DATABASE ASSIGNMENT 1

SUBMITTED TO: SIR SHARIF HUSSAIN

SUBMITTED BY: AREEJ ANWAAR (231969)
SAAD AATIR (231985)
JAVERIA WAQAR (232059)
 ‘ASSIGNMENT 1’

QUESTION 1

Workflow of Hotel Management System

Conducting interviews with key stakeholders is an invaluable method for
gathering essential information regarding the hotel management system
project. These stakeholders may include hotel managers, front desk staff,
housekeeping personnel, IT professionals, and even guests who interact
with the system. By interviewing these individuals, you can gain valuable
insights into their needs, requirements, pain points, and expectations for
the system.

Below given is an elaboration on the workflow for a Hotel Management

System:

1) Initiation Phase:
 Identify the need for an upgraded hotel management system,
focusing on outdated technology, inefficient processes, or regulatory
compliance gaps.
 Assemble a project team with stakeholders from different
departments.
 Define project scope, objectives, and success criteria.
 Conduct a feasibility analysis to assess technical, operational, and
financial viability.

2) Planning Phase:
  Craft a comprehensive project blueprint detailing tasks, schedules,
resource allocation, and assigned roles.
 Pinpoint and rank system prerequisites by engaging stakeholders
through interviews, surveys, and scrutinizing current workflows.
 Outline the structural design of the system, encompassing hardware,
software, database structures, and interconnections.
 Devise a financial plan, ensuring adequate funding for project
execution.
 Set up strategies for managing risks and ensuring quality standards
are met.

3) Analysis Phase:
 Gather detailed requirements through workshops, interviews, and
documentation review.
 Analyze current hotel workflows and identify areas for improvement.
 Document functional and non-functional requirements, such as guest
roles, data security, and performance metrics.
 Develop use cases, user stories, and process flow diagrams to
illustrate system functionality and interactions.

4) Design Phase:
 Design an intuitive user interface by incorporating usability principles
and gathering feedback from relevant stakeholders.
 Construct data models and database schemas to efficiently manage
hotel data storage and retrieval.
 Generate architectural diagrams and technical specifications to
delineate the system's components.

5) Development Phase:
 Comprehend design specifications thoroughly to grasp module
requirements and expected behavior.
  Develop modules according to specifications, ensuring adherence to
coding standards.
 Conduct unit testing to verify functionality and correctness of each
module.
 Integrate modules into a unified system, ensuring seamless
communication and adherence to interfaces.
 Perform system testing to validate end-to-end functionality and
identify areas for improvement.
 Integrate modules into a unified system, ensuring seamless
communication and adherence to interfaces.
 Perform system testing to validate end-to-end functionality and
identify areas for improvement.

6) Implementation Phase:
 Implement the hotel management system in stages, starting with a
pilot rollout in select properties, evaluate system performance and
gather feedback from users to identify any initial challenges or areas
for improvement.
 Provide comprehensive training sessions for hotel staff to effectively
navigate and utilize the new system, offer ongoing support to address
any questions or issues that arise during the training process.
 Monitor the system's performance closely during the initial
implementation phase, promptly address any issues or bugs
encountered to ensure smooth operation and minimal disruption to
hotel services.
 Expand the rollout of the hotel management system to additional
properties gradually, utilize insights gained from the pilot phase to
streamline deployment and minimize operational disruptions in each
new location.

7) Maintenance and Support Phase:

 Provide continuous support and maintenance for the system,
including troubleshooting, software updates, and enhancements, to
maintain seamless operation.
  Monitor system performance consistently and analyze user feedback
to identify areas for optimization and refine system functionalities
accordingly.
 Remain abreast of regulatory changes and industry trends impacting
the pharmacy management system, ensuring compliance and
readiness to adapt to evolving standards.
 Continuously evaluate the system's efficacy in meeting business
objectives and customer expectations.
 Implement necessary improvements to ensure alignment with
evolving needs and sustained delivery of value to stakeholders.

Conclusion:
Throughout each phase of the project, it is crucial to maintain effective
communication, collaboration, and engagement with stakeholders to
ensure the successful implementation of the pharmacy management
system. By following this structured approach, the project team can
systematically analyze, design, develop, implement, and maintain a robust
and user-friendly system. This will ultimately enhance pharmacy operations
and improve patient care.

QUESTION 2:

Entities of Hotel Management System

Below listed are the entities, strong and weak, with their attributes listed as
well.

STRONG ENTITIES:

1) GUESTS: This represents the information about the guests coming to

stay in the Hotel.
 Guest ID (Primary Key)
  Name
 Contact
 Address
 CNIC/Passport No.

2) EMPLOYEES: This represents the information about the employees

working in the Hotel.
 Employee ID (Primary Key)
 Name
 Contact
 Category
 Date of Joining
 Address

3) ROOMS: This represents the type of room that is going to be offered to

the guest.
 Room ID (Primary Key)
 Guest ID
 Availability
 Price
 Type

4) RESERVATION: This entity represents the reservation info sich as the

check in/out timing, etc.
 Reservation ID (Primary Key)
 Guest ID
 Room ID
 Check In/Out Date
 Availability

5) PAYMENT: This represents the type of Invoice, the mode of payment

and other details.
  Invoice ID (Primary Key)
 Mode of Payment
 Guest ID
 Other Details

WEAK ENTITIES:

1) INVENTORY: An inventory entity represents the various items and

supplies that the hotel maintains to support its operations and provide
services to guests.
 Item ID
 Item Description
 Category

2) FEEDBACK: A feedback entity represents the input provided by guests

regarding their experience during their stay at the hotel.
 Feedback ID
 Guest ID
 Date
 Feedback Type

Question 3:

Relationships between entities

1)Guest-Payment Relationship:

Relationship Type: One-to-Many

Description: In a hotel management system guests can pay for multiple services
such as room reservation, dining, room services and additional services available.

2)Guest-Reservation Relationship:
Relationship Type: One-to-Many
Description: In a hotel management system guests can make multiple reservations
for rooms on their name for either more then one room in the same category or
in different categories.

3)Guest-Feedback Relationship:
Relationship Type: One-to-Many
Description: In a hotel management system guests can give feedback once per
visit about the cleanliness, staff behavior or other services.

4)Guest-Rooms Relationship:
Relationship Type: One-to-Many
Description: In a hotel management system guests can book many rooms on their
name for either more then one room in the same category or in different
categories.

5)Guest-Employee Relationship:
Relationship Type: One-to-Many
Description: In a hotel management system one guest can interact with multiple
employees during their stay for example waiter for dining receptionist for
information ect.