Introduction

of the Old Testment

2rd Deacons
Khachik Sargsyan
OLD HEBREW

Ancient Hebrew Bible text was the most famous edition the Biblia Hebraica
Stuttgartensia. Ancient Hebrew Bible text was written without vocalization and for the
true meaning in the 5th century some people copied the old text of Hebrew Bible and
wrote new vocalization and vowels, also saving old vocalization. They are called
masoretic. Masoretics in the 500th century to 700th century created other
vocalizations.

Also there are vocalizations of Tiberian, Babylonian, Palestinian systems of

vocalization. And Tiberian was the normative one. The Hebrew text is also called
"Masoretic text" for masoretic writers. And its parts are called masora or TeNaKH (Torah,
Neviim, Ketuvim). Oldest text of the Old Testament Isaiah scroll from Qumran and called
Dead sea scroll. Dated the 100th century. Now it is in the Museum of Israel.

When the scroll is examined it says that there are more differences in the Dead sea
scroll and translation of the Hebrew Bible. And also when researchers examined the scroll
they understood some books or translations used for writing Masoretic text and some of
books or translations for the Old Greek translation which is called Septuagent. Masoretic
text today used in the synagogue. Masoretics main scroll is dated 10th century
Leningrad Codex, Aleppo Codex and Cairo Codex.

OLD GREEK

The Hebrew Bible translation was translated to Old Greek in Egypt. In Alexandra were
greek-speaking jewishes and for their own reading they translated it. First translation of
old Greek was Torah (first five books of Bible written by Moses) B. C. 3rd century, and
order books different times.

Old Greek Bible's sources and Masoretic text's sources are different so why in that
Bible's some books are shorter or longer then others. Example:`Book of Hob, Daniel and
Eremia.

When the Hebrew Bible translated to Old Greek there are not some canonic or fully
book for Hebrew Bible and there are some scrolls and that's everyone don't can have and
so it's mean that there not some project to translate the Bible. The Old Greek translation
is not planed by someone the human who likes some part of the Bible text translated it to
Greek for him and after some of this translation used for fully Old Greek Bible
translation. For Old Greek Bible text choose an other versions, after that Cristinas added
some parts from Masoretic text. This Bible now used in Orthodox churches and its call
Septuagent. The Cristinas The Septuagent Bible translated to many languages.

Latin in 3rd century (its written by Hieronymus)

Kopitar in 3rd century
Armenian in 5th century
Arabic in 9th century
There are 4 greater translation Bible Hebrew to Greek: Aquila, Symmaclus, LXX or
Septuagent and Thedoion.

ARAMIC

Translation in Aramaic was targum . So because Hebrew is not easy language and used for only prayer
and study can't use everyone. So in the during synagogue service some parts are translate to Aramaic
and so why Hebrew has little part from Aramaic. There are two Aramaic translation first is it Wastern
Aramaic Targum (in synagogue Onkelos, Pseudo Jonathan) and (Estern Aramaic) Syrian Peshitta 2rd to
5th century.

ARMENIAN
After the invention of writing Mesrop Mashtoc with his students start translation of Bible text to
Armenian and beginning from Proverbial book.Movses Khorenaci says that all Armenian Bible
translated in Samosat. First translation called Putanaki also with Armenian Bible text translated written
of Fathers. For evolve the translatior ability they going to Edesia and Alexandra to and study Old Greek
and Syrian. After Ephesus Space meeting they come back bringing best translations of Bible which are
Septuagent and Syrian translation. And beginning translation century which also called Gold Century.