Economic Evaluation In Patient Safety: A Literature Review Of Methods

Undertaking a literature review on economic evaluation methods in patient safety is a formidable

task. It requires extensive research, critical analysis, and a deep understanding of both economic
principles and the intricacies of patient safety. The complexity of this topic demands thorough
investigation and precise synthesis of existing research to provide valuable insights and
recommendations.

One of the primary challenges in writing a literature review on this subject is the vast amount of
literature available. Patient safety and economic evaluation are dynamic fields, constantly evolving
with new research, methodologies, and findings. Navigating through this wealth of information
requires meticulous attention to detail and the ability to discern relevant studies from the abundance
of literature.

Furthermore, the interdisciplinary nature of economic evaluation in patient safety adds another layer
of complexity. Integrating perspectives from economics, healthcare management, epidemiology, and
other relevant disciplines requires a comprehensive understanding of each field and how they
intersect within the context of patient safety.

Another challenge lies in the diversity of methodologies employed in economic evaluation studies.
From cost-effectiveness analysis to cost-utility analysis and beyond, each method has its strengths
and limitations. Evaluating and comparing these methodologies to determine their suitability for
addressing specific patient safety issues requires a deep understanding of economic theory and
statistical analysis.

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Statistics Make data-driven decisions to drive reader engagement, subscriptions, and campaigns.
After processing the clustering results, a cluster distribution diagram was drawn ( Figure 9 ). Other
sources for retrospective data collection include patient registries and existing clinical study
databases. Our review method was designed to yield higher methodological ratings, as we always
took the higher rating of the two reviewers, yet we still identified a significant lack of
methodological features. A significant proportion of the cost of adverse events is accrued after
discharge from acute care. 6 Third, a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis measures the value of
an intervention compared with an alternative strategy. In a majority of cases, detailed economic
evaluations are carried out because the novel intervention is more costly but promises better
effectiveness compared to standard care. RESULTS: In total, 77 studies evaluating 72 toolkits met
inclusion criteria. OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed Gaspoz JM, Coxson PG, Goldman PA, Williams LW,
Kuntz KM, Hunink MG, et al. OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed Clarke PM, Gray AM, Briggs A, Stevens
RJ, Matthews DR, Holman RR. In the first, participants identify relevant issues, which are then
pooled and ranked; the second round sees these issues discussed followed by their re-ranking.
Preliminary study of knowledge map of safety science: base on data of safety Science. Some key
sources reported that consumers should be involved early in the SR process, such as in topic
formulation and refinement and in identification of the research questions and outcomes. These
educational tools can easily be applied to the office setting and are another important aspect of
ERAS. YGB (that’s what the kids call Young Goodman Brown) meets a man sitting on a tree
stump, who we can presume is the devil (note to reader: if the devil joins you on your journey, you’re
probably headed in the wrong direction). Plan of class. Decision-analytic modeling: General
considerations Markov models. Although not comprehensive, Table 9.2 shows examples of typical
direct health care cost items that could be considered in an economic evaluation of a radiological
intervention. Plan of class. Review assignment no 2 Discuss start time of 3 future classes Discuss
what we might do with 2 extra classes. This enabled us to view the dynamic processes affecting
OHSM research hotspots between time points and from the whole to the local. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ? Luft HS. The Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) 2020.
Disclaimer The views expressed in this article are the personal views of the authors and may not be
understood or quoted as being made on behalf of or reflecting the position of the agencies or
organisations with which the authors are affiliated. The number of primary literature reports is
increasing, both retrospective and prospective. In this paper, co-word analysis, cluster analysis, and
other methods will be used to analyze the retrieved literature. The third category of cost items are
the indirect costs, also referred to as productivity costs. Among patient groups for whom several
different CDM programs are possible, economic evaluation could be used to determine the expected
costs and benefits for each of the candidate programs. Examples of clinical and cost inputs that
might be relevant for such an economic evaluation are listed in Table 5. For example, Hoon et al. ( 49
) studied the relationship between the level of self-health management and the QOL of people with
chronic musculoskeletal diseases. Occupational stress and occupational stress management became
core issues in OHSM research, the reason is that evidence from many aspects indicates that a
growing number of workers to be victims of working pressure ( 35 ). The survey of day-shift male
workers, using the Self-Rating. A co-word analysis of organizational constraints for maintaining
sustainability. There were an estimated almost 2 million MRI exams performed in Canada in 2014 to
2015. 2 This is 20 times more than the number performed in 1990.
Resources Dive into our extensive resources on the topic that interests you. Future development
trends in OHSM research are described providing theoretical and practical reference for further
study. For example, consumer involvement aims at ensuring that the research questions and outcomes
included in the SR protocol reflect the perspectives and needs of the people who will receive the care
and require this information to make real-world and optimally informed decisions. This systematic
approach also permitted gaps and inconsistencies in the field to be identified. Just as Brown thinks
he can resist the devil and emerge from his hiding place, he hears a scream that sounds like Faith’s,
and a pink ribbon fl utters to his feet. It would be like finding out politicians are corrupt, or
professional athletes use steroids, or that college football coaches cheat. Core keywords included
OHS programs, OHS services, prevention, rehabilitation, and interventions. What were the main
research themes at different stages. Decision taken to carry out Self Evaluation on a programme basis
over a 5 year cycle: VTOS, Youthreach, PLC, Literacy, Community Ed. Improving the quality of
pressure ulcer care with prevention a cost-effectiveness analysis. The ASA, for example, has several
patient-centric decision aids available on their website, which includes decision aids for epidural and
spinal anesthesia and peripheral nerve blocks, and is currently developing one for Monitored
Anesthesia Care. 29. But Brown is able to fight off the devil, even though he himself and Faith is
lured to the ceremony. In developing countries, attention is increasingly being given to the mental
health of employees, and this will continue to be a focus of research in psychology and management.
Enhancements to CT scanning and MRI often meet these criteria. We found five analyses that
reported a total of seven comparisons based on adequate effectiveness data. This night it shall be
granted you to know their secret deeds: how hoary-bearded elders of the church have whispered
wanton words to the young maids of their households; how many a woman, eager for widows’
weeds, has given her husband a drink at bedtime and let him sleep his last sleep in her bosom”
(Hawthorne 30). Studies were described using a standardised template and assessed independently
by two researchers according to six quality criteria. 33 articles were reviewed that were
representative of different patient safety domains, data types and evaluation methods. 18 estimated
the economic burden of adverse events, 3 measured the costs of patient safety practices and 12
provided complete economic evaluations. For example, in the keyword co-occurrence map generated
by NetDraw, the color patch area of a keyword is proportional to its frequency of citation. Edited by
J. Eden, B. Wheatley, B. McNeil, and H. Sox. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Sitemap case study creative writing presentation problem solving rewiew prompts websites tips.
OpenUrl PubMed ? Conterno LO, Shymanski J, Ramotar K, et al. Rather than an initiation into
manhood, Brown’s is an initiation into evil. Follow-up: do I need any tests and when do I book my
next visit. In just such a way did the Salem witch trials effectively bring about the collapse of
Puritanism, yet the story resonates long afterward: We as readers understand that we are the mythical
descendants of Young Goodman Brown. Review of the scientific and biomedical literature is
perhaps the most common place to identify innovation. Burnout also negatively impacts on work
performance, damaging relationships and leading to family problems and poor personal health ( 78 ).
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the Literary Girl I am most excited when reading and writing about books, stories, and poems. Read
some of that excitement here. Google alert queries, Google Trends, Google News Timeline, Google
Insight and blogs were also mentioned. 40 42. Two independent reviewers screened publications for
inclusion. An additional example of moderate interaction is including members of the SR team on the
CPG team.
TemplateRoller.com will not be liable for loss or damage of any kind incurred as a result of using the
information provided on the site. Health economic evaluation involves the use of rigorous methods
to produce evidence to facilitate decisions regarding investment in health care resources. Decision
analysis is particularly useful for therapies for chronic conditions, in which the applicable time
horizon extends beyond the duration of clinical trials, often to the lifetime of the patient. The cookie
is used to store and identify a users' unique session ID for the purpose of managing user session on
the website. CONCLUSIONS: The review documents publicly available toolkits and their
components. However, a process should be in place to reduce the risk of bias and COI from user and
stakeholder input and in the SR team. The primary research objective was posed as follows: The
study objective was to estimate the incremental costs per quality-adjusted life year gained of CT
alone or CT following an inconclusive ultrasound compared to ultrasound alone, from a third-party
payer perspective in children presenting with suspected appendicitis. 1. Cost item identification 2.
The narrator equates the dreariness with both solitude and evil, and the aura of doom pervades the
story. Incidence and characteristics of potential and actual retained foreign object events in surgical
patients. Conclusions Five comparative economic analyses were found that reported a total of seven
comparisons based on at least one effectiveness study of adequate methodological quality.
Publishing the protocol and amendments allows readers to track the changes and judge whether an
amendment has biased the review. As for data quality, WoS covers a large number of a reliable and
high-quality data sources in natural and social sciences ( 25, 26 ). Chaiyakunapruk N, Veenstra DL,
Lipsky BA, et al. When he leaves her, he vows to himself that he will be good after his business is
done tonight. The number of individuals with a particular expertise needs to be carefully balanced so
that one group of experts is not overly influential. As a result, parts of the site may not function
properly for you. Efficacy of reconbinant human erythropoietin in critically ill patients: a randomized
controlled trial. The remaining two quadrants are the ones for which economic evaluation is most
critical: when the intervention is less costly but also less effective (southwest quadrant) or when the
intervention is more costly but also is more effective than standard care (northeast quadrant).
According to the results, occupational stress, mental health, and quality of life at the individual
level; OHS risk assessment and management at the organizational level; OHSM and work elements;
OHSMS standards, OHS prevention, and rehabilitation at the social level were hotspots in OHSM
research. AHRQ and other government agencies also sponsor many SRs, as will PCORI, that are
intended to inform patient and clinician decisions, but not specifically for a CPG. A Summary and
Analysis of Nathaniel Hawthorne's 'Young Goodman Brown' Plot summary In the village of Salem
one evening, a young man named Goodman Brown bids farewell to his wife, Faith. Evaluation of
the relationship between Job Safety and Employee Productivity i. Shown in Figure 5, the research
field was divided into three fields. The cookies collect this data and are reported anonymously.
These types of safety checklists have shown promise in the literature for the reduction of medical
errors and the improvement of patient safety and outcomes. 27,28. Safety management has a
positive impact on safety performance, economic performance, and financial performance, so
protecting the health and health of employees is conducive to improving the competitiveness of
enterprises ( 62 ). Novels and stories of this type feature vivid descriptions of morbid or gloomy
events, coupled with emotional or psychological torment. Given scarcity (ie, not enough resources
exist to meet all the desires of a society), societies must make choices, and, in the case of health care,
these choices include which health care programs to implement and which to forego. Comparative
effectiveness of standard endotracheal tubes vs. An economic evaluation of venous
thromboembolism prophylaxis strategies in critically ill trauma patients at risk of bleeding.
In this chapter the basic concepts and methods of economic evaluation are introduced and illustrated
as they pertain to the field of radiology. CER questions should address diverse populations of study
participants, examine interventions that are feasible to implement in a variety of healthcare settings,
and measure a broad range of health outcomes (IOM, 2009b). Based on this research, a guideline
team considering interventions to prevent hip fracture in the elderly, for example, should include
family physicians, internists, orthopedists, social workers, and others likely to work with the patient
population at risk. The purpose is to provide educational resources for the resident with the current
safety literature, system-based changes, developments in practice management and accreditation
related to OBA. OpenUrl CrossRef ? Corwin HL, Gettinger A, Pearl RG, et al. In terms of keyword
selection, various terms are frequently used in OHSM research, including “occupational health
management,” “occupational safety management,” and “occupational health and safety
management,” with “OHS management,” “OSH management,” and some other categories used less
frequently. However, certain topics remain a focus of current researchers, especially at the
organizational level. This is consistent with guidance from the Cochrane Collaboration, which
prohibits sponsorship by any commercial sources with financial interests in the conclusions of
Cochrane reviews. This was not a comparative economic analysis, because it did not model the
effectiveness of guideline implementation, and did not consider any incremental costs of developing,
organising, implementing and maintaining national and local venous thromboembolism prevention
improvement programmes. 57 We did not identify an eligible comparative economic analysis on hand
hygiene, although we identified several analyses with interesting findings. Patients have to be an
active partner in their health to ensure that they have the information they need to use their
medications safely. Quote: “He beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire.” Analysis: The
devil is dressed decently enough. By 2009, 56,250 facilities in 116 countries had obtained OHSAS
18001 certification ( 60 ); many multinational companies (e.g., Apple, Boeing, HP, Coca-Cola.) have
obtained OHSAS 18001 management system certification and require their suppliers to obtain
certification. Two independent reviewers screened publications for inclusion. Analysis of the current
situation of occupational safety and health in the world. As always, impact on the market must be
taken into consideration. The denser the lines, the closer the keyword is to other keywords, and the
greater the role it plays. This cookie is used to enable payment on the website without storing any
payment information on a server. Only 29% reported patient data and, overall, results from robust
study designs are missing from the evidence base. To the best of our knowledge, nobody applied
method (2) to cost-effectiveness analysis. The prices of prescription drugs listed on the Ontario Drug
Benefit Program formulary are readily available. 11 As described above, assigning a price to an
inpatient stay is a complex task. GIFs Highlight your latest work via email or social media with
custom GIFs. OpenUrl PubMed ? Hubben G, Bootsma M, Luteijin M, et al. There have been many
changes to the literature, practice management, accreditation requirements, and OBA legislation. As
shown in Figure 7, occupational stress, risk management, risk assessment, mental health, and
management system were the core hot words in OHSM research. Data sharing statement The data set
(excel) has been made available through being uploaded as supplementary information. Leading
guidance from producers of SRs also requires disclosure of competing interest (CRD, 2009; Higgins
and Green, 2008; Whitlock et al., 2010). The premise of disclosure policies is that reporting
transparency allows readers to judge whether these conflicts may have influenced the results of the
research. The number of office-based procedures has grown exponentially over the last 25 years and
there have been substantial changes affecting the practice. This systematic approach also permitted
gaps and inconsistencies in the field to be identified. Suite 195, 3-304 Stone Road West Guelph, ON
N1G 4W4 Canada. Conclusions Five comparative economic analyses were found that reported a
total of seven comparisons based on at least one effectiveness study of adequate methodological
quality.
Modelling the expected net benefits of interventions to reduce the burden of medication errors. A
poster appearing at GRH advising patients of five key questions for medication safety. Many studies
have shown that the implementation of an OHSMS has a positive impact on corporate security
performance, economic and financial performance, and corporate competitiveness ( 62 ).
METHODS: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and the Web of Science from 2005 to May 2018 for
evaluations of publicly available toolkits, used a forward search of known toolkits, screened
references, and contacted topic experts. Tentative guidelines for using clinical and economic
evaluations. Educating the Next Generation: A Curriculum for Providing Safe Anesthesia in Office-
Based Surgery. Should a publicly financed government health plan pay for an expensive
experimental treatment that may or may not extend the life of a terminal patient with a rare genetic
disorder. Examples of cost-effectiveness estimates were taken from the published literature. What
are some of the stages when questions like these ones matter the most. Cost-effectiveness of an
electronic medication ordering and administration system in reduing adverse drug events.
Preliminary study of knowledge map of safety science: base on data of safety Science. For example,
a physician group might wish to provide after-hours care, chronic disease case management, and
lifestyle modification programs, but the members find that they do not have enough funds to cover
all 3. Goodman continues his journey into the woods with a lighter heart after convincing himself,
“and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven.” The author’s sneer at this
comment can almost be felt. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Only articles published in English or
Italian from 2008 to 2018 were included. Given scarcity (ie, not enough resources exist to meet all
the desires of a society), societies must make choices, and, in the case of health care, these choices
include which health care programs to implement and which to forego. NOTE: We only request your
email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to
see it, and that it is not junk mail. The third category of cost items are the indirect costs, also referred
to as productivity costs. Other databases such as PubMed were not included in the systematic study.
Cost effectiveness analysis in health care: contraindications. MD MPH CCFP Find this author on
Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site For correspondence.
WMSD has caused widespread concern from government and health research institutes due to its
serious impact on the health and efficiency of workers, as well as serious economic losses to
organizations and society. An intervention that falls into category C leads one to ask if sacrifices in
health are worth the savings that would be garnered and potentially reinvested in other health-
producing activities. For example, in the keyword co-occurrence map generated by NetDraw, the
color patch area of a keyword is proportional to its frequency of citation. Modelling the costs and
effects of selective and universal hospital admission screening for methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus. The cookie is used to identify individual clients behind a shared IP address
and apply security settings on a per-client basis. She’s also the pharmacy quality improvement
coordinator and chairs the hospital’s medication management committee. Incidence and types of
adverse events and negligent care in Utah and Colorado. GIFs Highlight your latest work via email
or social media with custom GIFs. All 3 consider costs in a similar fashion, but each differs in how it
measures health benefits. The IOM Committee on Comparative Effectiveness Research Prioritization
recommended that “the CER program should fully involve consumers, patients, and caregivers in
key aspects of CER, including strategic planning, priority setting, research proposal development,
peer review, and dissemination” (IOM, 2009b, p. 143). It also urged that strategies be developed to
engage and prepare consumers effectively for these activities (IOM, 2009b).
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health Class no. 5: Measuring costs -
Part 2 Sept 17, 2008. Office-based anesthesia: how to start an office-based practice. First, keep your
medication record up to date and carry a copy with you. Decision taken to carry out Self Evaluation
on a programme basis over a 5 year cycle: VTOS, Youthreach, PLC, Literacy, Community Ed. Sixty
papers were excluded because of language issues or lack of access to full text. Several safety
improvement strategies were less economically attractive, such as bar-coded sponges for reducing
retained surgical sponges compared with standard surgical counting, and giving erythropoietin to
reduce transfusion requirements in critically ill patients to avoid one transfusion-related adverse
event. Employees' work efficiency was declining due to increasing work pressure, a phenomenon
that directly or indirectly affects the employer's revenue and profit. Developing the protocol is an
iterative process that requires communication with users and stakeholders, input from the general
public, and a. Full details of each study can be found in online appendix 1. In this example, the lines
and arrows represent the following key research questions. Faith is obviously a symbol and YGB is
denying his faith and intends to make a pact with the devil. Hawthorne’s description; “Still they
might have been taken for father and son.” This simple description of Goodman and the Devil that
Hawthorne throws around illustrates the striking similarity between the two. In these studies,
researchers mostly discuss from the perspective of the importance of developing OHSM as part of
the sustainable development of enterprises and the improvement of OHS to improve the
competitiveness of enterprises ( 9 ). Use of chronic disease management programs for diabetes.
Every decision to order a diagnostic test, prescribe a therapy, or request a consultation from a
specialist, each with the goal of improving or maintaining patient health, inevitably reduces the pool
of available health care funds. Many studies are subject to volunteer bias, with study respondents
often representing a more educated and higher income bracket. As the responsibility for allocating
resources grows, the principles of economic analysis will become increasingly important. Budget
Impact Analysis Guidelines: Pharmaceutical Budget Impact Analyses for Submission to Public Drug
Plans in Canada. 2007. (accessed 11 Oct 2011). ? Shojania KG, Duncan BW, McDonald KM, et al.
OHS risk management research began to rise, becoming the focus of long-term attention in the field
of OHSM. Modelling the costs and effects of selective and universal hospital admission screening
for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore the intervention can be considered
economically dominant. 39 Retained surgical foreign body One comparative economic analysis was
related to retained surgical foreign bodies. 37 This analysis compared seven strategies: no sponge
tracking; standard counting; universal radiography without counting; universal radiography with
standard counting; selective mandatory radiography for high-risk operations; bar-coded sponges;
and radiofrequency-tagged sponges. The standards pertain to: establishing the review team, ensuring
user and stakeholder input, managing bias and conflict of interest (COI) for both the research team
and users and stakeholders, formulating the research topic, writing the review protocol, providing for
peer review of the protocol, and making the protocol publicly available. For example, consumer
involvement aims at ensuring that the research questions and outcomes included in the SR protocol
reflect the perspectives and needs of the people who will receive the care and require this
information to make real-world and optimally informed decisions. IRSHAD SHAIKH (B.com,
M.com (HR), PGDLP, CS (cont.). NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you
are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. At
the same time, health management policy research received extensive attention from scholars as with
the acceleration of international integration, OHSM issues, which are closely related to the
production process, had attracted the attention of the international community. For instance,
treatments of rare or difficult-to-treat diseases or care of vulnerable populations might not meet
arbitrary cost-effectiveness criteria but might still be desirable for reasons of inclusivity and equity.
Comparative economic analyses assess value by comparing the costs and outcomes of safety
improvement strategies. Prospective data collection may include simple surveys or questionnaires.
Also, ask your doctor, pharmacist or nurse to review all your medications to see if any can be
stopped or reduced.