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The second article charges that the President categorically obstructed the Congressional impeachment
inquiry into his conduct. There is no power in the Constitution that a President can exercise immune
from legal consequence. So you went to the subject of the complaint for advice first about whether
you should provide the complaint to Congress. Pompeo, Department of State (Sept. 27, 2019) (online
at ). Performance of Jeorge Estregan as Aguinaldo is good but not great. Next time, we may not be
so fortunate, and a President may perpetrate abuses that remain unknown or unprovable. The
whistleblower reportedly acknowledged a professional relationship with Vice President Joe Biden,
which, if true, suggests a bias toward Vice President Biden and against President Trump. These are
matters which, under the Constitution, the House has the sole power to determine. 27. That is true
even of powers vested exclusively in the chief executive. Blair, John A. Eisenberg, Michael Ellis,
Preston Wells Griffith, Russell T. And it was not just the United States; it was all of our allies. 939.
As part of this investigation, the Committee has sought to compel testimony by former White House
Counsel Donald F. Engel, Chairman, H. Comm. on Foreign Affairs, and Elijah E. This risk was
openly acknowledged in years past by the very Democrats who are leading the single party
impeachment charade today. Sort of reminds me of Ron Livingston’s portrayal of th. Maloney,
House Committee on Oversight and Reform, and Chairman Eliot L. After the Americans trick
Aguinaldo that they will help the Philippines to get their freedom against Spanish colony, but instead
the Americans used Emilio Aguinaldo name for their own agenda, but Aguinaldo do his best to fight
and to get our freedom. And when I asked him why, he said that it was clear that the former mayor
had influence on the President in terms of the way the President though of Ukraine. Informed by a
review of contemporaneous notes that he took during his phone call, Ambassador Taylor testified.
Upload Read for free FAQ and support Language (EN) Sign in Skip carousel Carousel Previous
Carousel Next What is Scribd. The Ukrainians were clearly eager for the meeting to happen. The
President did so despite the longstanding bipartisan support of Congress, uniform support across
federal departments and agencies for the provision to Ukraine of the military assistance, and his
obligations under the Impoundment Control Act. She was a courageous woman, who wanted to
make Ukraine a better place. Cipollone sent a letter on October 8, 2019 to Speaker Pelosi and
Chairmen Adam B. Consistent with that purpose, it was not confined to accusations of criminal
wrongdoing. Engel, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Chairman Adam B. In fact, one
Republican witness said, I do not think invoking executive privilege even if frivolously, and I believe
it was frivolous in these circumstances, that that does not constitute an impeachable offense. 655.
This conversation was long, friendly, and it touched on a lot of questions, including those requiring
serious answers. 46. Cummings, House Committee on Oversight and Reform, to Vice President
Michael Pence, Office of the Vice President (Oct. 4, 2019) (online at ). The President tweeted
language he attributed to radio host Rush Limbaugh.
Letter from Vice Chairman Patrick Leahy, Senate Committee on Appropriations, and Chairwoman
Nita M. Engel, Chairman, H. Comm. on Foreign Affairs, and Elijah E. It was started when the
committee of Katipunan decided to have an election of who would be their President and leaders
under the gabinet of the President. The very premise of the Constitution is that the American people
govern themselves, and choose their leaders, through free and fair elections. In 1846, for example,
President James Polk stated in a message to the House. Such offenses are defined mainly by abuse of
power, betrayal of the national interest through foreign entanglements, and corruption of office and
elections. As such, there is no basis to suspect President Trump's administration would allow the
same election year abuses seen in 2016- which included the wiretapping of then-candidate Trump's
campaign worker. 54. President Trump has said publicly and repeatedly that he exerted no pressure.
In parallel, evidence emerged that the President may have attempted to cover up his actions and
prevent the transmission of information to which HPSCI was entitled by law. 8 Given the gravity of
these allegations and the immediacy of the threat to the next Presidential election, Speaker Nancy P.
Cummings, Chairman, H. Comm. on Oversight and Reform, Adam B. Among many other wrongful
acts, President Nixon dangled pardons to influence key witnesses, told a senior aide to have the CIA
stop an FBI investigation into Watergate, meddled with Justice Department immunity decisions, and
conveyed secret law enforcement information to suspects. He made it sound like President Trump
directly asked President Zelensky for an investigation of his political opponent. The privileges
afforded under H. Res. 660 are even greater than those provided to Presidents Nixon and Clinton.
Reeker, Secretary Perry, Ambassador Sondland, and State Department Counselor T. Schiff, House
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and Acting Chairwoman Carolyn B. However, Mr.
Brechbuhl has received a letter of instruction from the State Department, directing that he not
appear. Over time, impeachment helped Parliament shift power away from royal absolutism and
encouraged more politically accountable administration. Engel, Chairman, H. Comm. on Foreign
Affairs, to Jerrold Nadler, Chairman, H. Comm. on the Judiciary (Dec. 6, 2019). The second
question that I recall was related to international contributions. Cummings, House Committee on
Oversight and Reform, Chairman Eliot L. Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on
Intelligence, and Chairman Elijah E. While watching the movie, I thought they would not even
mention Dr. Cooper, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Russia, Ukraine, Eurasia,
Department of Defense (Nov. 20, 2019); House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence,
Subpoena to Laura K. More than a dozen current and former officials followed her courageous
example by testifying at depositions and public hearings over the course of the last two months.
Over the course of these meetings, it became evident that. Wolosky, Counsel to Dr. Fiona Hill,
Former Deputy Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Europe and Russian Affairs,
National Security Council (Oct. 14, 2019). Impeachment Inquiry: LTC Alexander Vindman and Ms.
Jennifer Williams, supra note 6. I will ask him to call you along with the Attorney General. Under this
approach, the impeachments of President Clinton, President Nixon, and President Andrew Johnson
would not have been permitted. 81. Engel, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, and Chairman
Elijah E.
Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (Nov. 11, 2019). Gerhardt in response to
question by Special Counsel Norman L. Eisen); id. (testimony by Professor Pamela S. Sondland,
Department of State, Impeachment, 116th Cong. (Nov. 20, 2019). To protect democracy and
safeguard national security, the Committee on the Judiciary has no choice but to recommend that
President Trump be impeached. He became the president of Iran for the first time in 1997 (Moin
194). Ulrich Brechbuhl, Counselor, Department of State (Nov. 5, 2019); Email from Committee Staff
to Ronald J. He has asserted and exercised the prerogative to urge foreign nations to investigate
citizens who dare to challenge him politically. 741. The movie was fascinating as it aroused a lot of
questions in my head and it made me realized something. Finally, they involve conduct that
reasonable officials would consider to be wrong in our democracy. Nonetheless, Ms. Croft has been
served with a valid subpoena, and so she is obliged to be here today. 336. The principle of a plainly
wrong act is not about academic technicalities; it simply focuses impeachment on conduct that any
person of honor would recognize as wrong under the Constitution. In each of those three previous
impeachments, evidence clearly established that specific criminal acts were committed. Indeed, it is
falls within the heartland of the concerns raised at the Constitutional Convention as necessitating
Presidential impeachment. He has also betrayed the Nation by abusing his high office to enlist a
foreign power in corrupting democratic elections. Rather, it was a dramatic crescendo within a
months-long campaign driven by President Trump in which senior U.S. officials, including the Vice
President, the Secretary of State, the Acting Chief of Staff, the Secretary of Energy, and others were
either knowledgeable of or active participants in an effort to extract from a foreign nation the
personal political benefits sought by the President. Schiff, Chairman, H. Perm. Select Comm. on
Intelligence, Eliot L. Robbins, Counsel to Ambassador Marie Yovanovitch, Former U.S. Ambassador
to Ukraine, Department of State (Oct. 10, 2019). The evidence shows that President Trump
leveraged his office to solicit and pressure Ukraine for a personal favor. Maloney, House Committee
on Oversight and Reform (Nov. 5, 2019). Despite requests from Ambassador Yovanovitch and other
senior State Department officials, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo refused to issue a statement of
support for the Ambassador or the U.S. Embassy in Ukraine for fear of being undermined by a tweet
by President Trump. But when I went through the constitutional policies of United States of
America, I could see some lame constitutions which need to be either rectified or replaced. Engel,
Chairman, H. Comm. on Foreign Affairs, to Jerrold Nadler, Chairman, H. Comm. on the Judiciary
(Dec. 6, 2019). Cipollone, Counsel to the President, The White House, to House Speaker Nancy
Pelosi, Chairman Adam B. When you read the call transcript of July 25th, the call record, which you
must have done just a couple weeks ago, did it crystalize in your head in any way a better
understanding of what was transpiring while you were there. His Administration cut anti-corruption
programs in Ukraine during the relevant period. 582 And he ignored, defied, and confounded every
office and agency within the Executive Branch seeking to promote anti-corruption programs, while
demanding that Ukraine investigate his own domestic political rival. By then, the Framers had
created the Electoral College. If partisan passions are not restrained, the House of Representatives
will be thrown into an endless cycle of impeachment, foregoing its duty to legislate and usurping the
place of the American people in electing their president. The second question that I recall was related
to international contributions. It goes without saying, however, that the record might be more
expansive if the House had full access to the documents and testimony it has lawfully subpoenaed
from government officials. Robbins, Counsel to Ambassador Marie Yovanovitch, Former U.S.
Ambassador to Ukraine, Department of State, to Brian Bulatao, Under Secretary of State for
Management, Department of State (Oct. 11, 2019) (citations omitted).
The record put forth by the Majority is based on inferences built upon presumptions and hearsay.
Was Contingent on Ukraine Publicly Announcing the Investigations. We intend to initiate and
complete a transparent and unbiased investigation of all available facts and episodes including those
involving Burisma and the 2016 US elections, which in turn will prevent the recurrence of this
problem in the future. 801. When disputes between the legislative and executive branches cannot be
resolved, the two can appeal to the courts to rule. His conduct continues to jeopardize our national
security and the integrity of our elections, presenting great urgency for the House to act. But
Chairman Schiff and Chairman Nadler publicly stated that turning to the courts would take too long.
To date, Mr. Blair has not changed his position or contacted the Committees about compliance with
the subpoena. Mr. Giuliani also expressed those requests directly to us. It had been edited to include
reference to Burisma and the 2016 elections. Consider three lawsuits filed by House Committees
over the past two decades seeking to enforce subpoenas against senior Executive Branch officials.
Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Chairman Eliot L. The summary reflects
laughter, pleasantries, and cordiality. In turn, President Zelensky assured President Trump that he
would pursue the investigation and reiterated his interest in the White House meeting. In fact,
several Democrats asked what changed between 2017, 2018, and 2019. The House Judiciary
Committee therefore included it within an article of impeachment charging him with obstruction of
justice. President Zelensky and President Trump have both said there was no pressure, the initial
read-out from the State Department and the Ukrainian government reflected no concerns, and the
NSC leadership saw no illegality or impropriety with the call. They knew that freedom demands
constant protection from leaders whose taste of power sparks a voracious need for more. His
disagreement with how the House has organized its hearings and carried out its investigations offers
no excuse for breaking the law and directing others to do so. And my concern was that there was the
possibility of a perception of a conflict of interest. 515. A Summary of European Military and
Development Assistance to Ukraine Since 2014 (Sept. 26, 2019). These same procedures were
supported by Acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney when he served as a Member of
the Oversight Committee and by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo when he served as a Member of
the Benghazi Select Committee. Ulrich Brechbuhl, Counselor, Department of State (Oct. 8, 2019).
Another thing is where Aguinaldo cut a small portion of skin on his arm and use his blood as an ink
to sign a paper confirming his membership to the katipunan, in history I was taught that their would
make that small cut in their arm but near their wrist and not on the other side of their arm just like
what was done in the movie. Maloney, House Committee on Oversight and Reform, and from
Chairman Eliot L. Unelected officials and career bureaucrats assist in the execution of the laws. He
said that President Trump wanted President Zelensky in a public box, by making a public statement
about ordering such investigations. 912. Assistant to the President Robert Blair, a senior aide to
Acting Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney, was also present, along with an NSC press officer. 578
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo listened from a different location, as did Dr. Charles M.
Kupperman, the Deputy National Security Advisor. 579. Mr. Lutsenko had served as the chief
prosecutor in Ukraine under the then-incumbent president who lost to Volodymyr Zelensky in April
2019. The casting is spot on, the production design a marvel to behold, and the cinematography, a
pleasure to watch. These sources demonstrate that the Framers principally intended impeachment for
three overlapping forms of Presidential wrongdoing: (1) abuse of power, (2) betrayal of the nation
through foreign entanglements, and (3) corruption of office and elections.
Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Chairman Eliot L. This is the first
presidential impeachment in American history without the allegation of a crime, let alone a high
crime or high misdemeanor. The Committee subsequently confirmed, many times, that it was
engaged in an impeachment investigation. During the first several weeks, the Speaker asserted that a
vote authorizing the inquiry was unnecessary. 642 This process allowed Chairman Schiff to conduct
his partisan inquiry behind closed doors with only a limited group of Members present. It is an
affront to the mechanism for curbing abuses of power that the Framers carefully crafted for our
protection, and, thereby, recalcitrant witnesses actually undermine the broader interests of the People
of the United States. 14. Unlike a monarch, whose every word is law, the President of the United
States answers to the Constitution and the American people. We’re in touch with Google and they’re
working on a solution. But there also comes a point when the evidence is powerful enough, and the
danger of delay is great enough, that inaction is irresponsible. Schiff, House Permanent Select
Committee on Intelligence, and Chairman Elijah E. Ukraine is a key strategic partner of the United
States. As Ambassador Volker testified during his public hearing, it is possible for more than one
country to influence U.S. elections. 530. It would therefore be strange if the Framers restricted
impeachment to criminal offenses, while denying Congress the ability to criminalize many forms of
Presidential wrongdoing that they repeatedly described as requiring impeachment. In the 243-year
history of our nation, only two previous presidents (Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Bill Clinton in
1998) have been impeached by the House. At the same time, I have been instructed by my employer,
the U.S. Department of State, not to appear. The President did so despite the longstanding bipartisan
support of Congress, uniform support across federal departments and agencies for the provision to
Ukraine of the military assistance, and his obligations under the Impoundment Control Act. While
these countries have been increasing their contributions since I took office, they must do much more.
It is also free to rely on other relevant, reliable evidence that illuminates the ultimate factual issues.
Engel, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Chairman Adam B. Cummings, House Committee on
Oversight and Reform, to Laura K. Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (Nov.
4, 2019). That principle applies to the current President just as it applied to his predecessors.
President Trump also attempted to muzzle witnesses, threatening to damage their careers if they
agreed to testify, and even attacked one witness during her live testimony before Congress. I think,
once it became clear that there was some sort of discord amongst the government officials in the
room, Ambassador Sondland asked them to step out of the room. Cummings, House Committee on
Oversight and Reform (Oct. 2, 2019); Kurt Volker Document Production, Bates KV00000001 -
KV00000065 (Oct. 2, 2019). Cipollone sent a letter to senior House officials on October 8, 2019,
confirming that President Trump had directed his entire Administration to defy the impeachment
inquiry. The White House, Statement by the President, Executive Privilege (Mar. 12, 1973). Engel,
House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Chairman Adam B. Cummings, House Committee on
Oversight and Reform, to Secretary Mark Esper, Department of Defense (Oct. 7, 2019) (online at ).
More than a dozen current and former officials followed her courageous example by testifying at
depositions and public hearings over the course of the last two months. Cummings to Members of
the House Committee on Oversight and Reform, Notice of Intent to Issue Subpoenas (Oct. 2, 2019)
(online at ).
Consistent with that commonsense principle, the House has informed the administration that
defiance of subpoenas at the direction or behest of the President or the White House could justify an
adverse inference against the President. That is true even of powers vested exclusively in the chief
executive. After months of suffering and nearly a dozen surgeries, she died at the age of 33. 2 Her
attackers have still not been held to account. 3. If partisan passions are not restrained, the House of
Representatives will be thrown into an endless cycle of impeachment, foregoing its duty to legislate
and usurping the place of the American people in electing their president. Morgan, Counsel to the
Vice President, Office of the Vice President, to Chairman Elijah E. You know what we used to do in
the old days when we were smart with spies and treason, right. To the extent Mayor Giuliani was
involved, he was in communication with these officials and the Ukrainians did not see him as
speaking on behalf of the President. Schiff, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and
Acting Chairwoman Carolyn B. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, March 2018-January.
Rather, committees of the House gathered evidence themselves. They have: ignored or blocked
exculpatory evidence; intimidated witnesses; restricted Republican review of evidence; denied a
Minority hearing; and violated proper Minority notice and fairness at all stages. Schiff, House
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Acting Chairwoman Carolyn B. You know why?
Because they want to do the right thing. 1040. Select Comm. on Intelligence, 116th Cong. (Jan. 29,
2019) (testimony by Director Daniel R. As with the resolution governing the Nixon impeachment
inquiry, H. Res. 581 specified that this authority could be exercised by the Chairman or Ranking
Member, with each having the right to refer disagreements to the full Committee. 101. And so, it
may have been all the more surprising to the public to see very disparate reactions to the testimony
by the Members of Congress from each party. Engel, House Committee on Foreign Affairs,
Chairman Adam B. He feared that Presidents would win election by improperly influencing members
of the Electoral College ( e.g., by offering them bribes). They also intended our Constitution to
endure for the ages. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach, and data was collected
using google form to be analyzed later with percentage tabulation. President Zelensky did reiterate
his commitment to reform and fighting corruption in Ukraine, and President Trump did reiterate his
invitation to President Zelensky to come visit him in the White House. Schiff, House Permanent
Select Committee on Intelligence, Chairman Eliot L. On the Constitution of the H. Comm. on the
Judiciary, 105th Cong. 49 (1999) (statement of Michael J. Gerhardt). Karlan, Kenneth and Harle
Montgomery Professor of Public Interest Law and Co-Director, Supreme Court Litigation Clinic at
Stanford Law School; Michael Gerhardt, Burton Craige Distinguished Professor of Jurisprudence at
the University of North Carolina School of Law; and Jonathan Turley, J.B. and Maurice C. Shapiro
Professor of Public Interest Law at the George Washington University Law School. Vice President
Pence met with President Zelensky instead. Between April 1 and April 7, Mr. Parnas exchanged
approximately 16 calls with Mr. Giuliani (longest duration approximately seven minutes) and
approximately 10 calls with Mr. Solomon (longest duration approximately nine minutes). 69. Trump:
Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment Before the H. Comm. on the Judiciary, 116th
Cong. (Dec. 4, 2019) (written testimony of Professor Pamela S. Karlan). If it does have executive
privilege, it is the White House that determines that. For several months, there were attempts to
arrange a meeting between President Trump and President Zelensky. Indeed, Ambassador Sondland
has not had access to all of the State Department records that would help him refresh his recollection
in anticipation of this testimony. 307.