CRASH COURSE

XI-Mathematics
 Functions
· Exercise 1 : Topic Masters
Functions, Graph and Algebra 5. The graph of the function f: R � R and f (x) = x 2 ,
of Functions xeR, is
1. Let N be the set of natural numbers and the relation y
(b)
R be defined such that {R = (x, y): y=2x, x, ye N }. 12

Then , 8

(a) Ris a function.

4
X X
(b) R is not a function.
X'

(c) domain , range and codomain are N.

(d) None of the above -12

2. There are three relations R 1 , R2 and R3 such that Y'

R 1 = {(2, 1),(3, 1),(4, 2)}

y
(d)
R2 = {(2, 2),(2, 4 . ),(3, 3),(4, 4)}
and R3 ={(I, 2),(2, 3),(3, 4),(4, 5),(5, 6),(6, 7)}.
Then , X X'
-4 -2 0 2
(a) R 1 and R2 are functions.
(b)R2 and R 3 are functions.
-8

-16
-12

(c) R 1 and R3 are functions. -20

(d) Only R 1 is a function. Y' Y'

3. The graph of an identity function on R is 6. A function f is defined by/ (x) = 2x - 5, then

y y (a)/(0)=/(7) (b)/(-3)=-ll
(b) 6 (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
4
2 7. The domain and range of the real function �9-x 2
X X'
-4 -2 0 4
X are refer to
(a) R 1 and (0, 3) (b) [-3, 3]and (-3, 3]
-6 6
-2
-4
(c) [-3, 3]and [0, 3] (d) [0, 3] and [0 , 3]
-6
Y' 8. The domain for which the functions f(x) = 2x 2 - 1

l
y y and g(x) = 1 -3x is equal i.e. f(x) = g(x), is
(c) 6 (d) 6
4 (a) {0, 2 } (b) H,-2} (c){-f 2} (d)H, 2}
2 2
X'
-6 -4 -2 02 4 6
X X'
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
X
9. The domain of the function f, defined by

j
-2 -2
-4 -4
f(x)= �is
-6 -6 x - lxl
Y' Y'
(a)R (b)R
+
(c)R- (d) None of these
4. The relation f and g are defined by x+ 1
10. If f(x) = , then the domain off(x) is
= x 2 , O�x �3 x-l
f(x) {
3x, 3 �x�10 (a)R- {l} (b)R-{-1 } (c){l } (d){-1 }
x
O�x�2 2
. x +2x+l .
2
and g(x ) = { , then 11. The domain of the funchon f(x) = ts
,
3x, 2�x�10 X -8x+l2
2

(a) f is a function. (b) g is a function. (a) R - {-1} (b) R -{- 2 ,- 6}

(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these (c) R - {2, 6 } (d) R -{2, 10}
12. The domain ofthe real function / defined by 1 2 .
24. lflog 8 m + log 8 -=-,then m1s equaI to
f(x)=�is 6 3
(a)24 (b) 18 (c)12 (d)4
(a)[l,5) (b)[l,oo ) (c)(- 00 ,00 ) (d)(- oo ,l)
25. Let f, g: R � R be defined ,respectively by
13. Iff(x)=ax+b, where a and bare integers,
f(x)=x +I and g(x)=2x -3.Then,
/ (-1)=- 5 and f (3)=3, then a and bare equal to (a) (f+ g)(x)= 3x - 4
(a)a= -3,b = -1 (b)a= 2, b = - 3 (b)(/ - g )(x) = X + 4
(c)a= 0, b = 2 (d)a= 2, b = 3
(c)(1) (x)=�. provided x;t;�
14. The range ofthe function f(x) =�is g �-3 2
l +x (d)All ofthe above
(a)(-00 , 00 ) (b)[-1,1) (c)[-{1] (d)[H,./2] 26. Iff(x)=x 2 + 2 and g(x)=5x - 8, then value of
f(g)(3m)is
15. The value of/ (x)=2x 2 - 3x + 4 at x =7 and x = -2t (a)135m3 -72 m2 + 30m-16
are (b)120 m3-60m+ 15
(a)8�8t2 + 6t+ 4 (b)50,5t 2 + 6t + 2
(c)140m3 + l I lm+ 20
(c)81, !Ot + 5 (d)50,6t2 - 10
(d)152m3 +86m2 +m+ 8
16. lf2 log 8 N = p, log 2 2N = q and q - p = 4, then the
value of N is Types of Functions
(a) 512 (b) 536 (c) 548 (d) 560 27. A function f : X � Y is said to be one-one, if for
17. lflog e ( x 2 -16)�log e ( 4x -11), then every x1 ,x2 e X,
(a) 4<x$;5 (b) x<-4orx>4 (a) f(x1 )= /(x2) � x1 =x2
(c) -l$;x$;5 (d) x<-lorx>5 (b)f(x1 )= f(x2 )�x, :t=x2
(c)f(x1 ):t=f(x2 )�x1 =x2
11. Iflog 10 2=030103,then log 10 50 is equal to
(d)None ofthe above
(a) 2.30103 (b) 2.69 897
(c) 1.69897 (d) 0.69897 28. f : X � Y is onto, ifand only if
(a)range of/= Y (b)range of/ :I= Y
logs 17 log 2./2 17
19. -- - --- is equal to (c)range of/< Y (d)range of/� Y
log 9 23 log 3 23
29. The greatest integer function f : R � R, given by
23
(a) 0 (b) I (c) .!28 (d)
17 f(x)=[x]is
(a)one-one (b)onto
20. If (log 3 x)(log x 2x) (log 2x y) = logx x 2, then what (c)both one-one and onto (d)neither one-one nor onto
is the value of y?
30. The function f(x) =x 2 +bx+c, where band care
(a)4.5 (b)9 (c)18 (d) 2.7
real constants, describes
x3 + 3 (a)one-one mapping (b)onto mapping
21. log [ (x �] is equal to
2(x -4) (c)not one-one but onto mapping
(d)neither one-one nor onto mapping
(a)3 log x+ log(x+ 3)-log 2+ 2 log(x-4)
(b)log(x+ 3)+ 5 log 2 31. On the set ofintegers Z, define f:Z � Z as
(c)log x-log 2+ 3 log(x-4) n I 2, n is even.
f(n) = {
(d)None ofthe above 0, n 1s odd.
22. The domain ofln (x - 5)is Then,/ is
(a)(-00,00 ) (b)(-5,5) (c)(5,oo ) (d)(-8,0) (a)injective but not surjective
23. What is the value oflog Y x 5 logx y2 log z z 3 ? (b)neither injective nor surjective
(c)surjective, but not injective
(a) JO (b)20 (c)30 (d)60 (d)bijective
32. Which one of the following functions is one-one? (a)fog=IA andgof=IA (b)fog=IA andgo/=18
(a)f( x )=sin x, x e [-1t, 1t] (c)fog=l8 andgof=l 8 (d )fog=l8 andgof=J A
3 39. If the functiong of is defined and is one-one, then
(b)f(x)=sin x, xe [- ; ,-�]
(a) neither fnor g is one-one
(c)f( x )=cos x,xe [-%, % (b)fand g both are necessarily one-one
] (c)gmust be one-one (d) None of these
3 40. If f : X � Y is a function such that there exists a
(d)f(x)=COS X, XE [ 7t, ;)
functiong:Y � X such thatg of =Ix and
33. The mapping/:N � N given by f (n) =l+n 2 , fog=Ir , then/ must be
n E N, where N is the set of natural numbers, is (a) one-one (b) onto
(a) one-one and onto (b) onto but not one-one (c) one-one and onto (d) None of these
(c) one-one but not onto (d) neither one-one nor onto 41. If f (x) = ..Jx andg(x) =2x -3, then domain of is
34. A function f : A � B, where A = {x :-I :5 x :5 l } and (a)(-oo,-3 ) (b)(-,-1}<c)[-fo] (d)[1, oo }
B = {y:l :5 y:52} is defined by the rule y= f (x)
= I+x2 • Which of the fol lowing statement is correct? 42. If f (x) = (a -x n )11n , where a >0 and ne N, then
(a)fis injective but not surjective. fof(x) is equal to
(b)fis surjective but not injective.
(c)fis both injective and surjective. (a)a (b) x (c) xn (d )a n
(d)fis neither injective nor surjective. 43. IfY = {n 2 : ne N} c N and/: N � Y is a function
x, if x is rational defined by f (n) = n 2 , then the inverse off is
35. Iff(x) = {
0, if xis irrational. (a) 1 1 (y)=f;, (b) } 1 (y)=-f;,
x, if x is rational (c) r l (y)= y
andg(x)= {
0, if x is irrational.
Tben,/-g is .U. Let f : N � S be a function defined as
(a) one-one and into (b) neither one-one nor onto f (x) = 4x 2 +l2x+15, where S cR is the range of/.
(c) many-one and onto (d) one-one and onto Then, inverse of/ is

Composition of Functions ,J
(a) f-1 (y) =---,y�6 y+ 6-3
2
and Inverse Functions
36. If f : A � B and g :B � C be two functions, then
,J y- 6+3
(b) J;-1 (y)=--'-----,y�6
2
the composition of functions f and g is given by
(b)gof( x )=g( x )f( x ) ,Jy-6-3
(a)gof( x ) =g(f( x )) (c)J 1 (y)=--'----,y�6
(c) fogx( )=g(f( x )) (d) None of these 2
37. If f:R �Rand g: R �Rare given by f (x) =cosx ,J +
y 6+3
(d) J;-1 (y)=....:.....,__--,y�6
2

i} �
andg(x) =3 x 2 , then
(a)gofx( )= cos 2 x (b)fogx( )= cos x 2
45. Let/ :R -{- R be a function defined as
(c)gof:# fog (d)fog=gof
. 3 x+4 f (x) = �. The inverse off is the mapg: range
38. If/ :B � A 1s defined by f (x) =--and 3x+4

g: A � B 1s
Sx -7
7x + 4
. d eti'med byg(x) =--, where
f� R -{-i} given by
Sx -3

¾}
3y
(a)g(y)=-- (b)g(y)=�
A = R -{ �} and B = R -{ and/ A is an identity 3-4y 4-3y
4y
(c)g(y)=-- (d)g(y)=--2._
function on A and/8 is identity function on B, then 3-4y 4-3y
46. Let f:{l, 3, 4} � {1, 2, 5} and g: {l, 2, 5} �{l, 3} be 1-x g
(a) f(x)=­ (b) f(x)= 5
lo x

given by f ={(l, 2 ), (3, 5 ) , (4, 1)} and g = {(l, 3 ), l+x

x x - I)
(2, 3), (5, I)}. Then, gof is (c) f(x)= 2 ( (d) None of these
(a){(!, 3), (3, I), (4, 3)} 4f. If the function f :(1, oo) � (l, oo) is defined by
(b) {(!, 3), (4, 3)} -l
f (x) =2 x ( x > is invertible, then/- 1 (x)is
(c) {(3, 1), (4, 3)}
l x(x-1) l
(d) {(3, I), (I, 3)} (a) ( )
2 �-- (b) (t+�l+41og 2 x )
2
41. Let/, g and h be functions from R to R. Then,
(a) (f +g)oh =fog+ goh (c) _!_ (I-�I+4 log 2 x) (d) not defined
2
(b) (f + g )oh = Joh + goh
1-x
(c) (/ · g)oh = (Joh) + (goh) 50. Iff(x) = -, (x ':I:- -I), then/- I (x) equals to
(d) (/· g )oh = (fog)· (goh) l+x
41. Which of the following functions is inverse of l -I
(a) f(x) (b) (c) - f(x) (d)
itself? f(x) f(x)

·
Exercise 2 : Chapter Challengers
1. If G represents the name of the function in below 3. Let R be the set of real numbers. A real function
graph, then G is a/an f :R � R js defined by f(x) =x +10. Then, the
y
graph of this function is
y y
G
(O. 10)
(b)
X'+--if---+-+--=+--+--+--+--+ X
-6-4-2 0 2 4 6
X XI
(10.0)
Y'
( a) identity function (b) constant function
(c) modulus function (d) None of these Y' Y'
y y
2. The graph of the function f: R � R defined by
(c) (d)
f(x)=x 3 ,xeR, is
y XI
(a )

4. Let/ :R � R be such that/ (x) =2 x . Then,

(a) Range off is R (b){x: f(x)= l } ={O, l }
Y' Y'
(c) f(x+y) = f(x)· f(y) (d) None of these
y y 5. The domain of the real function
(c)
6 I
f (X)= � IS
x2
v4-
(a) the set of all real numbers
(b) the set of all positive real numbers
-12
(c) (-2, 2 )
Y' Y' (d)(-2, 2]
 6 . If f (x)=x - \, �en f (x)+t(;}s equal to
3
17. Thefunction f: R � R defined by f (x)= -f-,
x X +I
(a) 2x3 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) I 't/ XE R is
(a) one-one (b) onto
·
x3
(c) both one-one and onto (d) neither one-one nor onto
7. Let/ ={(l,1),(2, 3),(0,-1),(-1,.:..3) } be a function
from Z to Z defined by f (x) =ax + b for some 18. If n(A)=4 and n(B)=6. Then, the number of
integers a and b. Then, the values of a and bare one-one .function from A to B is
(a) a= 2, b= -1 (b) a= - � b= 2 (a) 24 (b) 60 (c) 120 {d) 360
(c) a= - � b= - l (d) a= - 2, b = 1
19. If/: N � N defined by f (x)=x +x + l,xe N,
2

a. Let/= {(x, ::, }x e R} be a function from R to then/ is

1 (a) one-one and onto (b) many-one and onto
R. Then, the range of f is (c) one-one but not onto (d) None ofthese
(a)(O,l ) (b) R - { O, I} (c)[ O,I) (d)[ 0,1 ] 20. A mapping f: n � N, where N is the set of natural
,. Ift( m)=3m -m and t(m)=4,then the value ofm is
2
n· 2 ' for n odd
numbers is defined as f(n)={
2 11 +l, for n even
oo�3 w�3 ��2 oo�3
for n e N. Then,f is
10. Find the domain of thefunction (a) surjective but not injective
f (x)=(x +1)/ (x -3x +3)
2 2
(b) injective but not surje�tive
(a)R- {I, 2} (b)R-{ l,4} (c) bijective
(c)R (d)R-{1} (d) neither injective nor surjective

11. If log o.04 (x-1) � log o.2 (x +1),then x belongs to 21. The domain of thefunction f (x)=log 2x _ 1 (x -1) is
the interval
(a)( l ,oo ) (b)G,oo ) (c)(O,oo ) (d)None ofthese
(a) (1,2] (b) (-oo,2]
(c) [2,oo ) (d) None ofthese
12. The domain off (x)= logx+s (x - 4 ) is
2 22. Iff (x)=� - tan (T ),- 1 <x <I and
(a) x<5 and x>-5
g(x)=�3 + 4x-4x 2 , then domain (f +g) is given by
(b) x< -2or x> 2and xe (-10, 0)
(c) x< - 2or x> 2and x> -Sand x.t:-4
(a)[1,1] (b)[1,-1) (c)[-{1) (d) [ -1,-1]
(d) x> 4 and x< 10
13. lflog 0 (ab) =x, then what is logb (ab) equal to? 2
23. The range of thefunction f (x)= tan �7t -x is
(a)-
2
(b)- (d)- 9
[ X X X
(c)-
x+l x-1
(a)[O ,3] (b)[O,.J3]
x 1-x
f(I.I) - f(l ) (c)(- oo,oo )
1.f• Iff (x)=x , then the value of
2
is (d) None of these
(1 .1 -1)
2.f. If thefunction gof is defined and onto, then
(a) OJ (b) 2.1 (c) 0 (d) 21
(a) neither f nor g is onto
15. Thefunction/(x)=5x andg(x)=.J4-x. (b) f and g both are necessarily onto
2

(c) f must be onto

Then, domain or(; )ex) is
(d) None ofthe above
(a)(-oo, 4 ) (b)( 4,oo ) (c)(-00,00 ) (d)(O,oo ) 25. Which ofthe following options is correct?
(a) gof is one one� g is one-one
-- 16. Afunction/: X � Y is said to be onto, if for every (b) gof is one-one� f is one-one
ye Y, there exists an element x in X such that (c) gof is onto � g is not onto
(a) f(x)=y (b) f(y)=x (d) gof is onto� f is onto
(c) f(x)+y=0 (d) f(y)+x= 0
26. Let X = {l, 2, 3 } and Y = {a, b, c } and/ :X � Y ax+b
33. The function J : C � C defined byf (x) = -- for
be one-one and onto function given by/(l)= a, ex+d
/(2)= b, J (3)= c. Then, the functiong: Y � X
such thatfog=Ir and go/ =Ix is given by
*
x e C, where bd 0 reduces to a constant function, if
(a)a=c (b) b=d (c) ad=bc (d) ab=cd
(a)g(a)= 2,g(b)=� g(c)= 3
(b)g(a)=� g(b)= 2, g(c)= 3 34. The values of b and c for which the identity
(c)g(a)= �g(b)= 3,g(c)= 2 J (x + 1) -/ (x) = 8x +3 is satisfied, where
(d)g(a)= 3,g(b)=2,g(c)=l
f (x) = bx 2 +ex+d, are
21. A function/: X � Y is said to be invertible, if
(a) b= 2, c= I (b)b=4,c=-l
there exists a function g: Y � X such that
(c)b=-l,c=4 (d) b= -I , c= 1
(a)go/= Ix andfog= Ix
(b)go/= Iy andJog = Iy 35. Iff (2x +3)=sin x+2x , thenf (4m-2n +3) is
(c)gof=lr andfog=lx equal to
(d)go/= Ix and fog= I y (a)sin ( m - 2n )+2 2 m-n (b)sin (2 m -n)+i<m-n)l
28. lf/(x)=4x 3 +3x 2 +3x +4, then x 3/(:;) (c)sin (m-211)+ i< m+n)2 (d)sin (2 m -n)+2 2 m-n
36. If J (x) = ex and g(x)= log e x, then which of the
is equal to
I following is true?
(a)J(-x) (b) (a)/{g(x)}*g{/(x)} (b) /{g(x) }=g{/(x)}
f(x)
(c) f{g(x)} +g{/(x)} =0 (d)/{g (x)} -g{/(x) }= I
(d)f(x) 31. If J : R � R and g: R � R are defined by
f (x)=x -3 and g(x) =x 2 + 1, then the values of x
29. If/(0)= 1,/( 1 )= 5 and /(2)=1 1 , then the equation for which g{/(x)} = 10, are
of polynomial of degree two is (a)0,-6 (b)2,-2 (c)l,- 1 (d)0,6
(a)x2 + 1=0 (b)x2 +3x+l=0
(c)x2 -2x+ 1=0 (d)None of these
ax
*
38. If/ (x) = - , x - 1, then for what value of a.,

rn
x+I
30. If [x] denotes the greatest integer� x, then J{f(x)}=x?

[fl i +
[
+
1
99]
+
[ i +
2
99
]+ +
··· +:: ] is equal to
(a).J2 (b)- .J2 (c)- 1 (d) 2
39. Let/: R � R be given by/ (x) = tan x. Then,
(a) 99 (b) 98 (c)66 (d)65 1-1 (1) is
31. Iff (x) =cos (log x), then 7t
(a)- (b){mt + �:nez}

[1 (�) +J(xy)] bas the value

4
J(x) J(y) -� (c) Does not exist (d)None of these

(a) -1 (b) 1/2 (c)-2 (d)0 40. Let A= R -{3 } and B = R -{l }. If/: A� B
. x -2 t
defined by/ (x) = is inverible, then the
X
*
32. Iff (x) = -, x 1, then (Jojo ... of) (x)
x-1
x -3
19 times inverse of/ is
is equal to 3 +2 3 -2
(a) y (b) y
1 9x y- 1 +l
(a)-
X
(c) (d) x y
x- 1 x-1 3 -2
(c) y (d) None of these
y-1
 Exercise 3: Exam Excerpts
1 . Ifg(x) =I +,J; and /(g(x)) =3 +2,J; +x, the�
I. The domain of f(x) =sin-• [1og 2 (�)}s
f[f(x)] is (2023) (2021)
(a)x + 4x+ 6 (b)x +x +6
2
(a)O :S;x:S;l (b)0 :S;x:S;4
4 2

(c)x +x+6
2
(d)x4 +4x2 +6 (C) 1 :S;XS 4 (d)4 S XS 6
x-l
2. If/ : [1, 00) � [2,00) is given by/ (x) =x + .!._, then 9. If f(x) = 2 ,x ;t-5, then 1-• (x)is equal to
X
+5X (2021)
x+5 I 5x+l
1-• (x) equals (2022) (a)--,x;t- (b)- -,x;t:2
2x-l 2 2 -x
x+ �x2 -4 x x-3 ;t- I 5 x-l
(a)---'---- (b)- ­ (c)-- x (d}- - ,x;t 2
2 l +x2 2x+l' 2 2-x
x-�x2 -4 -� 10. If/ (x)= ar ,x ;t -I, for what values of a is
(c) (d) l+�x1'-4 x+I
2
f(f(x)) =x? (2021)
3. If/: [O, 00) � (0, 00) and / (x) =___:__, then/is a
( )� (b) -./2 c
( )-1 (d) 2
l +x (2022)
11. Which of the following is an even function? (2020)
a
( ) one-one and onto
�) one-one but not onto ( a) f(x) = 3cos x +4 (b) f(x) =2 sin x +3
(c) f(x) = x +x (d)/(x)= x2 sin x
2
(c) onto but not one-one
(d) neither one-one nor onto 12. The domain of the function f(x) =.Jsinx +�16 -x 2
4. The period of the function is (2020)
sin8xcos x -sin 6xcos 3x. ( a)[-4 ,O ] u (0,1t] (b)(-4,4 )
/ (X )=--------lS
cos 2x cos x -sin 3x sin 4x (2022) (c)[-4,-1t) u [O,1t] (d)[- 4,1t]
(a) 7t (b)21t 13. For f(x) =[x] , where [x] is the greatest integer
(c)n/2 (d) None of these function, which of the following is true, for every
5. The range of the function f(x) = ?-x Px-J is (2022) XE R. (2019]
(a) {I,2,3,4, 5} (a) [x]+I=x (b) [x]+l<x
(b) {I,2,"3,4, 5,6} (C) [X] + 1 :S;X (d) [x] + I> X
(c){ l,2,3,4 } 14. The domain of the function/(x)=Fx is (2018]
(d) {I,2,3}
(a)R (b)R u{O} (c)R-{O}
+ +
(d)R
6. If/ ( x)=sin � +sin ( x + ;) +cos x cos (x + ;)
2 2
15. If/ (x) =3x -2 and g(x) =x , then (fog)(x) = ..... .
2

(2017]
and g (� ) = 1, then go/ (x) is equal to (a)3x -2
2
(b)3x +2
2
(c)3x-2 (d)2 -3x2
4 (2021)
(a )I (b)-1 (c)2 (d)-2 16. If f: R - { 2} � R is a function defined by
x 2 -4 .
7. Range of the function / (x) =� is f(x) =--, then its range 1s
1 +X (2021) X -2 (2016]
(a)(- 00,00 ) (b)[-1, l) (a) R (b) R - {2}
(c)
[-f 1] (d)[-�. �] (c)R - {4} (d) R - {-2,2}
, :- Score Yourself
'. .. •L 't.

I. (a) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) s. (d) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
Exercise 1
21. (a)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c) IS. (a) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (b)
Topic Masters
1 31. (c)
22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (d)

1
I 4 . (d)
32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (d) 40. (c)
42. (b) 43. (a) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (b) so. (a)

.. 2. (a) s.
I
(b) 3. (a) 4. (c) (c) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (c)

21. (a)
Exercise 2 11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) IS. (a) 16. (a) 17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (d)
29. (b) 30. (c)
1 31. (d)
Chapter Challengers 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (d)
32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (c)

I. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) s. (d) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (c)
Exercise 3 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (a) 16. (c)
Exam Excerpts

�l�.:�: ._,-,f_�.: ._ Support Section

Exercise 1 : Topic Ma... rs xi , 0 SxS3
4. (a) We have, f(x)= {
3x,3SxSIO
1. (a) R = { (I, 2), (2,4), (3, 6), (4 , 8), ...... }
Since, every natural number N has one and only one image, this Observe for O S x S3,
relation R is a function. We have, f(x)= x 2 and for3Sx S LO, we have f(x)= 3x
The domain of R is the set of natural number i.e. N. Also, atx=3,/(x)=3 2 =9 or /(x)=3x3=9
The codomain is also N, and the range is the set of even natural i.e. atx=3, f(x)=9
numbers.
Therefore, for every x, 0 S x S 10, we have unique image
2. (c) Since2, 3, 4 are the elements of domain of R 1 having their under f.
unique images, this relation R 1 is a function. Thus, the relation/ is a function.
Since, the same first element2 corresponds to two different 2
x , 0 S X S2
images2 and4, this relation R2 is not a function. N OW, g( X) = {
3x,2SxSIO
Since, every element has one and only one image, this relation
R3 is a function. Since, g(2)= i2 =4 and g(2)=3(2)= 6
3. (a) Let R be the set of real numbers. Define the real valued 2 has two images. So, g is not a function.

.. ,;, ..,I�: 1-.31-.21-.tI I:�:�

function/: R � R by y= f(x)= x for each x e R. Such a 5. (d) First construct the table given below
function is called the identity function. Here, the domain and
range off are R. The graph is a straight line as shown in figure
given below. It passes through the origin.
y
8 Domain off= {x : x e R }. Range off= {x2 : x e R}.
6 y=x The graph off is given by,
y

�....+-+-,--,>--,,-..,.....+-+--+-....... X
-8 -6 --4 - 4 6 8
--4 X'..---+--+--+----r-'--+---+--+--X
-6 --4 -2 _4 o 2 4 6
-6 -8
-8 -12
Y' -16
Y'
 I. (b) Given, f(x)=2x- -5 fJ. (b) We have, f(x)=�
On putting x =0, f(0)=2(0) - 5=- 5 /(x)is defined, ifx - 1� 0 i.e. x � l
X= 7, f(7)= 2(7) - 5 =9 :. Domain off= [1, oo)
:. /(0) * /(7)
1J. (b) We have, f(x)=ax+ b
and X= - 3, f(- 3)=2(-3) -5=-6- 5=-11
/(-1) =a (-1) +b
7. (c) Let /(x)=b- x2 => -5=-a+b ...(i)
/(x)is defined, if 9 - x2 � 0 => x2 - 9S 0 and f(3)=a(3)+b
=> (x +3) (x - 3)SO => - 3S x S3 => 3 =3a +b ...(ii)
[·: (x -a) (x - b)S 0, aSxS b, a <b]
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get
=> XE [-3, 3) 3 -(-5)=(3a +b)- (-a+ b)
:. Domain of/=[- 3,3)
=> 3 +5=3a +b +a - b
=> 8 =4a => a= 2
Now, let y= f(x), then
From Eq. (i), we get
y=�9-x2 => /=9-x2 (on squaring)
-5=-2+b
=> x=±�9-J b=-3
x assumes real values, if9 - J �0 '"· (c) We have, f(x)=--
X

=> /- 9SO => -3SyS3 => ye[-3,3] l +x2

But f(x)=y� 0. Let, f(x)= y
X
Range off= [0,3] y=
l +x 2
I. (b) For f(x)=g(x)
=> x2 y+ y = X => yx2 -X + y = 0
=> 2x- -J=l - 3x
2
x assumes real values, ifD � 0
=> 2x-2 +3x -2=0 (-1)2 -4 (y)(y) � 0 => 1 -4 /� 0 => 4 /-1S 0
=> a2 +4x - X -2=0 f I Il
=> 2x- (x +2) - I (x +2)=0
=> (2y+1)(2y - l)S 0 => ye -
l 2,2J
=> (x +2) (2x- - I)= 0 f 1 l
=>
I
x=- 2 -
Range off= -
L 2,2]
'2

:. The domain for which the function f(x)=g(x) is {-2 , ½} 15. (a) /(7)=2(7)2 - 3(7)+4
=2 (49) -21+4=98 - 21+4= 81
f(-2t)=2(-2t)2 - 3 (-2t)+4
I
9. (d) We have, f(x)=
-!xi' =2(4t )+61+ 4 =812 +61+4
2
�x
X - X =0, if X � 0 11. (a) Given, 21og8 N =p ...(i)
where x - l x l={
X - (- x)=a, if X <0 log2 2N =q ...(ii)
Thus, � is not defined for x eR. and q-p=4 ...(iii)
vx -Ix! From Eq. (i), gP = N 2 => 23p = N 2 ...(iv)
Hence, f is not defined for any x eR. 2q
From Eq. (ii), 2N =29 => N =-=29 - 1 ...(v)
x +l 2
10. (a) We have, f(x)=-- 1
x- I From Eqs. (iv) and (v), 2 =(2 - )2
3P 9

:. f(x)is defined when x -1 * 0 => x -:t 1 => 23p = 22q - 2 => 3p=2q- 2
:. Domain off(x) is R-{l}. => 2q- 3p=2 ...(vi)
11. (c) f(x) is defined, ifx2 -8x +12 -:;a 0 On solving Eqs. (iii) and (vi), we get p= 6 and q=10
N =i 1° -1=29 =512
or x2 - 6x - a +12 -:la 0
=> x (x -6) - 2 (x - 6) -:t 0 17. (a) x2 - 16 S 4x -11 (base=e> 1]
=> (x- 6)(x - 2)-:t 0 => X °I' 6, 2 => x - 4x - 5S0::::>(x-5)(x+l )<0::::>-ISxS5
2
...(i)
Domain off=R -{2, 6}
 Also, x 2 -16 >0=> x < -4 or x >4 ... (ii) 21. (a) f(g) (3m) = /(3m)g (3m)= [(3m)2 + 2]( 5(3m)-8 )
11 =(9m2+2](15m-8]=1 35m3-72m2+ 30m-16
and 4x-11>0=> x>- ... (iii)

From Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii), we get 4 < x � 5 21. (a) A function f: X-+ Y is defined to be one-one
(or injective), if the images of distinct elements of X
fl. (c) log 10 50 = log 101-=
00
log 10100-log 102= 1.69897 under fare distinct, i.e. for every x 1, x 2 e X, f(x 1) = f(x2 )
implies x 1 = x2.
2
I
-log21 7 21. (a) f: X -+ Y is onto, if and only if range off = Y.
ft. (a)
�f-­
-log 3 23 2'. (d) Here, f: R-+ Ris given by f(x)= [x]
2
It is seen that /(1.2) =(1.2] = 1, /(1. 9)=(1.9)= I
20. (b) (log3 x) (log_,. 2x)(log2z y)= logxx 2
Therefore, /(1.2) = /(1.91 but 1.2 * 1.9
logx log2x logy logx 2 log a] Therefore, f is not one-one.
x x = [·: logb a=
log3 logx log2x logx log b Now, consider 0.7 e R. It is known that f(x)= [x]is always an
logy logx 2 => loky integer.
= =2 Thus, there does not exist any element x e Rsuch that
log3 logx log3
f(x)= 0.7.
logy= 21og3=> logy= log32 => y= 9
Therefore, f is not onto.
Hence, the greatest integer function is neither one-one nor onto.
21. (a) log r x (x + 3)] = log[x 3 (x+ 3)]- log[2 (x -4)2]
3

l 2 (x - 4)2
JO. (d) Given, function is f(x)= x + bx+ c.
2

= [logx + log(x+ 3)-[log2+ log(x-4) ) It is a quadratic equation in x.

3 2

= [31ogx+ log(x+ 3)]-[Iog2-21og(x-4)] So, we will get a parabola either downward or upward.
= 31ogx+ log(x+ 3)-log2+ 21og(x-4) Hence, it is a many-one mapping and not onto mapping.
Hence, it is neither one-one nor onto mapping.
2l. (c) lo (x - 5) is defined for (x-5)>0 i.e. x>5.
So, domain is (5, oo).
ZJ. (c) log x 5 · logx /· log,z3 = 5 log x · 2 logx y· 3 log,z
y y

[ ·: log., b = n log., b]
n
Jf. (c) Given, f(n) =
l 2• n is even
n0, n is odd
Here, we see that for every odd values of n, it will give zero. It
means that it is a many-one function.
= 5logy x· 21ogx y-3xl [·: log.,a =I]
For every even values of n, we will get a set of integers
logx logy logb
= 5. x2 - x3 [·: log.,b= ]
(- oo, oo). So, it is onto. Hence, it is surjective, but not injective.
logy logx log a
JZ. (d)
= 5x2x3=30 Graph of sin x
y
24. (a) We have, IO&f'"'m + log8 -I = -
2 A
6 3
m
=> logg [·: log., p+ log., q = log., (p x q)]
6 =3
2

� = (8)2' 3 = (2 3 )213 = 2 2 = 4
6
Y'
m =6 x 4 =2 4 Graph of cos x
y
25. (c) We have, f(x)= x+ 1, g(x)= 2x - 3
(f +g)(x)= f(x)+g(x)= x+ I+ 2x - 3 = 3x -2
(f -g)(x)= f(x)-g(x)=x + l -2x + 3=-x + 4

(1.)
g
(x) = f(x), providedg(x)* 0
g(x) Y'
In the given options (a), (b) and (c) the curves are decreasing
=�.provided 2x- 3
2x- 3
*0 and increasing in the given intervals, so it is not one-one
function. But in option (d), the curve is only increasing in the
i.e. x*- given intervals, so it is one-one function.
2
33. (c) Since, f(n) =I+n 2
3
(_Qx_:!:_4)) +4
For one-one, I+n� =I+� 7x +4
S.1m1.1ar1 y, fiog (x) = f (--) = ( (5x - 3) )
=> nf - � = 0 => n1 = ni 5x - 3
5 _Q-:2..._
(5x - 3)
4)
_7
So, f(n) is one-one.
2l x+l2+20x - 12 =-=x
41x
But f(n) is not onto as some element of codomain is not the =
image of any element of domains. 35 X+20 - 35x+ 21 41
Hence, f(n) is one-one but not onto. Thus,gof(x) = x, 'ti x e Band fog(x) = x, 'ti x e A, which
implies thatgo/=I 8 and fog =IA ·
34. (b) Since, A= {x :- 1 Sx Sl }and B = {y:-1 SyS2}
39. (d) Consider/: {I, 2, 3,4}--+ {I, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 }defined as
Also, y= f(x) =I =x2 f(x) =x,'tlxandg: {I, 2, 3,4, 5, 6}--+ {I, 2, 3,4, 5, 6 }as
For x = -l, y =l+(-1)2 =2 g(x) = x, for x =I, 2, 3, 4 andg(5) =g(6) =5. Then,
and for x =I, y =I+12 =2 gof(x) =x, 'ti x which shows thatgo/is one-one. But g is
clearly not one-one.
Thus, f is not injective (one-one). Here, for all B, there is a
pre-image. Hence, f is surjective. 40. (c) If/: X--+ Yis a function such that there exists a function
g : Y--+ X such thatgo/=Ix and fog =Ir, then/ must be
x, x e Q
35. (d) Let <,(x) =f(x)-g(x)={ one-one and onto.
-x, XEQ
For one-one 41. (d) Given, f(x) =-Ix andg(x)=2x-3
Take any straight line parallel to X-axis which will intersect fog (x) =/{g(x)} =/(2x - 3}= .J2x - 3
$(x) only at one point. So,$ (x) is one-one. For domain of fog(x),
X, XE Q 3
For onto As,$(.x) = { 2x - 3<?0 => 2x.?3 => x2:-
-x, xEQ 2
x e(¾, oo)
which shows y =x and y = - x for rational and irrational
values.
=> ye Real numbers. 42. (b) Given, f(x)=(a-xn ) lln
Range =Codomain fof (x) = f (f(x))=[a-{(a-xn ) 1 ' n n ll n
So, $(x)is onto. =[a-(a-xn )] lln =x
Thus, f - g is one-one and onto.
43. (a) An arbitrary element yin Y is of the form n2, for some
36. (a) We have,/: A --+ Band g: B--+ C be two functions.
Theo, the composition of/and g, denoted by go/, is defined as n e N. This implies that n = fy.
the functiongo/ : A--+ C given by This gives a functiong : Y--+ N, defined by g(y) =fi,.
go/ (x) =g(f(x)), 'ti x e A Now,gof(n) =g(n 2 ) = H= n and

A C fog(y) =f(fi,) = (fi,)2 = y, which shows thatgo/=IN and

fog = I Y· Hence, / is invertible with ; 1 =g = fi,.

44. (c) Let ybe an arbitrary element of range of/.

got Then, y =4x2 + l 2x+IS, for some x in N, which implies that
y = (2. + 3)2 +6.
37. (c) We have,
gof(x) =g{f(x)]=g(cosx) =3 (cosx)2 =3cos 2 x ,l, y�)-3)
This gives · '----'---'-, as y2: 6.

r- l
2
Similarly, fog(x) =f(g(x)) �/(3x ) =cos(3x 2
)
2

Note that 3cos 2 x * cos3x , for x = 0.

2
Let us define g: S --+ N by �(y) =
«.Jy- 6) - 3)
�
.
Hence,go/ * fog. No\\ 7,,1 ( ) =g(f(x)) = g(4Y" • I '.b + 15)
(3x+4)
7( ) +4 =g(( + ,- +6 )
3x+4 7)
38. (b) We have, go/(x) =g ( ) =
5x - 7 (3x+4) _ ((, 1 1 � 6 - 6) - 3)
r1
5 3 =
2
(Sx - 7)
( 2x+3 - .>)
2) X+28+20x - 28 41 X
=------- -- =X
= =x
I 5x+20 - I 5x+ 21 41
 ( )-3) 47. (b) Consider ((f.g) oh)(x)
and fog(y)= 1( {� )
= (f.g)(h(x)) f(h(x)).g(h(x))
=

_ 2((�)'-:- 6)-3)
2 = (foh)(x).(goh)(x) = {(foh).(go h)}(x)
. (-'-'----_.;_+3) +6
� ((f.g) oh)(x) = {(foh).(go h)}(x), 'r;/ x e R
2
Hence, (f.g) oh = (f oh).(go h)
= ((� y- 6)-3+3)2 +6
Now, consider ((/ + g) oh)(x) = (f + g)(h(x))
=(�y-6)2 +6 = y-6 +6 = y
= f(h(x))+g(h(x))=(foh)(x)+(goh)(x)
Hence, go/= IN and fog= Is· = {(J oh)+(goh)}(x)
This implies that / is invertible with 1- 1 = g.
((/ +g) oh)(x) = {(Joh)+(goh)}(x), 'r;/ xe R
45. (b) Given that, /:R -{-i}�3
R is defined as /(x)= �
3x+4
Hence, (/ + g) oh= Joh +goh
1-x
Let ybe an arbitrary element of range off. 41. (a) For f(x)= -, consider/o/(x)= f(f(x))

{-1}
I+x
Then, there exists x e R - such that y= f(x) 1-x

�
4x
y =-- �3xy+4y = 4x
=/(�
l+x
)= 1-T+:;
1-x
3x+4 1 +-­
l+x
� x (4-3y) = 4y �x = � l+x-l+x
4-3y = = x
l+x+1-x

{ 4} · 4
Let us define g:range /� R - -- as g(y)= __Y__ fof(x) =x
3 4-3y
� f is the inverse of itself.
4 49. (b) Let y = f(x) � r'(y)= x. The given function is
4x (� )
Now,(gof)(x) = g(f(x)J = g(-- =
3x +4) 4x f (x) = ix<x- I)
4-3 (-- )
3x+4 x(x- I)= log2 f(x)
2
16x- 16x x - x -log2 /(x)= 0
= -=x
12x+ l6-12x 16 I ±�I+ 41og2 /(x)
X = --=----=..:.....:..c...

4(�)
. 2

and (fog)(y) = f(g(y))= 1(�)

4-3y
=
4-3y 1 +�I+41og2 /(x)
X = --=--- -=..:.....:...c..

3(�)+4
4-3y [·: X lies in the interval [ l ,oo)]
16y l6y
= - = y '
r (y) =
1 +�I+41og2 y
[·: y = f(x)]
l2y+ l6-12y 16 2
Therefore, go/ = I
R
-{-i} and fog = I range/
r'(x) =
1+�1+ 4 log 2 x
2
Thus, g is the inverse of I i.e. r' =g. [replacing y by x]

Hence, the inverse of/ is the mapg: range /� R - {-1} 50. (a) Let y = f(x)
X = r'(y)
which is given by g(y)= �- Now, y= f(x)
4-3 y
1-x
46. (a) The functions /:{1,3,4}� {1,2,5} andg : {1,2,5}� {1,3} are y = --,x:;t-1
l+x
defined as /= {(1,2),(3,5),(4,1)} 1-y
x =- -
and g = {{1,3),(2,3),(5,1)}. 1+ y
go/(1)= g(/(1))= g (2)= 3 [·: /(1)=2 and g(2)= 3] 1-y
r I (y) = , y :;t -1
go/(3)= g(/(3))= g(5)=1 [·: /(3)= 5 andg(5)= 1] 1+ y

go/(4)=g(/(4))= g(I) = 3 [·: /(4)= I andg(l)-= 3] Replacing y by x, we get

go I= {(1,3),(3, 1),(4,3)} r'(x)=f(x)
Exercise 2 : Chapter Challengers 5. (c) /(x) assumes real values,if
1 (b) Constant function Define the function f: R-+ R by 4 -x2 > 0 = x2 - 4 <0
y= f(x)=c, xeR,where c is a constant. Here,domain off is � (x+�(x- �<0=xe�i�
Rand its range is {c}. :. Domain off=(-2,2)
y
6
y = f(x)=3
6. (c) Given,f(x)=x 3 -� = J
X
(.!.)=� -x
X X
3

4
I 3 I I 3
2 :. f(x)+ f (-) =x --+--x=O
3 3
x·._..--+-_._--+--+--+--+---+-+X x x x
43-6-4-20 2 4 6 8
-2 7. (a)·: /(1)= I, /(2)=3, /(0)=-1,/(0) =-I
-4
= a(O)+ b=-1=b=-1
-6
and /(!)= I=a(l) + b=I=a+ b=1
Y'
= · a -l=l=a=2
e.g. The graph of/(x)= 3,is a line passing through (0,3) and
parallel to X-axis. x2
I. (c) We have, /(x)=--2
I+ X
2. (a) We have,
x2
/(0)=0,/(I)=l, /(- I}=-� / (2)=8, f (-2) =-8 , Let /(x)=y,then y=--2 =x2 y+y=x2
l+x
/(3)=27; f (-3)=-27 etc.
Therefore,f= {(x,x ): xeR}
3

The graph off is given by,

= y = x 2 (I -y) =x =�
y
1 -y
y xeR
So, _L_ �o =_L_ so
1 -y y -1
= 0 S y <I = ye[ 0,I}
Hence,range off=[ 0,I)
,. (b)·: t(m)=4 = 3m -m=4 2

= 3m -m-4=0 = 3m -4m
2 2
+ 3m -4=0
= m(3m -4) + I (3m -4) = 0
4
= (3m -4)(m + I} = 0
3. (a) We have,f(x)=x + 10 , /(0)=10 , /(I)= n Therefore,m=- or m=-I
3
/(2)=12 ...... /(10)= 20 etc.,
and /(-I)=9,/(-2)=8 ... /(-10)=0 ... (x2 + l)
10. (c) ·: f(x) = __,!._....:__

Therefore,the graph ofthe given function is (x -3x+ 3)

2

So,(x + I) is well defined for all xe R.

2

Also,x2 -3x i:" 3 has imaginary roots.

So,.x2 -3x+ 3 is also defined for all real number i.e. xe R.
Hence,domain ofthe function is R.
11. (c) lo&o04 (x- I)�lo&o2 (x -I} . ..(i)
For log to be defined x - I > 0=x > I
Y' From Eq. {i),IO&(o2) 2 (x- I)�lo&o2 (x -I}
4. (c) Since,is is positive for every xeR. So,/(x)=is is a = .!.2 lo&o2 -I)�lo&o2 -I)=rx-::i S
(x (x (x -I)
positive real number for every xe R.
Range off=R + = rx-::i (I -rx-::i) S O = I -rx-::i S 0
Now, f(x)=I=ix=I=ix= 2°=x=0 = rx-::i�,. =x�2
{x: f(x)= 1}={0} xe[2,oo)
+1
We have, f (x+y)=is =-ix-21 =f (x)· f(y) 12. (c) Since,log0 x is defined for a, x > 0 and a*- I f (x) is defined
:. f (x+ y)= f(x)· f(y)'I:/ x, ye R. for (x2 -4) > O; x + 5 > 0,x+ 5 *- L
 i.e. (x-2)(x+ 2) > O,x >-5,x *-4 /(I)= J2 =I, /(2)=2(2)+I = 5
i.e.x <-2 orx >2 andx >-5andx *-4 /(3)=32 =9, /(4)=2(4)+1=9
13. (d) Given, log.,(ab)= x => log., a+ log., b = x /(3)=/(4)
=> I+ log., b = x => log., b = x -I So, / is not injective.
Now, lo&, ab = logb a+ logb b Also, f is not surjective as some element of N is not the image •
of any element of N.
I 1 l+x-1 -- x
=--+I=--+I= =
log., b x -I x- I x-1 21. (a) For f(x) to be defined,

14. (b) We have, f(x) = x2

x -I >0 and 2x - 1 >0 and 2x -I I *
I
/(LI)-/(I) (L l)2 - 12 1.21 - I 0.21
=> *
x >I, x > - and x I => x > I
2
= = = =2.I
LI -I LI-I 0.1 0.1 Hence, the domain is {I, oo).
• 1t
22. (c) Given, f(x) =¾- tan ( ;) , where-I < x <I
15. (a) Domain of(l) (x) = � is (-oo,4)
g v4-x
Given, domain of f(x) is d1 = (-1, 1)
As, at x =4 the denominator g(x) =0.
For domain of g(x), 3+4x - 4x2 <!: 0
16. (a) A function f: X-+ Y is said to be onto ( or surjective),
=> �x -3X2x+QS0
if every element of Y is the image of some element of X under
f i. e. for every ye Y, there exists an element x in X such that :. Domain of g(x) is d2 = [- ¾, ¾]
f(x)= y.

11. (d) The given function is f(x) = -f--, Vxe R

Hence, domain of{/+g) = di ri d2 = [-½, 1)
• X +I
For Xi, x2 e R, consider /(x i )= f(x2 ) 23. (b) Given, f(x) = tan �
Xi X
-- =-- ::::> XiX2 + Xi =Xri+ X2 1t 2
2 2 2
x:+1 x�+I For f(x)to be defined, - -x2 � 0
9
XiX2( X2 - Xi)= X2 - Xi=> Xi X2 = I 2 1t 2 1t 1t
=> x S-::>--SxS-
*
We know that there are points xi and x2 with xi x2 and 9 3 3
f(xi) = f(x2 ), for instance, if we take xi =2 and x2 = .!., then
2
:. Domain off= [- �, �]
2 2 I
we have /(xi)= - and f(x2) = - but 2 *-· Since, the greatest value of
5 5 2
Hence, / is not one-one. Also, f is not onto. As, if f is onto, 1t
f(x) is tan = tan - = ..Jj whenx =0 and the least value
3
then forI e R 3 x e R such that f(x) =I which gives
1t
-f--
X+I
= L But there is no such x in the domain R, since the of /(x)is tan =0 whenx =-.
3
Hence, range of f(x) is [0 , ..Jj}
equation x 2 - x .... l= Q does not give any real value
ofx. 24. (d) Consider f: {I,2, 3, 4}-+ {I, 2, 3, 4} and
11. (d) Given, n(A) =4 and n(B) = 6 g: {I, 2, 3, 4}-+ {I, 2, 3} defined as/(I)=I,/(2)= 2,
/(3)=/(4)=3, g(I) = � g(2)=2 andg (3) = g(4) =3.
Here, n(B) > n(A)
It can be seen that gof is onto but f is not onto.
Hence, the fimction/ is one-one.
6P.i = � = 360 25. (b) In general, gof is one-one implies that f is one-one.
:. Required number of ways=
2! Similarly, gof is onto implies that g is onto.
19. (c) Letx, ye N such�at f(x) = f(y) 26. (b) Consider g: {a, b,c}-+ {I, 2, 3} as g(a) = � g(b) =2 and
g(c) = J. It is easy to verify that the composite gof =Ix is the
=> x + x+I = j-+ y+I=> (x - y)(x+y+I) =0
2
identify function on X and the composite fog = Ir is the
x = ·y or x = (-y- I) EN identity function on Y.
So, f is one-one. Also, / is not onto. 21. (d) A function f: X-+ Y is defined to be invertible, if there
exists a function g : Y-+ X such that gof =Ix and fog = Ir·
20. (d) Since, f(n) = {n\
2n+I,
if n is odd.
if n is even. The fuliction g is called the inverse off and is denoted
by/f 1 .
21. (d) Given, /(x) =4x3 + 3x2 +3x+4 34. (b)·: [b(x + 1)2+c(x+I)+ d] -[bx2 + ex+ d]=8x+ 3
x3f (-
I) =x3(4
x
3 -+4
-3 + -+ 3
) .- - =) (2b) X + (b+ c)= 8x+3
x x2 x =) 2b = 8,b+C=3
=4 + 3x+3x2 4x 3=f(x) =) ,
b=4 c=-1 [·:x*-1]
I
+

Z,. (b) Given, /(0) = I, /(1) = 5 and /(2) =1 1 35. (d) Given, f(2x+3) = sin x + 2" ,
Let the second degree polynomial be f(x) =ax +bx+c. 2 On putting x =2m - n ,we get
-f(0)=0+ 0+C /(2(2m - n) +3)= sin (2m f n)+22m -n
=) c= I ...(i) =) f(4m - 2n+3) = sin (2m - n) +22m -n
/(!)=a+b+C
=) 5=a+b+I 31. (b) Given, /(x)=e' and g(x) =lo&x
=) a+b = 4 ...(ii) Now, f{g(x)} =t 8 • =x and g{f(x)} = lo&£ =x
t
0 x

/(2)=4a+2b+C
/{g(x)} =g{f(f)}
=) 4a+2b+1 = 11
=) 2a+b = 5 ...(iii) 31. (d) Gi ven, /(x)=x -B,g(x) =x2 +I
On solving Eqs.(ii) and (iii), we get g{f(x)} = g(x- 3)
a= l,b=3 10 = (x- 3)2 + I
=)
So,the required equation is
=) JO = x2 + JO - 6x
x2 +3x + I= 0.
=) x(x- 6) =0 =) x =0, 6
f2 + r l O, r < 33
30. (c) {
L3 99r I, r�33 (�1) =
(ax)
a a 2x
2 3 r2 rl 2 31. (,)·.- /(f(x))= r(�)=
I. -
ax+x+I
2
x+I
98 r 98 r
[ + ]= + [ +-] -- +I
I. - I. l-
+
r=O 3 99
- r•O 3 -J
99 r•)) 3 99 x+I
=0+66=66
---=x (given)
31. (d) Given,f(x) = cos (log x) ax+x+ I

:. f(x) f( y)-½[ 1(-;) +f(x Y)]

a 2 =ttx+x + I
a 2 -1 =(a+l)x
(a+l)(a - I- x) =0
=cos(logx)· cos(logy)-½[ cos{lo\-;)}+cos(logxy)] a+1=0 [·: a- I -x * 0]
a=-1
I
= cos(IOl!t:) cos(logy)-
2 x 2 cos(logx) cos(logy) 3t. (b) The given function f: R-+ R is defined as
= c< logx ) cos(logy)- cos(logx) cos(logy)=0 f(x)= tan x
Now,let J (l)=x=) l=f(x)
*I
1
32. (a) Gi,en, f(x) =�,where x
x- 1
X
tanx =1 = tan �

;:-i
fol) X =f = =X x=n1t+-,neZ
( X)I
7t
x
(- -) - I
X-
4

=)
x-1

(Jo/of) x =f(fof) x = f(x) =

X
.1 1 (1) = {,m + ¾: n e Z}
x_ 1
:. (fofof... 19 times) (x) =f(x) =� 40. (c) Let ye B such that j tx)=y
x-1
x-2
--=y=)x-2 = xy-3y
ax+ b x-3
33. (c) Given, /(x) =
cx+d 3 y - 2 = xy - X =:. 3 y- 2 = X (y- I)
y-i 3y- 2
It reduces to a constant functiou, if x= 3 =) r'(y)=
a b y-1 y-1
-=-=) a d=bc
d [·: f(x)=y=)x=J (y)]
1
C
Exerci e 3 : Exam Excerpts (sin 9x+ sin 7x)- (sin 9x + sin 3x)
=-'------��----
(cos 3x+ cos x) + (cos 7 x -cosx)
(d) We have, g (x) =I+ ../x and /[g( x) ]= 3 + 2../x + x sin 7x - sin 3x 2 cos S x sin 2x
= tan 2x
f(g (x)) =2 + I+ 2../x + x cos 7 x + cos 3x 2 cos 2x cos S x
=2+{1+.Jx)2
:.Period off (x) = �
/[g (x)]=2 +[g (x)f 2
i.e. f (x) =2 + x2 5. (d) Here, 7
-x �- 3 is defined if7 - x �0, x - 3 �0
f[f(x)]= /[2 + x2 )=2 + (2 + x2 )2
and 7 - x �x - 3 => 3 s x S 5 and xe /
=2 +4 + x4 +4x2 x=3 ,4,5
=x 4 +4x 2 +6 /(3) 1-lp
l--3 = 4Po = I
=
Hence, f[f( x) ]=x +4x2 +6 4
(
/ 4 )= p = J = 3
H
4- J I'i
I x2 + I /(5)= 1-Sp J
= 2Pi
=2
"'-· (a) Lety=x + -=>y= -- S--
x X Hence, range off (x) = {I,2,3}
xy = x2 + I => x2 =0
1) 1)
- xy + I
6. (a) Given, f (x) = sin 2 x + sin 2 (x + + cosx cos(x +
y y
x= ± � => rl(y)= ±�
2 2
= sm
. 2 r.
x+ smxcos 7t + cosxsm
. 7t
3

r' (x)= ±�
x L 3]
3
2 . 1tl
+cosx cosxcos 7t -smxs1n
.
Since, the range of the inverse function is[ I, oo ),then [ 3 3J
we take
= sm
. 2 sinx
x + [- -+ cosx-
cosx .
+cos - --smx-
.,fitj
..fil r j
r -4
X + �x
2
l(x) =--'---- 2 2 1 2 2
2
sin 2x 3 cos 2x . .,fj
X - �x -4 = sm 2 x +--+--+sm x cosx·-
2 .
lfwe consider, r'( x ) =-�--, then r' (x)>I. 4 4 2
2
This is possible only,when (x -2)2>x2 - 4 cos 2 x . ..fi
+---sm x cosx·-
2 2
:> x
2
+4 -4x>x2 -4 => 8>4x
5sin x 5cos x 5
2 2

=> x < 2,when x>2 =- - +--=-

4 4 4
(b) Here,f :[ 0, 00)--+ [0, 00) i.e. domain is[ 0, oo ) and codomain
:. gof(x)=g[f(x) ]=g (¾) =I
is[O, oo}
For one-one, f (x) =--
X

1 +x 7. ( c) Lety= �:> x 2y-x+y=0

l+x
I
=> .f(x)=-->0,v'xe[O,
(I+ x 2
oo ) For x to be real, 1-4 J �0 {discriminant=I-4 /}
)
=> 4 / -ISO => (2y- 1)(2y + I)S 0
:. f(x) is increasing in its domain. Thus, f( x) is one-one in its
domain. I I
--$ yS-
For onto,we find range 2 2

l+x
x
f (x ) =--i.e. y=-- => y+ yx=x
l+ x
x
y=f( x) E [-½,¾]
x= _L => _L�O as x �O
1-y 1-y 8. (c) Given, f(x) = sin-1[1ogi(�)] => -1S log2 (�) S l

OSy* l
-I X J ) X
i.e. Range* Codomain 2 S -S2 ::>-S-S2::>1SxS4
2 2 2
:.f (x ) is one-one but not onto.
2x- Sy+I
sin8xcosx - sin6xcos3x 9. {d)Lety= l :>x=
4• (c) G'1ven, /(x )=--------- x+ 5 2-y
cos2x-cosx - sin 3x-sin4x
Sx- 1
2sin 8 x cos x -2sin 6x cos 3x r 1(x)=--,x*2
2-x
2cos 2x cos x -2sin 3x sin 4 x
 ax This will be real iffl6 - x2 .?: 0=> -4 � x�4
10• (c)f(x)=-,x;tl
x+l
Thus, the domain of the given function is

f(f(x))= 1
ax
j\x+ l)=
a
(fI-i) =
a2x
{x : xe[2n7t, 2mt + 7t], ne /} n [-4,4]
i.e. [-4, - 1t] u [O, 1t]
ax ax+x+ I
( )+ 1
x+I 13. (d) We have,f(x)= [x]
2
.a x We know that, x= [x] + {x },
=> =x [given]
ax+x+ I where[x] is greatest integer function and {x} is fractional part.
=> x[a 2-ax- x-1] = 0 => {x}=x-[x]
=> x(a + l)(a -1-x) = 0 0 � {x} < I
=> x= O ora+ I= 0 O�x-[x]<I

or a= l+x => [x]�x <[x]+ I=> [x]+ 1 >x

[·:a-1- x;tO]_
=> a=- l ora= l+x 14. (b) We have,f(x)= ..fx
a=-1 J(x) is defined when x;;?: 0
[·: a= I+x gives value for particular x, not for allx] xe[O,oo)
11. (a) Let f(x)=3cosx + y
:. Domain of /(x) = R + u {O}
=> f(-x)= 3cos(-x) +4= 3cosx+4 [·: cos(-x) =cosx]
15. (a) We have,f(x)= 3x- 2, g(x)=x2
= J(x)
Then, (fog ) (x) = f(g(x))=f(x )= 3x - 2
2 2

12. (c) ·: f(x)= .Jsinx + �16-x2

x 2 -4
Let /1(x) =.Jsinx and f2 (x)= �16-x2 16• (c) We have, J(x)=--,x;t2
X-2

Now, fi(x)=.Jsinx (x+ 2)(x - 2)

=> J(x) = ,x;t2
This will be real iffsinx.?: 0 x-2
=> f(x)= (x+ 2), x;t2
0

=> xe[2n1t 2n7t + 7t],ne / and /2(x) = �16-x2

,

Range off(x) = R - {4}.