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Department of Mathematics
Group List No.
Calculus II
MidTerm 1
Code : Math 120 Last Name :
Acad. Year : 2004-2005
Name : Student No. :
Semester : Spring
Instructor : Department : Section :
Signature :
Date : April 2nd,2005
Time : 09:30 5 QUESTIONS ON 6 PAGES
Duration : 120 minutes TOTAL 50 POINTS
1 2 3 4 5
SOLUTION KEY
Question 1 (10 points) Find the radius of convergence and interval of convergence
Z
X1
( 3)n xn
of the series p .
n+1
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n=0
Solution:
p r
| an+1 | 3n+1 | x |n+1 n+1 n+1
lim = lim p · n = 3 | x | lim =3|x|.
n!1 | an | n!1 n+2 3 | x |n n!1 n+2
If x = 1/3:
X1 X1
( 1)n 3n ( 1)n
p = p .
n=0
n + 1 3n n=0
n+1
( 1)n
an = p
n+1
is alternating,
Muh
• p1
n+1
> 0,
( 1)n
• limn!1 an = limn!1 p
n+1
= 0,
p q
|an+1 |
• |an | = pn+1
n+2
= n+1
n+2 < 1, so | an | is decreasing.
If x = 1/3:
1
X X1
( 3)n 1
p = p .
n=0
n + 1 ( 3)n
n=0
n+1
1
X 1
is divergent by p test, so the above series is divergent by limit comparison.
n=1
n1/2
Solution:
Since
1
X
1
= ( 1)n xn for all | x |< 1,
1 + x n=0
we have;
X1
1
Z
= ( 1)n xnk .
1 + xk n=0
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b)Use the series in part (a), to expand g(x) = x arctan(x) in powers of x.
Solution:
Z Z 1
xX 1
X
x
1 x2n+2
g(x) = x arctan x = x du = x ( 1)n u2n du = ( 1)n for all | x |< 1.
0 1 + u2 0 n=0 n=0
2n + 1
iddin
p p
c)Find the expansion of h(x) = x + 1 arctan( x + 1) around a = 1. Indicate the interval
of convergence.
Solution:
1 ⇥ ⇤2n+2 1
p p X (x + 1)1/2 X ( 1)n (x + 1)n+1
h(x) = x + 1 arctan x + 1 = ( 1)n = for all | x + 1 |< 1.
n=0
2n + 1 n=0
2n + 1
Muh
Question 3 (9 points) Determine whether the followings are convergent or divergent.
Show tour work.
X1
(n!)2
a)
n=0
(2n)!
Solution:
(n!)2
We apply ratio test, with an = :
(2n)!
Z
1
X 1
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b)
n=0
2 + 3n
Solution:
We have;
1 1 1 n
0 n = .
2+3 n 3 3
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P1 1 n
n=0 3 is a geometric series with r = 1/3, so it is convergent.
P1
Therefore, by comparison test, 1
n=0 2+3n is convergent.
1 1
c)Approximate with an error less than .
e 119
Muh
Solution:
We have;
X1
( 1)n xn
e x
= .
n=0
n!
Then;
X1
1 ( 1)n 1 1 1 1
=e 1
= =1 1+ + + ···.
e n=0
n! 2! 3! 4! 5!
Since the series is alternating;
1 1
En (1) = < ,
(n + 1)! 119
Solution:
1
X
Since an is convergent, we have lim an = 0. This implies that there exists N 2 IN such
n!1
n=0
that for n N , we have 0 an 1. So for all n N , 0 a2n an .
1
X 1
X
Since an is convergent, a2n is also convergent by comparison test.
Z
n=0 n=0
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b)The term of a sequence are defined recursively by the equations
4n + 1
a1 = 2, an+1 = ( )an . Is (an )1
n=1 convergent? (explain, and if so what is the limit?)
5n + 2
Solution:
1
X
Consider an . We have an 0. Apply ratio test to this series;
n=1
4n + 1 4
iddin
an+1
lim = lim = < 1.
n!1 an n!1 5n + 2 5
So by ratio test, the series converges. This implies limn!1 an = 0.
c)Give an example of a power series which is convergent in (1, 5), and divergent on
( 1, 1) [ (5, 1). (No condition at x = 1 and x = 5)
Muh
Solution:
1
X
Consider, an (x 3)n ; a power series around 3. We want the radius of convergence to be
n=0
| an+1 | 1
2. So we want lim = .
n!1 | an | 2
1
Let an = , then we get the desired limit and interval of convergence. So
2n
1
X (x 3)n
n=0
2n
Solution:
!
Let v = (a, b, c). Then we should have;
i j k
( 1, 2, 3) ⇥ (a, b, c) = 1 2 3 = (2c 3b, 3a + c, 2a b) = (1, 5, 3).
a b c
Z
! ! ! !
v = t i +(3 2t) j +(5 3t) k for all t 2 IR.
UGU
b)Show that the four points A(1, 2, 1), B(0, 1, 5), C( 1, 2, 1) and D(2, 1, 3) are coplanar
(i.e. are on the same plane).
Solution:
! ! ! ! ! !
Let the three vectors u , v and w represent the three segments AB, AC and AD, respectively.
! ! !
Then u = ( 1, 1, 6), v = ( 2, 0, 2) and w= (1, 1, 4).
iddin
The four points are coplanar if the volume of the parallelpiped spanned by the three vectors
is 0;
1 1 6
0 2 2 2 2 0
2 0 2 = + +6 = 2 10 + 12 = 0.
1 4 1 1 1 1
1 1 4
Muh
c)Find the distance between the lines
L1 : intersection of the planes (x + 2y = 3 and y + 2z = 3) and
L2 : intersection of the planes (x + y + z = 6 and x 2z = 5)
Solution:
L1 contains the points (1, 1, 1), (3, 0, 3/2), so it is parallel to the vector (3, 0, 3/2) (1, 1, 1) =
!
(2, 1, 1/2), so it is parallel to the vector u 1 = (4, 2, 1).
Z
! ! ! !
Using the vectors r 1 = (1, 1, 1), r 2 = ( 1, 5, 2), u 1 = (4, 2, 1) and u 2 = (2, 3, 1) we find
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the distance:
! ! ! !
| (r2 r 1) · ( u 1 ⇥ u 2) | | (2, 4, 1) · (1, 2, 8) | 18
d= ! ! = =p .
| u1 ⇥ u2 | | (1, 2, 8) | 69
iddin
Muh
METU
Department of Mathematics
Group List No.
Calculus II
MidTerm 2
Code : Math 120 Last Name :
Acad. Year : 2004-2005
Name : Student No. :
Semester : Spring
Instructor : Department : Section :
Signature :
Date : May 7th,2005
Time : 09:30 6 QUESTIONS ON 5 PAGES
Duration : 120 minutes TOTAL 60 POINTS
1 2 3 4 5 6
SOLUTION KEY
p p
Question 1 (10 points) Show that for any tangent plane to the surface x+ y+
Z
p p
z = a , (a > 0) the sum of x, y, and z axis intercepts is constant.
( x0 is called x intercept if the graph intersects x axis at the point (x0 , 0, 0). )
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p p p p
Solution: Let f (x, y, z) = x+ y+ z a then the surface , S, is given by f (x, y, z) = 0.
Let the point P0 (x0 , y0 , z0 ) 2 S be the point of tangency. Then
1 ~
~ (x, y, z) = p 1 1
5f i + p ~j + p ~k
2 x 2 y 2 z
and hence
~ (x0 , y0 , z0 ) = p1 ~i + p1 ~j + p1 ~k
~n = 5f
2 x0 2 y0 2 z0
is a normal vector to the tangent plane. Therefore, the equation of the tangent plane is
iddin
obtained as
1 1 1
p (x x0 ) + p (y y0 ) + p (z z0 ) = 0.
2 x0 2 y0 2 z0
Now,
p p p p
x intercept is obtained, for y = z = 0, as: ( x0 + y0 + z0 ) x0
p p p p
y intercept is obtained, for x = z = 0, as: ( x0 + y0 + z0 ) y0
p p p p
z intercept is obtained, for x = y = 0, as: ( x0 + y0 + z0 ) z0 . Therefore the sum of
intercepts is:
p p p p
Muh
( x0 + y0 + z0 )2 = ( a)2 = a
which is a constant.
Question 2 ( 12 points)
x3
Consider the function f (x, y) = if (x, y) 6= (0, 0), f (0, 0) = 0. Show that;
x2 + y 2
a)f is continuous everywhere
x3
lim f (x, y) = lim = 0 = f (0, 0)
(x,y)!(0,0) (x,y)!(0,0) x2 + y2
Z
meaning that f is continuous at (0, 0).
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b)all directional derivatives of f exist at (0, 0), using limit definition of directional derivative
d)find the set of all vectors ~v for which the equation D~v f (0, 0) = rf (0, 0) · ~v is satisfied.
~ (0, 0) = ~i.
Solution: Let ~v = v1~i + v2~j. Then, by (b) we have D~v f (0, 0) = v13 and 5f
~ (0, 0) · ~v = v1 . Now, the required condition is v1 = v 3 which gives us v1 =
Therefore, 5f 1
0, v1 = ±1. For, v1 = 0 we have v2 = ±1 and for v1 = ±1 we have v2 = 0. Thus, the
directions are ±~i and ±~j.
p
Question 3 (8 points) Let z = f (x, y) = 20 x2 7y 2 . Use Tangent Plane Ap-
proximation to approximate f (1.95, 1.08).
Solution: We have
x 7y
fx (x, y) = p , fy (x, y) = p .
20 x2 7y 2 20 x2 7y 2
Z
x y
Question 4 (10 points) Given that the function z = f ( , ) has continuous partial
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y x
derivatives in the neighborhood of the point (x, y) = (1, 1) with
f1 ( 1, 1) = 2 = f2 (1, 1), f1 (1, 1) = 2 = f2 ( 1, 1),
f11 ( 1, 1) = 6 = f12 (1, 1), f11 (1, 1) = 8 = f21 (1, 1),
f12 ( 1, 1) = 5 = f21 ( 1, 1), f22 (1, 1) = 1 = f22 ( 1, 1).
@2z
Find z12 = at the point (x, y) = (1, 1).
@y@x
Solution: Let s = x/y, t = y/x then (x, y) = (1, 1) gives (s, t) = ( 1, 1) and z =
f (x/y, y/x) = f (s, t). Now,
iddin
@z @z @s @z @t 1 y
z1 = = + = f1 (s, t) f2 (s, t).
@x @s @x @t @x y x2
Similarly,
@ 1 y
z12 = f1 (s, t) f2 (s, t)
@y y x2
1 1 @s @t
= 2
f 1 (s, t) + f11 (s, t) + f12 (s, t)
y y @y @y
Muh
1 y @s @t
2
f2 (s, t) 2
f21 (s, t) + f22 (s, t)
x x @y @y
1 1 x 1
= f1 (s, t) + f11 (s, t) 2 + f12 (s, t)
y2 y y x
1 y x 1
2
f2 (s, t) 2
f21 (s, t) 2 + f22 (s, t)
x x y x
Put x = 1, y = 1 to get
p
Solution: Let the point be (x, y) then the distance is d = x2 + y 2 . Now, we define
@L
= 2x + (34x + 12y) = 0 (1)
@x
@L
= 2y + (12x + 16y) = 0 (2)
@y
@L
= 17x2 + 12xy + 8y 2 100 = 0 (3)
@
Z
x y
From the equations (1) and (2) we write = and = , respectively.
17x + 6y 6x + 8y
Equating them and performing cross multiplication we get
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2x2 3xy 2y 2 = 0. (4)
Multipying, (4) by 4, and adding with (3) we obtain, 25x2 100 = 0 or x = ±2.
For x = 2, (4) becomes 8 6y 2y 2 = 0 which has the roots y = 1 and y = 4.
For x = 2, (4) becomes 8 + 6y 2y 2 = 0 which has the roots y = 1 and y = 4. Therefore
we have P1 (2, 1), P2 (2, 4), P3 ( 2, 1), P4 ( 2, 4).
p p
Therefore, the least distance is 5 and the greatest distance is 2 5.
iddin
Muh
Surname, Name: ............................, ............................ Student Id:.......................
Question 6 (10 points) Find and classify all the critical points of the function
1
f (x, y) = x3 + xy 2 x.
3
Z
f11 f12 2x 2y
= = = 4(x2 y2 )
f21 f22 2y 2x
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and
(P1 ) = 4 < 0 so P1 is a SADDLE point,
(P2 ) = 4 < 0 so P2 is a SADDLE point,
(P3 ) = 4 > 0 and f11 (P3 ) = 2 > 0 so P3 is a LOCAL MIN point,
(P4 ) = 4 > 0 and f11 (P4 ) = 2 < 0 so P4 is a LOCAL MAX point.
iddin
Muh
METU
Department of Mathematics
Group List No.
Calculus II
Final Exam
Code : Math 120 Last Name :
Acad. Year : 2004-2005
Name : Student No. :
Semester : Spring
Instructor : Department : Section :
Signature :
Date : June 1st,2005
Time : 09:30 6 QUESTIONS ON 6 PAGES
Duration : 150 minutes TOTAL 90 POINTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Question 1 (15 points) Let < be the region in the first quadrant of the xy plane
Z
bounded
Z Z by the curves xy = 4, xy = 8, xy 3 = 5 and xy 3 = 15. Evaluate the double integral
xy 3 cos(xy)dxdy
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<
iddin
Muh
Question 2 ( 15 points) Consider a sequence {an } such that an > 0 for all n 1,
an+1 X an
lim = 2 and the series diverges
n!1 an 2n
1
X
a)Determine the interval of convergence (with end points) of the series f (t) = an t2n .
n=1
Z
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b)Determine the largest open domain in R2 in which the function g(x, y) = f (x) + yf (y)
has a di↵erential.
iddin
Z
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iddin
Muh
Question 4 (15 points) Find the absolute extrema of the function f (x, y) = xye x y
on the triangular region with verticies (0, 0), (0, 4) and (4, 0).
Z
UGU
iddin
Muh
Surname,Name: ..................... , ...................... Student Id:.................
Question 5 (15 points) Using Implicit Function Theorem show that the equa-
tions u = x2 y 2 , v = 2xy define x and y implicitly as functions of u and v for values of
@x
(x, y) near (1, 1). Find at (u, v) = (0, 2).
@u
Z
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iddin
Muh
Question 6 (15 points) Find the volume lying between the paraboloids z = x2 + y 2
and 3z = 4 x2 y2 .
Z
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