Multiple Choice – 10 Items
Direction: Write the letter (in capital) of the
best answer on the space provided.
1. The process of producing energy by utilizing
heat trapped inside the earth surface is called
_________?
A. Hydrothermal Energy
B. Geo-thermal Energy
C. Solar Energy
D. Wave Energy
2. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. Ocean
B. heat beneath Earth’s
C. sunlight
D. Wind
3. Who invented first geothermal plant?
A. Michael Faraday
B. Piero Ginori Conti
C. Enrico Fermi
D. Guglielmo Marconi
4. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. near a volcano
B. windy area
C. deep parts of the ocean
D. near a waterfall
5. Why is energy needed to be transformed into
another form?
A. For the animals to multiply
B. To produce more equipment
C. So that plants and animals can survive
D. It has to be changed into more usable form.
6. It is ranked as the seventh largest globally,
this additional geothermal plant finds its home
in the picturesque province of Albay.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
7. This power station in the Philippines secures
its place as the eighth largest geothermal power
plant globally. It has an impressive boosting
output capacity of 232.5MW, this facility serves
as a vital energy source for Luzon Island.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
Philippines
D. none of the above
8. It is the fourth spot on the global geothermal
energy leaderboard is the impressive Makban
Geothermal Power Complex. This complex is a
true powerhouse in the energy landscape.
Consisting of six individual plants, the complex
sprawls across both the Laguna and Batangas
provinces in the Philippines.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
9. Where does the first geothermal power plant,
the Larderello dry steam invented?
A. Tuscany, Italy
B. Tuscany, USA
C. Talisay, Italy
D. Talisay, Germany
10. “Geothermal” means:
A. “Geo” means “Fossil” and
“Thermal” means “Fuel”
B. “Geo” means “Plants” and
“Thermal” means “Oil”
C. “Geo” means “Earth” and
“Thermal” means “Heat”
Multiple Choice – 10 Items
Direction: Write the letter (in capital) of the
best answer on the space provided.
1. The process of producing energy by utilizing
heat trapped inside the earth surface is called
_________?
A. Hydrothermal Energy
B. Geo-thermal Energy
C. Solar Energy
D. Wave Energy
2. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. Ocean
B. heat beneath Earth’s
C. sunlight
D. Wind
3. Who invented first geothermal plant?
A. Michael Faraday
B. Piero Ginori Conti
C. Enrico Fermi
D. Guglielmo Marconi
4. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. near a volcano
B. windy area
C. deep parts of the ocean
D. near a waterfall
5. Why is energy needed to be transformed into
another form?
A. For the animals to multiply
B. To produce more equipment
C. So that plants and animals can survive
D. It has to be changed into more usable form.
6. It is ranked as the seventh largest globally,
this additional geothermal plant finds its home
in the picturesque province of Albay.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
7. This power station in the Philippines secures
its place as the eighth largest geothermal power
plant globally. It has an impressive boosting
output capacity of 232.5MW, this facility serves
as a vital energy source for Luzon Island.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
Philippines
D. none of the above
8. It is the fourth spot on the global geothermal
energy leaderboard is the impressive Makban
Geothermal Power Complex. This complex is a
true powerhouse in the energy landscape.
Consisting of six individual plants, the complex
sprawls across both the Laguna and Batangas
provinces in the Philippines.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
9. Where does the first geothermal power plant,
the Larderello dry steam invented?
A. Tuscany, Italy
B. Tuscany, USA
C. Talisay, Italy
D. Talisay, Germany
10. “Geothermal” means:
A. “Geo” means “Fossil” and
“Thermal” means “Fuel”
B. “Geo” means “Plants” and
“Thermal” means “Oil”
C. “Geo” means “Earth” and
“Thermal” means “Heat”
Multiple Choice – 10 Items
Direction: Write the letter (in capital) of the
best answer on the space provided.
1. The process of producing energy by utilizing
heat trapped inside the earth surface is called
_________?
A. Hydrothermal Energy
B. Geo-thermal Energy
C. Solar Energy
D. Wave Energy
2. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. Ocean
B. heat beneath Earth’s
C. sunlight
D. Wind
3. Who invented first geothermal plant?
A. Michael Faraday
B. Piero Ginori Conti
C. Enrico Fermi
D. Guglielmo Marconi
4. Which of the following sites is best for
obtaining geothermal energy?
A. near a volcano
B. windy area
C. deep parts of the ocean
D. near a waterfall
5. Why is energy needed to be transformed into
another form?
A. For the animals to multiply
B. To produce more equipment
C. So that plants and animals can survive
D. It has to be changed into more usable form.
6. It is ranked as the seventh largest globally,
this additional geothermal plant finds its home
in the picturesque province of Albay.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
7. This power station in the Philippines secures
its place as the eighth largest geothermal power
plant globally. It has an impressive boosting
output capacity of 232.5MW, this facility serves
as a vital energy source for Luzon Island.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
Philippines
D. none of the above
8. It is the fourth spot on the global geothermal
energy leaderboard is the impressive Makban
Geothermal Power Complex. This complex is a
true powerhouse in the energy landscape.
Consisting of six individual plants, the complex
sprawls across both the Laguna and Batangas
provinces in the Philippines.
A. Malitbog geothermal power station in the
philippines
B. Tiwi geothermal complex in the philippines
C. Makban geothermal complex in the
philippines
D. None of the above
9. Where does the first geothermal power plant,
the Larderello dry steam invented?
A. Tuscany, Italy
B. Tuscany, USA
C. Talisay, Italy
D. Talisay, Germany
10. “Geothermal” means:
A. “Geo” means “Fossil” and
“Thermal” means “Fuel”
B. “Geo” means “Plants” and
“Thermal” means “Oil”
C. “Geo” means “Earth” and
“Thermal” means “Heat”
Prezygotic barriers A reproductive barrier prevents organisms of different species from reproducing with each other. For example, a dolphin and a
shark cannot create offspring due to reproductive isolation. As organisms have developed over time they have gone through speciation - the process
of becoming a separate species reproductively capable only of creating offspring with its own species.
There are several types of prezygotic isolation that range from incompatibility of gametes to behaviors that result in incompatibility, and even a type
of isolation that physically inhibits individuals from breeding.
Mechanical Isolation
Mechanical isolation—the incompatibility of sexual organs—is probably the simplest way to stop individuals from reproducing with each other.
Whether it's the shape of the reproductive organs, the location, or differences in size that prohibit individuals from coupling, when the sexual organs
don't fit together, mating is not likely to occur.
In plants, mechanical isolation works a bit differently. Since size and shape are irrelevant to plant reproduction, mechanical isolation usually results
from the use of a different pollinator for the plants. For example, a plant that's structured for bee pollination will not be compatible with flowers that
rely on hummingbirds to spread their pollen. While this is still a result of differing shapes, it's not the shape of the actual gametes that matters, but
rather, the incompatibility of the flower shape and the pollinator.
 Mechanical isolation is very common in plants. For example, flowering plants that do not have the correct shape for a pollinator will not
receive a pollen transfer, and will therefore not be fertilized. In this case, the shape is the barrier.
Temporal Isolation
Different species tend to have different breeding seasons. The timing of female fertility cycles can result in temporal isolation. Similar species may be
physically compatible, yet may still not reproduce due to their mating seasons occurring at different times of the year. If the females of one species
are fertile during a given month, but the males are not able to reproduce at that time of the year, that can lead to reproductive isolation between the
two species.
Sometimes, mating seasons of very similar species overlap somewhat. This is especially true if the species live in different areas leaving no chance
for hybridization. However, it's been shown that similar species that live in the same area generally don't have phases of overlapping mating, even if
they do when in divergent environments. Most likely, this is an adaptation nature designed to reduce competition for resources and mates.
 Differences in breeding schedules, called temporal isolation, can act as a form of reproductive isolation. For example, two species of frogs
inhabit the same area, but one reproduces from January to March, whereas the other reproduces from March to May.
Behavioral Isolation
Another type of prezygotic isolation between species has to do with the behaviors of the individuals, and, in particular, the behaviors around mating
time. Even if two populations of different species are both mechanically and temporally compatible, their actual mating ritual behavior could be
enough to keep the species in reproductive isolation from one another.
Mating rituals, along with other necessary mating behaviors—such as mating calls and dances—are very necessary for males and females of the
same species to indicate it's time to reproduce. If the mating ritual is rejected or not recognized, then not mating will occur and the species will be
reproductively isolated from each other.
For instance, the blue-footed booby bird has a very elaborate mating dance the males must perform to woo the female. The female will either accept
or reject the advances of the male, however, other bird species that don't have the same mating dance will be fully ignored by the female—meaning
they have no chance of reproducing with a female blue-footed booby.
 Examples of Behavioral IsolationFor example, male fireflies of a variety of species signal to their female counterparts by flashing their lights
in specific patterns. Females will only respond to the signals flashed by their own species, preventing them from mating with other closely
related firefly species.
Habitat Isolation
Even very closely related species have preferences regarding where they live and where they reproduce. Sometimes, these preferred locations for
reproductive events are incompatible between species, which leads to what's known as habitat isolation. Obviously, if individuals of two different
species live nowhere near each other, there will be no opportunity to reproduce. This type of reproductive isolation leads to even further speciation.
However, even different species that live in the same locale may not be compatible due to their preferred place of reproduction. There are some
birds that prefer a certain type of tree, or even different parts of the same tree, to lay their eggs and make their nests. If similar species of birds are in
the area, they will choose different locations and will not interbreed. This keeps the species separate and unable to reproduce with one another.
 Habitat IsolationFor example, if two populations of flies exist in the same geographical area, but one group lives in the soil and another
lives on the surface of the water, members of the two populations are very unlikely to meet and reproduce.
Gametic Isolation
Gametic isolation ensures that only sperm of the same species can penetrate the egg of that species and no others. During sexual reproduction, the
female egg is fused with the male sperm and, together, they create a zygote. If the sperm and egg are not compatible, fertilization cannot occur. Due
to some chemical signals released by an egg, the sperm may not even be attracted to it. Another factor that prevents fusion is a sperm that can't
penetrate an egg due to its own chemical make-up. Either of these reasons is sufficient to frustrate fusion and prevent the formation of a zygote.
This type of reproductive isolation is especially important for species that reproduce externally in water. For instance, the females of most fish
species simply release their eggs into the water of their preferred breeding locale. Male fish of that species then come along and release their sperm
over the eggs to fertilize them. However, since this takes place in a liquid environment, some of the sperm get swept away by water molecules and
dispersed. Were there no gametic isolation mechanisms in place, any sperm could fuse with any egg, which would result in hybrids of whatever
species happened to be mating in the water there at the time.

 Gametic isolation
 Gametes of different species may fail to attract one another. For example, the sea urchins Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S.
franciscanus can be induced to release their eggs and sperm simultaneously, but most of the fertilizations that result are between eggs
and sperm of the same species.