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The viability of KOH-modified biochar in the stabilization of soil Cd(II) and Pb(II) and the
influence of pyrolysis temperature and alkaline concentrations used in biochar modification were
examined in another study. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI). Three of them
are worth discussing in the light of the available knowledge. The review presents an overview of the
knowledge of biochar as a promising amendment for the decontamination of Cd(II)-polluted soils.
The first page of the PDF of this article appears above. As hypothesized above, tourism can trigger
Cd pollution, and Cd pollution can affect tourism activities. One should note, however, that interest
in this research topic has remained low in Western Europe and South America. Cd also forms
precipitates with P, As, Cr, and other anions, although the solubility of these compounds varies
depending on the pH and other chemical factors. Various conventional remediation technologies are
adopted to remove Cd from contaminated soils. Efficiency of the remediation of cadmium (Cd(II))-
contaminated soils by pristine biochar and modified biochar in different studies. Editor’s Choice
articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the
world. According to WHO limited for drinking water, results showed that only the concentration of
Cu and Zn are within the saving values. All articles published by MDPI are made immediately
available worldwide under an open access license. No special. Subscribe to receive issue release
notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals. Mikhailenko, Anna V., Dmitry A. Ruban,
Vladimir A. Ermolaev, and A.J. (Tom) van Loon. Multiple requests from the same IP address are
counted as one view. For remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, biochar in combination with
compost has been commonly used. The method was successfully used in the determination of
cadmium in Several Standard Reference Materials (alloys, steels and water) as well as in some
environmental waters (In land and surface), biological samples (human blood and urine), soil samples
and complex synthetic mixtures. Based on the literature, the most promising mechanism for Cd(II)
removal from soil by biochar appears to be immobilization, but biochar addition is less effective in
field conditions than in laboratory studies. Although the only internationally-reported examples of
these relationships were considered in the present review, their worldwide distribution shed light on
the geographical patterns of these mechanisms. The contribution of tourism to Cd pollution was
found in many countries of the world ( Figure 5 A). The explanations of tourism contribution to Cd
pollution are often restricted to stating various activities like traffic as a source of Cd. Further
research in natural environments, such as farm fields, is needed to gain in-depth insights into Cd(II)
immobilization mechanisms in soil. Rahim, Hafeez Ur, Waqas Ali Akbar, and Juha M. Alatalo.
Therefore, the adverse effects of biochar in the soil system should be addressed in future research.
Determine the water quality of ground water which is used for drinking and agriculture operations in
the study area. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( ). Presumably, hotel spaces and food consumption
in remote places pose risks to tourists. In conclusion, pristine biochar has a limited impact on the
remediation of Cd-contaminated soils due to diverse mechanisms on the surface of biochar, and the
use of modified-biochar, with high surface area and diverse functional groups, is preferred for
remediation purposes. A Comprehensive Literature Review on Cadmium (Cd) Status in the Soil
Environment and Its Immobilization by Biochar-Based Materials. Agronomy. 2022; 12(4):877.
Previous Article in Special Issue Degradation of Doxycycline, Enrofloxacin, and
Sulfamethoxypyridazine under Simulated Sunlight at Different pH Values and Chemical
Environments.
Cadmium and nickel are two key heavy metal pollutants. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-
Information (IJGI). Researchers from Europe, the Middle East, southeastern Asia, the Americas, and
Australia have all paid attention to this subject, i.e., the research was truly international. In the
biosphere, this metal tends to disperse (organisms do not tend to accumulate it due to its toxicity),
but various anthropogenic activities can lead to its concentration. In Proceedings of the Public
Recreation and Landscape Protection—With Nature Hand in Hand. First, tourism is a factor of
people concentration and fairly deep interacts with the environment (e.g., via an increased demand
for local food), which increases human exposure to Cd pollution. Distribution of the studies under
review by year of publication. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our
website. Previous Article in Special Issue Degradation of Doxycycline, Enrofloxacin, and
Sulfamethoxypyridazine under Simulated Sunlight at Different pH Values and Chemical
Environments. During the past decade, great progress has been made in identifying the mechanisms
by which biochar can reduce soil Cd transport to cereal crops. Paper should be a substantial original
Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for. Therefore, in this
review paper, we briefly summarize the chemical forms, release sources, and maximum permissible
limits of Cd(II) in soil. One should note, however, that interest in this research topic has remained
low in Western Europe and South America. Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease (GUCDD).
Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view. Recently, Moradi and
coworkers investigated the effects of raw biochar and iron (Fe)-modified biochar made from
common reed on Cd fractionation, mobility, and microbial communities in calcareous soil. The third
research gap was linked to the necessity of serious investigation of such a mechanism as tourist
exposure to Cd, due to its concentration in tableware and canned food. The present review
demonstrates that more studies of heavy metals and, particularly, Cd in the tourism environment are
needed. The treatments were incorporated into the soil and left for 90 days. Note that from the first
issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Register for a free account
to start saving and receiving special member only perks. Basic information on the studies considered
in the present review. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that
they believe will be particularly. Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant
potential for high impact in the field. A Feature. This synthesis also shows some lacking data, which
might initiate future investigations. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article
numbers instead of page numbers. Undoubtedly, these relationships resembled those established for
densely populated areas, but some specific features should be mentioned explicitly. Unfortunately,
the relevant information is scattered over hundreds of publications (often based on case studies), and
it still lacks systematization. Our significantly incomplete knowledge of the relationships between
cadmium and tourism must be ascribed to the common oversimplification of these relationships and
to the scarcity or even absence of information supplied by the most important tourist destinations.
However, the knowledge of these activities needs to be detailed—for instance, is tourism seasonality
important for Cd pollution.
Efficiency of the remediation of cadmium (Cd(II))-contaminated soils by pristine biochar and
modified biochar in different studies. Finally, we identify challenges associated with the use of
biochar and suggest areas for future research. The details of various modified biochars for Cd
immobilization are discussed below. 4.2. Description and Main Findings of Experiments with Metal-
Modified Biochar in Cd-Contaminated Soil The application of metal-modified biochar to immobilize
soil Cd is an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective technique. Irrigation of farmland with
water contaminated by industrial effluents can also cause Cd pollution. Paper should be a substantial
original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for. Recently,
Moradi and coworkers investigated the effects of raw biochar and iron (Fe)-modified biochar made
from common reed on Cd fractionation, mobility, and microbial communities in calcareous soil. The
recent scientific literature on the use of biochar and biochar-based materials for the efficient removal
of Cd (II) to reduce its mobility and bioavailability in the soil system was also reviewed. According
to WHO limited for drinking water, results showed that only the concentration of Cu and Zn are
within the saving values. A concentration was found in the Mediterranean countries (Algeria,
Croatia, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Spain, and Turkey). The content of each work considered for the
purposes of the present review was analyzed on the basis of two major categories, namely research
parameters and research findings. This meant that either Cd pollution was studied, but not found, or
that the Cd content was below dangerous levels, or that it was not the main pollutant. Examples of
the contribution by tourism to Cd pollution ( A ) and Cd pollution creating risks to tourism ( B ).
European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE). Does surface
water treatment need special measures in the Czech Republic. Uptake, accumulation and
immobilization of Cd in soil by biochar-based materials. It was also evident that the presence of Cd
in the tourism environment was, in a significant number of cases, not linked to the risks, although
cases with such risks were numerous. The results found that both amendments reduced the
availability of Cd and Zn in the soil, but only marginally activated As and Cu. A Comprehensive
Literature Review on Cadmium (Cd) Status in the Soil Environment and Its Immobilization by
Biochar-Based Materials. Next Article in Journal Building Resilient Urban Communities: The Case
Study of Setubal Municipality, Portugal. Second, some studies have indicated wastewater, including
that of hotels, as a source of Cd pollution. Rahim, Hafeez Ur, Waqas Ali Akbar, and Juha M.
Alatalo. Deformation monitoring method for wind erosion on humanities and tourism environment
damage in scenic spots. The results of this study suggest a possible risk to the population of the
study area given the toxicity of these metals, and the fact that for many people in the study area,
ground water is a main source of their water supply. International Journal of Turbomachinery,
Propulsion and Power (IJTPP). Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no competing financial
interest. This intake is directly related to the accumulation of Cd in crops. Biochar, a carbon-based
solid adsorbent prepared by pyrolysis of various types of feedstocks in the absence of oxygen, has
gained interest as an innovative, green, and sustainable tool in agriculture, environment preservation,
and energy production, due to its specific physicochemical attributes. Thematically, the considered
studies were very diverse, and they addressed both general and highly-specific issues. Editors select
a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly.
Undoubtedly, this list is incomplete (as no bibliographical database can be 100% complete), but it
might safely be presumed that it includes the majority of the principal works.
Does surface water treatment need special measures in the Czech Republic. We use cookies on our
website to ensure you get the best experience. During the past decade, great progress has been made
in identifying the mechanisms by which biochar can reduce soil Cd transport to cereal crops.
Undoubtedly, this list is incomplete (as no bibliographical database can be 100% complete), but it
might safely be presumed that it includes the majority of the principal works. Cd is absorbed through
the gastrointestinal tract at a rate of 5% in humans, but nutritional factors may increase this up to
15% in cases of iron deficiency. The treatments were incorporated into the soil and left for 90 days.
It is crucial to state that most of these review papers reported the removal of heavy metal ions and
organic pollutants as a whole from soil and water system by pristine and modified biochar. Feature
papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A
Feature. The current review summarizes selective research on spectrophotometric determination of
heavy metals, especially cadmium and nickel. According to the experimental findings, MgO-loaded
biochar had remarkably high Cd(II) sorption potential compared with the original biochar. The other
regions were addressed with less attention or not addressed at all. In order to understand the heavy
metal concentration from wastewater, it is desired to have effective, accurate but simpler and low
cost method for heavy metals. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD).
Cadmium and nickel are two key heavy metal pollutants. Next Article in Journal The Roles of
Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) Transporters in Regulating Agronomic Traits.
The review presents an overview of the knowledge of biochar as a promising amendment for the
decontamination of Cd(II)-polluted soils. Find support for a specific problem in the support section
of our website. Our final aim was to identify challenges connected with biochar use and suggest
areas for future research. 2. Literature Search The content of this review article is outlined in Figure
1. For this purpose, 83 relevant publications (mainly articles in international journals) were analyzed.
Cd also forms precipitates with P, As, Cr, and other anions, although the solubility of these
compounds varies depending on the pH and other chemical factors. Various conventional remediation
technologies are adopted to remove Cd from contaminated soils. Editors select a small number of
articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly. Nonetheless, the
already available knowledge reviewed in the present paper forms a firm ground for correct planning
of future research projects. Humans are exposed to Cd chiefly through the food chain, i.e., via
consumption of contaminated crops and other natural products, and exposure also depends on the
persistence of the dietary intake of this metal. NT-2 on the stabilization of mixed Cd- and Cu-
polluted soil. Finally, we identify challenges associated with the use of biochar and suggest areas for
future research. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Undoubtedly,
all of these findings should be discussed in the light of tourism development. Journal of
Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM). Tropical Medicine and Infectious
Disease (TropicalMed).
From all considered studies, 8% focused on Cd and 20% focused on tourism ( Table 1 ). The relevant
studies focused largely on evidence from China and Spain. Our significantly incomplete knowledge
of the relationships between cadmium and tourism must be ascribed to the common
oversimplification of these relationships and to the scarcity or even absence of information supplied
by the most important tourist destinations. Next Article in Special Issue Biogeochemistry of
Household Dust Samples Collected from Private Homes of a Portuguese Industrial City. The largest
number of studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. These mechanisms are mostly
dependent on biochar surface pore size, oxygen-containing functional groups, pyrolysis temperature
used in biochar preparation, biochar feedstock, and soil characteristics. These results meant that
tourism triggered Cd pollution and that Cd pollution commonly affected tourism activities; both
relationships received adequate scientific investigation. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and
Disease (JCDD). The Cd occurrence in air, living organisms, sediments, soil, suspended particular
matter, water, and of the human environment has been studied. This synthesis also shows some
lacking data, which might initiate future investigations. Both biochars markedly decreased Cd(II)
leaching in the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and NH 4 NO 3 -extractable Cd(II)
in the amended soil in comparison with untreated soil. Find support for a specific problem in the
support section of our website. Second, new sources of Cd pollution are linked to tourism, namely
hotels. Researchers from Europe, the Middle East, southeastern Asia, the Americas, and Australia
have all paid attention to this subject, i.e., the research was truly international. A Comprehensive
Literature Review on Cadmium (Cd) Status in the Soil Environment and Its Immobilization by
Biochar-Based Materials. Agronomy. 2022; 12(4):877. Finally, we identify challenges associated with
the use of biochar and suggest areas for future research. International Journal of Environmental
Research and Public Health (IJERPH). Mikhailenko AV, Ruban DA, Ermolaev VA, van Loon AJ.
The stoichiometric composition of the chelate is 1: 2 (Cd: Alizarin red S). The details of various
modified biochars for Cd immobilization are discussed below. 4.2. Description and Main Findings of
Experiments with Metal-Modified Biochar in Cd-Contaminated Soil The application of metal-
modified biochar to immobilize soil Cd is an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective
technique. It was also evident that the presence of Cd in the tourism environment was, in a
significant number of cases, not linked to the risks, although cases with such risks were numerous.
From the data we can observed that concentrations of the heavy metals vary significantly between
the different ground water wells, indicating that the wells are different from each other in terms of
heavy metal content. The literature findings indicated that the diverse functional groups and actives
sites on the surface of modified biochar, a large specific surface area, and a porous structure could
improve the potential of modified biochar for the immobilization of Cd(II) in soil as compared to
pristine biochar. To find the most recent and relevant studies, we searched the Web of Science core
collection database, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The treatments were incorporated into the soil and
left for 90 days. Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals.
Other methods also have specific limitations by generating secondary pollution, which may have
more deleterious effects on the overall environment than the original contamination. The review
presents an overview of the knowledge of biochar as a promising amendment for the
decontamination of Cd(II)-polluted soils. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI).
The present review demonstrates that more studies of heavy metals and, particularly, Cd in the
tourism environment are needed.