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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide whether the given number is a solution to the equation preceding it.
1) p + 13 = 22; 9 1)
A) Yes B) No
2) p - 1 = 5; 6 2)
A) Yes B) No
3) 3m + 2 = 28; 8 3)
A) No B) Yes
4) 4y + 3(y - 4) = 37; 7 4)
A) No B) Yes
5) 8p + 4p - 4 = 32; 3 5)
A) No B) Yes
2
6) (x - 5) = 36; -11 6)
A) No B) Yes
4
7) 3x + 5 = 3; 3 7)
A) Yes B) No
9) What will it cost to buy ceiling molding to go around a rectangular room with length 20 ft and 9)
width 9 ft? The molding costs $1.67 per linear foot.
A) $48.43 B) $30.06 C) $66.80 D) $96.86
10) A pest control company sprays insecticide around the perimeter of a 460 ft by 280 ft building. If the 10)
spray costs $0.14 per linear foot to be sprayed, how much did the job cost to the nearest dollar?
A) $104 B) $1503 C) $207 D) $18,032
11) A one-story building is 120 ft by 420 ft. If a square patio with sides 30 ft occupies the center of the 11)
building, how much area remains for offices?
2 2 2 2
A) 960 ft B) 1080 ft C) 1050 ft D) 49,500 ft
12) How much will it cost to carpet a 18 ft by 25 ft room if carpeting costs $14.50 per square yard? 12)
Round the answer to the nearest cent.
A) $2175.00 B) $6525.00 C) $543.75 D) $725.00
13) A room measures 13 ft by 21 ft. The ceiling is 11 ft above the floor. The door is 3 ft by 7 ft. A gallon 13)
2
of paint will cover 82.3 ft . How many gallons of paint are needed to paint the room (including the
ceiling and not including the door)? Round your answer up to the next whole number.
A) 9 gallons B) 13 gallons C) 4 gallons D) 22 gallons
14) A wicker basket has a circular rim with a diameter of 7 in. How many inches of ribbon are needed 14)
to go once around the rim? Use 3.14 for π. Round the answer to the nearest hundredth if
necessary.
A) 21.98 in. B) 49 in. C) 43.96 in. D) 19.98 in.
15) A cylindrical jelly jar is 3 in. across the top and about 9 in. high. How many cubic inches of jelly 15)
could it hold? Use 3.14 for π. Round the answer to the nearest tenth if necessary.
3 3 3 3
A) 169.6 in. B) 127.2 in. C) 254.3 in. D) 63.6 in.
16) The foundation for a cylindrical flower bed is a cylinder 19 m in diameter and 4 m high. How 16)
many cubic m of concrete are needed to build the foundation? Use 3.14 for π. Round the answer to
the nearest tenth if necessary.
3 3 3 3
A) 1133.5 m B) 477.3 m C) 2267.1 m D) 4534.2 m
17) A sphere has a 8 m diameter. What is its volume? Use 3.14 for π. Round the answer to the nearest 17)
tenth if necessary.
3 3 3 3
A) 150.7 m B) 2143.6 m C) 67.0 m D) 267.9 m
19) A flight departs at 8:30 A.M. EST and arrives at its destination at 10:10 A.M. CST. If the plane flies 19)
at an average rate of 360.4 mph, what distance does it travel? Round to the nearest whole number
if necessary.
A) 1,321 miles B) 961 miles C) 1,682 miles D) 601 miles
20) A family began a trip of 375 miles at 8 A.M. They arrived at their final destination at 4:30 P.M. If 20)
they took three 20-minute breaks and took a half hour for lunch, what was their average rate?
Round to the nearest tenth if necessary.
A) 68.2 mph B) 57.7 mph C) 62.5 mph D) 53.6 mph
Use the formula relating amperes, ohms, and voltage to solve the problem.
V = ir
21) A technician measures the current in a circuit to be -6.4 amperes and the resistance is 7 ohms. Find 21)
the voltage.
A) -44.8 V B) 1.094 V C) -0.914 V D) 0.6 V
22) A technician measures the current in a circuit to be 6.3 amperes and the resistance is 7 ohms. Find 22)
the voltage.
A) 1.111 V B) 44.1 V C) 0.7 V D) 13.3 V
2
Use the formulas below to answer the question. Round your answer to the nearest tenth if necessary.
C = 5 (F - 32) or C = F -32
9 1.8
9
F = C + 32 or F = 1.8C + 32.
5
23) The average temperature on a planet in a solar system is 104°F. What is this temperature in 23)
degrees Celsius?
A) 219.2°C B) 25.8°C C) 40°C D) 56°C
24) When the temperature is 90°F, what is the temperature in degrees Celsius? 24)
A) 130.0°C B) 194.0°C C) 32.2°C D) 18.0°C
25) When the temperature is below 30°F the first grade students are not allowed to play outside. What 25)
is this temperature in degrees Celsius?
A) 15.3°C B) 22.0°C C) 86.0°C D) -1.1°C
26) When the temperature is 35°C, what is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? 26)
A) 95°F B) 69.4°F C) 51.3°F D) 120.6°F
27) A chemical must be stored at 34°C. What is this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? 27)
A) 2.5°F B) 50.9°F C) 118.8°F D) 93.2°F
29) 5x + 6 = x - 2 29)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
30) 7x + 8y = 9 30)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
31) y = 7x + 2 31)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
2
32) 3x + x = 3 32)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
2
33) y = 2x + 4 33)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
34) x = -8 34)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
2 2
35) x + y = -4 35)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
3
36) 2y = 8 36)
A) Linear B) Not Linear
Solve.
38) x + 6 = 7 38)
A) -13 B) -1 C) 13 D) 1
39) a - 7 = -4 39)
A) -11 B) -3 C) 3 D) 11
14 12
43) x - 25 = - 25 43)
2 26 26 2
A) - 25 B) - 25 C) 25 D) 25
2 1
44) m - 9 = 3 44)
1 2 5
A) 1 B) C) D)
9 9 9
5 2
45) t + 12 = 3 45)
1 13 7
A) 3 B) 4 C) 12 D) 12
1
46) + x = 11 46)
4
5 43 45
A) 43 B) 2 C) 4 D) 4
47) 9x - 8x = 11 47)
A) 11 B) 0 C) - 1 D) -11
11
4
48)4x + 12 - 3x = 0 48)
A) -0.75 B) 12 C) -1.333 D) -12
49)5p - 16 = 4p - 8 49)
A) -5 B) 8 C) 7 D) 9
50)3z + 8 = 2z + 6 50)
A) 2 B) 14 C) -2 D) -14
51)10y = 7y + 4 + 2y 51)
A) 40 B) -40 C) -4 D) 4
53)-6a + 2 + 7a = 12 - 26 53)
A) 16 B) 40 C) -16 D) -40
4 10 4 1 4
55) x + = - x+ 55)
5 3 9 5 9
26 38 38 22
A) - 9 B) - 9 C) 9 D) - 9
5
6
Translate into an equation, then solve.
63) Bob is saving to buy a car. The total amount that he needs is $14,000. The amount that he has 63)
saved so far is $6000. How much more does Bob need?
A) 6000 - x = 14,000; Bob needs $8002 more.
B) 6000 + x = 14,000; Bob needs $8000 more.
C) 6000 - x = 14,000; Bob needs $8000 more.
D) 6000 + x = 14,000; Bob needs $8002 more.
64) Betsy has a balance of -$498 on her credit card. What payment should she make to get the balance 64)
to -$203?
A) -203 + x = -498; A payment of $395 must be made.
B) -498 + x = -203; A payment of $295 must be made.
C) -498 + x = -203; A payment of $395 must be made.
D) -203 + x = -498; A payment of $295 must be made.
65) Ken is to receive 690 cc of insulin in three injections. The first injection is to be 175 cc. The second 65)
injection is to be 240 cc. How much insulin must be given for the third injection?
A) 175 - 240 + x = 690; The third injection must be 275 cc .
B) 175 - 240 + x = 690; The third injection must be 755 cc .
C) 175 + 240 + x = 690; The third injection must be 275 cc .
D) 175 + 240 + x = 690; The third injection must be 755 cc .
66) A weatherman reports that since 6:00 am this morning the temperature has dropped by 5° F to the 66)
current temperature of 49° F. What was the temperature at 6:00 am ?
A) x + 5 = 49; The temperature at 6:00am was 54° F.
B) x + 5 = 49; The temperature at 6:00am was 44° F.
C) x - 5 = 49; The temperature at 6:00am was 44° F.
D) x - 5 = 49; The temperature at 6:00am was 54° F.
67) A weatherman reports that since 6:00 am this morning the temperature has dropped by 21° F to 67)
the current temperature of -5° F. What was the temperature at 6:00 am ?
A) x - 21 = -5; The temperature at 6:00am was - 16° F.
B) x + 21 = -5; The temperature at 6:00am was 16° F.
C) x + 21 = -5; The temperature at 6:00am was - 16° F.
D) x - 21 = -5; The temperature at 6:00am was 16° F.
68) Bob works as a salesman. He was told that he will get a bonus if he has $12,110 in sales over a 68)
four-week period. The first week his sales were $2340. The second week his sales were $1820. The
third week his sales were $3185. How much must Bob sell during the final week to get the bonus?
A) 2340 + 1820 + 3185x = 12,110; Bob must have sales of $4485.
B) 2340 + 1820 + 3185 + x = 12,110; Bob must have sales of $4765.
C) 2340 + 1820 + 3185 - x = - 12,110; Bob must have sales of $4765.
D) 2340 + 1820 + 3185 = x + 12,110; Bob must have sales of $4885.
7
69) Elissa is using fencing to build three dog kennels as shown in the drawing. 69)
a=8 b =26 c = 50
70) The perimeter of the triangle is 198 inches. Find the missing length. 70)
a = 38
A) 77 + x = 198; 121 inches B) 38 + 77 + 198 = x; 313 inches
C) 38 + 77 + x = 236; 121 inches D) 38 + 77 + x = 198; 83 inches
Solve.
71)-2a = 14 71)
A) 16 B) -7 C) -16 D) 1
7
74) x = 21 74)
8
147 161 175
A) 8 B) 8 C) 8 D) 24
1
75)- 22 a = 0 75)
A) 1 B) 22 C) -22 D) 0
8
1 3
76) - 2 s = - 4 76)
3 2 3
A) 2 B) 6 C) 3 D) - 2
78) 5n - 7 = 8 78)
A) 3 B) 8 C) 10 D) 14
79) 62 = 9x - 10 79)
A) 67 B) 8 C) 63 D) 16
3 3
83) 7 - 9x = 6x - 4x - 70 83)
70
A) 10 B) 11 C) 9 D) 7
10
89) -28 - (3y + 2) = 3(y + 2) + 3y 89)
1 28
A) - 4 B) -4 C)-12 D) - 9
Use the multiplication principle of equality to eliminate the fractions or decimals; then solve.
93) 4x + 4 = 1 93)
3 5
59 3 57 1
A) - 20 B) 4 C) - 20 D) 10
3 8 7
94) 2x + 5 = 5 x 94)
A) -30 B) 16 C) 30 D) -16
95) 1x + 6 = 1 x + 8 95)
5 5 7 7
A) 1 B) 2 C) -2 D) -1
3 7 1 3
96) x- = + x 96)
4 10 4 5
19 19
A) 3 B) 4 C) 12 D)-3
1 6
97) (y + 2) = -y 97)
5 5
2
A) 3 B) 2 C)-2 D)-1
11
99) -3.3q = -23.1 - 1.2q 99)
A) 7.4 B) 7.0 C) -25 D) 11
12
100) 1.1x + 3.1 = 0.4x - 1.31 100)
A) 0.159 B) -6.3 C) -6.29 D) -6.237
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
line 4 10 = 2x - 3
line 5 +3= +3
line 6 13 = 2x
13 2x
line 7 =
2 2
13
line 8 =x
2
line 4 8 - x = 9x - 15
+x +x
line 5 8 = 10x - 15
line 6 8 = 10x - 15
+15 + 15
line 7 23 = 10x
line 8 23 = 10x
10 10
23
line 9 =x
10
13
7
107) Check: 6x - 5 = 3x + 2 for x = 107)
3
line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
110) The Smith family is planning a 539-mile trip. If they travel at an average speed of 49 miles per 110)
hour, what will be their travel time? (Use d = rt)
A) 13 hr. B) 11 hr. C) 12 hr. D) 10 hr.
2
111) The surface area of a cardboard box is 6334 in. . If the length is 37 in. and the width is 26 in., find 111)
the height. (Use SA = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh)
A) 34 in. B) 35 in. C) 37 in. D) 36 in.
112) The perimeter of a rectangular garden is to be 42 ft. Find the length if the width is 5 ft. (Use P = 2l 112)
+ 2w)
A) 13 ft. B) 15 ft. C) 14 ft. D) 16 ft.
113) The formula C = 28d + 20 describes the total cost of renting a truck, where C is the total cost and d 113)
is the number of days the truck is rented. How many days can the truck be rented for $412?
A) 14 days B) 12 days C) 24 days D) 15 days
114) A circle has a circumference of 44π m. Find the radius of the circle. (Use C = 2πr.) 114)
A) 11 m B) 44 m C) 7 m D) 22 m
14
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similar places. The two latter occur in chains formed by fission; but
the sexual individuals (which are of distinct sexes, contrary to the
usual hermaphrodite condition of Flat Worms) only appear at stated
times and are not well known. A large number of genera are purely
marine, and one family, the Proboscidae (distinguished by having the
anterior end invaginated by special muscles and converted into a
sensory organ), is entirely so. The most cursory examination of
littoral weeds reveals species of Macrorhynchus, Acrorhynchus,
Promesostoma, Byrsophlebs, and Proxenetes, the character of
which may be gathered from von Graffs great monograph, or from
Gamble's paper on the "British Marine Turbellaria."[65] Much,
however, still remains to be done before we possess an adequate
idea of the occurrence of this group on our coasts.
Classification of Rhabdocoelida.
ACOELA.
Family. Genus and British species.
Proporidae Proporus venenosus O. Sch. Plymouth.
Monoporus rubropunctatus O. Sch.
Plymouth.
Haplodiscus.
Aphanostomatidae Aphanostoma diversicolor Oe. Common.
A. elegans Jen. Plymouth.
Convoluta saliens Grff. Plymouth,
Millport.
C. paradoxa Oe. (Fig. 19, B). Common.
C. flavibacillum Jen. Plymouth, Port
Erin, Millport.
Amphicoerus.
Polychoerus.
RHABDOCOELA.
Macrostomatidae Mecynostoma.
Macrostoma hystrix Oe. Stagnant water.
Omalostoma.
Microstomatidae Microstoma lineare Oe. Fresh water.
M. groelandicum Lev. Plymouth, among
Ulva.
Stenostoma (Catenula) lemnae Dug.
Near Cork.
S. leucops O. Sch. Common in fresh
water.
Alaurina claparedii Grff. Skye.
Prorhynchidae Prorhynchus stagnalis M. Sch. In
Devonshire rivers.
Promesostoma marmoratum M. Sch.
Common.
P. ovoideum O. Sch., P. agile Lev.
Plymouth. P. solea O. Sch. Plymouth,
Port Erin. P. lenticulatum O. Sch. Port
Erin.
Mesostomatidae Byrsophlebs graffii Jen. Plymouth,
Millport.
B. intermedia Grff. Millport, Port Erin.
Proxenetes flabellifer Jen. Millport,
Plymouth, Port Erin.
P. cochlear Grff. Millport.
Otomesostoma.
Mesostoma productum Leuck., M. lingua
O. Sch., M. ehrenbergii O. Sch., M.
tetragonum O. F. M. (Fig. 19, A). All at
Cambridge.
M. rostratum Ehr. Widely distributed. M.
viridatum M. Sch. Manchester. M.
robertsonii Grff., M. flavidum Grff. Both
at Millport.
Bothromesostoma personatum O. Sch.
Preston.
Castrada.
Proboscidae Pseudorhynchus bifidus M‘Int. Millport,
St. Andrews, Port Erin.
Acrorhynchus caledonicus Clap.
Generally distributed.
Macrorhynchus naegelii Köll., M. croceus
Fabr. Plymouth, Millport.
M. helgolandicus Metsch. West coast.
Gyrator hermaphroditus Ehrbg. St.
Andrews. Also common in fresh water.
Hyporhynchus armatus Jen. Plymouth,
Port Erin.
H. penicillatus O. Sch. Plymouth.
Vorticidae Schultzia. Provortex balticus M. Sch.
Generally distributed.
P. affinis Jen., P. rubrobacillus Gamb.
Plymouth.
Vortex truncatus Ehrbg. Abundant in
fresh water.
V. armiger O. Sch. Millport (fresh water).
V. schmidtii Grff., V. millportianus Grff.
Millport. V. viridis M. Sch. Generally
distributed.
Jensenia.
Opistoma.
Derostoma unipunctatum Oe. Edinburgh.
Graffilla.
Anoplodium.
Fecampia erythrocephala Giard.
Plymouth, Port Erin.
Solenopharyngidae Solenopharynx.
ALLOEOCOELA.
Plagiostomatidae Acmostoma. Plagiostoma dioicum
Metsch., P. elongatum Gamb., P.
pseudomaculatum Gamb., P. sagitta
Ulj., P. caudatum Lev., P.
siphonophorum O. Sch., P.
ochroleucum Grff. All at Plymouth.
P. sulphureum Grff. Port Erin. P. vittatum
F. and Leuck. Millport, Plymouth, Port
Erin. P. koreni Jen. Plymouth, Millport.
P. girardi O. Sch. Plymouth, Port Erin,
Valencia.
Vorticeros auriculatum O. F. M. (Fig. 19,
C). Port Erin, Plymouth.
V. luteum Grff. Plymouth.
Enterostoma austriacum Grff. Plymouth,
Port Erin.
E. fingalianum Clap. Skye, Plymouth. E.
coecum Grff. Millport.
Allostoma pallidum van Ben. Millport.
Cylindrostoma 4-oculatum Leuck. Skye,
Millport, Plymouth.
C. inerme Hall, C. elongatum Lev.
Plymouth.
Monoophorum striatum Grff. Plymouth.
Bothrioplanidae Bothrioplana.
Bothrioplana sp.? Manchester.
Otoplana.
Monotidae Monotus lineatus O. F. M., M. fuscus Oe.
(Fig. 19, D). Both common littoral
forms.
M. albus Lev. Plymouth.
Automolos unipunctatus Oe. Skye, St.
Andrews, Plymouth.
A. horridus Gamb., A. ophiocephalus O.
Sch. Plymouth.
CHAPTER II
TREMATODA
The mouth is invariably present just beneath the anterior end of the
body. It leads into a muscular, pumping pharynx (Fig. 24, ph), and
this into a bifurcated intestine which ends blindly. The two openings
of the excretory system lie on the dorsal surface (as in
Temnocephala), and the excretory canals branch through the
substance of the body, ending usually in "flame-cells." The nervous
system is highly developed, and resembles that of Temnocephala
(Fig. 21) in detail. Upon the brain one or even two pairs of eye-spots
are present in the larvae, and may persist throughout life. Tactile
setae occur in Sphyranura, a parasite of the North American
Amphibian Necturus, but a cellular epidermis is apparently rendered
impossible, perhaps from the nature of the mucus in which the body
is bathed, or to the attempts of the host to free itself from these
parasites; and hence an investing membrane is present, which
morphologically is either a modified epithelium, or a cuticle formed
by the glandular secretion of the parenchyma.
Diplozoon paradoxum lays its eggs on the gills of the Minnow, which
it frequently infests in great numbers. The ovum divides rapidly at the
expense of the yolk-cells, and in a fortnight a larva (.2 mm. long) of
the shape and complexity shown in Fig. 27, B, hatches out, which,
however, succumbs if it does not meet with a Minnow in five or six
hours. Should it survive, a dorsal papilla, a median ventral sucker,
and a second pair of posterior suckers develop. Thus the Diporpa
stage is attained. These Diporpa may acquire a third and even a
fourth pair of suckers, and continue to live three months, but they
only develop and mature their reproductive organs, if each
conjugates with another Diporpa (Fig. 27, C, D), and this only occurs
in a small percentage of instances. Each grasps the dorsal papilla of
the other by its own ventral sucker, thus undergoing a certain
amount of torsion. Where the two bodies touch, complete fusion
occurs, and, as shown in Fig. 28, the united Diporpa (or Diplozoon,
as the product is now called) decussate, each forming one limb of
the X-shaped Diplozoon, within which the two sets of complex
genitalia develop (Fig. 28).