PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL (ICSE)

Revision Question Bank (2018-19)

Grade: X Answer Scheme Subject: Physics

UNIT 1 : FORCE, WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

Formulae:
1. W = mg 2. W = F s cos 𝜃𝜃

3. 𝑊𝑊 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 4. 1
P= = = Fv K.E. = mv2
𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡 2
5. P.E. = mgh 6. 𝜏𝜏 = F × Perpendicular distance

7. Load 8. 𝑑𝑑 𝐸𝐸 𝑉𝑉
M.A. = V.R. = = 𝑉𝑉𝐸𝐸
Effort 𝑑𝑑 𝐿𝐿 𝐿𝐿

9. Wi = E × dE, Wo= L × d L,
10. According to the principle of lever
L Effort arm
=
E Load arm
11. Effort arm
M.A. = V.R. =
Load arm
12. For an ideal machine
i. W i = W o OR P i = P o
ii. 𝑊𝑊𝑜𝑜 𝑃𝑃𝑜𝑜
𝜂𝜂 = =
𝑊𝑊𝑖𝑖 𝑃𝑃𝑖𝑖
iii. M.A.
𝜂𝜂 =
V.R.
13. For a single fixed pulley (ideal) MA = VR = 1
For a single movable pulley (ideal) MA = VR = 2
For a frictionless block and tackle system in which weight of the movable block is
negligible, MA = VR = n where n is the total number of pulleys in the system.
If weight of the movable block is w,
w w
MA = n - , VR = n, 𝜂𝜂 =1 -
E nE
14. For an inclined plane (ideal) of length l and height h,
𝑑𝑑 𝐸𝐸 1 1
MA = VR = = = = cosec 𝜃𝜃
𝑑𝑑 𝐿𝐿 ℎ sin 𝜃𝜃
𝐿𝐿
If frictional forces are present, MA =
L sin 𝜃𝜃 + 𝑓𝑓
Numerical Problems:

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 1 of 32

1. A nut is opened by a wrench of length 20 cm. If the least force required is 2 N,
find the moment of force needed to loosen the nut.
ans: Given: F = 2N, moment of arm = 20 cm = 0.2 m
Moment of force needed to loosen the nut by a wrench
=force x moment of arm
=2 N x 0.2 m=0.4 Nm

Ch.1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

2. A boy of mass 30 kg is sitting at a distance of 2 m from the middle of a see-saw.
Where should a boy of mass 40 kg sit so as to balance the see-saw?
ans: Let 40 kg boy sits at a distance of x m from the middle of a see saw.
According to the principle of moment
Anticlockwise moment = Clockwise moment
30 kgf × 2 m = 40 kgf × X

X = 1.5m

Ch.1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

3. The work done by the heart is 1 joule per beat. Calculate the power of the heart
if it beats 72 times in one minute.
ans: Ans. In one beat, work done by heart is 1 joule and in 72 beats work
done will be 72 joules.

𝑾𝑾 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 𝑱𝑱
Power of the heart, P = = =1.2 W
𝒕𝒕 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝒔𝒔

Ch. 2: Work, power and energy

4. A body of mass 50 kg has a momentum of 3000 kg m s-1. Calculate:
(a) the kinetic energy of the body,
ans: 𝑷𝑷𝟐𝟐 (𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑)𝟐𝟐
Kinetic energy, E k = = =90,000 J
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
(b) the velocity of the body.
ans: 𝑷𝑷 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
Velocity of the body, v= = = 60 ms-1
𝒎𝒎 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
Ch. 2: Work, power and energy

5. A horse exerts a pull on a cart of 300 N so that horse cart system moves with a
uniform speed of 18 km/h on a level road. Calculate the power developed by
horse in watt and also find its equivalent in horse power.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 2 of 32

 ans: F = 300 N ; v = 18 kmh-1 =5 m s-1 ; P=?

Power, P = Fv = 300 N x 5 m s-1 = 1500 w (1 hp = 746 W)

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
P= = 2 hp
𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
Ch. 2: Work, power and energy

6. A body moves a distance of 5 m on a smooth horizontal surface under the

influence of a force of 20 N. Calculate the work done by the force when
(a) the force acts along the horizontal surface and
ans: Given: F= 20N; s = 5 m; W= ?
Work done by the force when it acts along the horizontal surface
W = F s = 20 N x 5 m= 100 J
(b) the force acts along a direction at an angle of 60° with the horizontal
surface.
ans: Angle between direction of force and displacement is 60°;
W =?
W=Fs cos 𝜽𝜽 = 20 N X 5 m x cos 60° = 50 J (cos60° = 0.5)
Ch. 2: Work, power and energy

7. A 50 cm uniform ruler is freely pivoted at 15 cm mark which balances

horizontally when an object of weight 40 dyne is hung from the 2 cm mark. Draw
a force diagram of the arrangement and calculate the weight of the ruler. Also
calculate the force with which pivot is pressed.
ans: The figure shows the arrangement of forces.
From the principle of moment,
Anticlockwise moment = Clockwise moment
= w x 10 cm = 40 dyne x 13 cm
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅 × 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄
w= = 52 dyne
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄

Force with which the pivot is pressed = 52 dyne + 40 dyne

= 92 dyne.

Ch.1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

8. Two forces each of magnitude 2 N act vertically upwards and downwards
respectively on the two ends of a uniform rod of length 1m freely pivoted at its

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 3 of 32

 centre. Determine the resultant moment of the forces about the mid-point of the
rod.
ans: The arrangement is shown in the figure

Resultant moment of force about the mid-point of rod

= moment of force (at A about O + at B about O)
=F x OA + F x OB = F X (OA+OB) = F X AB
=2 N x 1 m = 2 Nm (clockwise)
Ch. 1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

9. A uniform metre scale rests horizontally on a knife edge at the 60 cm mark when
a mass of 10 g is suspended from one end. From which end this mass be
suspended? What is the mass of the metre scale?
ans: It is clear from the fig, the weight W of the metre scale acts at the 50
cm mark. The mass of 10 g must be suspended from the other end
i.e., from B.

Since the metre scale is in equilibrium.

According to the principle of moments,
W X (60 - 50) = 10 X (100 - 60)
= W X 10 = 10 X 40
= W = 40 g
Ch. 1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

10. A uniform metre scale of weight 50 g f is balanced at 30 cm mark when weights

of 80 g f and 60 g f act at 5 cm mark and 45 cm mark respectively. What force

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 4 of 32

 must be applied at 20 cm mark to balance the metre scale?

ans: If we take moment about 30 cm mark

Anticlockwise moment = 80 g f x 25 cm = 2000 g f cm Clockwise
moment: 60 g f x 15cm + 50 g f x 20cm
= 1900 g f cm

Here anticlockwise moment > clockwise moment.

Therefore, force at 20 cm mark must act in upward direction to keep
the scale in equilibrium.

Now taking moments about 30 cm mark

Sum of anticlockwise moments = Sum of clockwise moments i.e.
80 g f x 25cm=60 g f x 15 cm+ F x 10 cm+50 g f x 20 cm

= 2000 g f cm = 1900 g f cm + F x 10 cm
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝐠𝐠 𝐟𝐟 𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜
F= = 10 g f
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝐜𝐜𝐜𝐜

Ch. 1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

11. A pulley system has three pulleys. A load of 120 N is overcome by applying an
effort of 50 N. Calculate the Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency of this system.
ans: Given: Load, L = 120 N, Effort, E = 50 N, Mechanical advantage, (MA)
= ?, Velocity ratio (VR) = 3, Efficiency, η =?
𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
M.A. = = = 2.4
𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓
𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀. 𝟐𝟐.𝟒𝟒
η= x 100 = x 100 = 80 %
𝐕𝐕.𝐑𝐑. 𝟑𝟑

Ch 3: Machines
12. A pulley system has a velocity ratio of 4 and an efficiency of 90%. Calculate:
(a) the mechanical advantage of the system.
(b) the effort required to raise a load of 300 N by the system.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 5 of 32

 ans: Given: velocity ratio of a pulley system (VR) = 4
Efficiency of the pulley system (η) = 90%
We know that
𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀.
(a) Efficiency (η) =
𝐕𝐕.𝐑𝐑.
𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀.
90 % =
𝟒𝟒
𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
M.A. = × 4 = 3.6
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

(b) Load, L =300 N, M.A. = 3.6, Effort, E =?

𝐋𝐋 𝐋𝐋 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝐍𝐍
M.A. = , E= = = 83.3 N
𝐄𝐄 𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀. 𝟑𝟑.𝟔𝟔

Ch. 1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

13. A machine is operated by an effort of 80 N acting downward and moving

through a downward displacement of 0.15 m. The load of mass 10 kg, is raised
up by 10 cm. Calculate the M.A., V.R., work input, useful work output and
efficiency. [Take a =10 ms-2 ]
ans: Given :

E = 80 N, d E = 0.15 m, g = 10 ms-2

L = 10 x 10 =100 N, d L = 10 cm = 0.10 m,
M.A. =?, V.R. = 1, work input =?, work output =?

By definition,
𝐋𝐋 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
M.A. = = = 1.25
𝐄𝐄 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖

𝒅𝒅𝑬𝑬 𝟎𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
V.R. = = = 1.5
𝒅𝒅𝒍𝒍 𝟎𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

Work input = E x d E = 80 N x 0.15 m = = 12 J

Useful work output = L x d L =100 N x 0.10 m = 10 J
Efficiency
𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎𝐎 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
η= = = 0.833 = 83.3 %
𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈𝐈 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

Ch .3: Machines

14. The height of a new truck is 1.5 m. A drum of 200 kg mass is to be lifted on it
using an inclined plane. The effort applied is 1500 N parallel to the plank and the

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 6 of 32

 force of friction is 250 N. Calculate: (a) the MA. (b) V.R. and (c) 𝜂𝜂 of the plank as a
machine as an inclined plane (d) the length of the plank.
ans: Here, L = 200 kg wt., E = 1500 N, Resistance R = 250 N
𝐋𝐋 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝐱𝐱 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Mechanical advantage = = = 1.33
𝐄𝐄 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

When load is being lifted without acceleration

P= mg sin 𝜽𝜽 + F
1500 = 200 x 10 x sin 𝜽𝜽 +250
2000 sin 𝜽𝜽 = 1250
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
sin 𝜽𝜽 = = 0.625
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

if V.R. is the velocity ratio of the inclined plane,

𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
V.R. = = = 1.6
𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝛉𝛉 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀. 𝟏𝟏.𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
% 𝜼𝜼 is given by = x 100 = x 100
𝐕𝐕.𝐑𝐑. 𝟏𝟏.𝟔𝟔
= 83.33 %
Also, from the fig,
𝟏𝟏 𝒍𝒍
=
𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬𝐬 𝛉𝛉 𝐡𝐡
𝒍𝒍
1.6 =
𝟏𝟏.𝟓𝟓
𝒍𝒍 = 1.6 x 1.5 = 2.4 m
Ch .3: Machines

15. Find the mechanical advantage of the given arrangement of four pulleys.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 7 of 32

 ans: Let T be the common value of tension in all the parts of the string.
This must be equal to E, the applied effort. Since a total 4 of these
tensions support the load, we have 4 E = L ( T = E)

𝐋𝐋 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
Mechanical advantage = = =4
𝐄𝐄 𝐄𝐄
Ch. 3: Machines

16. A ball of mass 15 g falls from a height of 4 m. It rebounds from the ground to a
height of 3 m. Find.
(a) the initial potential energy of the ball
ans: Given m=15 g = 0.015 kg, h=4m, g=9.8 ms-2 h’=3 m.

Initial potential energy of the ball

= mgh = 0.015 x 9.8 x 4 = 0.588 J
(b) the kinetic energy of the ball just before striking the ground,
ans: Kinetic energy of the ball just before striking the ground = Initial
potential energy of the ball = 0.588 J.
(c) the kinetic energy of the ball after striking the ground, and
ans: Kinetic energy of the ball after striking the ground = Potential
energy of ball at the highest point after rebound.
= mgh’ = 0.015 x 9.8 x 3 = 0.441 J
(d) the loss in kinetic energy on striking the ground.
Take g = 9.8 ms-2
ans: Loss in kinetic energy on stn'king the ground = Initial kinetic energy
Final kinetic energy = 0.588 J - 0.441 J = 0.147 J
Ch. 2: work, energy and power

17. A simple pendulum, While oscillating, rises to a maximum vertical height of 5 cm

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 8 of 32

 from its position when it reaches to its extreme position on one side. If mass of
the bob of Simple pendulum is 500 g and g = 10 ms-2, find
(a) the total energy of simple Pendulum at any instant while oscillating,
ans: Given, h = 5 cm = 0.05 m, m = 500 g = 0.5 kg, g = 10 ms-2
Total energy of simple pendulum
= potential energy at its extreme position
= mgh = 0.5 x 10 x 0.05 = 0.25 J
(b) the velocity of bob at its mean position.
Kinetic energy at the mean position = potential energy at the
extreme position
𝟏𝟏
i.e. 𝟐𝟐 mv2 = mgh
v= �𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 = √𝟐𝟐 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑿𝑿 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 = √𝟏𝟏
v=1 ms-1
Ch. 2: work, energy and power

18. The diagram below shows a lever in use.

(a) To which class of lever does it belong? Give one example of this class.
ans: The fulcrum F is in between the load and the effort, so it is a class I
lever. A pair of pliers is an example of this class.
(b) (i) State the principle of moments as applied to the above lever,
(ii) calculate its mechanical advantage if AB = 2.0 m and FA=20 cm.
ans: (i) By the principle of moments, Load x FA = Effort x FB
(ii) Given :AB = 2.0 m, FA = 20 cm = 0.2 m,
FB = AB -FA = 2.0 -0.2=1.8m.
𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞 𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅
Mechanical advantage =
𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋 𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 𝐅𝐅𝐅𝐅
𝟏𝟏.𝟖𝟖
= =9
𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐
(c) Calculate the effort needed to lift the load.
ans: load = 18 kg f, M.A. = 9
𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋
Since Mechanical advantage =
𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞𝐞
𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋𝐋 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Effort = = 𝟗𝟗 = 2 kg f
𝐌𝐌.𝐀𝐀.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 9 of 32

 Ch. 3: Machines

19. The diagram shows the combination of two pulleys P 1 and P 2 used to lift up a
load W.

(a) State the kind of pulleys P 1 and P 2 .

ans: P 1 is the movable pulley while P 2 is the fixed pulley.
(b) State the function of I the pulley P 2 .
ans: The fixed pulley P 2 is used to change the direction of effort to be
applied, from upward direction to downward direction.
(c) If the free end C of the string moves through a distance x, by what
distance is the load W raised?
ans: If the free end C of the string moves through a distance x, the load
W will rise by a distance x/2.
(d) What effort E has to be applied at C to just raise the load
W = 20 kg f ? Neglect both the weight of the pulley P1 and the friction.
ans: Given W = 20 kg f, E = ? In equilibrium, W = 2T and E = T
𝐖𝐖 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝐤𝐤𝐤𝐤 𝐟𝐟
Effort needed E = = = 10 kg f
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
Ch. 3: Machines

20. A uniform metre scale can be balanced at 70 cm mark when a mass of 0.05 kg is
hung from the 94.0 cm mark. Draw a diagram of arrangement and Find the mass
of the metre scale.
ans:

As the given metre scale is a uniform scale. So its centre of gravity

lies at 50 cm. Let mass of the metre scale be m kg.
Anticlockwise moment about O = clockwise moment about O

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 10 of 32

 By principle of moments,
m x g x (0.70 – 0.50) = 0.05 × g x (0.94 – 0.70)
𝟎𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 × 𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
m= = 0.06 kg
𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Ch. 1: Forces: Turning Forces and Uniform Circular Motion

UNIT 2 : LIGHT

Formulae:
1. 𝑐𝑐 2. 𝜇𝜇 2 𝑉𝑉𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣
μ=
𝑣𝑣
=
𝜇𝜇 1 𝑉𝑉 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
3. sin 𝑖𝑖 4. 1
μ= μ=
sin 𝑟𝑟 sin 𝑐𝑐
5. Real depth 6. δ=i+e−A
μ=
Apperent depth
7. 1 8. 1 1 1
P=
𝑓𝑓 (in metre )
- = 𝑓𝑓
𝑣𝑣 𝑢𝑢

Numerical problems:

1. The refractive index of glass is 3/2. What is the critical angle for glass air surface?
(sin 420 = 2/3)
ans: 𝝁𝝁 =
𝟑𝟑
𝟐𝟐
If sin i c is the critical angle
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
sin i c = = =
𝝁𝝁 𝟑𝟑/𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑
sin i c = sin 420 (sin 420 = 2/3)
i c = 420
Ch.4: Refraction of Light
2. Red light of wavelength 6600 A.U. travelling in air gets refracted in water.
If the speed of light in air is 3 x 108 ms-1 and refractive index of water is
4/3, find
(a) the frequency of light in air
Given, 𝝀𝝀𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 = 66OO A.U. = 6600 X 10-10 m,
c = 3 X 108 ms-1, 𝝁𝝁 = 4/3
From relation v = 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟
𝐜𝐜
Frequency of light in 𝐟𝐟𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 =
𝛌𝛌𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 11 of 32

 𝟑𝟑 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟖
= = 4.54 x 1014 Hz
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏−𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
(b) the speed of light in water
𝑪𝑪
From relation 𝝀𝝀 = 𝒇𝒇
𝟖𝟖
𝑪𝑪 𝟑𝟑 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Speed of light in water v = 𝝁𝝁 = =2.25 X 108 ms-1
𝟒𝟒/𝟑𝟑

(c) the wavelength of light in water.

Since the frequency of light remain unchanged in the refraction,
𝒇𝒇𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 = 𝐟𝐟𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚𝐚 =4.54 x 1014 Hz
Now speed of light v= 𝒇𝒇𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝐱𝐱 𝝀𝝀𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘
𝐯𝐯 𝟖𝟖
𝟐𝟐.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝝀𝝀𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 = = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 = 4.956 x 10-7 m
𝒇𝒇𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝟒𝟒.𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝑿𝑿 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

3. A coin appears raised by 8.0 mm when placed under the rectangular glass block
of refractive index 1.5. find the thickness of the glass block.
ans: Let the thickness of the glass block t mm.
Apparent depth of the postage stamp = (t - 8)
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈 𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
Refractive index of glass =
𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨𝑨 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈 𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃
𝒕𝒕
1.5 =
𝒕𝒕−𝟖𝟖
1.5 t – 12 = t
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
t= = 24 mm = 2.4 cm
𝟎𝟎.𝟓𝟓
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

4. A light ray enters a liquid at an angle of incidence 45° and it gets refracted in
liquid at angle of refraction 30°. Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.
ans: 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒊 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕
𝝁𝝁 = = = = 1.4
𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒓𝒓 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝟎𝟎.𝟓𝟓
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

5. An object of height 4-0 cm is placed at a distance 24 cm in front of a convex lens

of focal length 8 cm. (a) Find the position and size of the image. (b) State the
characteristics of the image.
ans: Given : O = 4.0 cm (positive), u = 24 cm (negative),
f= 8 cm (positive)

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 12 of 32

 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
(a) From relation - = 𝒇𝒇
𝒗𝒗 𝒖𝒖
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
- =
𝒗𝒗 −𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟖𝟖
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 , v = 12 cm
𝒗𝒗

or v = 12 cm The image is at distance 12 cm behind the lens.

𝐈𝐈 𝒗𝒗
From relation 𝐎𝐎 =
𝒖𝒖
𝐈𝐈 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
=
𝟒𝟒.𝟎𝟎 −𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
I = - 2cm
Thus the image is inverted of size 2 cm.

(b) Characteristics of the image : The image is real, inverted and

diminished (size 2.0 cm).

Ch.4: Refraction of Light

6. The focal length of a camera lens is 20 cm. Find how far away from the film must
the lens be set in order to photograph an object located at a distance 100 cm
from the lens.
Given : f = 20cm (positive), u = 100 cm (negative)
f= 8 cm (positive)
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
(a) From relation - = 𝒇𝒇
𝒗𝒗 𝒖𝒖
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
- =
𝒗𝒗 −𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 , v = 25 cm
𝒗𝒗

Thus the lens must be set at a distance 25 cm from the film towards
the object.
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

7. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm in front of a concave lens of focal

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 13 of 32

 length 10 cm. Find:
(a) the position of image
ans: Given : u = 10 cm (negative); f = 10 cm (negative)
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
From relation - = 𝒇𝒇
𝒗𝒗 𝒖𝒖
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
- =
𝒗𝒗 −𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 −𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
=−
𝒗𝒗 𝟓𝟓
v= -5 cm
Thus the image is formed at a distance 5 cm in front of the lens.
(b) the size of image in relation to the object.
ans: 𝐈𝐈 𝒗𝒗
From relation 𝐎𝐎 =
𝒖𝒖
𝐈𝐈 −𝟓𝟓 𝟏𝟏
= =
𝐎𝐎 −𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
Thus the size of image is half the size of object.
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

8. The focal length of convex lens is 25 cm. Calculate the power of the lens.
ans: Focal length = 25 cm = 0.25 m
Power of lens
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
P= = =4D
𝐟𝐟 𝟎𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

9. The power of the lens of a myopic person is – 2.75 D. Calculate the focal length
of the lens.
ans: Power – 2.75 D indicates that lens is concave.
𝟏𝟏
P= =
𝐟𝐟
𝟏𝟏
- 2.75 =
𝐟𝐟
𝟏𝟏
f= = - 0.36 m
– 𝟐𝟐.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕

Ch.4: Refraction of Light

10. Draw a ray diagram to show the refraction of a monochromatic ray through a

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 14 of 32

 prism when it suffers minimum deviation.
ans: The ray diagram is as shown below :

11. A ray of light travels from water to air as shown in the diagram given below:

(a) Copy the diagram and complete the path of the ray. Given the critical
angle for water is 48°.
ans:

(b) State the condition so that total internal reflection occurs in the above
diagram.
ans: The angle of incidence should be greater than the critical angle.

12. The diagram below shows a point source P inside a water container. Four rays A,

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 15 of 32

 B, C, D starting from the source P are shown upto the water surface.

(a) Show in the diagram the path of these rays after striking the water
surface. The critical angle for water air surface is 48°.
ans:

(b) Name the phenomenon which the rays B and D exhibit.

ans: Ray B – refraction, ray D total internal reflection.
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

13. A ray of monochromatic light enters a liquid as shown in the diagram Angle of
incidence is 450 and the angle of refraction is 300.

(a) Show in the diagram the path of the ray after it strikes the mirror and
goes into air.
(b) Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 16 of 32

 ans:

ans: Refractive index of liquid

𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒊 𝟏𝟏/√𝟐𝟐
𝝁𝝁 = = = 1.414
𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔 𝒓𝒓 𝟏𝟏/𝟐𝟐
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

14. Copy the diagram given below and complete the path of light my till it emerges
out of the prism. The critical angle of glass is 42°. In your diagram mark the
angles wherever necessary.

ans: The diagram is as shown:

Ch.4: Refraction of Light

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 17 of 32

15. An object AB is placed in front of a convex lens as shown below. Copy the
diagram and complete it to show the refraction of two rays emerging from the
point B.
Indicate the position and nature of the image formed.

ans:

The image is formed on the same side as the object. It is virtual,

erect and magnified.
Ch.4: Refraction of Light

16. (i) Where an object should be placed so that a real and inverted image of the
same size as the object is obtained using a convex lens?
(ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image as specified in the
part (i)
ans: (i) At 2F.
(ii) The ray diagram is as shown below :

Ch.4: Refraction of Light

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 18 of 32

17. A lens forms an upright and diminished image of an object when the object 'is
placed at the focal point of the given lens.
(i) Name the lens.
(ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation.

ans: (i) Concave lens.

(ii) The diagram is as shown below :

Ch.4: Refraction of Light

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 19 of 32

 UNIT 3 : SOUND
Formulae :
1. v = 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 2. 2 × 𝑑𝑑
𝑣𝑣 =
t
3. Lf = constant 4. loudness α (amplitude)2
𝐿𝐿1 𝑓𝑓1 = 𝐿𝐿2 𝑓𝑓2

Numerical problems :

1. An ultrasonic wave sent from a ship towards the bottom of the sea. It is found
that the time interval between the sending and the receiving of the wave is 1.5
second. Calculate the depth of the sea if the velocity of sound in sea water is
1400 ms-1.
ans: 𝐯𝐯 × 𝐭𝐭 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 × 𝟏𝟏.𝟓𝟓
Depth of the sea, d= = =1050 m
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
Ch.7: Sound

2. Radar sends a signal to an aeroplane at a distance 45 km away with a speed of 3

x 108 ms-1. After how long is the signal received back from the aeroplane?
ans: 𝟐𝟐 × 𝒅𝒅
𝒗𝒗 =
𝐭𝐭
𝟐𝟐 × 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 × 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
t= = 3 × 10-4 s
𝟑𝟑× 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟖𝟖
Ch.7: Sound

3. A man standing between two cliffs produces a sound and hears two successive
echoes at intervals of 3 s and 4 s respectively. Calculate the distance between the
two cliffs. The speed of sound in the air is 330 ms-1.
ans: Distance of the man from nearer cliff,
𝒗𝒗 × 𝐭𝐭 𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 × 𝟑𝟑
d1= = =495 m
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
Distance of the man from another cliff
𝒗𝒗 × 𝐭𝐭 𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 × 𝟒𝟒
d2= = =660 m
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
total distance between two cliffs
d = d 1 + d 2 = 495+660 = 1155 m
Ch.7: Sound

4. A longitudinal wave of wavelength 1 cm travels in air with a speed of 330 ms-1.

Calculate the frequency of the wave. Can this wave be heard by a normal human
being.

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 20 of 32

 ans: Given : =𝝀𝝀 =1 cm = 0.01 m
v= 330 ms-1
Using v = 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇 ,we have
𝒗𝒗 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝒇𝒇= = =33000 Hz
𝝀𝝀 𝟎𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
No, this cannot be heard by a normal human being.

5. A certain sound has a frequency of 256 hertz and a wavelength of 1.3 m.

Calculate the speed with which this sound travels. What difference would be felt
by a listener between this sound and another sound travelling at the same speed
but of wavelength 2.6 m?
ans: (i) Given: f= 256 Hz, 𝛌𝛌 = 1.3 m, v = ?
v = 𝐟𝐟𝐟𝐟 = 256 X 1.3 =332. 8 ms-1
(ii) In the second case, f = (332.8/2.6) = 128 Hz
(iii) This frequency is half the original frequency; therefore, the
sound will be flatter or less shrill than the original sound.
Ch.7: Sound

6.
(a) A wire of length 80 cm has a frequency of 256 Hz. Calculate the length
of a similar wire under similar tension, which will have frequency 1024
Hz.
Given :
L 1 =; 80 cm, f 1 = 256 Hz, L 2 =?, f 2 = 1024 HZ

We know that for a vibrating string

Lf = constant. Therefore, we have

𝑳𝑳𝟏𝟏 𝒇𝒇𝟏𝟏 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝑿𝑿 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
L 2 = 𝒇𝒇 = = 20 m
𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
(b) A certain sound has a frequency of 256 hertz and a wavelength of 1.3
m.
(1) Calculate the speed with which this sound travels.
(2) What difference would be felt by a listener between the above sound
and another sound travelling at the same speed, but of wavelength 2.6
m?
(1) f = 256 Hz, 𝝀𝝀=1.3 m, v =?.
Using v = 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇, We have
V = 256 x 1.3 = 332.8 m s-1

(2) He will hear a dull sound as the frequency of the sound wave of
wavelength 2.6 m will be half the frequency (256 / 2 = 128 Hz) of

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 21 of 32

 the sound of wavelength 1.3 m.

Ch.7: Sound

7. The following figure shows three different modes of vibration of a string of

length.

(a) Which of the vibration is of largest amplitude?

ans: The vibration in Fig. (b) is of largest amplitude.
(b) Which of the vibration is of least frequency?
ans: The vibration in fig (c) is of the least frequency.
(c) What is the ratio of frequency between (a) and (c)?
ans: If the frequency of the principal note in fig (c) is f
thus f a = 3f and f c = f ratio of frequency between (a) and (c)
fa : fc = 3 : 1
(d) What is the ratio of wavelength between (b) and (a)
ans: 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝒂𝒂
𝒍𝒍 = 𝒃𝒃 =
𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟐
∴ 𝝀𝝀𝒂𝒂 : 𝝀𝝀𝒃𝒃 =3:2
Ch.7: Sound

8. The ratio of amplitude of two waves is 3:4 find the ratio of their (i) loudness and
(ii) pitch.
ans: Given a 1 : a 2 = 3 : 4
(i) since loudness 𝛂𝛂 (amplitude)2
𝑳𝑳𝟏𝟏 𝒂𝒂𝟏𝟏 2 𝟑𝟑 2
= � � = � � = 9 : 16
𝑳𝑳𝟐𝟐 𝒂𝒂𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒
P P

(ii) the pitch of the sound does not depend on its amplitude , so
ratio of pitch f 1 : f 2 = 1 : 1
Ch.7: Sound

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 22 of 32

 UNIT 4 : ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Formulae:
1. V = IR 2. R s = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 +....+ R n
3. 1 1 1 1 1 4. E–v=Ir
= + + +....+
Rp R1 R2 R3 Rn

5. W V2 6. P= IV
P= = R
t

7. H = I2 R t 8. 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
𝜌𝜌 =
𝑙𝑙

9. Energy consumed = P x t 10. E= I (R+r)

Numerical Problems :

1. Calculate the equivalent resistance of the combination shown in the figure.

ans: Resistance 6 ohm and 3 ohm are in parallel.

Therefore, we have
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= +
𝐑𝐑 𝐩𝐩 𝐑𝐑 𝟐𝟐 𝐑𝐑 𝟑𝟑
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟔𝟔+𝟑𝟑 𝟗𝟗 𝟏𝟏
= + = = =
𝐑𝐑 𝐩𝐩 𝟑𝟑 𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔 𝐱𝐱 𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐
𝐑𝐑 𝐩𝐩 = 2 Ω
Now 𝐑𝐑 𝟏𝟏 and 𝐑𝐑 𝐩𝐩 are in series
∴R=2Ω+2Ω=4Ω
The equivalent resistance of the circuit is 4 Ω.
Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 23 of 32

2. The potential difference between the terminals of a cell in an open circuit was 2.2
V and when it was connected through a resistance of 5 ohm, the potential
difference fell to 1.8 V. Find the internal resistance of the cell.
ans: Given: E=2.2 V, R=5 ohm, V=1.8 V and r =?
V= IR
𝟏𝟏.𝟖𝟖
I= = 0.36 A
𝟓𝟓
E–v=Ir
2.2 – 1.8 = 0.36 x r
0.4 = 0.36 r
𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟒
r= = 1.11 Ω
𝟎𝟎.𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

3. Find the current flowing in the circuit shown in the figure.

ans: Total resistance R in the circuit = R 1 + 𝐑𝐑′ of parallel combination of

R 2 and R 3 +𝐑𝐑′′ of parallel combination of R 4 and R 5.
𝐑𝐑′ is given by
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= + = + =
𝐑𝐑′ 𝐑𝐑 𝟐𝟐 𝐑𝐑 𝟑𝟑 𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐
R’= 2 Ω
𝐑𝐑′ ′ is given by
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
= + = + =
𝐑𝐑′′ 𝐑𝐑 𝟒𝟒 𝐑𝐑 𝟓𝟓 𝟓𝟓 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟒𝟒
R’’= 4 Ω 1 mark
Total resistance in the circuit R = R 1 + R’+ R’’ = 2+2+4 = 8 Ω
𝐕𝐕 𝟖𝟖
Current flowing in the circuit, i = = = 1 A
𝐑𝐑 𝟖𝟖
Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 24 of 32

4. An electrical appliance is rated 1500 W, 250 V. This appliance is connected to 250
V mains
Calculate:
(a) the current drawn.
(b) the electrical energy consumed in 60 hours.
(c) the cost of electrical energy consumed at 2.50 rupees per kW h.
ans: Given: P = 1500 W
operating voltage V = 250 V

𝐏𝐏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Current drawn i = = =6A
𝐕𝐕 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

(b) Electrical energy consumed in 60 hours

𝐏𝐏 𝐱𝐱 𝐭𝐭
= kW h
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝐖𝐖 𝐱𝐱 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝐡𝐡
= =90 kW h
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏

(c) Cost of electrical energy consumed at 2.50 rupees per kW h = 90

kW h x 2.50 = 225 rupees
Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

5. An electric bulb draws 24 W when connected to a 12 V supply. Find the power if

it is connected to a 9 V supply.
ans: Given P = 24 W, V = 12 V, R =?
We know that’
𝐕𝐕 𝟐𝟐
P=
𝐑𝐑
𝐕𝐕 𝟐𝟐
(𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏)𝟐𝟐
R= = =6Ω
𝐏𝐏 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

If V = 9 V, R= 6 Ω ,P=?
𝐕𝐕 𝟐𝟐(𝟗𝟗)𝟐𝟐
P= = = 13.5 W
𝐑𝐑 𝟔𝟔
Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 25 of 32

6. Calculate the quantity of the heat that will be produced in the coil of resistance
75 Ω, if a current of 2 A is passed through it for 2 minutes.
ans: Here, R = 75 Ω, I = 2 A
t= 2 minutes = 2 x 60 = 120 s
Now, heat produced
H = I2 Rt
= 2 x 2 x 75 x 120
= 36000 J
Ch.8: Electric Energy, Power and House hold circuit

7. An electrical heater is rated 4 KW, 220 V. Calculate:

(a) The current
ans: Given : power P = 4 KW, V = 220 V, t = 2 h
𝐏𝐏 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Current I = = = = 18.2 A
𝐕𝐕 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
(b) Resistance of heater
ans: 𝐑𝐑 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
Resistance R = = = = 12.1 Ω
𝐈𝐈 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏.𝟐𝟐
(c) Energy consumed in 2 hrs.
ans: Energy consumed = V x I x t
= 220 x 18.2 x 2
= 8000 = 8 KWh
(d) Total cost if 1 KW h is charged at 1.50 rupees.
ans: Total cost= 8 x 1.50 = 12 rupees
Ch.8: Electric Energy, Power and House hold circuit

8. The resistance of a wire of length 60 cm and uniform area of cross section

0.015 cm2 ,is found to be 0.75 Ω. Calculate the specific resistance of wire.
ans: Given : 𝐥𝐥 = 60 cm, a= 0.015 cm2 , R = 0.75 Ω
We know that
𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹
𝝆𝝆 =
𝒍𝒍
𝟎𝟎.𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 × 𝟎𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
= = 1.875 × 10-4 Ωcm
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔

Ch. 8: Electric Circuits, Resistance and Ohm’s law

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 26 of 32

 UNIT 5 : HEAT

Formulae :
1. Q=m c ∆T 2. Heat capacity = mc
3. M 1 c 1 ( T 1 - T) = m 2 c 2 (T- T 2 ) 4. Q = mL

Numerical Problems :

1. How much heat energy is required to heat 1 kg of water at 20°C to 100°C?

ans: Given : Mass of the water (m) = 1 kg,
Specific heat capacity of the water c = 4200 J kg-1 °C-1
Rise in temperature of the water (∆T) = (100 - 20)= 80 °C
Therefore, heat energy required Q=m c ∆T
= 1 × 4200 × 80 = 336000 J
Ch.4: Calorimetry

2. A hot solid of mass 60 g at 100 °C is placed in 150 g of water at 20 °C. The final
steady temperature recorded is 25 °C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the
solid.
[Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 °C-1]
ans: According to the principle of calorimetry
Heat lost by hot solid = Heat gained by water
60g × c × (100-25)°C = 150 g × 4.2 J g-1°C-1 × (25-20)°C _

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 × 𝟒𝟒.𝟐𝟐 × 𝟓𝟓
c= J g-1°C-1 = 0.7 J g-1°C-1
𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 × 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
Ch.4: Calorimetry

3. 200 g of hot water at 80 °C is added to 300g of cold water at 10 °C. Calculate the
final temperature of the mixture of water. Consider the heat taken by the
container to be negligible. [Specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 °C-1]
ans: Let the final temperature of the mixture be x.
According to the principle of mixture
Heat lost by a body = Heat gained by a body
200 × c × (80-x) = 300 × c × (x-10)
16000 -200 x = 300 x - 3000
19000 = 500x
x=38°C

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 27 of 32

 Ch.4: Calorimetry

4. Some hot water was added to three times its mass of cold water at 10 °C and the
resulting temperature was found to be 20 °C. What was the temperature of the
hot water?
ans: Let the mass of hot water be m and temperature of hot water be 𝜽𝜽 ,
Mass of cold water = 3 m
According to principle of mixtures
Heat lost by hot water = Heat gained by cold water
m × c (𝜽𝜽 - 20) = 3 m × c (20 -10)
𝜽𝜽 - 20 = 30
𝜽𝜽 =50°C
Ch.4: Calorimetry

5. A block of lead mass 250 g at 27 °C was heated in a furnace till it completely

melted. Find the quantity of heat required:
(a) to bring the block to melting point
(b) to completely melt the block at its melting point.
(melting pt. of lead = 327 °C, specific heat capacity = 0.13 J/g K, specific latent
heat of fusion 26 J/g)
ans: (a) Heat required to raise the temperature of lead to
327 °C
= mc ∆t
= 250 g × 0.13 J/g K × 300 K=
= 9,750 J
(b) Heat required to melt the lead block at 327 °C
= mL
= 250 g × 26 J/g
= 6500 J
Ch.4: Calorimetry

6. The temperature of 150 g of water at 60°C is lowered to 5°C by adding certain

amount of ice to it. Find the mass of ice added.
[Given: Specific heat capacity of water : 4200 J kg-1 °C-1and Specific latent heat of
ice 336000 J kg-1 ]
ans: Given : mass of ice = m g
Mass of water = 150 g
Initial temperature of water 60 °C

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 28 of 32

 Let the final temperature of the mixture = 5 °C
The latent heat required to change m g of ice at 0 °C to m g of
water at 0 °C
= mL
= m × 336 = 336 m J
Now heat required to change m g of water at 0 °C to 5 °C
= m × 4.2 × (5 - 0) J = 21 m J
Now heat lost by 150 g of water to reach 5 °C from 60 °C
= 150 × 4.2 × (60 - 5) =34650 J
By principle of calorimetry
Heat lost = Heat gained
336 m + 21 m = 34650
357 m = 34650
m = 97.05 g
Ch.4: Calorimetry

7. A certain quantity of ice at -10°C is heated till it changes into steam at 100°C.
Draw a time-temperature heating curve to represent it. Label the two phase
changes in your graph.

Ch.4: Calorimetry

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 29 of 32

8. A piece of ice at 10°C is heated at a constant rate. The variation of temperature
with heat input is shown in the graph below:
(i) What is represented by AB and CD?
(ii) What conclusion can you draw regarding the nature of ice from the given
graph?

ans: (i) AB corresponds to the time interval in which ice is melting to

form water. CD corresponds to the time interval in which water (at
100°C) boils to form water vapour (steam) at 100°C.
(ii) The ice is pure since it melts at 0°C. The ice is initially at 10°C. It
may have been formed under high pressure.
Ch.4: Calorimetry

9. The graph represents a cooling curve for a substance being cooled from higher
temperature to a lower temperature.
(i) What is the boiling point of the substance?
(ii) What happens in the region DE?
(iii) Why is region DE shorter than the region BC?

ans: (i) The boiling point of the substance is 150°C.

(ii) In the region DE, the substance undergoes a change of state
from liquid to solid phase. .

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 30 of 32

 (iii) The region DE is shorter than the region BC because the latent
heat of fusion is much less than the latent heat 0f vaporisation.
Ch.4: Calorimetry

10. A bucket contains 8 kg of water at 25°C. 2 kg of water at 80°C "is poured into it.
Neglecting the heat absorbed by the bucket, calculate the final temperature of
the water.
ans: Let final temperature of water be T °C
Heat lost by the hot water = 2 × c × (80 - T)
Heat gained by the cold water = 8 × c × (T - 25)
Where c is the specific heat capacity of water. Neglecting the heat
absorbed by the bucket,
By the principle of calorimetry, we have
Heat lost by the hot water = Heat gained by the cold water
2 × c × (80-T) = 8 × c × (T - 25)
2( 80- T) = 8 (T- 25)
10 T = 360
T =36°C
Ch.4: Calorimetry

IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 31 of 32

 UNIT 5 : MODERN PHYSICS

1. A certain nucleus X has a mass number 14 and atomic number 6. The nucleus X
changes to 147 Y after the loss of a particle.
(a) Name the particle emitted.
(b) Represent this change in the form of an equation.
ans: (a) 𝛃𝛃 -particle is emitted.

(b) The required equation is as shown below.

𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝟎𝟎
𝟔𝟔 𝑿𝑿 𝟕𝟕 𝒀𝒀 + −𝟏𝟏 𝒆𝒆
Ch.11: Nuclear Physics

2. Copy and complete the following nuclear equations by filling the correct value in
the blanks.

…. ….
238
P ….𝑄𝑄 …. 𝑅𝑅
92
𝛼𝛼 - radiation 𝛽𝛽 - radiation

ans:
234 234
90𝑄𝑄 𝑅𝑅
238
92 P 91
𝛼𝛼 - radiation 𝛽𝛽 - radiation
Ch.11: Nuclear Physics
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IC/X/1819 Revision Question Bank Page 32 of 32