REVIEWER IN INQUIRIES, INVESTIGATION, AND IMMERSION (NON-STEM)

DATA COLLECTION IN QUALITATIVE DATA COLELCTION IN QUANTITATIVE

RESEARCH RESEARCH
-Qualitative data consists of words, observations, -Data are in the form of numbers and statistics, often
pictures, figures, opinions and symbols. arranged in tables, charts, figures, or other non-
-The quality of qualitative data depends to a large textual forms.
extent on the way it is interpreted.
-Quantitative research data can be used to help
-Qualitative data is often collected using informal forecast sales figures for a new product.
group discussions.
Example:
Example:
80% of people questioned have tried dried vegetable
Based on the responses of the participants, the major snacks.
advantage or positive impact of having 2 days limited
face to face classes to STEM students is the experience
of the students to absorb the lesson because of the
clarity of instruction that the teachers give.

EXPERIMENTAL Respondents are randomly selected.

Controlled Environment
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL Respondents are not randomly selected.
Natural Environment
INSTRUMENTS -are tools used to gather data for a particular research
topic.

-Questionnaire is the most commonly used research

instrument
DATA ANALYSIS -the process of systematically applying statistical
and/or logical techniques to describe and illustrate,
condense, recap, and evaluate data.
-Through data analysis, researchers identify
meaningful and significant patterns in data.
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION -Research of this sort is almost invariably done face-
to-face. Where eight or nine relevant people are
brought together for an hour, or perhaps an hour and a
half, to discuss something, where the respondents’
different views and experiences combine to create a
unique and useful conversation.
OBSERVATION -Watching, listening, recording something or someone
STEPS IN DATA PREPARATION Data Validation
Data Editing
Data Coding
MEAN
MEDIAN

MODE

STANDARD DEVIATION

DESCRIPTIVE Percentage & mean

CORRELATIONAL Pearson’s R (parametric) & Spearman’s’ Rho (non-
parametric)
CAUSAL COMPARATIVE T-test

INTRODUCTION It is part of the research where you should define or

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
RESEARCH PROBLEM
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
PURPOSE OF REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
identify the general topic, issue, or area of concern.
These are statements of the specific intent or purpose
of the research.
-It is the main focus of the study.
-It is the question that the research will answer.
-It can be a result of observation (induction) or can be
deduced from existing theory.
-how the research work will help other researchers,
educators, organization practitioners, and
policymakers.
-To find a research gap.
-To identify what is already known about the topic.
-To know what concepts and theories have been
applied to the topic.

-APA is the widely used writing style format

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -It is a part of the research report that holds the
findings of the study and the discussion of each
finding.

-It talks about the result of the study. The researcher

will present the data gathered using the questionnaire
used by tabulating all the gathered data.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS It refers to the part of the research paper wherein it
briefly restates your major findings that correspond
your statement of the problem.
CONCLUSION -It is the researchers’ basis for crafting suggestions for
future research on related fields.

-The basis of the researchers in crafting the conclusion

PURPOSE OF CONCLUSION
GUIDELINES IN WRITING THE CONLUSION
are the research questions of the study.
-It stresses out the importance of the thesis statement
-It gives the written work a sense of completeness
-It leaves a final impression on the readers
-It demonstrates good organization.
-Conclusions are intertwined with the Introduction.
 -Conclusions are inferences and generalizations based
upon the finding.
-Conclusions should specifically answer the questions
posed in the “Statement of the Problem” of your
research study.
-Conclusions should NOT contain apologetic
statements for unresolved problems in the study.
LIMITATION It refers to the factors that the researcher fails to
control and can be addressed by subsequent studies
RECOMMENDATION -It serves as a practical suggestion for future
researchers.

-It should not be ambiguous or in other words, it

should be clear
PURPOSE OF RECOMMENDATION -To provide a beneficial guide to resolve certain issues
that can possibly result in a beneficial outcome.
GUIDELINES IN WRITING THE -Make sure that your recommendations are in
RECOMMENDATION accordance with the conclusions and limitations of
your study.
-Make your recommendations as specific as possible
for them to become workable and practical.
-Write your recommendations concisely and clearly.

GUIDELINES IN ORAL DEFENSE

 In preparing for oral defense, you must review your research and materials thoroughly.
 To demonstrate professionalism, you should maintain eye contact, speak clearly, and use professional
language.
 In handling interruption during defense, it is recommended to acknowledge the interruption politely and
address any concerns.
 In addressing challenging questions during the defense, you should stay calm, listen carefully, and provide
thoughtful responses.
 Anticipating potential criticism or objection to your research is important because it helps you avoid any
potential weaknesses or flaws in your defense.