ARDUINO

PREPARED BY: ENGR. AILEEN M. HABARADAS

 YOU WILL LEARN:
● What exactly an Arduino is
● Why it’s so wildly popular
● If Arduino is right for your project
HISTORY OF
ARDUINO
HISTORY OF ARDUINO
⦿ It was in the year 2005 that the first ever Arduino board was born in the
classrooms of the Interactive Design Institute in Ivrea, Italy.
⦿ It was in the Interactive Design Institute that a hardware thesis was
contributed for a wiring design by a Colombian student named Hernando
Barragan. The title of the thesis was “Arduino–La rivoluzione dell’open
hardware” (“Arduino – The Revolution of Open Hardware”).
⦿ A team of five developers worked on this thesis and when the new wiring
platform was complete, they worked to make it much lighter, less expensive,
and available to the open source community.
Arduino was an answer to
how to teach students to
create electronics fast…

Arduino developer team - David Cuartielles, Gianluca Martino,

Tom Igoe, David Mellis, and Massimo Banzi. Photo Courtesy -
Randi Klett/IEEE Spectrum

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BASIC Stamp, a microcontroller developed by Parallax, a California based
company

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BASIC Stamp
⦿ Engineers had been making use of this microcontroller for about a decade.
⦿ The Stamp was coded using the BASIC programming language and looked like a tidy little
circuit board packed with essentials of a power supply, memory, a microcontroller, and
input/output ports to which hardware can be attached.
It has two issues:
1. it did not have sufficient computing power for some of the projects
2. it was pretty expensive

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The first prototype board, made in 2005
WHAT IS AN ARDUINO?
Introduction to the Arduino
⦿ The Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on
easy-to-use hardware and software used to build electronics
projects.
⦿ All Arduino boards have one thing in common which is a
microcontroller. A microcontroller is basically a really small
computer.
⦿ With the Arduino, makers and electricians can easily prototype
their products and make their ideas come to life.
Introduction to the Arduino
⦿ Arduino is a platform for microcontroller devices that makes
embedded programming much easier than traditional methods.
⦿ An Arduino is a tool for controlling electronics.

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Introduction to the Arduino

But what do we mean by electronic stuff?

Two general groups of “electronics stuff”. We’ve got inputs, and
those would be electronic devices that gather information.
We also have outputs, those would be electronic devices that do
things.

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 For inputs, you can
think of all the types of
sensors out there:
temperature sensors,
light sensors, touch
sensors, flex sensors,
humidity sensors,
infrared sensors,
distance sensors, to
name a few.
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 For outputs would be
things like DC motors,
stepper motors, servo
motors, solenoids,
LCD displays, LED
indicator lights,
speakers, and
electrical stuff that
have some type of
action in the world.
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 The Arduino platform is essentially composed of the
following (all of which are open source):

1. C/C++ framework for AVR, ARM, and more (based on Wiring)

2. Device Bootloader
3. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Windows, Mac, and Linux

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IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

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 ARDUINO HARDWARE
⦿ All Arduino boards share one thing in common:
they all have a microcontroller on them. A
microcontroller is basically a really small computer.
TYPE OF ARDUINO BOARDS
 ARDUINO HARDWARE
⦿ A very popular
Arduino board is
called the
Arduino UNO.

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ARDUINO BOARD
 Arduino Power Supply

The Arduino Uno

needs a power source
in order for it to
operate and can be
powered in a variety of
ways.
 Arduino Breadboard

Another very
important item when
working with Arduino
is a solderless
breadboard.
 JUMPER WIRES

the breadboard is not

powered on its own
and needs power
brought to it from the
Arduino board using
jumper wires. These
wires are also used to
form the circuit by
connecting resistors,
switches and other
components together.
 Why are Arduinos Useful?

⦿ They're Easy to Use

⦿ They're Open Source
⦿ They're Cheap