Community

Health Nursing
REALYN A. JOSEPH, RN
Overview

1 DEFINITION OF TERMS
HEALTH RELATED ENTERPRENEURAL
2 WHO 7
ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY SETTING
3 DOH 8 CATEGORIES OF INTERVENTION
DOH PROGRAMS RELATED
4 TO FAMILY
9 TOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE

5 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS 10 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

6 NURSING CORE VALUES 11 LEVELS OF PREVENTION

AS A COMMUNITY 12 UNIVERSAL HEALTH UNIT
HEALTH NURSE
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1 Public health is the science of
protecting and improving the health
of people and their communities.
This work is achieved by promoting
healthy lifestyles, researching
disease and injury prevention, and
detecting, preventing and
responding to infectious diseases.
Public health nursing is the
practice of promoting and
protecting the health of populations
using knowledge from nursing,
social, and public health sciences.
Community health is a major field
of study within the medical and
clinical sciences which focuses on
the maintenance, protection, and
improvement of the health status
of population groups and
communities.
Community health Nursing is the
synthesis of nursing and public health
practice applied to promote and
protect the health of population. It
combines all the basic elements of
professional, clinical nursing with
public health and community practice.
DISCUSSED
TOPICS
01
STANDARDS OF PUBLIC
HEALTH NURSING IN THE
PHILIPPINES

02
EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC
HEALTH NURSING IN THE
PHILIPPINES

03
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES
OF A COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE
2 3 DOH- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
WHO- WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The World Health Organization is a The Department of Health is the
specialized agency of the United Nations executive department of the
responsible for international public government of the Philippines
health. It is headquartered in Geneva, responsible for ensuring access to
Switzerland, and has six regional offices basic public health services by all
and 150 field offices worldwide. Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care, the regulation of all
The United Nations Millennium health services and products.
Development Goals (MDGs) are 8 goals
that UN Member States have agreed to MISSION & VISION
try to achieve by the year 2015. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
adopted by world leaders in
PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022
September 2015
WHO- WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The World Health Organization is a
specialized agency of the United Nations
responsible for international public The United Nations Millennium
health. It is headquartered in Geneva, Development Goals (MDGs) are 8 goals
Switzerland, and has six regional offices that UN Member States have agreed to
and 150 field offices worldwide. try to achieve by the year 2015.
WHO- WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The World Health Organization is a
specialized agency of the United Nations The 17 Sustainable Development Goals
responsible for international public adopted by world leaders in
health. It is headquartered in Geneva, September 2015
Switzerland, and has six regional offices
and 150 field offices worldwide.
 MISSION & VISION
VISION
“Filipinos are among the healthiest
people in Southeast Asia by 2022. Asia by
2040”
MISSION
“To lead the country in the development
of a Productive, Resilient, Equitable and
People Centered health system.”
GOALS
“Better Health Outcomes, More
Responsive Health System, More
Equitable Health Care Financing”
DOH- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
The Department of Health is the
executive department of the
government of the Philippines
responsible for ensuring access to
basic public health services by all
Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care, the regulation of all
health services and products.
MISSION & VISION
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Presidential Proclamation (June 23,
1898) created the Board of Health in the
New Republic under President Emilio
Aguinaldo. Executive Order No. 317
(January 1, 1941) elevated the Board of
Health into the Department of Health
and Public Welfare (DHPW).
Ministry of Health
On April 13, 1987, the Department of
Health was created from the previous
Ministry of Health with Dr. Alfredo R.
A. Bengzon as secretary of health.
DOH- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
The Department of Health is the
executive department of the
government of the Philippines
responsible for ensuring access to
basic public health services by all
Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care, the regulation of all
health services and products.
MISSION & VISION
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022
 LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
DOH- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
The Department of Health is the
In 1991 the Philippines Government executive department of the
introduced a major devolution of national government of the Philippines
responsible for ensuring access to
government services, which included the first
wave of health sector reform, through the basic public health services by all
introduction of the Local Government Code Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care, the regulation of all
of 1991. The Code devolved basic services for
agriculture extension, forest management, health services and products.
health services, barangay (township) roads
and social welfare to Local Government Units. MISSION & VISION
In 1992, the Philippines Government HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
devolved the management and delivery of LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
health services from the National Department DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
of Health to locally elected provincial, city CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
and municipal governments. PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
 PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010- DOH- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
2022 The Department of Health is the
The PHA aims to executive department of the
government of the Philippines
(1) ensure the best health outcomes responsible for ensuring access to
for all, without socio-economic, ethnic, basic public health services by all
gender, and geographic disparities; Filipinos through the provision of
(2) promote health and deliver quality health care, the regulation of all
health services and products.
healthcare through means that
respect, value, and empower clients MISSION & VISION
and patients as they interact with the HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
health system; and LOCAL HEALTH SYSTEM &
(3) protect all families especially the DEVOLUTION OF HEALTH SERVICES
CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEALTH FACILITIES
poor, marginalized, and vulnerable
PHILIPPINE HEALTH AGENDA 2010-2022
against the high costs of healthcare.
 1. Essential Newborn Care (ENC) 17. First Aid: Choking
2. Newborn Screening 18. First Aid: Insect Bites and Stings
3. Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) 19. First Aid: Drowning
20. Snake Bite
4. Breastfeeding
21. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
5. Child Health
22. Mental Retardation
6. Adolescent Health
23. Handwashing
7. Oral Health
24. Cough manners
8. Reproductive Health 25. Food Safety
9. Women’s Health 26. Botcha (Double Dead Meat)
10. Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) 27. Paralytic Shelffish Poisoning (Red Tide)
11. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) 28. Watusi Poisoning
12. Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) 29. Piccolo Poisoning
13. Neonatal Tetanus 30. Boils
14. First Aid: Minor Cuts and Wounds 31. Sunburn
15. First Aid: Burns 32. Prickly Heat
16. First Aid: Nosebleeding 33. Toy Safety

4 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY
Essential newborn care includes:
Immediate care at birth (delayed
cord clamping, thorough drying,
assessment
of breathing, skin-to-skin contact, early
initiation of breastfeeding)
Thermal care
Resuscitation when needed
Support for breast milk feeding
Nurturing care
Infection prevention
Assessment of health problems
Recognition and response to danger
signs
Timely and safe referral when
needed
 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

Newborn screening tests look

for developmental, genetic, and
metabolic disorders in the
newborn baby. This allows
steps to be taken before
symptoms develop. Most of
these illnesses are very rare,
but can be treated if caught
early. The types of newborn
screening tests that are done
vary from state to state.
 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

Infant and Young Child Feeding

(IYCF)
The infant and young child feeding
program include exclusive
breastfeeding for six (6) months
and nutritionally adequate and
safe complementary feeding from
the age of six (6) months with
continued breastfeeding up to 2
years and beyond.
DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

The IYCF Program shall focus on the

enforcement of the Expanded
Breastfeeding Promotion Act of
2009 which mandates workplaces to
establish lactation stations and/or
grant breastfeeding breaks.
DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

Since children are more at risk

compared to adults, they need
more protection against
diseases and other health risks.
Thus, child health care is
important given that children's
health is still developing and
they need optimum conditions
in order to fully grow and
develop in all aspects.
 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY
It aims to achieve the following health
outcomes among adolescents: (1) Healthy
Development (2) Healthy Nutrition (3)
Sexual and Reproductive Health (4)
Reduction of Substance Use (5) Reduction
of Injuries and Mortality, Morbidity and
Psychosocial Consequences of Injuries (6)
Reduction of all Forms of Violence and
Mortality, Morbidity and Psychosocial
Consequences of Violence and (7) Mental
Health.
Adolescent Health
It envisioned well-informed
empowered, responsible and
healthy adolescents and youth. The
mission was to ensure that all
adolescents and youth have access
to quality comprehensive health
care and services in an adolescent
and youth-friendly environment.
DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

The Oral Health Program promotes

oral health activities designed to
encourage good oral health
practices and increase awareness
of the importance of oral health
and preventive care.

A healthy mouth enables people to

eat, speak, and socialize without
pain, discomfort, or
embarrassment.
 DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

This program aims to reduce maternal and

infant mortality, morbidity, and teen
pregnancy by providing sexually transmitted
infection (STI) screenings, patient-centered
contraceptive counseling, access to a wide
range of contraceptive methods, and
information on sexual and reproductive health.

Reproductive health implies that people are

able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and
that they have the capability to reproduce and
the freedom to decide if, when and how often
to do so.
DOH PROGRAMS RELATED TO FAMILY

National Safe Motherhood Program

(NSMP)

-Focus on making pregnancy and

childbirth safer and sought to change
fundamental societal dynamics that
influence decision making on matters
related to pregnancy and childbirth
while it tries to bring quality
emergency obstetrics and newborn
care facilities nearest to homes.
 5
PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
a. MAGNA CARTA FOR HEALTH WORKER
b. SANITATION CODE
c. CLEAN AIR ACT p. MANDATORY INFANTS & CHILDREN
d. GENERIC ACT HEALTH IMMUNIZATION ACT 2011
e. NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE ACT q. CHILDREN SAFETY ON MOTORCYCLES
f. NATIONAL BLOOD SERVICE ACT ACT OF 2015
g. LAWS ON NOTIFIABLE DISEASE r. CHILDREN’S EMERGENCY RELIEF
h. SENIOR CITIZEN ACT & PROTECTION ACT OF 2016
i. REVISED DANGEROUS DRUGS LAW s. CHILD & YOUTH WELFARE CODE OF THE
j. ACT ON CHEAPER MEDICINE PHILIPPINES
k. SAVE THE CHILDREN
t. TOBACCO REGULATION ACT OF 2003
l. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
m. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT
n. ROOMING IN & BREASTFEEDING ACT
o. RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD &
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW OF 2012
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
REPUBLIC ACT – an act passed by the Congress of the Philippines, while the form of
government is Republican government.
Republic Act 349 – Legalizes the use of human organs for surgical, medical and
scientific purposes.
Republic Act 1054 – Requires the owner, lessee or operator of any commercial,
industrial or agricultural establishment to furnish free emergency, medical and
dental assistance to his employees and laborers.
Republic Act 1080 – Civil Service Eligibility
Republic Act 1082 – Rural Health Unit Act
Republic Act 1136 – Act recognizing the Division of Tuberculosis in the DOH
Republic Act 1612 – Privilege Tax/Professional tax/omnibus tax should be paid
January 31 of each year
Republic Act 1891 – Act strengthening Health and Dental services in the rural areas
Republic Act 2382 – Philippine Medical Act which regulates the practice of
medicines in the Philippines
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
Republic Act 2644 – Philippine Midwifery Act
Republic Act 3573 – Law on reporting of Communicable Diseases
Republic Act 4073 – Liberalized treatment of Leprosy
Republic Act 4226 – Hospital Licensure Act requires all hospital to be licensed
before it can operative
Republic Act 5181 – Act prescribing permanent residence and reciprocity as
qualifications for any examination or registration for the practice of any profession
in the Philippines
Republic Act 5821 – The Pharmacy Act
Republic Act 5901 – 40 hours work for hospital workers
Republic Act 6111 – Medicare Act
Republic Act 6365 – Established a National Policy on Population and created the
Commission on population
Republic Act 6425 – Dangerous Drug Act of 1992
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS

Republic Act 6511 – Act to standardize the examination and registration fees
charged by the National Boards, and for other purposes.
Republic Act 6675 – Generics Act of 1988
Republic Act 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and
Employees
Republic Act 6725 – Act strengthening the prohibition on discrimination against
women with respect to terms and condition of employment
Republic Act 6727 – Wage Rationalization Act
Republic Act 6758 – Standardized the salaries
Republic Act 6809 – Majority age is 18 years old
Republic Act 6972 – Day care center in every Barangay
Republic Act 7160 – Local Government Code
Republic Act 7164 – Philippine Nursing Act of 1991
Republic Act 7170 – Law that govern organ donation
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
Republic Act 7192 – Women in development nation building
Republic Act 7277 – Magna Carta of Disabled Persons
Republic Act 7305 – The Magna Carta of public Health Workers
Republic Act 7392 – Philippine Midwifery Act of 1992
Republic Act 7432 – Senior Citizen Act
Republic Act 7600 – Rooming In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
Republic Act 7610 – Special protection of children against abuse, exploitation and
discrimination act
Republic Act 7624 – Drug Education Law
Republic Act 7641 – New Retirement Law
Republic Act 7658 – An act prohibiting the employment of children below 15 years
of age.
Republic Act 7719 – National Blood Service Act of 1994
Republic Act 7875 – National Health Insurance Act of 1995
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
Republic Act 7876 – Senior Citizen Center of every Barangay
Republic Act 7877 – Anti-sexual harassment Act of 1995
Republic Act 7883 – Barangay Health workers Benefits and Incentives Act of 1992
Republic Act 8042 – Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipino Act of 1995
Republic Act 8172 – Asin Law Republic Act 8187 – Paternity Leave Act of 1995
Republic Act 8203 – Special Law on Counterfeit Drugs
Republic Act 8282 – Social Security Law of 1997 (amended RA 1161)
Republic Act 8291 – Government Service Insurance System Act of 1997 (amended
PD 1146)
Republic Act 8344 – Hospital Doctors to treat emergency cases referred for
treatment
Republic Act 8423 – Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Medicine
Republic Act 8424 – Personal tax Exemption
Republic Act 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
Republic Act 8981 – PRC Modernization Act of 2000
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS

Republic Act 9165 – Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act 2002

Republic Act 9173 – Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
Republic Act 9288 – Newborn Screening Act
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE – An order of the President. This power of the President which
allows him/her to act as legislators was exercised during the Marshall Law period.
Presidential Decree 46 – An act making it punishable for any public officials or
employee, whether of the national or local government, to receive directly or indirectly
any gifts or valuable things
Presidential Decree 48 – Limits benefits of paid maternity leave privileges to four
children
Presidential Decree 69 – Limits the number of children to four (4) tax exemption
purposes
Presidential Decree 79 – Population Commission
Presidential Decree 147 – Declares April and May as National Immunization Day
Presidential Decree 148 – Regulation on Woman and Child Labor Law
Presidential Decree 166 – Strengthened Family Planning program by promoting
participation of private sector in the formulation and implementation of program
planning policies.
 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS
Presidential Decree 169 – Requiring Attending Physician and/or persons treating
injuries resulting from any form of violence.
Presidential Decree 223 – Professional Regulation Commission
Presidential Decree 442 – Labor Code Promotes and protects employees self-
organization and collective bargaining rights. Provision for a 10% right differential
pay for hospital workers.
Presidential Decree 491 – Nutrition Program
Presidential Decree 539 – Declaring last week of October every as Nurse’s Week.
October 17, 1958
Presidential Decree 541 – Allowing former Filipino professionals to practice their
respective professions in the Philippines so they can provide the latent and
expertise urgently needed by the homeland
Presidential Decree 568 – Role of Public Health midwives has been expanded after
the implementation of the Restructed Health Care Delivery System (RHCDS)
 6
NURSING CORE VALUES AS A
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
Mission-The National League for Nursing promotes excellence innursing
education to build a strong and diverse nursing workforce to advance the
health of our nation and the globalcommunity.
1)Caring
2) Diversity
3) Integrity
4) Excellence
5) Human dignity
6) Autonomy
7) Altruism
8) Social justice
 Caring
-A culture of caring, as a fundamental part of the nursing
profession, characterizes our concern and consideration
for the whole person, our commitment to the common
good, and our outreach to those who are vulnerable.
-All organizational activities are managed in a participative
and person-centered way, demonstrating an ability to
understand the needs of others and a commitment to act
always in the best interests of all stakeholders.
 Integrity
-A culture of integrity is evident when organizational
principlesof open communication, ethical decision-
making, and humility are encouraged, expected, and
demonstrated consistently.
-Not only is doing the right thing simply how we do
business, but our actions reveal our commitment to
truth telling and to how we always see ourselves
from the perspective of others in a larger
community.
 Diversity
-A culture of inclusive excellence encompasses many
identities, influenced by the intersections of race,
ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic
status, age, physical abilities, religious and political
beliefs, or other ideologies.
-It also addresses behaviors across academic and
health enterprises. Differences affect innovation so
we must work to understand both ourselves and one
another.
 Excellence
-A culture of excellence reflects a commitment to
continuous growth, improvement, and understanding.
-It is a culture where transformation is embraced, and
the status quo and mediocrity are not tolerated.
 Human Dignity

-Can be thought of as an individual's sense of self-

worth and self-respect. It can encompass many
things, including the right to fill basic needs, like food,
shelter, and personal safety.
-In the health care environment, human dignity is
more focused on aspects of privacy, respect, and
autonomy
 Autonomy
-Professional autonomy means having the authority
to make decisions and the freedom to act in
accordance with one's professional knowledge base.
-Relevance to clinical practice: To gain autonomous
practice, nurses must be competent and have the
courage to take charge in situations where they are
responsible.
-Ex: ayaw magpa vaccine, ang gnagawa nlng natin ay
pinapabayaan nlng sila
 Altruism

-Concern for the welfare and wellbeing of others.

-Advocacy
-In professional practice, altruism is reflected by
the nurse's concern and advocacy for the welfare
of patients, other nurses, and health care providers
 Social Justice
Social justice is a core nursing value and the
foundation of public health nursing.
Social justice implies that there is a fair and
equitable distribution of benefits and burdens
in a society.
Social justice ideology requires nursing
students to uphold moral, legal, and
humanistic principles related to health
7 HEALTH RELATED ENTERPRENEURAL ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY SETTING

Project EntrepreNurse
Initiative of Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE)
Introduces HOME HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY
4 ELEMENTS
Good Governance
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Health Financing
FRAMEWORK: FOURmula ONE for HEALTH
Health Regulation
Health Service
Delivery
HEALTH RELATED ENTERPRENEURAL ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY SETTING

LEGAL BASIS:
RA 9173 Article VI
Sec 28

RA 7164 Article V
Sec 27
 HEALTH RELATED ENTERPRENEURAL ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY SETTING

ACADEMIC SECTOR JOB OPPORTUNITIES OR JOB OPTIONS

 Teachers/ professors
 Clinical instructors for nurses
 Academic research assistants
 Field coordinators
HEALTH RELATED ENTERPRENEURAL ACTIVITIES IN THE COMMUNITY SETTING

HEALTH SECTOR JOB OPPORTUNITIES OR JOB

OPTIONS
 Part time RHU / hospital nurses
 Manage/ operate birthing centers
 Manage/ operate care homes for elderly,
differently-abled persons and other patients needing
chronic care
Part time or fulltime private nurses (in the homes of
patients who can afford to pay)
 Medical Representative for drug stores/companies
 Medical Research Consultants/Assistants
 Technical Assistance Consultants/Providers
 BUSINESS SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES OR JOB OPTIONS

 Transcription services (international) and engage in other non-nursing related

enterprise
B
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P
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 8
CATEGORIES OF INTERVENTION

PROMOTIVE CURATIVE
Antibiotics for bacterial infections.
health education Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for
cancer.
nutrition education
Cast for a broken bone.
dietary change Dialysis treatment for kidney failure.
strategies and Surgery for appendicitis.
Acupuncture for certain conditions.
environmental
Dietary programs for certain conditions.
modification
PREVENTIVE REHABILITATIVE
Vaccines. ... Cognitive Rehabilitation. ...
Nutritional interventions. ... Pharmacorehabilitation. ...
Maternal and neonatal interventions. ... Physical Therapy. ...
Education and behaviour change. ... Recreational Therapy. ...
Environmental alterations. ... Speech and Language Therapy. ...
Vector and intermediate host control. ... Occupational Therapy. ...
Drugs for the prevention of disease. ... Vocational Rehabilitation.
Injury prevention.
 9
TOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
The bag technique is a tool by which the nurse, during her visit will enable her
to perform a nursing procedure with ease and deftness, to save time and
effort with the end view of rendering effective nursing care to clients.

The public health bag is an essential and indispensable equipment of a public

health nurse which she has to carry along during her home visits. It contains
basic medication and articles which are necessary for giving care.
Principles
Performing the bag technique will minimize, if not, prevent the spread of
any infection.
It saves time and effort in the performance of nursing procedures.
The bag technique can be performed in a variety of ways depending on
the agency’s policy, the home situation, or as long as principles of
avoiding transfer of infection is always observed.
 9 TOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
Contents
The following are the contents of a Public Health Nurse bag:
Paper lining
Apron
Extra paper for making waste bag
Hand towel
Plastic/linen lining
Soap in a soap dish
2 pairs of scissors (surgical and bandage)
Thermometers (oral and rectal)
2 pairs of forceps (curved and straight)
Cotton balls
Disposable syringes with needles (g. 23 & 25)
Cord clamp
Hypodermic needles (g. 19, 22, 23, 25)
Micropore plaster
Sterile dressing
Tape measure
Solutions of:
1 pair of sterile gloves
Betadine
Baby’s scale
70% alcohol
Alcohol lamp
Zephiran solution
Hydrogen peroxide 2 test tubes
Spirit of ammnonia Test tube holders
Ophthalmic ointment
Acetic acid *BP apparatus and stethoscope are carried
Benedict’s solution separately and are never placed in the bag.
 9 TOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
Points to consider
1. The bag should contain all the necessary articles,
supplies and equipment that will be used to
answer the emergency needs
2. The bag and its contents should be cleaned very
often, the supplies replaced and ready for use
anytime.
3. The bag and its contents should be well
protected from contact with any article in the
patient’s home.
4. Consider the bag and its contents clean and
sterile, while articles that belong to the patients
as dirty and contaminated.
5. The arrangement of the contents of the bag
should be the one most convenient to the user,
to facilitate efficiency and avoid confusion.
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Primary healthcare is a term used to describe the first contact a person
has with the health system when they have a health problem or issue that
is not an emergency.

essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and

families in the community by means acceptable to them, through their
full participation and at cost that the community can afford at every
stage of development.
a practical approach to making health benefits within the reach of all
people.
an approach to health development, which is carried out through a set
of activities and whose ultimate aim is the continuous improvement
and maintenance of health status
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Overview
May 1977 -30th World Health Assembly decided that the main health
target of the government and WHO is the attainment of a level of
health that would permit them to lead a socially and economically
productive life by the year 2000.
September 6-12, 1978 – First International Conference on PHC in Alma
Ata, Russia (USSR) The Alma Ata Declaration stated that PHC was the
key to attain the “health for all” goal
October 19, 1979 – Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949, the legal basis of
PHC was signed by Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos, which adopted PHC as
an approach towards the design, development and implementation of
programs focusing on health development at community level.
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Objectives of Primary Health Care
Improvement in the level of health care of the community
Favorable population growth structure
Reduction in the prevalence of preventable, communicable and other
disease.
Reduction in morbidity and mortality rates especially among infants
and children.
Extension of essential health services with priority given to the
underserved sectors.
Improvement in Basic Sanitation
Development of the capability of the community aimed at self-
reliance.
Maximizing the contribution of the other sectors for the social and
economic development of the community.
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Two Levels of Primary Health Care Workers

1. Barangay Health Workers – trained community health workers or

health auxiliary volunteers or traditional birth attendants or healers.
2. Intermediate level health workers- include the Public Health Nurse,
Rural Sanitary Inspector and midwives.
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Principles of Primary Health Care

1. 4 A’s = Accessibility, Availability, Affordability & Acceptability,

Appropriateness of health services.
2. Community Participation
3. People are the center, object and subject of development.
4. Self-reliance
5. Partnership between the community and the health agencies in the
provision of quality of life.
6. Recognition of interrelationship between the health and development
7. Social Mobilization
8. Decentralization
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Elements of Primary Health Care
1. Education for Health
Is one of the potent methodologies for information dissemination. It
promotes the partnership of both the family members and health workers
in the promotion of health as well as prevention of illness.
2. Locally Endemic Disease Control
The control of endemic disease focuses on the prevention of its
occurrence to reduce morbidity rate. Example Malaria Control and
Schistosomiasis Control
3. Expanded Program on Immunization
This program exists to control the occurrence of preventable illnesses
especially of children below 6 years old. Immunizations on poliomyelitis,
measles, tetanus, diphtheria and other preventable disease are given for
free by the government and ongoing program of the DOH
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Elements of Primary Health Care
4. Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning
The mother and child are the most delicate members of the community. So
the protection of the mother and child to illness and other risks would
ensure good health for the community. The goal of Family Planning includes
spacing of children and responsible parenthood.
5. Environmental Sanitation and Promotion of Safe Water Supply
Environmental Sanitation is defined as the study of all factors in the man’s
environment, which exercise or may exercise deleterious effect on his well-
being and survival. Water is a basic need for life and one factor in man’s
environment. Water is necessary for the maintenance of healthy lifestyle.
Safe Water and Sanitation is necessary for basic promotion of health.
 10
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Elements of Primary Health Care
6. Nutrition and Promotion of Adequate Food Supply
One basic need of the family is food. And if food is properly prepared then
one may be assured healthy family. There are many food resources found in
the communities but because of faulty preparation and lack of knowledge
regarding proper food planning, Malnutrition is one of the problems that we
have in the country.
7. Treatment of Communicable Diseases and Common Illness
The diseases spread through direct contact pose a great risk to those who
can be infected. Tuberculosis is one of the communicable diseases
continuously occupies the top ten causes of death. Most communicable
diseases are also preventable. The Government focuses on the prevention,
control and treatment of these illnesses.
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PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Elements of Primary Health Care
8. Supply of Essential Drugs
This focuses on the information campaign on the utilization and acquisition
of drugs.
In response to this campaign, the GENERIC ACT of the Philippines is enacted.
It includes the following drugs: Cotrimoxazole, Paracetamol, Amoxycillin,
Oresol, Nifedipine, Rifampicin, INH (isoniazid) and
Pyrazinamide,Ethambutol, Streptomycin,Albendazole,Quinine