National Textile University

Name: Asad iqbal

Reg No: 23-NTU-TE-0034

Semester: 2nd

Department: Weaving-B

Date of
04-03-2024
Submission:

Submit To: Doctor Faizan

 Table of Content
POLYMERS......................................................................3
1.2 In Textile:................................................................3
1.3 Polymerization:.......................................................4
Polymer Replacing Conventional materials......................4
2.1 Lightweight:............................................................5
2.2 Cost-Effectiveness:.................................................5
2.3 Versatility:...............................................................6
2.4 Corrosion Resistance:.............................................6
2.5 Chemical Resistance:..............................................6
2.6 Insulation Properties:..............................................6
2.7 Design Flexibility:...................................................7
Applications of Polymers..................................................7
3.1 In Textile:................................................................8
3.1.1Fiber Production:...............................................8
3.1.2Blending and Coating:.......................................9
3.1.3 Nonwoven Fabrics:...........................................9
3.1.4 Elastomers and Stretch Fabrics:.....................10
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 3.1.5 Smart Textiles:................................................11
3.1.6 Dyeing and Finishing:....................................11
3.2 Packaging:.............................................................12
3.3 Construction:.........................................................12
3.4 Automotive:..........................................................12
3.5 Medical Devices:...................................................13
3.6 Agriculture:...........................................................13
3.7 Electronics:............................................................13
3.8 Adhesives and Sealants:........................................14
Conclusion.......................................................................14

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 Polymer in Textile

POLYMERS

 Introduction:
Any member of the class of natural or artificial materials
known as polymers is made up of macromolecules, which
are big molecules made up of multiples of simpler
chemical units known as monomers. Numerous minerals
and artificial materials are composed of polymers, which
also comprise a sizable portion of the components found
in living things.
1.2 In Textile:
Natural or synthetic polymeric fibers are the
building blocks of textile fabrics. Textiles' distinct
qualities are a result of the flexibility of polymeric
materials and their capacity to form into fibers with
a variety of sizes and geometries.
 Polymer in Textile

1.3 Polymerization:
Polymerization is the process to create polymers. These
polymers are then processed to make various kinds of
plastic products. During polymerization, smaller
molecules, called monomers or building blocks, are
chemically combined to create larger molecules.

Fig 01: a (Polymerization), b (Functional Groups)

 Polymer in Textile

Polymer Replacing Conventional materials

Why conventional materials are replaced with polymers.

This is because polymers are less expensive to create and
lighter, making them easier to carry. They offer a
multitude of uses that metal cannot match, are non-
corrosive, and are environmentally beneficial. In the
future, polymers might potentially take the place of
conventional building materials like steel. They are used
in many applications due to following reasons:

2.1 Lightweight:
Polymers are lighter than metals and other conventional
materials. This characteristic is particularly advantageous
in industries where weight reduction is critical, such as
automotive and aerospace, leading to increased fuel
efficiency and improved performance.
 Polymer in Textile

2.2 Cost-Effectiveness:
Compared to more conventional materials like metals or
ceramics, the manufacture of polymers is frequently more
economical. Polymers also often require less processing
and Moulding, which lowers the cost.
2.3 Versatility:
Numerous characteristics, including flexibility, strength,
transparency, and electrical conductivity, can be designed
into polymers. They are excellent for use in textiles
because of these qualities.
2.4 Corrosion Resistance:
Polymers are perfect for use in industries. Because
polymers are naturally resistant to corrosion, unlike
metals, they can be used in harsh environments.

2.5 Chemical Resistance:

Polymers are perfect for use in industries like chemical
processing, where resistance to corrosive substances is
essential, because they can be made to withstand exposure
to a broad variety of chemicals.
 Polymer in Textile

2.6 Insulation Properties:

Polymers frequently have good thermal and electrical
insulation qualities. They can therefore be used in wiring,
electrical components, and other applications where
thermal insulation is necessary.

2.7 Design Flexibility:

Polymers are easily molded into complicated shapes,
which makes elaborate designs and novel product forms
possible. This design flexibility is especially useful for the
consumer products and automotive industries.
 Polymer in Textile

Applications of Polymers

3.1 In Textile:
Polymers play a crucial role in the textile industry,
providing countless benefits and enhancing the
performance of textile materials. Here are some key
applications of polymers in the textile industry:

3.1.1Fiber Production:
 Polyester: A popular material for making synthetic
fibers, polyester has good strength, resilience to
wrinkling, and chemical resistance. It is frequently
utilized in industrial applications, home textiles, and
clothing.
 Rayon: rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose
fiber. It is a semisynthetic polymer. It is used in
making blankets, sheets and for clothing purposes.
 Polymer in Textile

Fig 02: Polyester

3.1.2Blending and Coating:

 Coating; Textiles can benefit from polymer coatings
to increase their durability, flame resistance, and
water repellency. Technical and outdoor textiles
frequently have this feature
 Blending: Polymers are frequently used with natural
fibers, like as wool or cotton, to improve qualities
like elasticity and strength.
3.1.3 Nonwoven Fabrics:
 Polymers Nonwoven fabrics are made with polymers
using techniques like spun bonding and melt
blowing. Disposable items, medical textiles, and
hygiene products are among the products that use
these fabrics.
 Polymer in Textile

Fig 03: Non-Woven Polymer

3.1.4 Elastomers and Stretch Fabrics:

 Polymers with elastomeric properties, such as
spandex and elastin, are used to create stretch fabrics.
These materials are essential in sportswear,
undergarments, and other clothing requiring
flexibility.
 Polymer in Textile

Fig 04: Elastomer Polymer

3.1.5 Smart Textiles:

 Smart fabrics include polymers to offer features
including antibacterial activity, temperature control,
and moisture wicking. Electronic textiles, or "e-
textiles," can be made with conductive polymers for
wearable technology applications.
3.1.6 Dyeing and Finishing:
 Textiles can be dyed and finished using polymers to
improve their feel, color fastness, and durability.
 Polymer in Textile

They can also contribute to the development of

sustainable dyeing met

3.2 Packaging:
 Plastic bags, films, and containers are common
packaging materials that use polyethylene,
polypropylene, and other polymers because of their
barrier qualities, durability, and light weight.

3.3 Construction:
 Polymers are widely used in construction. Because of
their longevity and resilience to weather, polymers—
such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and different
composite materials—are utilized in the production
of pipelines, insulation, roofing materials, adhesives,
and sealants.
 Polymer in Textile

3.4 Automotive:
 Because polymers are lightweight and impact
resistant, they are widely utilized in the car industry
to make bumpers, interior panels, dashboards, Tyres,
and other under-the-hood components. Polymers are
also used in exterior application to reduce weight.
They also make automotive very comfort.

3.5 Medical Devices:

 Medical-grade polymers, such as polyethylene,
polypropylene, and various biocompatible polymers,
are used in the production of medical devices,
implants, and packaging for pharmaceutical products.

3.6 Agriculture:
 Polymers find application in agriculture as mulch
films, irrigation pipes, and greenhouse films. These
products aid in increasing pest control, agricultural
output, and water efficiency.
 Polymer in Textile

3.7 Electronics:
 Polymers find application in electronics as
components, insulation, and packaging. For instance,
electrical housings typically employ polycarbonate,
although wire insulation frequently uses polyethylene
and polypropylene. So, polymer is widely used in
electrical industries.

3.8 Adhesives and Sealants:

 Because of their ability to adhere and seal, polymer-
based adhesives and sealants are widely used in the
building, automotive, and other production industries.
So, they are very importantance in textile Industries.

Conclusion
To sum up, the textile industry's widespread adoption of
polymers in place of traditional materials represents a
significant advancement in both technology and
sustainability. This shift has improved the performance,
functionality, and durability of textiles. Additionally, the
environmentally friendly nature of many polymers aligns
with global sustainability goals, addressing environmental
 Polymer in Textile

concerns. The integration of smart polymers also opens

up new applications. Overall, this transition demonstrates
a commitment to a more technologically advanced and
sustainable future in the textile industry.

Reference:

https://www.wikipedia.com/
https://www.linkedin.com/
https://www.researchgate.net/