Metrology and Quality Control 4-1 Angular Measurement

Applications of Angle Dekkor:

In combination with angle gauges, it is used in:

(a) Measuring angle of a component.

(b) Angular setting of machines.

(c) Checking slope angles of V-blocks.

(d) Measuring angle of taper gauge.

Problem 4.1:SOLVED
An anglePROBLEMS ON
of value 33° ANGULAR
10’ MEASUREMENT
12” is to be measured and to be set with
the help of following standard angle gauges.
[1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1’, 3’, 9’, 27’], [3”, 6”, 18”, 30”]. Show the arrangement
to set up angle gauges with a sketch. Select minimum number of gauges.

Solution:

Degree Minutes Seconds

33° ⇒ 41° 10 ⇒ 9 12 ⇒ 18
 9° + 1  6
32° 10 12
+ 1°
33°
[41°, 9°, 1°] [9, 1] [18, 6]

We will use [41°, 9°, 1°, 9, 1, 18, 6]

o
33 10'12"

o
< 41

Fig. 4.19
Metrology and Quality Control 4-2 Angular Measurement

Problem 4.2: An angle of 139° 30 27 is to be developed using following

standard set of an angle gauges (S-15; W-16)
[1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1, 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30] and square block.
Solution:
Given angle = 139° 30 27
Given set = [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1, 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30]
As the given angle is more than 90°, we will use a square block (90°).

Degree Minutes Seconds

139° ⇒ 90° 27’ 30
+ 41° + 3’ − 3
131° 30’ 27
+ 9°
140°
 1
139
[41°, 9°, 1] [27’, 3’] [30, 3]
Therefore, we will use square block with [41°, 9°, 1, 27, 3’, 30, 3].
Problem 4.3: An angle of 98° 27 15 is to be developed using angle gauge set
of [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1 , 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30] and a right angle (square
block). (W-11, 13)
Show arrangement of using sketch.
Solution:
Given angle = 98° 27 15
Given set = [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1, 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30]
As the given angle is more than 90°, we will use a square block (90°) i.e. right
angle.
Degree Minutes Seconds
98° ⇒ 90° 27 ⇒ 27 15 ⇒ 18
+ 9°  3
99° 15
 1°
98°
[9°, 1°] [27] [18, 3]
We will use square block with [9°, 1°, 27, 18, 3]
Metrology and Quality Control 4-3 Angular Measurement

o
>1
o
<9 o
98 27'15"
o
90
square
block

Fig. 4.20

Problem 4.4: An angle of 117° 8 42 is to be developed using angle gauge set
of [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1 , 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30] and a right angle (square
block).

Solution:
Given angle = 117° 8 42

Given set = [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1, 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30]

As the given angle is more than 90°, we will use a square block (90°) i.e. right
angle.

Degree Minutes Seconds

Square block ⇒ 90° 8 ⇒ 9 42 ⇒ 30
+ 27° − 1 + 18

117° 8' 48

 1° − 6"
98° 42"
[90°, 27°] [9', 1'] [30", 18", 6"]

We will use square block with [27°, 9', 1, 30", 18", 6"]
Problem 4.5: An angle of 49° 29 18 is to be developed using standard angle
gauge set of 13 pieces. Calculate the angle gauges required.
Solution:
Given angle = 49° 29 19
Given set = [1°, 3°, 9°, 27°, 41°], [1, 3, 9, 27], [3, 6, 18, 30]
Metrology and Quality Control 4-4 Angular Measurement

Degree Minutes Seconds

49° ⇒ 41° 29 ⇒ 27 18
+ 9° + 3
50° 30
− 1° − 1'
49° 29'
[41°, 9°, 1°] [27, 3, 1] [18]
We will use [41°, 9°, 1°, 27', 3', 1', 18"]

o
49 29'18" o
< 41

Fig. 4.21

Problem 4.6: Construct an angle of 33° 19' 15" using minimum number of angle
gauges using standard gauge set. Draw the sketch of arrangement. (W-14)
Solution:
Degree Minutes Seconds
33° ⇒ 41° 19 ⇒ 27 15 ⇒ 18
 9° − 9  3
32° 18 15
+ 1° + 1'
33° 19'
[41°, 9°, 1°] [27', 9, 1] [18, 3]
We will use [41°, 9°, 1°, 27', 9', 1', 18", 3"]
Note: For arrangement, refer previous problem 4.4.
Metrology and Quality Control 4-5 Angular Measurement

Problem 4.7: Explain how you will use the angle gauge block for obtaining the
angle 3250' 54". (S-11)
Solution: Given angle = 32 50' 54"
Set available = [1 3 9 27 41] [1' 3' 9' 27'] [3" 6" 18" 30"]
Degrees and minutes Seconds
27 30"
+ 9 + 18"
36 48"
− 3 + 6"
33 54"
− 9'
32 51'
− 1'
32 50'
[27 9 3 9' 1'] [30" 18" 6"]
Therefore, we will use [27 9 3 9' 1' 30" 18" 6"].
Problem 4.8: A 100 mm sine bar is to be set up to an angle of 33°, determine
the slip gauges needed from 87 pieces set.
Solution: Given data:
θ = 33°
L = 100 mm (L = distance between roller centers)
Procedure:
For sine bar, we have, h = L sin 
h = 100 × sin (33°)
 h = 54.464 mm
M-87 set contains:
Range (mm) Step (mm) Pieces
1.001 to 1.009 0.001 9
1.01 to 1.49 0.01 49
0.5 to 9.5 0.5 19
10 to 90 10 9
1.005  1
Total pieces 87
To build up 54.464 mm height, the slip gauges from the given set are used as,
54.464
 1.004 1st slip gauge
53.46
 1.46 2nd slip gauge
52.00
 2.00 3rd slip gauge
50.00
 50.00 4th slip gauge
0
Minimum number of slip gauges required are 4.
Metrology and Quality Control 4-6 Angular Measurement

Problem 4.9: A 200 mm sine bar is to be set to an angle of 32 5' 6". Find the
length of the slip gauge combination required.
Solution: Given data: L = 200 mm
 = 32 5' 6"
Procedure: Given angle = 32 5' 6"
We know that, 1 = 60'
and 1' = 60"
6 0.1'
 Convert the6"intodegreeas, = 0.1' (minutes) = = 0.001667 (degrees)
6 6
5
Also, convert the 5' into degree as, = 0.0833 (degrees)
6
 Angle in degrees =  = 32 + 0.001667 + 0.0833
 = 32.085
We know, for sine bar,
h
sin  =
L
 h = L  sin ()
= 200  sin (32.085)
= 106.235 mm
This is the required length of the built-up using slip gauges.
Problem 4.10: If the length of sine bar is 100 mm and angle of 14 is to be
developed, determine the height of slip gauges and size of slips using M-45 slips.
(S-14, W-15)
Solution: Given data: L = 100 mm
 = 14
Procedure: For sine bar, we have,
h = L sin 
 h = 100  sin (14) = 24.192 mm
M-45 slip gauge set contains:

Range (mm) Step (mm) Pieces

1.001 to 1.009 0.001 9
1.01 to 1.09 0.01 9
1.1 to 1.9 0.01 9
1 to 9 1 9
10 to 90 10 9
Total pieces 45
Metrology and Quality Control 4-7 Angular Measurement

To build up 24.192 mm height, the slip gauges from the given set are used as,
24.192
 1.002 1st slip gauge
23.19
 1.09 2nd slip gauge
22.1
 1.1 3rd slip gauge
21.0
 1 4th slip gauge
20
− 20 5th slip gauge
0
Therefore, minimum number of slip gauges required to build up 24.192 mm
height is 5.

Important Points
• The vernier bevel protractor with acute angle attachment is the simplest angle
measuring and testing instrument.
• Spirit level is used to measure small angles or inclinations, to test straightness
and flatness of surfaces.
• Sine bar is a simple instrument, which utilizes high degree of accuracy available
for linear measurement.
• A Clinometer is a special case of the application of spirit level.

Theory Questions for Practice

1. Write a short note on universal vernier bevel protractor.
2. What is spirit level? What do you mean by its sensitivity?
3. What are angle gauges? Explain their use in brief.
4. What is sine bar? How will you use sine bar to measure angle of component?
5. What are the factors affecting accuracy of a sine bar?
6. "Why it is not preferred to use sine bar for measuring angles greater than
45°?" Justify the statement.
7. Explain the procedure of measurement of angle of a taper plug gauge with
the help of a sine bar.
8. What is clinometer? Explain its use with suitable figure.
9. Enlist the instruments used for angular measurements.