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  • 3d Shapes Pythagoras Theorem

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    Muhammad Talha
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    The document discusses how to use Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometry in 3D problems. It explains that 3D shapes can often be broken down into 2D shapes using nets or surface area. Pythagoras' theorem can then be applied to right-angled triangles within those 2D shapes. It also discusses using SOHCAHTOA to find missing angles or sides in 3D by identifying right-angled triangles between lines and planes. Working examples are provided to demonstrate solving 3D problems by identifying 2D triangles and applying standard trigonometric rules.

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    The document discusses how to use Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometry in 3D problems. It explains that 3D shapes can often be broken down into 2D shapes using nets or surface area. Pythagoras' theorem can then be applied to right-angled triangles within those 2D shapes. It also discusses using SOHCAHTOA to find missing angles or sides in 3D by identifying right-angled triangles between lines and planes. Working examples are provided to demonstrate solving 3D problems by identifying 2D triangles and applying standard trigonometric rules.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    5 views14 pages

    3d Shapes Pythagoras Theorem

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Talha
    The document discusses how to use Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometry in 3D problems. It explains that 3D shapes can often be broken down into 2D shapes using nets or surface area. Pythagoras' theorem can then be applied to right-angled triangles within those 2D shapes. It also discusses using SOHCAHTOA to find missing angles or sides in 3D by identifying right-angled triangles between lines and planes. Working examples are provided to demonstrate solving 3D problems by identifying 2D triangles and applying standard trigonometric rules.

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    Edexcel IGCSE Maths Your notes

    3D Pythagoras & Trigonometry


    Contents
    3D Pythagoras & Trigonometry

    Page 1 of 14

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    3D Pythagoras & Trigonometry


    Your notes
    3D Pythagoras & Trigonometry
    What are Pythagoras & SOHCAHTOA?
    Pythagoras’ Theorem helps us find missing side lengths of a right-angled triangle
    It is also frequently used for finding the distance (or length) of a line
    SOHCAHTOA is an acronym for the three trigonometric ratios that connect angles (θ) and sides
    (Opposite, Hypotenuse and Adjacent) in a right-angled triangle
    Sine – SOH – sin θ = O ÷ H
    Cosine – CAH – cos θ = A ÷ H
    Tangent – TOA – tan θ = O ÷ A
    How does Pythagoras work in 3D?
    3D shapes can often be broken down into several 2D shapes
    For example nets and surface area
    With Pythagoras’ Theorem problems you will be specifically looking for right‑angled triangles
    The right-angled triangles you need will have two known sides and one unknown side

    Page 2 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 3 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 4 of 14

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    Your notes

    There is a 3D version of the Pythagoras’ Theorem formula


    d 2 = x2 + y 2 + z 2
    However it is usually far easier to see a problem by splitting it into two or more 2D problems

    Page 5 of 14

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    Your notes

    How does SOHCAHTOA work in 3D?


    Again look for a combination of right-angled triangles that would lead to the missing angle or
    side
    The angle you are working with can be awkward in 3D
    The angle between a line and a plane is not obvious
    If unsure, put a point on the line and draw a new line to the plane
    This should create a right-angled triangle

    Page 6 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 7 of 14

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    Your notes

    Once you have your 2D triangle(s) you can begin to solve problems

    Page 8 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 9 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 10 of 14

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    Your notes

    Exam Tip
    Add lines/triangles/etc. to any given diagram to help you see the problem and draw any 2D
    triangles separately as a 3D diagram can get hard to follow

    Page 11 of 14

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    Worked example
    Your notes

    Page 12 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 13 of 14

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    Your notes

    Page 14 of 14

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