ĐỀ CƯƠNG QUẢN TRỊ LOGISITICS

I. Câu hỏi tự luận

1. The concept, characteristics, Important of logistics?
* Concept of logistics
There are many definitions of logistics, however, we can understand as
follows:
In a nutshell, Logistics can be understood as the management of inbound and
outbound transportation, storage of goods and services as well as related
information between the place of origin and the place of consumption in
order to meet the requirements of customers.
* Characteristics of logistics
- First, Logistics is not just a single activity, but includes a series of activities
that cover the process of producing products and delivering them to
customers
- Second, logistics is the process of managing the movement and movement
of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products.
- Third, logistics is associated with all stages of the production process.
- Fourth, Logistics is an activity to support businesses.
- Fifth, Logistics is a high and complete development of freight forwarding
services.
- Sixth, Logistics is the complete development of Multimodal Transport
Operator services (MTO).
- Seventh, logistics can only develop effectively when is based on making
full use of the achievements of IT.
- Eighth, Logistics is the combination of business activities on 3 aspects:
Survival, Operational and System Logistics.
* Important of logistics
The importance of logistics is shown through its role in the economy in
general and in each organization in particular:
+ For the national economy, Logistics plays an important and indispensable
role in the production, distribution and circulation of the economy. It helps
promote the circulation of goods within the country and contributes to
making the country a link in the global value chain.
+ For businesses, Logistics plays a great role not only in the ability to
generate profits but also in improving the company's competitiveness,
specifically, affecting the problem of solving effectively between input,
output and production business as well as environmental issues.
2. The concept, characteristics, Important of logistics management?
* Concept of logistics management
Logistics management is a part of SCM that plans, implements and controls
the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods,
services and related information between the point of origin and the point of
consumption in order to meet customers’ requirements.
* Characteristics of logistics management
- Logistics management is a systematic and rigorous process.
- Logistics management is not a single activity, but a series of continuous
activities taking place throughout the process from input to output of
products.
- Logistics management towards the optimization of material and information
flows.
- Logistics management includes 2 levels: planning and organizing.
* Important of logistics management
- Logistics management helps to find the optimal solution in the production
and supply of products. From there, saving costs and time that businesses
have to spend to deliver goods to customers.
- Logistics management helps businesses better control their logistics flows,
build the most optimal plan for their production and business activities.
17. Operations Management Measurement?
The effectiveness of operations management is measured through a number
of indicators as follows:
- Quality: being right
- Speed: being fast
- Dependability: being on time
- Flexibility: being able to change
- Cost: being productive
=> If businesses want to have a good operations management system, they
have to measure these indicators. It will show businesses their competitive
advantage in the market, and at the same time evaluate the current state of
business operations in order to make relevant economic decisions.
18. Product, Service, and Process Design?
* Designing the product or service: The products and services should be
designed in such way that they can be created effectively.
* Designing the process: Processes should be designed so they can create all
products and services which the operation is likely to introduce.
=> Product/service design has an impact on the process design and vice versa
19. Definition, characteristics, importance and contents of Lean
operations?
* Definition
The key principle of lean is relatively straight forward to understand; it
means moving towards the elimination of all waste in order to develop an
operation that is faster, more dependable, produces higher quality products
and services and, above all, operates at low cost.
* Characteristics
- The target of lean operation is to eliminate all unnecessary items, only keep
things that are required in doing the job.
- The ultimate goal of lean operations is to operate at a low cost while still
achieving the efficiency.
* Importance
- Lean operations will help businesses to develop a faster and reliable
operation. It also increase the quality of products and services.
- With lean operation, businesses will not only operate at low cost but also
simplify the operation management because it will eliminate all unnecessary
items.
* Contents
- Lean operations: The 4 elements
+ Waste elimination
+ Behavior
+ Synchronization
+ Customer focus
- Lean operations: The 5Ss Method
+ Sort (seiri) – Eliminate what is not needed and keep what is needed
+ Straighten (seiton) – Position things in such a way that they can be easily
reached whenever they are needed.
+ Shine (seiso) – Keep things clean and tidy; no refuse or dirt in the work
area
+ Standardize (seiketsu) – Maintain cleanliness and order- perpetual neatness
+ Sustain (shitsuke) – Develop a commitment and pride in keeping to
standards
20. The definition, characteristics, types and role of transport in logistics?
The transport chain?
* Definition
Transport of goods, from the point of view of logistics management, is the
movement of goods in space by human power or means of transport to fulfill
the requirements of buying, selling, and storing in the process of production
and business.
* Characteristics
- Transportation of goods is a service product, so it has some special
characteristics: intangibility, inseparability, instability and non-storability.
- Freight transport links many actors in the overall supply chain.
- Transportation contributes a part of added value to the products of the
business.
* Types
- Based on type of transport: railway, waterway, airway,...
- Based on the ownership characteristics and level of State regulation:
private carrier, contract carrier, common carrier.
- Based on the ability to coordinate means of transport: Single-mode
transportation, Intermodal transportation, Separate transportation.
- Other transportation option: Freight forwarder, transportation broker,....
* Role
- The transport system is a bridge to eliminate the space and time gap
between production and consumption.
- A dynamic and low-cost transportation system will contribute to improving
national competitiveness, increasing production efficiency and reducing
commodity prices.
- From the perspective of the logistics management function in the enterprise,
the transportation of goods is like a thread linking production and business
operations in different areas of the enterprise.
21. The definition, characteristics, types and role of transport management
in logistics?
* Definition
Transportation management is one of the three key contents of the logistics
system in enterprises, having a direct and long-term impact on costs and
customer service levels, on the competitiveness of enterprises. It includes the
management of all processes involved in the transportation of goods.
* Characteristics
- Transportation management has a great influence on the production and
business process of enterprises
- Transport management is one of the three contents of the logistics strategic
triangle
* Types
- Based on management limits
+ Inbound transport management
+ Outbound transport management
- Based on the mode of transport
+ Railway transport management
+ Waterway transport management
+ Airway transport management
+ .....
* Role
- Helping businesses control the flow of their goods and services.
- Optimize the distance to transport materials and goods to and from the
business, thereby saving costs.
- Contributing to improving the production and business efficiency of
enterprises.
22. Economic and service characteristics of the modes of transport?
Indicators Railway Waterway Road Airway Pipeline
1. Speed 3 4 2 1 5
2. Continuous 4 5 2 3 1
3. Reliability 3 5 2 4 1
4. Transport 2 1 3 4 5
capacity
5. Flexibility 2 4 1 3 5
6. Cost 3 1 4 5 2
Total point 17 20 14 20 19
Ranking: 1 is best, fastest and cheapest; 5 is worst, slowest and most
expensive
23. Definition, characteristics, contents and types of Intermodal Transport
and containerization Service?
* Definition
Intermodal transport is a type of transportation where the transport company
will provide the service of coordinating at least two types of transport, using
a single document and taking full responsibility for the transportation of the
goods.
* Characteristics
- The outstanding feature of this mode of transport is the freedom to switch
vehicles between different modes of transport.
- It is a combination of many single transport services together.
- Usually presented as a package service.
* Contents
+ Transport companies will provide shippers with a package service to carry
goods from one point to another on request.
+ Although there are many means of transport (need loading and unloading),
the transport company will only use a single document and take full
responsibility for the transportation of the goods.
* Types
There are 2 commonly used forms of Intermodal transportation:
+ Combination of railway and road transport (piggyback)
+ Combination of waterway and road transport (fishyback)
* Containerization Service
Container is a special transport device used for the transportation of large
volumes of goods. Containers are convenient for transporting goods in one or
more different forms. In particular, containerized goods are only loaded and
unloaded at the port or place of receipt, not along the way
24. Analysis of Risk in Multi transportation, Policy of transport rate,
Documentation management in Transportation?
* Risk in multi transportation
Due to the fact that it is a combination of many different modes of transport,
Multi transportation faces with many different risks. Here are some potential
risks when using this kind of transportation:
- Goods are not delivered on time
- Shipments are not guaranteed to be safe until they arrive at the destination
- Goods are easily delivered by mistake, lost, stolen or damaged in transit
* Risk in policy of transport rate
The policy of transport rates is built on the basis of an agreement between the
supplier and the user of the transport service. This means that transport rates
will fluctuate greatly depending on the actual situation of the market.
This leads to the risk that transport rates will increase, affecting the
production and business activities of all businesses. The increase in transport
rate can be due to:
- The increase of fees at the port of loading and unloading of goods (THC,
CFS,...)
- The increase in container rental costs (due to the scarcity of containers)
- Due to the disruption of the supply chain, the usual shipping routes are
blocked.
* Risk in documentation management
Usually, each shipment will have to go along with a lot of different
documents:
- Customs declaration
- Commercial contract
- Invoice
- Packing list
- Bill of lading
- C/O
- ......
Such sets of documents are used to assist the consignor and consignee.
Therefore, the transportation will be interrupted if the risks of documents
occur such as:
- The lack of documents on the shipment makes the customs office unable
to determine the customs value
- Incomplete or incorrect declaration of the shipment makes the information
on the document not match the reality
- Original documents are faked or stolen, making it impossible for the
consignee to receive the goods