an angular point of one of them be joined to each of the angular points of the other, then the sum of the squares of the straight lines so drawn is to the sum of the areas of the polygons as 2: sin 7 Solution. Let the centre of circle be O. Let the outer polygon by ABCD...and inner polygon A’ B’ CD’... OB=r, OA x r=rsec— n Let the side AB of outer polygon touches the circle K. 24 0K =. x AA? = 124 1'?_2rr' cos (E-«} ae +r? 2rr' cos (=-s) AA? +A B+. =n (+r?) + =n (P4r?)—2rr sinx/n =n(P +r?) -O=n (+r (+. sinx=0) Spr? (14 sec? (From (i) equations] nr2( + aed? x cos +1 n or AAT+A Be. onr?| om Sum of Area of polygons =? Asin? = =F Pain? = ¢ nr? tan = 06 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2662623, 9836608812, 8507613968 NEWTONC s Z é 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B 2% z $ g @ 2 Z 2 a 3 g 4 s e g aR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES ont al cosn/n ent { sinn/n(cos? n/n+ | Dividing equation (ii) by equation (iii), we get cosn/n 2 sinx/neo?’= — sin2® nn Ap Apw-Ag,,1 are the angular points of a regular polygon inscribed in a circle, and O is any point on the circumference between A, and A,,,,; prove that OA, + OAy + + Ogg = OAg + OA un + OAgye Solution. Let the centre be B and radius be r 2x ZA, Bay =; £0 Bay), Z OCA, 1 OA, +0A, +. OApgsy =2r sin a4 2rsin Ge +) +. (n+ 1) terms a (jz pst 1 =2r.sin| 2) Sine 8 cosec 5 8 at 8 and OA, +0A, 40.8, =2rsin 2224 asin (S22 40) «norms 14M) sin {x= 2h cosec 4 2) sin Bf coset 8 4) ain (BEE 1 =2rsin 2 2) snl > Ocosee 5 @ (Putting for x] equations (i) and (ii) are same, so OA, + OAg +... OAggyy = OAy + OA, +... OA, Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET s Z cS 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B z z S g @ 2 Z 2 a S g 4 s e g aCHAPTER - 19 : SOME SIMPLE TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES 27. Ifperpendiculars be drawn on the sides of a regular polygon of n sides from any point on the inscribed circle whose radius is a, prove that 2 2 Bless 2 (2 2 5(2) =3ana? 5(2) Solution. Let the centre of circle be O. Let A, B, C, D...be then sided regular polygon, Let K be the point between A and B. KM and KN are perpendiculars from K on the sides passing through B and C. Let Similarly a) **\a =8n— 4 oo 22-0} nf #0). fs [oo $220 2} +0{® 20} +] 7 an =n -0 +0 since Difference is . See Art 19.3) 1() Again from equations (i), s Z é 8 3 a z 5 a g z a a 4 2 g z £ g Z Z S & z 2g 2 3 =z B 2% z $ g @ 2 Z 2 a 3 g 4 s e g a 06 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2662623, 9836608812, 8507613968 NEWTONCR. K. MALIK’S NEWTON CLASSES 2 2n = 1-3e08(22-a) + eos'(2-a) ~ cos?(2# a) ) Z 6 a a a > 5 g 8 & a 2 g & 3 z 2 6 3 = & a z 2 z $ & @ 2 Z 2 3 $ & s é & a Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi, Ph.; 0861-2662628, 9696608612, 8607619968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET