REGULPROCESS

8 Rue Jean-Marie LEHN

67560 ROSHEIM
Tel: +33 3 88 18 17 17
Fax: +33 3 88 18 11 21
Email : info@regulprocess.com

DR 700 USER MANUAL

Voltage regulator for the control of synchronous machines requiring up to
10 Adc field excitation

Document Ref: IM DR700-2010-EN

Rev. 4

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 FOREWORD

We first would like to thank you for purchasing this product and we hope it will give you the utmost
satisfaction and contribute to your power system performance on the long term. Before proceeding to the
description of this product operation we would like to bring the following to your attention.

Despite our best efforts to offer and supply a product preventing any risk or event of human or auxiliary
equipment incident, this RegulProcess product remains an electrical component to be used with utmost
care and attention by emplementing basic safety precautions normally applied when manipulating
electrical devices (ie: Standard BS 6423:1983).

Also despite the apparent simplicity of setting up our products parameters RegulProcess strongly
recommends that information and recommendations contained in this User Manual are carefully observed.
This will ensure best performance and safety of your power system and reliabity of your product in the long
term.

RegulProcess will not accept any responsibility for damage incurred as a result of mishandling the equipment
or inappropriate connection of our product resulting in damages to the product itself or surrounding and/or
interconnected apparatus.

Should you have any concern or question, RegulProcess technical support engineers are at your disposal to
provide you with any information or clarification you may need. They can be contacted at:
info@regulprocess.com
Tel: +33 (0)3 88 18 17 17
Fax: +33 (0)3 88 18 11 21

Our Service and business partners around the world can also provide local support in your region and their
contact details can be found on our web site at:

www.regulprocess.com

This document and any associated material supplied with it are the exclusive intellectual property of
RegulProcess and as such all rights are reserved. Publication of this document without the express
authorization of RegulProcess is prohibited.

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 CONTENTS
1. Product Overview..........................................................................................................................................6
1.1 Regulation and Control.......................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 IGBT....................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Lead lag filter.......................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Limiters and Protections.......................................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Data Transfer and System control........................................................................................................... 7
2. Hardware Overview.......................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Analog input circuit.................................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.1 Generator voltage........................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.2 Grid voltage UNET.......................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.3 IG stator current............................................................................................................................. 9
2.1.4 Excitation current............................................................................................................................ 9
3. Mode of Operation......................................................................................................................................10
3.1 AVR....................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Manual operation (FCR)........................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 Reactive power regulation mode (Var).................................................................................................. 10
3.4 Power factor regulation mode (P.F)....................................................................................................... 10
3.5 Open-loop test or Angle Regulation...................................................................................................... 10
3.6 Droop Mode.......................................................................................................................................... 11
3.7 Network voltage tracking....................................................................................................................... 11
3.8 Soft-Start............................................................................................................................................... 11
4. Restriction and Protection...........................................................................................................................11
4.1 V / Hz Protection................................................................................................................................... 11
4.2 Rotating Diode monitoring..................................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Generator output voltage limiter............................................................................................................ 12
4.4 Over-excitation protection (OEL)........................................................................................................... 13
4.4.1 Over Excitation limiter................................................................................................................... 13
4.5 Under-excitation limiter......................................................................................................................... 14
5. Products Connection lists.............................................................................................................................15
5.1 Power Connector.................................................................................................................................. 15
5.1.1 Power supply AC or DC (P)........................................................................................................... 15
5.1.2 Generator Measurements (M)....................................................................................................... 16
5.1.3 Stator CT Sensing (MC)................................................................................................................ 16
5.1.4 Grid - Network Voltage sensing (N)...............................................................................................16
5.1.5 F + F- excitation output................................................................................................................ 16
5.1.6 Grounding (G)............................................................................................................................... 17
5.2 Command interface terminal block........................................................................................................ 17
5.2.1 Communication Interface.............................................................................................................. 17
5.2.1.1 USB (virtual serial port) on-board hardware.........................................................................17
5.2.1.2 SCADA interface and comm port on terminal.......................................................................17
5.2.1.2.1 RS485............................................................................................................ 17

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 5.2.1.2.2 CAN-BUS.......................................................................................................18
5.2.2 Inputs/Outputs............................................................................................................................... 18
5.2.2.1 Input Contact........................................................................................................................18
5.2.2.2 Outputs Contacts..................................................................................................................18
5.3 DR700 model 1 and 2........................................................................................................................... 19
5.4 Analog Inputs and outputs..................................................................................................................... 20
5.4.1 Analog value input......................................................................................................................... 20
5.4.2 Analog output ............................................................................................................................... 21
5.5 Jumpers configuration........................................................................................................................... 22
5.6 Mechanical description.......................................................................................................................... 23
6. Regulator Characteristics.............................................................................................................................25
6.1 Type test .............................................................................................................................................. 25
6.2 Type test Environment Requirement.................................................................................................... 25
6.3 CE compliance standards..................................................................................................................... 25
6.4 Dielectric Test........................................................................................................................................ 25
6.5 Regulation ............................................................................................................................................ 26
6.6 Electrical data....................................................................................................................................... 26
7. Human Machine Interface or SERDS............................................................................................................27
5.1 DR700 annunciation lights.................................................................................................................... 27
5.1.1 Run (Runing )---- Green............................................................................................................... 27
5.1.2 Fault (Error )------ red.................................................................................................................... 27
5.1.3 Communication (Comm )----- orange............................................................................................27
5.2 HMI (as option).................................................................................................................................... 28
5.2.1 Main Menu.................................................................................................................................... 28
5.2.2 Measurements Display................................................................................................................. 28
5.2.3 Parameter settings ...................................................................................................................... 29
5.2.4 Automatic Voltage Regulation mode PID (AVR)............................................................................30
5.2.5 Manual Regulation (FCR) PI......................................................................................................... 30
5.2.6 Power factor / VAR (PI) and UEL Mode........................................................................................ 30
7.0.1 Accuracy adjustment..................................................................................................................... 31
7.0.1.1Voltage Accuracy Calibration.................................................................................................31
5.2.9 Communication settings and miscellenaous................................................................................34
8. Software Overview.......................................................................................................................................35
8.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 35
8.2 System requirements:........................................................................................................................... 37
8.3 Getting started..................................................................................................................................... 38
8.3.1 Step 1 select communication port and data transfer rate:............................................................38
8.3.2 Step 2: Select the Voltage regulator............................................................................................. 39
8.3.3 Step 3: Select a slave address..................................................................................................... 40
8.4 Machine data....................................................................................................................................... 40
8.4.1 Machine parameters:................................................................................................................... 41
8.4.1.1 Generator rated Data ...........................................................................................................41
8.4.2 Communication set up:................................................................................................................ 42
8.4.3 System reference:........................................................................................................................ 42

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 8.4.4 System configuration:.................................................................................................................. 43
8.4.5 Redundancy -Master-Slave mode................................................................................................. 43
8.4.6 Synchronization............................................................................................................................ 44
8.4.6.1 Synchronization Parameters.................................................................................................44
8.4.7 Grid Voltage Matching................................................................................................................... 45
8.4.8 Protections selection.................................................................................................................... 45
8.4.9 Active functions ........................................................................................................................... 45
8.4.10 Other parameters to enter.......................................................................................................... 46
8.4.10.1 Droop adjustments control.................................................................................................46
8.5 Protections and limiters......................................................................................................................... 47
8.5.1 Stator Current limiter.................................................................................................................... 49
8.5.1.1 SCL enabling mode................................................................................................................50
8.5.2 Over-Excitation Limiter................................................................................................................. 51
8.5.3 V/Hz limit and protection.............................................................................................................. 52
8.5.3.1 V/HZ operation principle.......................................................................................................53
8.6 Stability settings for automatic voltage regulation.................................................................................54
8.6.1 Principle of operation................................................................................................................... 54
8.7 Loss of Excitation protection................................................................................................................. 55
8.8 Voltage Measurement Signal Loss Protection (PT Wire break)............................................................55
8.8.1 Detection of PT Loss of sensing................................................................................................... 55
8.8.2 Automated Parameters settings.................................................................................................... 56
8.8.2.1Parameters settings report:...................................................................................................56
8.8.2.2 Setting calculator..................................................................................................................56
8.8.2.3 Auto-Tuning (Option)............................................................................................................57
8.8.3 Automatic Voltage regulation adjustment (PID) stability filter........................................................58
8.8.3.1 Other regulation modes stability tuning...............................................................................60
8.8.4 Parameters filter (PID) setting range.............................................................................................60
8.8.5 SOE and Fault Recording............................................................................................................. 61
8.9 Machine data function and inputs/outputs on line monitoring...............................................................62
8.10 Metering and coeeficient on line monitoring.......................................................................................62
9.Typical parameters for a 8MVA Generator - Brushless..................................................................................63
10.Testing and trouble-shooting......................................................................................................................64
10.1 Loaded Test........................................................................................................................................ 64
10.2 Dummy Synchronization Test ............................................................................................................. 64
10.3 Trouble-shooting ................................................................................................................................ 64
10.3.1Generator Can’t Build-up Voltage................................................................................................64
10.3.2 Generator Voltage Unstable........................................................................................................ 65
10.3.3 Reactive Power Gradually Decreases after On-grid Connection................................................65
11. Configuration Record of DR700 .................................................................................................................66
11.1 Default Values for Parameter Setting ................................................................................................. 67

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1. Product Overview
DR700 is a digital voltage regulator integrating a 32 bit processor of the lastest generation. This excitation
system is dedicated to the control of synhronous machines equiped with AC rotating exciters and typically
ranging from 300 Kva to 5 Mva.

Designed to be used in a wide array of applications and more specifically for generators connected to the
grid, DR700 offers a complete set of features for the control and protection of your machine.

DR700 also integrates mutiple functionalities and communication capabilities which enable user to perform
remote or local control, setting and monitoring of its product with a PC or PDA or even mobile phone. This
makes it one of the most advanced control system in its category and above all, one of the most complete
for the machine size it can be used with.

1.1 Regulation and Control

With its multiple control features, DR700 can be used in a variety of generator control configurations
and offers a backup operation to the main automatic control mode.

1. Automatic mode: Generator terminal voltage regulation

2. Manual mode: Generator excitation current regulation
3. Power Factor Control: Parrallel operation with the grid
4. Reactive Power Control: Parrallel operation between generators
5. Firing Angle Control: Test mode control feature

Control mode tracking: Signal of active control mode is followed up by Field

Current Regulation (Manual) mode enabling bump-less
transfer in case of failure of the main operating mode.

Multi Channels tracking: Signal of main controller is followed up by non-active

unit enabling bump-less transfer between regulators.

Soft start Automatic Control of the start up ramp (in AVR mode)

Synchronizing / Voltage and speed control for Synchronization preparation

voltage matching

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 1.2 IGBT
The voltage input is Rectified into the DC power supply, and is fed to a PWM with freewheeling diode bridge
that is connected to the generator (brushless AC exciter).
The corresponding terminal number is Ie+ and Ie-, PWM control of the IGBT is done by the CPU. The power
input can also be done directly in DC power. See Power chapter

1.3 Lead lag filter

Regulating mode are performed using lead and lag filter parameter, or PID / PI setup depending of the
running mode to allow flexibility abd stability tuning of all DR700 operation mode.

1.4 Limiters and Protections

Limiters integrated in the DR700 provide means to maintain the generator operation during
transient conditions within safe operating limits.
Protections prevent excursions within unsafe areas of the machine operating limits and may be
used as back up to the generator main protective relays.

1. Over Excitation Limiter(OEL)

2. Under Excitation Limiter (UEL) and protection
3. Low frequency limiter (V/Hz) and protection
5. Rotating diode monitoring

1.5 Data Transfer and System control

DR700 includes provisions for digital and hardwire control together with transfer of main generator
parameters measurements as follows.

1. Inputs/Outputs 8 digital inputs / 2 analog inputs

4 digital outputs / 1 analog output

2. Generator data sensing Three-phase generator voltage measurement al

Single-phase system voltage measurement
Excitation current measurement
Single-phase stator current measurement

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2. Hardware Overview
This section describes the DR700's hardware and software capabilities, see block diagram below:

DR700

Figure DR700 Functional Block Diagram

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2.1 Analog input circuit
2.1.1 Generator voltage
The sampling rate uses 24-point per cycle. To avoid distortion the fix 24 points goes through a Fourier
algorithm to calculate the rms generator voltage.

The selection between a 100Vac and a 400Vac sensing is done with 2 jumper. See terminal description.
At the same time we compute zero-crossing by using a comparator using the square wave UAB sensing. Also
those sampling data are used to calculate the frequency of the generator, and Calculate the phase-locked
sampling frequency and period features.

2.1.2 Grid voltage UNET

The selection between a 100Vac and a 400Vac sensing is done with 2 jumper. See terminal description.
The sampling rate and calculations are similar to the generator sensing voltage.

2.1.3 IG stator current

Measuring is done on the C-phase through an external current transformer (CT) connected to terminals MC1
and MC2

The CT secondary rating can be 1 amp or 5 amps, the selection is done with the jumper JP1. Closed for 5A
sensing and open for 1A sensing.

The C-phase current is converted to ADC that measure the signal. This Stator current image use a 24-point
Fourier transform to calculate the RMS stator current, and is processed through a phasor algorithm to
calculate in real-time active and reactive power as well as the power factor angle.

2.1.4 Excitation current

The DR700 field current is sensed using LEM (Hall sensors) device that isolate, and uses filtering circuit,
before sending signal to an ADC converter.

The microprocessor calculate the output current to match the different regulation mode, as well as compute
over-excitation limiter (OEL) data.

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3. Mode of Operation
3.1 AVR
The automatic voltage regulation mode (AVR), will allow the DR700 to adjust the generator output voltage.
By measuring the voltage of the generator side, it will adjust excitation current.
You can adjust the reference by using the increase/decrease buttons. V / Hz voltage restriction is also in
operation during AVR mode and can also change the given reference.

3.2 Manual operation (FCR)

Manual operation mode also called the constant excitation current regulation or field current regulation
(FCR), works by adjusting the output of the excitation current to a given target.
This target can be changed by using the raise and lower button.

3.3 Reactive power regulation mode (Var)

When the generator is in network operation, the DR700 can guarantee the generator to supply a given
reactive power. DR700 uses the measure of the stator voltage and stator current to calculate the generator
reactive power. Then by adjusting the amount of excitation current, DR700 monitor the reactive power to
match the set point. Reactive power set point can be changed from -100% to +100% of rated reactive power.

3.4 Power factor regulation mode (P.F)

The functions is similar as to the VAR regulation, excepts the DR120 look at the power factor angle as a
reference. That referenced can range from 0.6 lag to 0.6 lead.

3.5 Open-loop test or Angle Regulation

DR700 provides an open-loop mode, this feature is enabled by the HMI. In this mode the output can be
directly fixed by the pulse duty cycle.

WARNING: In this mode, the regulator disable all protection. Do not activate this mode in shunt
application it may generate over voltage if in off line.

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3.6 Droop Mode
In case of paralleling generator, the droop mode can be used and adjusted to share reactive power
depending on the current measured on the stator line.

3.7 Network voltage tracking

This function can be accessed through the menu and allow voltage tracking of the grid voltage.

3.8 Soft-Start
The Soft start function is designed to prevent over-shooting of the terminal voltage during excitation
build-up. When start is initiated DR700 immediately build terminal voltage, by applying full opening
IGBT to create a fast excitation current build up.

The first step is to raise voltage to 30% of rated voltage of generator, thereafter the Regulator gradually
rise up within 5 sec to generator voltage pre-set value. The pre-set value may be determined by the
SERDS and stated as nominal voltage.
Soft start is operative only under Auto Mode.

UG
[%]

Initial SP

30%

1 6 [S]

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4. Limiters and Protection
4.1 V / Hz Protection
When the generator frequency is below 47.5Hz decline,we gradually decrease the voltage reference
following generator frequency. Default proportion rate is 2% / Hz. This value can change .

Note: If frequency drop less than 30 Hz, the regulator will automatically stop excitation.
Note : See Chapter 5.5.3 for V/Hz limiter

4.2 Rotating Diode monitoring

The following tasks are performed with the rotating diodes monitoring

Figure 1.23 Circuit Diagram of Rotating Diode Rectification

 Rotating diode open circuit monitoring.

 Rotating diode short circuit monitoring.
As diodes rotate together with generator rotors, so DR700 performs rotating diode monitoring by
means of the measurement of the ripple component calculated on field current.

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4.3 Generator output voltage limiter
To prevent saturation of generator core and excitation transformer, the system offers vervoltage
protection function. In the event that generator voltage exceeds 1.3 times of rated stator voltage, the
Voltage Regulator will quit the automatic operation.
While running in Constant Power Factor Mode or Constant Reactive Power Mode, and in order to
prevent generator voltage from deviating from normal range, the Regulator provides a maximal generator
voltage limiter and a minimal generator voltage limiter. If voltage goes beyond this range, the Regulator
switches to Auto Mode and leave the above regulating mode.

Parameter:
UG_MIN range of setting: 0.5pu～1.3pu standard value: 0.9pu
UG_MAX range of setting: 0.5pu～1.3pu standard value:1.1pu

4.4 Over-excitation protection (OEL)

Over-excitation limiter is to prevent long-term field winding rotor overload due to excitation. We are using
an inverse time characteristic curve.
Protection uses the following principles:
(A) Ifd> 2.2 times the rated time, after 1.5 seconds DR700 block IGBT.

Ifd_max is defaulted to 2.2 times the rated excitation current;

(B) Ifd> 1.1Ifdn, Ifd <1.0Ifdn we limit time using the inverse curve calculation:
Heat = ∫ (Ifd2-Ifdn2) * t;
Heat_n = ∫ (Ifd_2set-Ifdn2) * t_set;

Where: Ifd_set: Over excitation set times

t_ set: Over excitation time

(C) H0> 50%, signal, Limit excitation

H0: Calculated Heat rotor factor

H0> 80%, Go to manual operation and manually run the reference at 90% Ifdn
H0 <10%, you can revert to normal operation.

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4.4.1 Over Excitation limiter
The DR700 is build up with capability of forcing the excitation, providing enough power is available,
through the Power Transformer.
In case of system fault, the system’s transient stability can be improved by using forced excitation.
In order, to prevent generator overheating, ceiling current shall be limited.

Ceiling current “Ifdmax” can be set.

When fault happens, the excitation current can force excitation to ceiling current, the limiter operates
and hold the excitation current for a preset time. After the excitation time “t_set”, is done excitation current
returns to 1.1 time of Ifdn.

In the case of when fault happens, excitation current doesn’t exceed the pre-set forced excitation
ceiling current, the over-excitation time will be higher and depending on the heat calculation.
The characteristics of the above cases are shown in the following figure.
Over excitation limit is operative only under Auto Mode.

If [A]

prospective value
of field current

Ifd_max Case 1

Case 2

1.1Ifdn

T_set t [s]

Figure Excitation Ceiling Current Limiter Curve

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4.5 Under-excitation limiter
This limiter is to ensure that the generator reactive power does not enter into out of scope of the generator
reactive power capability while system is running in automatic control loop.

When the generator reactive power enter the under-excitation limit zone, the reactive power control loop
calculates the amount of excitation needed for the regulator to runs into reactive power, near the limit. If
system wants to go below the limit the DR700 will no longer continue to reduce excitation and will send an
alarm signal.

If the system conditions change, and DR700 calculates that the constant voltage control loop is greater than
the constant reactive power output, the regulator automatically switches automatically to voltage
regulation, thus to exit the under-excitation mode.
If the regulator enter the restricted area, but and if reactive power continued to decline, when once the
reactive power goes below the line of protection, the regulator sent an alarm signal and stop running in
automatic mode.
Under excitation limiter and its control loop parameters can be set on the menu.

Protection line is calculated from the limiter line reactive power times 1.25.

Where, Qa is zero active power

Qb point phase operation allows the maximum generator real power.
Qc point is the middle points

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5. Products Connection lists
The measurements and power terminal uses 13 * 4mm2 Terminal block on the left side of the board.

5.1 Power Connector

5.1.1 Power supply AC or DC (P)
Power Supply: 11 (P1 or UPA Phase A),
12 (P2 or UPB Phase B),
13 (P3 or UPC Phase C)
Note: The power supply can be independent of the phasing

Power supply voltage: 20V ~ 250V, single or three-phase or DC power supply up to 300VDC
Note: Use 11: P1 (DC+) and 12: P2 (DC-)

Power frequency: DC or 50 ~ 400Hz

Power consumption: 750 VA for 7A and 220Vac power.

5.1.2 Generator Measurements (M)

Gen. voltage measurement:
Type:
Power consumption:
Rated voltage:
Rated frequency:
1 ((M)L1 or Phase A),
2 ((M)L2 or Phase B),
3 ((M)L3 or Phase C)
Single or three-phase. For single phase use 1((M)L1) and 2((M)L2).
<1 VA
100Vac OR 400Vac jumper selectable.
50/60 Hz voltage measurement range

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5.1.3 Stator CT Sensing (MC)
Stator current measurement: 4 ((M)C1) and 5 ((M)C2)
Type: Single-phase (C phase), 50/60 Hz
Power consumption: <1VA

5.1.4 Grid - Network Voltage sensing (N)

Voltage measurements:
Type:
Power consumption:
Rated voltage:
Rated frequency:
6 ((N)L1) and 7 ((N)L2)
Single-phase, A, B-phase line voltage
<1 VA
100Vac OR 400Vac jumper selectable.
50/60 Hz voltage measurement range

5.1.5 F + F- excitation output

Rated continuous output: 120Vdc, 7A or 10 A
Terminal Number: 9 (F- or Ie-) and 8 (F+ or Ie+)
10 sec. Forcing at 220Vdc: 30A

5.1.6 Grounding (G)

System Ground: Terminal 10 (G)

5.2 Command interface terminal block

They are composed of 36 connectors for model 1 and 30 connectors for model 2, accepting 1.5mm2 wires.

Model 1 Model 2

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5.2.1 Communication Interface
5.2.1.1 USB (virtual serial port) on-board hardware
This port will replace the standard RS232, an adapter can be delivered.
Interface: USB
Baud Rate: 9600
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop Bits: 1

5.2.1.2 SCADA interface and comm port on terminal

5.2.1.2.1 RS485
Interface: RS485
Baud Rate: 9600
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop Bits: 1
Terminal No.: 13 (R+ also called A) /
30 (R- Also called B ) /
For model 1 Terminal 29 (RG Also called G)
For model 2, the ground is made internally.
Communication protocols: Modbus RTU7

5.2.1.2.2 CAN-BUS
Rate: 40Mbaud
Terminal No.: 11(CH) /28(CL) /
For model 1 12(CG) or 29 (RG)
For model 2, the ground is made internally.

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5.2.2 Inputs/Outputs
5.2.2.1 Input Contact
Type: Dry contact.
Common point: +24Vdc on terminal 1 (V+)

Contact input terminals are defined as follows:

2 (I1) : Start
19 (I2) : Manual/Auto. Closed for manual mode.
3 (I3) : Increase reference
20 (I4) : Decrease reference
4 (I5) : PF/VAR enable (closed to activate)
21 (I6) : Slave mode (closed if a slave)
5 (I7) : Grid breaker status. Closed if breaker closed.
22 (I8) : Speed and voltage matching activation.

5.2.2.2 Outputs Contacts

Type: dry contact
Contact rating: 1.0A 30Vdc 0.5A 125V ac

Contact output terminals are defined as follows

6/23 (D1/D2) : Alarm output
7/24 (D3/D4) : Generator circuit breaker close command
8/25 (D5/D6) : Increase speed.
9/26 (D7/D8) : Spare
10/27 (D9/D0): Decrease speed

5.3 DR700 model 1 and 2

Model 1 Model 2

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5.4 Analog Inputs and outputs
5.4.1 Analog value input
The DR700 provides 2 Analog value input refrenced as follow

Analog Input 1 : 14/A1 or AI1 and 31/A2 or AI2

Analog Input 2 : 15/A3 or AI3 and 32/A4 or AI4
Those analog inputs allow the DR700 reference to be driven by an external analog inputs.

Remote analog value control is operative under the digital control mode only.
Analog value inputs under Auto-, Manual-, Power Factor- and Reactive power modes are shown in the
following figure.

The setup inputs of the external analog driving curve is shown below. Please note that the following curve
can be different depending of the facts that limiters and protection are active. Activation of these limiters
and protection will impact the upper and lower limits of each variables (Reference) to be controlled.
The analog inputs effects uses differential input method for analog value input.
The maximal input value is 10V.

Please note that DR700 offers auxiliary ±10V voltage on terminals 17/+V and 34/-V

UG_REF Ie_REF

1. 25 1. 25
rated rated

0V +10V 0V +10V

Figure
. 1.6 External Setpoint AI for AUTO MODE Figure
. 1.7 External Setpoint AI for MANU MODE

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5.4.2 Analog output

Q_REF PF_REF

75%
rated 0.5

-10V -10V

+10V +10V
-75%
rated -0.5

Figure 1.8 External Setpoint AI for VAR Mode Figure 1.9 External Setpoint AI For PF Mode

DR700 offers throug its analog value output, an image of any internal variable depending of the output
parameter selected.

The following table offers some commonly-used codes. Contact us for more code information.

Code Definition Code Definition

0 Terminal voltage of generator UG 2 Set Value for Auto operation UG_REF
4 Excitation current Ie 5 Set Value for Manual operation IF_REF
6 Additional analog value - random 64 Total control value UK
noise test signal URAN

[V]

Refer to the figure to the right for the effect. 2V

The Rated value of each variable corresponds to 2V.

Rated
Definition of terminals: -2.0V [%]

16 / AO AO+
33 / AG AO-
Figure 1.10 AO

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5.5 Jumpers configuration
Contact Pin Connected
JP1 Rated CT 5A
JP2 Measurement range of stator voltage
UAB:400V(direct measurement)
JP3 Measurement range of grid voltage
USAB:400V(direct measurement)
JP4 Measurement range of stator voltage
UBC:400V(direct measurement)
JP5 CAN communication terminal resistor
switch on(network terminal)
JP6 RS485 communication terminal resistor
switch on(network terminal)
JP8 Black-start enabled (self-excitation
system)
JP9 Watchdog signal effective (normal
operation)
Contact Pin Disconnected
Rated CT 1A
Measurement range of stator voltage UAB:100V(PT)
Measurement range of grid voltage USAB:100V(PT)
Measurement range of stator voltage UBC:100V(PT)
CAN communication terminal resistor switch off(non
network terminal)
RS485 communication terminal resistor switch off(non
network terminal)
Black-start disabled (separate excitation system)
Watch dog signal disconnected (disconnection needed
when writing flash)
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5.6 Mechanical description

55

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6. Regulator Characteristics
6.1 Type test
Shock: pulse duration 11ms
- 3, number of pulses of each axis 6.
- Acceleration amplitude: 50.00m/S2

Vibration: Frequency range: 10Hz-150Hz

Acceleration amplitude: 10.0m/S2
In the direction of three mutually perpendicular axis.
Test duration 24 minutes / frequency range 10Hz-150Hz

Weight and dimensions for the regulator (without the power bridge)
Weight: 780 Grammes
Weight and dimensions for the 7A power bridge
Weight: 550 Grammes

6.2 Type test Environment Requirement

Range of working temperature
Range of storage temperature
Resistance to vibration
Resistance to impact
Resistance to earthquake
-40～+70°C
-40～+85°C
IEC 60068-2-6, Class 2
IEC 60255-21-2, Class 2
IEC 60255-21-3, Class 2

6.3 CE compliance standards

Electromagnetic compatibility directive: 89/336/EEC
Common standard for radioactive sources: EN 50081-2 (IEC 61000-6-4)
Common standard: IEC/EN 61000-6-2

6.4 Dielectric Test

Power components: 2KV AC , 1m
Voltage measurement: 2KV AC , 1m
Electrical control assemblies: 2KV AC, 1m

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6.5 Regulation
FCR (Manual) Manual work
Adjustment range: 0 ~ 7 Adc or 0 ~ 15A
Step: 0.1Adc

Constant reactive power (Var) operation mode (optional)

Adjustment range: -100 ~ 100%
Step: 1%

Constant power factor (PF) adjustment method (optional)

Adjustment range: 0.6 (lagging) to 0.6 (leading)
Step: 0.001

Reactive power transfer difference

Difference Adjustment range: ± 15%
Steps: 0.1%

Build up from zero

Step value: 97% rated

6.6 Electrical data

Power: - 60～300V DC voltage
- single phase, 40～250 V AC ,40～600 Hz
- three phase, 40～250 V AC ,10～600 Hz

Excitation output current: - continuous current at 60°C, 10 A

- 10s maximal overload current, 30 A

Excitation output voltage: - continuous voltage, 0～150 V DC

- 10s maximal overload voltage, 300V DC

Accuracy of voltage regulation: <0.5%

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7. Human Machine Interface or SERDS
5.1 DR700 annunciation lights
5.1.1 Run (Runing )---- Green
This indicator (green) indicates the working status of the regulator. If the regulator out of operation, this
indicator flashes once every 2 seconds;

• if DR700 works in the automatic voltage regulation (AVR) mode, then the indicator flashes
every 1 second,
• if the DR700 works in manual mode (FCR), the Light flashes every 0.5 second.

5.1.2 Fault (Error )------ red

This indicator is used to inform that an alarm status has been triggered. If a regulator internal and/or
external fault occurs, this LED will be active. You may can use the HMI screen [fault Display] function, to
identify the fault.

5.1.3 Communication (Comm )----- orange

This indicator is used to indicate that DR700 is working with a background monitoring system, or other
DR700 for data exchange.

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 5.2 HMI (as option)
This Liquid crystal display is an important human-machine dialog window and is embedded with keyboard
operation, it can display :
– Parameter setting,
– Test function,
– Show Alarm, sequence of events
– It is build with a temperature detection which automatically adjusts contrast of the LCD display
making the liquid crystal display clear and accurate.
The following items are accessible.

5.2.1 Main Menu

Press Enter key [OK] to enter the main menu,
Press the Cancel button [ESC] to display one level back.

5.2.2 Measurements Display

This menu will show all measured data and calculated values:
UAB1: AB-phase line voltage generator
-- ---Measure ----
UBC1: BC-phase line voltage generator UAB1： V
UCA1: CA-phase line voltage generator UBC1： V
IC: C-phase current generator UCA1： V
IC： A
COSΦ: Generator power factor
COSΦ
F0: Generator frequency F0： Hz
F1: System voltage and frequency F1： Hz
P: Active power P: KW
Q: KVar
Q: Reactive power IFD： A
IFD: DR700 output DC current US: V
US: System voltage

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 5.2.3 Parameter settings
This is the main configuration menu, needed for the AVR to work properly; it defines the PID control,
protections and limiters parameters.
-------Settings--------
>> Indicates that a lower level menu exists 1、Auto PID 》》
2、Manual PID 》》
3、PF/VAR PID》》
Forcing excitation:
4、Forcing 2.0
Set the maximum excitation current to be allowed 5、Forcing T 10 S
6、Xq：:0.5
setting range: 1.3 to 2.0 times the rated nominal current
7、V/Hz Ratio 1.15
8、Droop 15%
9、Sync. DU 150
Forcing excitation time:
10、Sync.DF 20
Set the maximum field current time allowed to be maintained 11、Sync. T 10S
Setting range: 2 ~ 10 seconds

Xq: generator quadrature axis reactance

V / Hz ratio: Set V / Hz limiters

Droop:
Adjusted droop coefficient.
Used For parallel operation of units to allow reactive power sharing.
Setting range from 0 to 15%, range 0.1%

DU:
Allow setting the grid generator and system voltage difference permitted before synchronization
Setting range 0 to 5%

DF:
Allows tuning the generator and grid frequency difference permitted before synchronization
Setting Range 0 ~ 0.1Hz

Lead time before closing:

Set the lead time before allowing the breaker to close for synchronization
Setting Range 20ms ~ 100ms

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 5.2.4 Automatic Voltage Regulation mode PID (AVR)

Range of voltage adjustment: 30%～130%

Accuracy of adjustment: <0.5%
Response time: 3.3 ms

DR700 automatic transfer function is as follows:

------PID----
1 1+T3 1  T 1s 1  T 3s T1= S
Kp∗(1+ + ) or KP
sT1 1+T4 1  T 2s 1  T 4s T2= S
T3= S
T4= S
Time constant of AC exciter is reduced by adjusting the negative feedback
KP=
coefficient , called β or rotor voltage feedback. Increasing this terms will =
improve voltage response speed.
Kp: Stands for the proportionnal coefficient
T1: Stands for the Integral coefficient

5.2.5 Manual Regulation (FCR) PI

Range of adjustment: 0～10 Adc
Step length: 0.2Adc/s
------FCR PID -----
Te1= S
Adjustments performed following the PI transfer functions Te2= S
KP=

1+Te1S
Ke
1+Te2S

5.2.6 Power factor / VAR (PI) and UEL Mode

Reactive power and power factor calculation are obtained by computing the measurement of the stator
voltage and generator current values. Therefore fine adjustments must be done for both these measured
values for correct operation of this mode.

Range of constant reactive adjustment: -30%～100% of rated reactive power

Range of constant power factor adjustment: -0.5(lead)～0.5(lag)

--- PF/VAR/UEL---
Set the constant power factor and constant reactive power PI parameters Tq1= S
Tq2= S
Kq=
1+Tq1S
Kq
1+Tq2S

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 Note concerning UEL Mode
Note concerning UEL Mode
In case of UEL limiters being active, the Regulator will use
theInVAR
caseclosed
of UEL limiters
loop being active,
adjustment thetoRegulator
and filter adapt thewill use
reactive
the VAR closed loop adjustment and filter to adapt
power value affecting the UEL limiters functions. the reactive
power value affecting the UEL limiters functions.

For this reason, even if the system is not tuned to be

For thisunder
working reason, even ifpower
reactive the system is not
operation or tuned
powertofactor
be
working under reactive power operation or power factor
operation, it is necessary to setup these PI parameters to ensure
operation, it isstable
correct and necessary to of
actions setup
the these
UEL. PI parameters to ensure
correct and stable actions of the UEL.

7.0.1 Accuracy adjustment

-----Accuracy------
DR700 has no hardware potentiometer, its measurement error can be tuned UAB1: 1.000
using the [accuracy adjustment] Menu. UBC1: 1.000
UCA1: 1.000
IA: 1.000
P1: 1.000
Q1: 1.000
Ie: 1.000
7.0.1.1Voltage Accuracy Calibration US : 1.000

Applicable Formula to calculate the accuracy coefficient of each phase:

U rated  K old
K 
U dis

Urated: rated stator voltage set in【Generator Parameter】

Kold: accuracy coefficient set in【Accuracy Adjustment】

Udis: UAB, UBC and UCA displayed on 【Measurement Display】

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 4.1.3.2 Stator Current Calibration

Stator current terminal measurement of the DR700 is computed from the CT connection 1A (5A) current
using the formula below:

I 1  K old
K 
I dis
I1: primary rated current of current transformer
Kold: accuracy coefficient set in【Accuracy Adjustment】
Idis: stator current shown in 【Measurement Value Display】 menu

4.1.3.3 P.Q Calibration

Active power and reactive power are obtained by multiplying single phase power of generator by 3. The
power factor is obtained by P.Q value.

 
S U I
P
cos  
P2  Q2
Accuracy calibration is performed by the same method of voltage and current.
Apply a measuring signal on terminals(UAB and IC), obtain theoretical value of power, multiply by original
power factor and divide by corresponding display value, This will give you the corresponding accuracy
coefficients K_P and K_Q.

4.1.3.4 Excitation Current Calibration

Zero bias calibration: In case no output current is generated, DR700 shall display a zero excitation current, if
the display is not zero, input the display excitation current value in 【Accuracy Adjustment】Ie_bias, the
software automatically eliminates the bias.

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 4.1.3.5 Excitation current Accuracy calibration

Connecting DC or AC power source(single or three phase) to power input terminals C11, C12 and C13,
connects load resistors to power output terminals C9 and C10.
First set rated excitation current in 【Generator Parameter】.
Enable open loop mode or manual mode.
Excitation current Ie shown in 【Measurement Value Display】 menu.

I e _ real ´ K -Ie-old
K _ Ie =
I e_dis
Ie_real: measured actual current
Ie_dis: display current
K_Ie: Ie accuracy coeficient

4.1.3.6 Pre-setting of Limit Protection and Operation Parameters

Forced excitation time: Generally set at 10～20s.

Forced excitation multiple: Generally set at 0.8-2.0 times.
V/Hz: Generally set at 1.15～1.3 time for generator.
Under excitation limit: Three set points,
Qa is set as -30% of rated reactive power,
Pb is set as apparent power,
Pc is set as 50% of rated active power.
Reactive current compensation Polarity: Set as Positive for generator system,
as negative for generator-transformer system.
Ratio of reactive current compensation: Normally set as 5%～10%, for generator-transformer system,
set as 0~-6%.
Delta DU: normally set at 3%～5%.
Delta DF: normally set at 0.4Hz.
Parallel time: set at desired time between closing command and closed breaker.
Compensation of phase-angle difference: If a different angle exists between generator PT and system PT,
e.g., in case grid connection point is on the high side of
transformer, angle compensation is required.

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 5.2.9 Communication settings and miscellenaous
-Com Settings---
Address: 1 ~ 255 Address： 0001
Baud Rate: Set the RS485 communication speed, Baud 1 ： 9600
DO Add： 0001
maximum 38400 DI Add： 0001

O/A Output: Select the D / A conversion of the variable you want an output for

Code Definition Code Definition

0 Terminal voltage of generator UG 2 Set Value for Auto operation UG_REF
4 Excitation current Ie 5 Set Value for Manual operation IF_REF
6 Additional analog value - random 10 Q (VAR) Reference
noise test signal URAN
63 PSS Signal 64 Total control value UK

I/A Input: Select the D / A conversion of the variable you want the input to affect the regulation mode

Code Definition Code Definition

0 AVR 1 FCR
2 Var 3 PF

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8. Software Overview

8.1 Introduction

Important notes:
Important notes:
Please refers to the SERDS manual for complete understanding of
Please refers to the SERDS manual for complete understanding of
the SERDS software
the SERDS software
Please also note, that the different SERDS screen shot, can differ
Please also note, that the different SERDS screen shot, can differ
depending on the SERDS version installed
depending on the SERDS version installed

The original purpose of the software is to provide a visual detail of RegulProcess Control System settings,
help service engineers install and commission the equipment, reconfigure settings, carry out operation tests
and locate faults in the power system, if any.

The SERDS is a versatile communication software suitable for the entire RegulProcess DR (Digital Regulator)
product range and usable on virtually any kind of graphical interface.

• The SERDS uses a “point and click” approach and selectable windows to set up the control device.
For security, some of the software windows can only be unlocked after a previous one has been fully and
correctly programmed.

• Insertions and guidelines are also provided in the menus to help user in the proper set up of each
parameter. This interactive, safe and educative approach offers all the assurances needed for the user to
properly program his control device.

• Tests and metering windows are also available to fine tune the unit and perform recorded and
printable reports useful for documentation. Each settings scheme created can be saved as a file and
uploaded to other RegulProcess devices operating on the same type of machines.

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• Finally the SERDS enables you to edit reports of system set up and machine data (normally supplied
by RegulProcess only) for printing and recordings. The screen-shots below present illustrative pages of
the reporting feature of DR700.

IMPORTANT NOTE
This manual is written in order to provide user with a mean to set up his
control system without assistance. RegulProcess however provides free
setting parameters calculation which only require user to fine tune his
parameters once this information is transmitted to the control system. For
safety and efficiency it is recommended to use this database to perform
and facilitate setting arrangement of your generator control system.

The presence of a certified electrical engineer, preferably trained by

RegulProcess is an absolute safety requirement whenever attempting
to set up or modify DR control system parameters.

For further information, support request or service inquiry please consult

RegulProcess at

www.info@regulprocess.com or

+33 (0)3 88 87 18 17 17

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8.2 System requirements:
1) Installation of the maintenance software:
The SERDS works on a Java Platform that may need to be installed prior to executing the software on your
interface system (jre file, Java Runtime Environment version 1.7 and onward). Should this be necessary the
following window will pop up on your screen and guide you the the relevant web page where this software
can be downloaded for free

2) Operating Software:

• Windows XP
• Windows Vista (SP1 or later versions)
• Linux
• Android System
• Mac OSX

3) PC:
A laptop that meets the following or higher requirements is recommended to use SERDS:
• OS: Windows or Linux
• CPU :1GHz or more
• Memory : 512Mbytes or more(XP), 1Gbytes or more(Vista)
• Communication I/F : Ethernet (10/100Mbps)
• Screen resolution : 1024×768 (XGA) or more
• Display font : Small size font only

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8.3 Getting started
Com. Port set up

Editing features

AVR selection

When first opening SERDS software the home screen above will appear.

This window enables you to:

• Select the type of product you wish to program and establishes communication with the unit
• Set up your computer interface port and data transfer rate
• Save and Edit parameters entered once the AVR is ready for use

A check list guides you through this process and highlights windows that have already been programmed

8.3.1 Step 1 select communication port and data transfer rate:

The SERDS will automatically detect communication ports available.
Select the appropriate port connected to the cable interface.

Select the data transfer rate (typically 9600 baud)

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8.3.2 Step 2: Select the Voltage regulator
Since SERDS is a standard software for all RegulProcess digital control systems, several choices are available
for your selection:
DR 700
DR 1200
DR 2100

If you accidentally select an incorrect product an error signal will appear when communication attempt to
the device is made. In that case, close the error window and re-select the proper device.

The window below appears and enables you to customize the name of the device you wish to program.
Once defined, click “ OK “and a a frame will be initialized to program the unit.

Once this is completed, you may select:

• Activate logging to enter in communication with the device
• OK to set up the device off-line

When confirmed the SERDS home screen will re-appear and the devices pictures that were not selected will
be de-activated. You can start programming your device.

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8.3.3 Step 3: Select a slave address
By default 1 will be displayed

If you cannot establish communication, then your system might have a

different rating from the default one, or different modbus Slave address.
Should this happen, Select into your DR the correct configuration:
– The correct RS485 address (between 2 and 255)
1 is usually reserved for standard USB or serial connection
– The correct baud rate and correct parity and stop bit

RS485, Slave address from 2 to 255. The slave address 1 is reserved for the administrator access, therefore it
is advised not to use that address for the RS485 communication.

8.4 Machine data

By right clicking Machine data in the introduction window of SERDS you are invited to enter your
generator/motor technical data as the first step of the programming process.

Note: Writing data to the DR using SERDS needs Root (Administrator) access.
By default the root password is 9999

This information is important as it will condition some of the excitation system readings and the internal
calculations of the SERDS which are provided to ease your setting process. Therefore take careful
precautions at entering the correct figures.

To help you in this task for each machine

parameter to be filled-in a window will appear
giving you the minimum and maximum figure
you may enter for this particular parameter as
shown on the example below. If an incorrect
figure is mistakenly entered an error message
will appear (as shown below right side) and
display the acceptable set up range.

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8.4.1 Machine parameters:
8.4.1.1 Generator rated Data

Most of these values are generally provided within the generator data sheet. All lines should be filled in to
enable proper calculation of the system parameters.

Display Unit Range for DR700

Rated terminal voltage V 1 to 20,000

Rated Stator Current A 1 to 9999

Rated Generator Power Factor pf -0.7 to -1 / 0.7 to 1

Generator Xq (Quadrature axis reactance) - 0 to 99.99

Required mostly if PSS function is used.

Rated Generator frequency Hz 50 or 60

Grid voltage kV 0 to 20

Rated Rotor Voltage V 0 to 20,000

Rated Rotor current A 0 to 7

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8.4.2 Communication set up:
This window determines the designated communication port and communication speed between the
control system com. Ports and your interface.

Display unit Range

Baud rate Baud 9600; 19,200 or 38,400

RS 485 Address - 2 to 255

RS 485 Address (to be reserved) - 1

8.4.3 System reference:

This window determines your system operational settings. They are user adjusted and automatically
generated.

Display unit Range

Power Factor Automatically calculated

Build up p.u. 0.01 to 2.99

(coefficient of terminal voltage)

Var Ref. 0.3 to 1.3

Rated AVR mode Automatically calculated

Droop 0.1 to 15.0

(voltage deviation tolerance applied for parallel operation)

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8.4.4 System configuration:
The sensing mode and other selection windows will guide you through the definition of your
excitation system configuration, the signals sent to your user defined input and output and the type
of protection you wish to activate during operation.

Selection

Sensing Mode 1 or 3 phase

Redundancy Type Single (No redundant AVR available)

Redundant (for dual AVR applications)

Redundancy Mode (for dual AVR systems) Master (to designate the AVR as the main unit)
Defines each AVR function (Master/Salve) Slave (to designate the AVR as the back up unit)

Analogue Output (Provides an ouput signal for the Select one of the 7 output parameters available
selected parameters) for display on your interface

Analogue Input (Provides input for remote control of Select one of the remote control modes available
the selected signal)

8.4.5 Redundancy -Master-Slave mode

DR700 can be set as a dual channel configuration or Master-Slave configuration. The two channels are
interlinked by CAN-BUS to exchange operation data. The two channels are autoomaticaly tracing each
others, and can switch bumpless between them or during the detection of an abnormal regulation.

In normal operation, change over channel can be done by means of a changeover contact. When
adopting dual channel operation, the two Devices shall be set in dual channel mode, and their modbus
addresses shall be different, by adding one.

Example: Master 1, Slave2

Master 5, Slave 6

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8.4.6 Synchronization
Upon activation of the synchronizing mode by external contact, and providing that the function has
been enabled in the DR700, then sysnchronizing can starts.

To perform synchronizing, the Regulator sends out speed increase and decrease signals to the speed
governor according to your parameters.

When closing GCB requirements are met, the DR700 sends out a closing command to the GCB

The synchronization process can be controlled by digital input, allowig 500 ms closing pulse for breakers
to be effectively closed

8.4.6.1 Synchronization Parameters

Difference of voltage(DU): Difference between generator voltage and system voltage. Generally, GCB
closing command is allowed when difference of voltage is within the range of ±5% of rated voltage.

Difference of frequency(DF): Difference between generator frequency and system frequency. Generally,
GCB closing is allowed when difference of frequency is within the range of 0.5 Hz, the specific value may
be tuned.

Closing time of breaker: time between closing command and closed breaker.
Compensation angle: if an inherent angle exists between the system voltage signal and generator
voltage signal (e.g., a transformer lies in between), the inherent angle shall be offset in the program
using that parameter.

DR700 Synchronization module of DR700 must operate in

DR700 Synchronization module of DR700 must operate in
conjunction with an independent external synchrocheck
conjunction with an independent external synchrocheck
relay to ensure safety of operation.
relay to ensure safety of operation.

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8.4.7 Grid Voltage Matching
Voltage matching function is mainly used for no-load voltage build-up, the target voltage will be the
measured system grid voltage. In the event that both voltage matching function and build-up voltage are
switched on, if voltage grid sensing is present, its the voltage matching functions that will take over.

8.4.8 Protections selection

This window enables you to define which protections will be active during operation. Tick the appropriate
box to select your desired protective mode. Loss of sensing detection (PT wire break) is a standard
protection.

By selecting a protection function, a green light will activate in the next set up window (Protection)
corresponding to the feature activated. Protections not selected will display a red dot.
Protection not selected on this screen will not be programmable in the protection parameters set up up
window (see below).

8.4.9 Active functions

This window enables you to select the control modes and features available
in your system operating process.

At this stage this selection is only made to validate the function as an active
or back up mode of operation. Adjustment of stability and response of each
control mode will be made in the stability section.

Not selecting an option will completely disable the selected operation mode
and will not allow this feature to play a role in the regulation loop or be part
of the functional architecture of your system. Note however that in the
stability section, Var/PF and Field current regulation (manual) modes may still
be adjustable should you activate these functions later.

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8.4.10 Other parameters to enter

8.4.10.1 Droop adjustments control

To ensure proper distribution of the reactive power while parallelling generator sets, the Automatic
Voltage Regulator have reactive power adjustment capabilities, or so-called Droop Mode.
The Droop or Reactive power adjustment consists of positive adjustment, negative adjustment and zero
adjustment as shown in the figure below.
For systems using generator connected to the grid via step up transformers, the choice of a negative
adjustment or zero adjustment are generally to be chosen.

UG
Compensation

Droop

In the event that generators are directly connected to grid, positive adjustment must be pre-set
The Droop or Reactive power adjutsments, is computed using the following equation.
UG_REF0, stands as the initial voltage value.
UG_REF_QC, stands as VAR set value
K_QC, stands as the Reactive power adjustment ratio

Q
Positive adjustment: UG _ REF  UG _ REF 0  K _ QC   UGN
QN

Q
Negative adjustment: UG _ REF  UG _ REF 0  K _ QC   UGN
QN

QN: rated reactive power of generator

UGN: rated stator voltage of generator
UG: real-time stator voltage of generator

Reactive power adjustment function or droop mode is

Reactive power
enabled onlyadjustment function
during automatic or droop
voltage mode is
regulation.
enabled only during automatic voltage regulation.

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8.5 Protections and limiters
Protective features and limiters play an important role in your power system operation. While the latter
enables you to maintain operation of your generator within safe output limits, the protective functions can
be used as a back up to your main generator protection and will prevent any abnormal condition on the
power system to cause damage on your machine.

To best use these features make sure however that limiters and protection on your DR control system are
coordinated with your main generator protection.

• This will avoid inadvertent tripping of the machine by the relaying scheme before a limiter can be
activated.

• Setting of DR internal protection should in principle be set as a last barrier should your generator
protective relay not activate a trip on a low frequency or loss of excitation condition. It should
therefore be set with an equal as- or higher value than your protective relay setting.

Limiters and protections principle of operation and setting

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 6.1 Under-Excitation Limiter:
When the machine is absorbing large amounts of reactive power insufficient excitation may result in an
under-excited condition. The resulting effect can cause stator overheating and possibly affect the machine's
stability to a point where loss of synchronism may occur.

Q Qc Qb P
Whenever the AVR senses an operating condition in which
excitation level is determined to be too low the under-
excitation limiter (UEL) will work through the automatic
voltage regulator (AVR) to boost excitation
Qa
With the DR control system's UEL adjustment curve, the UEL 1.5
operating characteristic is designed to match as close as Q
possible the capability of the synchronous generator on the Fig. 1
Representation of Gen. UEL Limiter
P-Q diagram as illustrated on Fig. 1. setting

In DR control systems this Limitation works together with the UEL Protection. The first curve (Qa) is the
limitation curve the second (1.5 Q) is the protection limit.

• If the Reactive Power limitation fails and Reactive Power reaches the protective limits threshold, the
DR will switch to voltage regulation (droop) control.
• If reactive Power goes beyond the protective threshold the DR unit will switch over to manual (FCR)
and an alarm signal is triggered.

The UEL limiting function is defined by ploting in three points generally

matching or set slightly below generator capability curve. To set up your UEL
curve, enter values in lines UEL A, UEL B and UEL C which correspond to your
desired curve. Based on the values entered the graphical representation of your
settings will appear on the virtual P/Q diagram curve of your generator as
illustrated below.

Display unit Range

UEL A Kvar 0 to -30,000

UEL B - 0 to 50,000

UEL C - 0 to 20,000

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 Note: When the system is on line you may visualize the generator excursion within
Note:
the When the system
P/Q diagram is on line
by clicking you may PQ
“Generator visualize the generator
position”. excursion
This feature enableswithin
you to
thesee
P/Q diagram
the by position
real time clicking “Generator PQ position”.
of your generator This feature
power with enables
regard to you to
its capability.
see the real time position of your generator power with regard to its capability.

8.5.1 Stator Current limiter

The Stator Current Limiter (SCL) function acts to modify excitation in order to limit generator output current
(stator current) at a preset value. The SCL limiter will act upon the excitation level based on:

• Vars being imported (leading) => Increase excitation

• Vars being exported (lagging) by the generator => Reduce excitation

SCL Parameters set up is based on:

➔ The coefficient of nominal field current (Inverse time pick up) allowed until the limiter operates.
➔ Inverse time curve which determines the time delay allowed by user for the generator to operate at
the maximum stator current level (pick up level).
➔ The inverse time mode which determines the speed at which reduction of excitation will proceed on
an inverse time curve until reactive power reaches 0

Display unit Range

Inverse Time curve Sec. 0.01 to 40

Inverse Time pick up p.u. of Stator current 0.3 to 1.3

Inverse Time mode Inverse time coeff. 0 to 2

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8.5.1.1 SCL enabling mode

The criteria to enter that mode within the DR700 is described below
1. Generator stator over current protection operate time is computed following the formula:

A* K
T=
I a
( ) -1
I SET

According to the overload conditions of generator, the following three sets of parameters may be
chosen from:

When M=0, A = 0.14, a = 0.02 ;

When M=1, A = 13.5, a = 1 ;

When M=2, A = 80, a = 2 ;

K is in within the range of 0~30

2. When limiters is active, the Regulator sends out alarm signal and reduce or maintain generator stator
current, depending on the following three operation conditions:

1） When the reactive value is positive and beyond the range of -5%* S R < Q < 5%* S R , the Regulator

will tend yo decrease the amount of excitation flux till stator current is smaller than the rated value.

During flux decreasing, if the reactive value enters the range of -5%* S R < Q < 5% * S R , the

process of flux decreasing terminates.

Where:
Q: reactive value of generator in operation.

S R : rated apparent power of generator.

2） When the reactive value is negative and beyond the range of -5%* S R < Q < 5%* S R , the Regulator

increase the excitation flux, till stator current is smaller than the rated value. During flux increasing, if

the reactive value enters the range of -5%* S R < Q < 5% * S R , the process of flux increasing

terminates.
3） If stator current exceeds limit and generator reactive value is within the range of

-5%* S R < Q < 5% * S R , the Regulator only sends out alarm signal.

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8.5.2 Over-Excitation Limiter

Operation in the overexcited region of the machine’s capability curve can cause excessive field current.
Also since the machine’s capability is a function of time and other generator characteristics such as
cooling method (air, hydrogen or water) the over-excitation limiter operation may be a function of these
parameters condition.

• The DR700 Over-excitation limiter operates with a tolerance time t, which has an inverse relation
proportional to the generator exciting current Ifd2

• It also integrates together with its over-excitation settings a temperature based algorithm acting in
the summing point of the OEL operating function.

To set up your over-excitation limiter you need to enter the following data:

➔ The maximum forcing current (expressed as a ratio of the nominal field current) you wish to allow
the generator to operate at.

➔ The duration you will enable this maximum current to be maintained before the limiter comes into
operation

Display unit Range

Forcing p.u. of Ifn 1 to 3

Forcing time Sec. 0 to 30

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8.5.3 V/Hz limit and protection
V/Hz limitation prevents generator & grid transformer magnetic saturation. This limiting feature is also useful
when a large load is applied to the generator. When such situation occurs, a certain time can happen until
the prime mover is able to sustain this load resulting in a temporary loss of speed. This loss of speed is
electrically translated into a frequency decrease on the generator.

To assist the prime mover in such condition the AVR implements a fast acting under frequency function that
reduces generator terminal voltage as a function of frequency. The relation between electrical power output
and mechanical load will enable the prime mover to see a corresponding decrease in its mechanical load.

The operating principle of the limiters and protection are as follow:

The Volt/Hz limiter acts as frequency compensation. The slope defined is represented as example in the
figure below. The limiter will clamp excitation once the Volt/Hz limit is reached.

Display Ratio / value Range

Volt/Hz slope 0.01 to 1.50

Frequency knee point 50 Hz system >45 Hz and <47.5Hz

Frequency knee point 60 Hz system >55 Hz and <57,2 Hz

Selected
V/Hz slope

U Gen nom.

V/Hz slope
Lower limit
V/Hz slope
Higher
limit

F nom.

In addition to the limiter, the Volt/Hz protections act as follow:

Upper limit: When V/Hz>(setting value+0.05) => V/Hz fault LED lights up
This condition will cause the regulator to switch over to manual mode. 1s later, if the V/Hz limiter remains
acting, this channel stops.

Lower limit: If frequency drops below the minimum knee point value (45 or 55 Hz depending on system
nominal frequency), the excitation system will shut down.

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8.5.3.1 V/HZ operation principle
UG(pu)
_

The V/Hz protection fundamental equations is described Fknee

below:

U G ( pu ) Kset V/Hz
K=
FG ( pu )

U G ( pu ) : Per-unit value stands for the actual generator 0.7Kset

voltage.
FG(pu)
70% 95% 100%
FG ( pu ) : Per-unit value of actual generator frequency, value

based from the nominal frequency of generator FN(50 or 60 Hz);

K SET is V/Hz protection setting value in Regulator parameter setting.

If F ( pu ) is less than 95%, K > K SET

the Regulator automatically reduce magnetic flux to:

U G ( pu )=K SET * FG ( pu )

If K is always greater than K SET , the Regulator delays to an adjustable time and quit operation.

The Device shuts down when frequency is lower than 30Hz.

The Device shuts down when frequency is lower than 30Hz.
At start tp, when generator voltage is less than 30% of rated voltage, the V/HZ
At start tp, when generator voltage
limiter is
is less than 30% of rated voltage, the V/HZ
not active.
limiter is not active.

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8.6 Stability settings for automatic voltage regulation
8.6.1 Principle of operation
Stability settings determine the response characteristics of the excitation system in transient and steady
state operation mode.
The adjustment of these stability parameters is therefore key to the overall operation of the Power
system in all its working conditions.

DR700 excitation system uses a Transient Gain reduction controller. This adjustment method is
composed of two main parameters group:

➢ One group (Kp) Contributes to the transient response characteristics, proportionnal effect.

➢ The other (T1) is the lag part of the system which essentially integrates the steady-state
requirements of the system response, with optionnaly T2 for a complete lead filter.

➢ T3 and T4 are used for specific operating conditions where lag filter is needed

See functions described in sect. 5.8.2 for further information

Adjusting these parameters can be a complex exercise as real operating conditions cannot always be
created (transient mode) and may also be damaging for the generator if protections have not been
activated or machine parameters have been incorrectly entered.

In order to assist user in defining accurate and precise adjustment mode for DR700 stability setting as
well as other limiting and protective settings, RegulProcess proposes several options available with our
system supply or displayed on your interface screen and described below:

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8.7 Loss of Excitation protection
In normal operation of generator and paticularly while connected to the grid, the loss of field might
cause harmful accident. For this reason, whenever field current loss is detected, the Regulator will
automatically stop and shut down of the generator must be performed. Field current loss protection is
judged by the following criteria:

1. Reactive power is smaller than 0.

2. Excitation current is smaller than 10% of the rated excitation current.
3. Stator voltage is greater than 20% of rated voltage.

8.8 Voltage Measurement Signal Loss Protection (PT Wire break)

While in Auto Mode, Constant Power Factor Mode and Constant Reactive Power Mode, generator
voltage must be correctly measured. The loss of measurement signal may result in system going out of
control. To this end, DR700 verify its voltage signal measurement according to the following criteria and
automatically change over to Manual Mode, or quit operation, and trigger fault alarm.

8.8.1 Detection of PT Loss of sensing

This protection function is switched on under Auto Mode, Constant Power Factor Mode and Constant
Reactive Power Mode,

1. In the event that excitation current exceeds no load excitation current, and generator voltage is
lower than 10% of rated voltage, protection function activates, the Regulator immediately stops
operation.

2. When the measured voltage is a three-phase voltage, if the difference between the maximal and
minimal values among the three phases is greater than 10% of rated voltage, the Regulator
switches to Manual Mode.

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8.8.2 Automated Parameters settings

8.8.2.1Parameters settings report:

• As part of its customer service, RegulProcess proposes a free system setting spreadsheet down-
loadable directly to the DR700. This spreadsheet is supplied based on customer information
provided either as a copy of the generator data-sheet or the form attached in Annex 1 of this
manual and dully filled in.

• RegulProcess setting spreadsheet is then returned to you with the suggested parameters settings,
limiters curves and test calibration form as illustrated on the figure below.

Parameters setting spreadsheet

8.8.2.2 Setting calculator

• On the SERDS Automatic Stability screen a feature is provided enabling user to obtain calculated
setting values for the Automatic mode of operation. These settings offer a useful mean to establish
a base that will later be fine tuned through step responses tests.

See illustration on next page (sugest settings)

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 IMPORTANT NOTE
IMPORTANT NOTE

Since calculations are based on the generator characteristics entered into

Since calculations
the SERDS are based
it is very on the
important generator
when characteristics
using the entered
suggesting setting into
feature
the SERDS
that it isdata
Machine veryhas
important when using
been properly the suggesting
entered. Any error or setting feature
deviation from
that Machine data has been properly entered. Any error or deviation
the actual generator performance characteristic can lead to poor regulation from
the actual generator performance
performance characteristic
and even damage on can thelead to poor regulation
machine.
performance and even damage on the machine.
To assist in verifying the proper performance of the machine, please refer
To assist in verifying the proper performance
to section of the
On and Off line testsmachine, please refer
to section On and Off line tests

8.8.2.3 Auto-Tuning (Option)

The last intuitive mean of setting up the system is to use the Auto Tuning function of the AVR. The SERDS
Auto-tuning feature automatically determines the system stability settings through an advanced calculation
mode and integrates the calculated values within the SERDS settings.

The auto-tuning function is accessible only when the DR unit is connected to the software

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8.8.3 Automatic Voltage regulation adjustment (PID) stability filter
When attempting to adjust SERDS parameters without assistance, the recommended approach below
provides guidance on the adequate procedure.
Adjustment principle

➢ Step 1: Find the natural oscillation of the system.

In order to find this natural oscillation

• Adjust the filter gain T1 to T4 down to 0,01 (minimum value),
• Then increase the gain Kp until an oscillation occurs.

Knowing this oscillation frequency, one of the filter can be adjusted to reject this oscillation. The second
filter will be tuned to allow a higher gain at low frequency and so decrease the static error.

➢ Step 2: Determining information on the Natural oscillation

• Adjust the gain of the filter T1 to T4 down to the minimum value.

It is important that the numerator and the denominator have the same value (T1=T2 for model1 otherwise
T2 is not used then adjust T3=T4).
The Gain Kg can be adjusted down to 1.
The gain B can be set at zero (B=0)
• Start excitation,
You may notice that generator voltage is lower than set-point . This is a normal phenomena due to the very
low value of Kg.
• Increase gain Kg up to the point where generator voltage start to oscillate.
• Record voltage with a scope or within the recording function of the DR

Measure the period of the oscillation

Example if the period is 140ms, this will give us a frequency of 7,14Hz.
This needs to be converted in ɷ=2πF=7,14*2*3,14=44,85Rad/s .

This frequency represent the natural oscillation of the regulator and generator in closed loop.

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 ➢ Step 3: Filter calculation

We know that the system becomes unstable when in open loop the phase margin is near zero. The
adjustment of the first filter will introduce a positive phase to reach an acceptable phase margin
The AVR filter can be modified as follow:

Where T1=ɑ.τ and T2= τ or 1 and T1=T2*ɑ

AND
Where ɷm is the frequency where the filter will have it's maximum effect.
Where φm is the positive angle (phase) that the filter will give us at ɷm

• Use the following formula:

With ɑ=4 (this should give us a positive phase of 36°)
Note: You could use a different value of ɑ.

Then T2=τ=1/(ɷm√ɑ)=1/(44,85*√4)=0,011
AND
T1= ɑ*T2=0,011*4=0,044

➢ Step 4: T3 and T4 filter adjustment

T3 and T4 filter will be used to decrease the gain at high frequency and increase it a low frequency.
This may result in the generation of a negative phase, but this has no effect if phase margin is very high and
this situation may happen at low frequency in open loop.
T3 and T4 can only be tuned when the system is on line.

➔ For a generator below 8MVA initially adjust T3=0.8 and T4=3.0,

➔ For a generator below 20MVA initially adjust T3=1 and T4=4,
➔ For larger generator (over 20MVA) adjust T3=2 and T4=8.

• Perform a test record of the voltage during a load application/rejection.

Once system is stable, a slow responsive may be observed,
• Increase gain Kg to obtain a faster response until result is satisfactory.

Note: For generators below 10 Mva, once the response is fast on a transient it may show slower recovery.
Should this happen adjust the filter T3 and T4 to lower value until satisfactory result is obtained.
Example : T3=20*T1=0,2 and T4=20*T2=0,8

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8.8.3.1 Other regulation modes stability tuning

For Field current regulation and Var/PF response characteristics, only Te1 and Te2 factors require tuning.
Since these values have previously been determined for the adjustment of the Automatic voltage regulation
settings, the same values may be used for the FCR and Var/PF control.

To obtain a satisfactory response adjust gain Kq (for manual control) and Kp (for Var/PF control) until
satisfactory response is obtained.

Var/PF mode stability setting screen FCR mode (manual) stability setting screen

8.8.4 Parameters filter (PID) setting range

Display Range

T1 0.00 to 30

T2 0.00 to 30

T3 0.00 to 30

T4 0.00 to 30

B 0.1 to 5

K 0.01 to 99.9

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8.8.5 SOE and Fault Recording

 SOE Event recall

Recording time of 20 groups of events (precise to millisecond), including: the operation signal like
channel switch in or out; switch variable input signal of all inputs and outputs.

 Fault recorder
Record the time of 20 groups of faults (precise to millisecond), and all fault acting value.

Those functions are accessible through the free providing DR700 software. Regulprocess provides
a free of charge tool to be able to program, retrieve and access all data for the users. This
programm can be shown through the communication protocol.

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8.9 Machine data function and inputs/outputs on line monitoring
Through modbus protocol, one can fetch and display on line parameters such as Generator
voltage, current, and reactive power as well as any additional parameters.

8.10 Metering and coeeficient on line monitoring

Please refer to the accuracy chapter to tune proper analog values monitoring

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9.Typical parameters for a 8MVA Generator - Brushless
PID parameters for Auto Mode:

T1 T2 T3 T4 KP β
3 6 0.8 3 11 0.02

PI parameters for Manual Mode

Te1 Te2 Ke
2 6 9

PI parameters for Constant Power Factor Mode and Constant Reactive Power Mode

Tq1 Tq2 Kq
2 6 12

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10.Testing and trouble-shooting
10.1 Loaded Test

After synchronization and closing of generator, DR700 should perform the following tests:
1. Active power, reactive power and power factor measurement and verification, if the measured
values opposite to actual values, inspect CT polarity.
2. Reactive power adjustment test.
3. PI adjustment test under Constant Power Factor and Constant Reactive Power Modes.
4. Over excitation and under excitation tests.

10.2 Dummy Synchronization Test

The generator synchronization function needs to be verified through dummy synchronization test.
1. Break the isolator gate between generator and the grid (or CB is on “test” position).
2. Inspect compliance of system voltage and grid voltage wiring and measurement.
3. Switch on synchronization function, observe and record whether the synchronization meter arrow is
at 12 o’clock position when closing pulse is sent.

10.3 Trouble-shooting
10.3.1Generator Can’t Build-up Voltage

1. Inspect all external wiring. If any problem is detected, correct the problem.
2. Inspect whether generator speed reaches rated speed. If no, increase the speed to rated value.
3. For permanent magnet generator system, inspect whether generator voltage reaches design value under
rated speed; for self-excited generators, inspect whether excitation power voltage reaches 6V under
rated speed. If no, generator field must be excited.
4. Inspect fuse, if the fuse is burnt, change by a new fuse.
5. Inspect fault indicator lamp of DR700, if the lamp is on, diagnose the fault.
6. Inspect whether【Nominal Voltage】function is set as “ON”, or【Voltage Matching】function is switched on
but grid voltage is not available.
7. Change to a new unit of DR700. If voltage builds up, contact RegulProcess to arrange return of the
inoperative device.

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10.3.2 Generator Voltage Unstable
1. Inspect whether PID parameters are correctly set.
2. Select a group of parameters from Step Response menu that stabilize voltage.

10.3.3 Reactive Power Gradually Decreases after On-grid Connection

1. Inspect whether Polarity for reactive current compensation is correctly set.

2. Inspect whether stator current terminals are mistakenly connected.

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11. Configuration Record of DR700

Client Name and Address: ___________________________________________

___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Note: _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

Product Information
Model: ______________________________________________
Software version: ______________________________________________
Remarks:
_________________________________________________________

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11.1 Default Values for Parameter Setting

Parameter definition Default value Range of Set value Unit

setting

Machine Data (Machine data 500KW)

Stator voltage 400 100～20000 V
Stage current 902 10～1000 A
Rated excitation current 8.5 1.0～20 A
System voltage 0.4 0.5～20 KV
Generator frequency 50 50/60 Hz
Quadrature axis reactance XQ 0.6 0.1～2 p.u

Accuracy adjustment
AB phase voltage accuracy 1.000 0.500～2.000
coefficient K_UAB
BC phase voltage accuracy 1.000 0.500～2.000
coefficient K_UBC
CA phase voltage accuracy 1.000 0.500～2.000
coefficient K_UCA
C phase current accuracy 1.000 0.500～-2.000
coefficient K_IC
AB phase grid voltage accuracy 1.000 0.500～2.000
coefficient K_Unet
Active power accuracy 1.000 0.500～2.000
coefficient K_P
Reactive power accuracy 1.000 0.500～-2.000
coefficient K_Q
Excitation current accuracy 1.000 0.500～5.000
coefficient K_Ie
Excitation current zero bias 0.000 -1.5～1.5 A
Ie_bias

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 Parameter definition Default value Range of Set value Unit
setting

Parameter setting
First set point of under -112(- -10000～0 Kvar
excitation limit Qa 30%QN)
Second set point of under 625(SN) 0～50000 KW
excitation limit Pb
Third set point of under 250(50%PN) 0～20000 KW
excitation limit Pc
Over excitation time 10.0 5～20 s
Forced excitation multiple factor 2.0 1.0～3.0
V/HZ limit 1.2 1.0～1.5 P.U
Constant reactive power / 1.10 1.0～1.3 p.u.
constant PF voltage upper limit
Constant reactive power / 0.90 0.8～1.0 p.u.
constant PF voltage lower limit
Ig inverse time limit V 1.2 1.0～1.3 P.u
Ig inverse time limit M 1 0/ 1/ 2
Ig inverse time limit C 10 1-30 s
Function Selection
V/Hz limit On On/off
Under excitation limit On On/off
Over excitation limit On On/off
Analog value AI1 inut control On On/off
Constant power factor On On/off
Constant reactive power Off On/off
PSS function Off On/off
Raising voltage from zero On On/off
Grid voltage tracing Off On/off
Synchronization function Off On/off
Diode testing On On/off
Manual mode control (FCR) Off On/off

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 Parameter definition Default value Range of Set value Unit
setting
Constant reactive power/PF Off On/off
mode control
Switch value control Off On/off

System Configuration
Password 9999 0000～9999
Communication address 1 1～255
Baud rate 1 9600 4800～38400 Bit/s
DA1 output option 0 0～100
Phase of measured voltage 3 phase Single / 3 phase Phase
Number of channel Single Single/dual
AI control option AI_AVR AVR/
FCR/VAR/PF
PID Parameters / Filter
AutoPID-T1 1.00 0.10～2.00 S
AutoPID-T2 5.00 2.00～20.00 S
AutoPID-T3 0.50 0.10～5.00 S
AutoPID-T4 0.05 0.01～5.00 S
AutoPID-KP 8 0.5～30
AutoPID-β 0.02 0.01～0.5
ManualPI-Te1 1.00 0.10～2.00 S
ManualPI-Te2 4.00 2.00～20.00 S
ManualPI-Ke 2.00 0.5～10
ConstantPF/VAR PI-Tq1 1.00 0.10～2.00 S
ConstantPF/VAR PI-Tq2 8.00 2.00～20.00 S
ConstantPF/VAR PI-Kq 15.00 0.5～30
PSS-TW1 5 0～30.00 S
PSS-TW2 5 0～30.00 S
PSS-T1 0.1 0.02～6.00 S
PSS-T2 0.02 0.02～6.00 S
PSS-T3 0.18 0.02～6.00 S

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 Parameter definition Default value Range of Set value Unit
setting
PSS-T4 0.02 0.02～6.00 S
PSS-T5 0.26 0.02～6.00 S
PSS-T6 0.02 0.02～6.00 S
PSS-T7 7.0 0.00～30.00 S
PSS-T8 0.2 0.00～2.50 S
PSS-T9 0.1 0.00～2.50 S
PSS-M 5 2～5
PSS-KS1 5 0.1～30 p.u.
PSS-KS2 0.6 0.05～5.0 p.u.
PSS-KS3 1 0.05～5.0 p.u.
PSS switch on power 30 20～50 %
PSS switch off power 20 10～30 %
PSS limit 5.0 2～10 %
Operation Parameters
Voltage raising pre-set 1.0 0.5～1.1 p.u.
Constsant P.F. set value 0.90(lag) -0.7～0.7(lag)
VAR setting 0.30 -0.3～1.0 p.u.
Ajustment polarity: Positive Positive/negativ
e
Adjustment coefficient: 0 0～15 %
Synchronization DU: 3 1～10 %
Synchronization DF: 0.2Hz 0.1～0.5 Hz
Leading time for switch closing 100 ms 0～500 ms
Angle compensation 0 0～360 °

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