Criteria Marxism and Lenisim Divine origin theory Force Social Contract

When When class Oldest theory (before Ancient times First by sophist, roman law validated and
(state/law classifications appear eventeenth and quicky grew from 11th century and popular in
exists) with private property, or eighteenth centuries in XVI XVIII in Europe
the state was set up in the West)
the slave society, and it
continues to exists
Who (makes The state is the product The state was created The state is States are created by social contract between
state/law) of society (human by God and by His developed with people
being), upper class, deputy or Vicegerent. force, one
specifically The King is the person or small
representative of God group of people
claim control
over the
population by
force
“war begat the
king”
Why (state/law Conflicts btw classes It was used to support Mankind ‘s original condition was the state of
exists) The man-made state the theory of the divine nature, there was no organization or authority in
had two main functions: right of the king or the state of nature to regulate human behavior
include providing church and relations which one another. PPl entered
security to the owners of into deliberate contracts and agreements to
wealth or owners of escape from such a deregulated life  the rise
means of production and of state
to collect taxes from the
members of
society.
What (state/law Materialistic viewpoint Enforced discipline and Domimation or State reflex each member’ benefit in society and
is… The state is law-abidingness among Takeover each member in this society have the right to
Essence is) fundamentally an the subjects in those demand the state to serve them
 instrument of class anarchical conditions  State is created by human
domination Moral responsibility of Based on Idealism, regard the appearance of
(class nature and the rulers, state as expectation and want of parties in the
sociality) contract, failed to explain class nature of state

Note: It is a theory of political authority and not a theory of the origin of the State.
More: Evolutionary Theory of State

Criteria Evolutionary Theory

When (state/law exists)
Who (makes state/law)
Why (state/law exists)
The Evolutionary theory of the state was proposed
by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the
nineteenth century. Precisely, in the year 1858, the
world got to know about this theory
The state is the product of growth, a slow and
steady evolution extending over a long period of
time and ultimately shaping itself into the complex
structure of a modern state
The state is not a mere artificial mechanical creation
but an institution of natural growth or historical
evolution
Nature course
What (state/law is… The state advanced after some time, beginning with
Essence is) the crude family. One individual in the family was
resolved to be the head of the family. On a crude
level, a fundamental government was framed.
Components: Family relationship, religion, property
and defence, power and political cognizance