Inorganic Chemistry - Top 500 Question Bank For JEE Main by MathonGo

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. The law of triad is applicable to a group of (4) N 3

> O
2
> F > Na
+
< Mg
2+
(1) Cl, Br, I

Q9. Assertion
(2) C, N, O
PbCl2 is more stable than PbCl 4
(3) Na, K, Rb
Reason
(4) H, O, N
PbCl4 is a powerful oxidising agent
Q2. The atomic number of Unnilunium is _____. (1) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the
correct explanation for Assertion
Q3. The element with atomic number 25 will be found in group
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the
Q4. From the given compounds, if X number of compounds are correct explanation for Assertion
acidic in water, find the value of X. (3) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
CaO, SO2 , SO3 , Fe2 O3 , Cl2 O7 , CO2 , Na2 O
(4) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct
Q5. How many of the following have greater Z eff

than Silicon Q10. The correct increasing order of electronegativity for
atom: Sn, Sn
2+
and Sn 4+
species is:
(i) Na (ii) Mg (iii) Al (iv) P (v) Cl (vi) S (vii) N (viii) O (ix) F (1) Sn < Sn 2+
< Sn
4+
Q6. Atomic radii of alkali metals follow the order: (2) Sn 4+

< Sn
2+
< Sn
(1) Li > Na > K > Cs (3) Sn = Sn 2+

= Sn
4
(2) K > Cs > Li > Na (4) Sn < Sn 2+

= Sn
4+
(3) Na > K > Cs > Li Q11. Find the correct order of electron gain enthalpy (Δ eg H) of
(4) Cs > K > Na > Li the given elements.
Q7. The first (Δ H and the second (Δ H ionization enthalpies (1) O > B > C > N
i 1) i 2)
( in kJmol −1
) and the Δe electron gain enthalpy (in kJ mol (2) O > C > N > B
gH
−1 ) of a few elements are given below : (3) O > C > B > N
Elements ΔH1 ΔH2 Δeg H

(4) O > N > C > B
I 52O 7300 −60
II 419 3051 −48

Q12. A → A −
+ e, E1 and A +
→ A
2+
+ e, E2 . The energy
III 1681 3374 −328 required to pull out the two electrons are E and E respectively.
1 2
IV 1008 1846 −295

The correct relationship between two energy would be :
V 2372 5251 +48
VI 738 1451 −40 (1) E 1 < E2
Which of the above likely to be the least reactive non-metal? (2) E 1

> E2
(3) E 1 = E2
Q8. In the increasing order of their sizes, arrange the following
(4) E 1 ≠ E2
ions N 3−
, Na
+
,F
−
, Mg
2+
and O 2−
(1) Mg 2+
> Na
+
> F > O
2−
< N
3−
Q13. The correct decreasing order of electropositive character
(2) N 3−
< F > O
2
> Na
+
> Mg
2+
among the following elements is
(3) Mg 2+
< Na
+
< F < O
2−
< N
3−
(1) Fe > Sc > Rb > Br > Te > F > Ca
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Chemistry MathonGo
(2) Ca > Rb > Sc > Fe > Te > F > Br Q15. Which one of the following relations is correct with respect
(3) Rb > Ca > Sc > Fe > Br > Te > F to first (I) and second (II) ionization potentials of sodium and
(4) Rb > Ca > Sc > Fe > Te > Br > F Magnesium?

(1) I Na > IMg
Q14. Which of the following element shows maximum valency?
(2) I Mg
> IINa
(1) Carbon
(3) II Mg > IINa
(2) Barium
(4) II Na > IIMg
(3) Nitrogen
(4) Sulphur
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (1) Q2 (101) Q3 (7) Q4 (4)
Q5 (6) Q6 (4) Q7 (4) Q8 (3)
Q9 (1) Q10 (1) Q11 (3) Q12 (1)
Q13 (4) Q14 (4) Q15 (4)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. The term "effective" is used because the shielding

effect of negatively charged electrons prevents
According to Dobereiner, the atomic weight of the
higher orbital electrons from experiencing the full
middle element is nearly the same as the average
nuclear charge of the nucleus due to the repelling
atomic weights of the other two elements.
effect of inner-layer electrons.
Q2. It increases across the period as the orbit remains the

According to IUPAC convention for naming of elements with same but the number of protons increases as we
atomic number more than 100, different digits are written in order move from left to right in the periodic table.
and at the end ium is added. For digits following naming is used. As we move down the group effective nuclear
0 − nil charge decreases or almost remains constant as an
1 − un increase in shell number is balanced by the increase
2 − bi in the number of protons in the group.

3 − tri Therefore, the order of Z eff
is:
and so on... F > O > N > Cl > S > P > Si > Al > Mg > Na
So, 6 elements have higher Z eff than Silicon.

Q3.
For d block elements: Q6.
Group number = number of electrons in (n -1)d subshell + number
Atomic radii of alkali metals increases from Li to Cs
of electrons in nS subshell .
due to presence of an extra shell of electrons.
Hence, order of atomic radii:
The E.C. of element =[Ar] 3d 5
4s
2
; Group = 7th.
Cs > K > Na > Li .
Q4.
Generally, oxides and hydroxides of non-metals are Q7. The least reactive non-metal is element IV. The element IV
acidic in nature as they can release hydrogen ions in has not so high ΔiH1 but it has high negative electron gain
a solution. Also, oxides and hydroxides of metals are enthalpy (ΔegH). The given values for element IV match with I,
basic in nature as they can release hydroxide ions in (iodine).
a solution.
Q8. Mg 2+
< Na
+
< F < O
2−
< N
3−
Acidic compounds are as given below:

SO2 , SO3 , Cl2 O7 , CO2
Q9.
X = 4
Q5. Pb
4+
is less stable than Pb 2+
due to the inert pair
effect. So, Pb 4+
compounds are very good oxidizing
The effective nuclear charge Z , is the net positive
eff
agents.
charge experienced by an electron in an atom. Pb
4+
converts itself into Pb 2+
to attain stability, the
process is:
Chemistry MathonGo
Pb
4+
+ 2e
−
→ Pb
2+
Metallic character(electropositive) is inversely proportional to
Pb
4+
is a very big cation and it's association with 4 ionization energy.
anions like I is not possible. Therefore, PbI does

−
4 Alkali and alkaline earth metals are most electropositive. Alkali
not exist and all other molecules exist. metals are more electropositive than alkaline earth metals.
In d-block elements , the elements near the alkaline earth metals
are more electropositive than rest of the members. Metalloids are

Q10.
less electropositive than metals. Halogens (nonmetals) are least
Higher the oxidation state, greater is the electronegativity.
electropositive. In halogen group electropositive character
So, order will be Sn < Sn 2+
< Sn
4+
increases down the group.

Q11. Electron gain enthalpy down the group decreases and across
Q14.
the period it increases. Nitrogen has the positive value of electron
Second period elements can not form more than four bonds due to
gain enthalpy.
unavailability of vacant d-orbitals.
Q12. But third period onwards elements can form more than four bonds
The second ionization energy is always higher than the first due to availability of vacant d-orbitals.
ionization energy as an electron is to be removed from unipositive N and C belong to the second period so they can not expand octet.
cation. There is a strong electrostatic attractive force between the Ba is metal and +2 oxidation state is more stable.
unipositive cation and the electron. This makes the removal of Sulphur belongs to the third period of Periodic Table hence, it has
electron difficult and requires a large amount of energy. maximum valency and maximum valency of S is 6.
Always IP2 > IP1
Q15. After losing one electron, Na ion gets noble gas

+
So E2 > E1
configuration.
Q13.
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. What are the formal charges on the carbon and oxygen (3) SbH 3 > AsH3 > NH3 > PH3
atoms and the formal charge difference, ΔFC, in the Lewis (4) NH 3
> PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
(electron dot) structure of carbon dioxide shown in the figure?

Q7. Which of the following is the correct prediction about
0̈ = c = 0̈ observed B − F bond length in BF molecule? 3
(1) +4, −2 and +6 (1) B − F bond length in BF is found to be less than theoretical
3
(2) +4, +4 and 0 value because the electronegativity values of B(2.04) and 4.0)
(3) +4, +2 and +2 suggest the bond length to be ionic and hence, the attraction
(4) 0, 0 and 0 between oppositely charged ions must decrease the nd length.
(2) BF and [BF have equal B − F bond length.

−
3 4]
Q2. The sum of the number of lone pairs of electrons on each

(3) The decrease in the B − F bond length in BF is due to 3
central atom in the following species is

delocalised pπ − pπ bonding between vacant 2p orbital of B
and [XeF [Atomic number :
2− + −
[T eBr6 ] , [BrF2 ] , SN F3 3]
filled 2p orbital of F
N = 7, F = 9, S = 16, Br = 35, T e = 52, Xe = 54]
(4) The correct B − X bond length order is
Q3. How many of the following compounds have (pπ − dπ) B − F > B − Cl > B − Br > B − I
multiple bonds?
Q8. The diamagnetic species is
i. SO 2
(1) NO
ii. SO 3
(2) NO 2
iii. HSO ⊖
4
(3) O 2
iv. SO 4
2−
(4) CO 2
v. SO 2−
Q9. The difference between bond orders of CO and NO is ⊕ x
vi. HSO ⊖
3 2
where x =
Q4. Find the number of lone pairs of electrons present in a OF 2
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)

molecule.
Q10. Out of the given ten pairs of combination total pair(s),
Q5. If a molecule MX has zero dipole moment, the sigma
3
which results in zero overlapping is: (Assuming Z is overlapping

bonding orbitals used by M (atomic number < 21 ) are
axis). (p y
+ s) , (dxy + s) , (dxy + p )
y
(1) Pure p
(pz + dxy ) , (pz + s) , (py + Pz ) (s + s), (s + py ) , (py + py )
(2) sp hybridised
(3) sp hybridised
2 Q11. Arrange the following in increasing order of melting point:
(4) sp hybridised
3 Li2 O, LiF, Li3 N
(1) Li 3 N < Li2 O < LiF
Q6. Bond angles of NH 3, PH3 , AsH3 and SbH are in the order
3
(2) Li 2O < Li3 N < LiF
(1) PH 3
> AsH3 > SbH3 > NH3
(3) LiF < Li 2
O < Li3 N
(2) SbH 3 > AsH3 > PH3 > NH3

(4) Li 3 N < LiF < Li2 O
Chemistry MathonGo
Q12. Discuss and compare the dipole moments as well as bond

angles in NCl and PCl .
3 3
(1) Bond angle NCl 3 > Bond angle PCl 3
(2) Bond angle NCl 3 < Bond angle PCl 3
(3) Bond angle NCl 3

= Bond angle PCl 3
(4) None of these
Q13. Which one among the following does not have the
(4)
hydrogen bond?
(1) Phenol Q15. The hydrogen bond is strongest in
(2) Water (1) O − H … … F
(3) Liquid NH 3
(2) O − H … … H
(4) Liquid HCl (3) F − H … … F
(4) O − H … … . O
Q14. Overlapping leads to the formation of σ bonding molecular
orbital in: Q16. Identify the correct order of boiling points of the following
compounds:
(a) CH 3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH
(b) CH 3 CH2 CH2 CHO
(c) CH 3
CH2 CH2 COOH
(1) a > b > c

(2) c > a > b
(1)
(3) a > c > b
(4) c > b > a
Q17. Boiling point of H 2O is higher than that of H 2 S , because
the former
(2)
(1) is capable of forming H - bonds
(2) has higher molecular mass
(3) has relatively strong covalent bonds

(4) is capable of forming co-ordinate bonds with H ions +
Q18. The experimental value of the dipole moment of HCl is
1.03D . The length of the H − Cl bond is 1.275Å. The
(3) percentage of ionic character in HCl is: [Given: 1D = 10 −18

esu
cm]
(1) 43%
Chemistry MathonGo
(2) 21% (4) 7%

(3) 17%
Q19. The total mole of valence e in 2.6 g of N
− −
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (4) Q2 (6) Q3 (4) Q4 (8)
Q5 (3) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (4)
Q9 (0) Q10 (4) Q11 (1) Q12 (1)
Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (3) Q16 (2)
Q17 (1) Q18 (3) Q19 (1)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Q3.
dπ-pπ bonding is the formation of a π molecular orbital by the
The calculation of formal charge (FC) can be
overlap of a orbital on one atom with a p or p* orbital on another
considered as a process involving electronic book-
atom.
keeping, it is a hypothetical charge worked out as
i. SO2 ⇒ one (pπ − pπ) and one (pπ − dπ) bond.
follows:
ii. SO3 ⇒ one (pπ − pπ) and two (pπ − dπ) bond.
FC=(number of valence electrons)− (number of
1
and iv. both have 2(pπ − dπ) bond.

2 ⊝ ⊝
iii. HSO4 SO4
bonding electrons)−(number of non-bonding

v. SO3
2−
and HSO 3
2−
both have one (pπ − pπ) bond.
electrons)
Thus, i to iv have (pπ − dπ) multiple bonds.
∴ FC (C)= (4) − 1
2
(8) − 0 = 0
FC (O)= (6) − 1
(4) − 4 = 0
Q4.
2
Hence, ΔFC= 0 − 0 = 0.
Q2.
Number
of σ- Number O atom has = (2 lone pairs)
bonds of lone F atom has = (3 lone pairs each)
formed pairs on Total lone pairs = 2 + 3 + 3 = 8 .

by central
central metal
Q5.
metal atom/
The atomic number of the element M is given as less than 21.
atom/ ion
The electronic configuration for an atom with an atomic number
ion
of 21 will be [Ar]3s 2
3p
1
. This implies that the element M with
(i)
less than 21 electrons does not have d-orbital electrons.
In 6 1
2−
[T eBr6 ]
(ii) If the molecule MX is non-polar in nature, and contains no d-

3
In 2 2 orbitals, then it must have three sigma (single) bonds. The

+
[BrF2 ]
hybridisation for three sigma bonds is sp . Also, the fact that the
2
(iii)
molecule has zero dipole moment confirms that the molecule has
In
4 0
SN F3 a symmetrical geometry of triagonal planar arrangement, which
(iv) is possible only for an sp hybridisation around M.

2
In 3 3
[XeF3 ]
− Q6.
⇒ Total number of lone pairs of electrons = 1 + 2 + 0 + 3 According to Drago's rule, elements belonging to the third
= 6
period or below do not show hybridisation. This is accompanied
Chemistry MathonGo
by a decrease in bond angle to nearly 90°. Difference = 0 = x
However, in the case of ammonia, the bond angle is x = 0
approximately 107°.
Q10.
NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3
Q7.
It has partial double character in B − F bond due to pπ − pπ

back bonding.
Q8.
NO & O2 are paramagnetic, which can be
understood by the molecular orbital theory, as they

have electronic configuration of
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
NO = σ1s2 σ 2
σ2s2 σ 2
σ2p2 π2p2 = π2p2 π 1
= π 0
1s 2s 2p 2p
∗ ∗ ∗ ∗
O2 = σ1s2 σ 2
σ2s2 σ 2
σ2p2 π2p2 = π2p2 π 1
= π 1
1s 2s 2p 2p
As we can see, both have unpaired electrons. So, it

will show paramagnetic in nature.
Lewis structure of NO : 2
No overlapping is possible in the opposite

symmetry orbitals (along Z axis) i.e.,
S + Py , Py + Pz , dxy + S, dxy + py .
So, we can see one unpaired electron over
nitrogen, which makes it paramagnetic in nature. Q11.
Structure of CO : 2 As we know, higher the ionic character in compound higher the

O = C = O melting point because of higher intermolecular attraction.
So, no unpaired electrons, and it is diamagnetic in Fajan's rule tells about the covalent character in ionic bond.
nature. Covalent character depends upon charge on cation and anion and
size of cation and anion.
Here in given molecules, cations are same, so size and charge
Q9. Bond order of CO = 3
same on cation of each compound.
Bond order of NO +
= 3
Size of all anions (N −3

, O
−2
, F
−
) are same because all are
isoelectronic species but charge on all anion are different.
Chemistry MathonGo
According to Fajan's rule, higher the charge on anion, higher the Q14.
polarization power of cation and higher the covalent character; 1. S + py orbital gives non-bonding molecular orbitals.
so, lower the ionic character. 2. S + pz orbital give bonding molecular orbitals.
Hence, higher the charge on anion, higher the ionic character and 3. Lateral overlaps give Pi molecular orbitals.
higher the melting point.
Order of melting point Li 3N < Li2 O < LiF .

Q15.
The strength of hydrogen bond depends upon the

Q12. Dipole moment: The magnitude of P − Cl bond moment is
coulombic interaction between the
much larger than that of N − Cl ( greater electronegativity
electronegativity of the attached atom and
difference in the former case) bond, therefore, PCl is more
3
hydrogen. Fluorine is the most electronegative

polar than NCl 3
element. Thus, hydrogen bond will be strongest in

F − H. . . . . . . F .
Q16.
In carboxylic acids, molecules are more strongly
associated due to strong H− bonding followed by

alcohols due to H−bonding (which is weaker than
in case of carboxylic acid) and in aldehydes there

are dipole-dipole interactions.
Hence, the correct order of boiling points is
c > a > b .
Q17. In H 2 OH − bond is present

Bond angle: Cl − N Cl bond angle is greater than Cl − P Cl
bond angle. This is due to smaller bond pair - bond pair Q18.
repulsion in PCl . 3 % Ionic character =
Experimental value of dipole moment
× 100
Theoretical value of dipole moment
μexp
= × 100
Q13. μ
theo
Where:
A hydrogen bond is formed between H and a more
μexp = 1 .03 D and μ =|q|×d
electronegative atom like F,O or N . It is a form of dipole-dipole theo
−8
d = 1 .275 Å = 1 .275 ×10 cm
attraction between molecules.
−10
|q|= 4 .8 ×10 esu
In liquid HCl, a hydrogen bond cannot be formed with Cl atom
−10 −8
μ = 4 .8 ×10 × 1 .275 ×10 esu cm
due to its greater size and lesser electronegativity as compared to theo
−18
= 4 .8 ×1 .275 ×10 esu cm
F,O or N.
= 4.8 × 1.275D
Chemistry MathonGo
1D = 10
−18
esu cm Therefore, the number of valence electrons in three
% Ionic character =
1.03
4.8×1.275
× 100 = 17% (approx.) atoms of N = 15
Since the valency on the azide ion is −1, it means

Q19.
it has one extra electron on it.
Given weight of N ion = 2. 6 g
−
3 So, the total number of valence electrons in azide

Number of moles present in 2. 6 g of azide ion. ion is 15 + 1 = 16.
Given Weight 2.6 g 2.6 g
=
Molar Weight
=
(3×14 g)
=
42 g
= 0. 061 moles Mole of valence electrons in given mass of azide
ion is= 0. 061 × 16 (valence e of N )
− −
Number of valence electrons in one atom of N = 5

3
= 0. 99 ≈ 1
Hydrogen Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Very pure hydrogen gas is prepared by the action of pure (3) 3
dilute H 2
SO4 on (4) 4
(1) water
Q5. Which of the following atomic and physical properties of
(2) sodium hydride
hydrogen is false?
(3) magnesium ribbon
(1) Hydrogen > Deuterium > Tritium; (melting point /K )
(4) aluminium
(2) Hydrogen < Deuterium < Tritium; (boiling point /K )
Q2. In context with the industrial preparation of hydrogen (3) Hydrogen < Deuterium < Tritium; (density/ gL −1
)
from water gas (CO + H ), which of the following is the
2
(4) Hydrogen > Deuterium > Tritium; (\% relative
correct statement? abundance)

(1) CO is oxidised to CO with steam, in the presence of a
2
Q6. Dalda is prepared from oils by
catalyst followed by the dissolution of CO in water under
2
(1) Oxidation
ssure.
(2) Reduction
(2) CO and H are fractionally separated using the differences
2
(3) Hydrolysis
in their densities.
(4) Distillation
(3) CO is removed by absorption in aqueous Cu 2 Cl2 solution.
(4) H is removed through occlusion with Pd.
2
Q7. Determine the values of A, B, C and D shown in the
figure.
Q3. Hydrogen can be prepared by the action of dil. H 2 SO4 on
:-
(1) Cu
(2) Fe
(3) Pb
(4) Hg
Q4. Which of the following statements is not true for

hydrogen:
(1) SnO , 2 PbO3 , 2 ZnO3 , AlO
1) It exists as a diatomic molecule. 3 2
(2) 2SnO 2 2 PbO2 2ZnO2 AlO2

2) It has one electron in the outermost shell.
(3) SnO3
3) It can lose an electron to form a cation which can freely 13
(4) 3SnO 3 2 PbO3 2ZnOAlO2

exist
4) It cannot form ionic compounds. Q8. Number of electron-rich hydrides among the following
(1) 1 are: CH 4
, NH3 , PH3 , H2 O, H2 S, BH3 , HF, AIH3 , AsH3 .
(2) 2
Chemistry MathonGo
Q9. When electric current is passed through an ionic hydride Q14. Statements about heavy water are given below.
in the molten state, A. Heavy water is used in exchange reactions for the study of
(1) Hydrogen is liberated at the cathode reaction mechanisms.

(2) Hydrogen is liberated at the anode B. Heavy water is prepared by exhaustive electrolysis of
(3) Hydride ion migrates towards cathode water.
(4) No reaction takes place C. Heavy water has higher boiling point than ordinary water.
D. Viscosity of H 2O is greater than D 2O .
Q10. A commercial sample of hydrogen peroxide marked as
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given
100 volume H 2
O2 , it means that-
below:
(1) 1ml of H 2 O2 will give 100mlO at STP2
(1) A and C only

(2) 1 L of H 2 O2 will give 100mlO at STP2
(2) A, B and C only

(3) 1 L of H 2
O2 will give 22.4 L at STP
(3) A and B only
(4) 1ml of H 2 O2 will give 1 mole of O at STP 2
(4) A and D only

Q11. A sample of Hydrogen peroxide solution labelled as 28
Q15. Permanent hardness can be removed by adding
volume has density of 265 g/L. Mark the correct options(S)
(1) Cl 2
representing concentration of same solution in other units.
(2) Na 2 CO3
(1) Molarity of H 2 O2 = 2.8
(3) Ca(OCl)Cl
(2) Percentage w/v = 8.5
(4) K 2 CO3
(3) Mole fraction of H 2 O2 = 0.5
(4) Molality of H 2 O2 = 12.53 Q16. Which of the following ions will cause hardness of
sample water?
Q12. Consider the following equations:
2+
(1) Na +
2Fe + H2 O2 → xA + yB
(2) K +
(in basic medium)

− + ′ ′ ′
(3) Ca 2+
2MnO + 6H + 5H2 O2 → x C + y D + z E
4
(4) Li +
(in acidic medium)

The sum of the stoichiometric coefficients x, y, x , y and z ′ ′ ′
Q17. Which of the following statements about heavy water
for products A, B, C, D and E respectively, is are correct?

(a) Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors.
Q13. The reason of bleaching properties of H 2 O2 is
(b) Heavy water is more associated than ordinary water.
(1) Unstable nature
(c) Heavy water is a more effective solvent than ordinary
(2) Acidic nature
water.
(3) Reducing nature
(1) (b) and (c)
(4) Oxidising nature
Chemistry MathonGo
(2) (a) and (b) (4) (a) and (c)

(3) (a), (b) and (c)
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (3) Q2 (1) Q3 (2) Q4 (3)
Q5 (1) Q6 (2) Q7 (2) Q8 (6)
Q9 (2) Q10 (1) Q11 (2) Q12 (19)
Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (2) Q16 (3)
Q17 (2)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Q6.
Very pure hydrogen gas is prepared by the Dalda is an ester of saturated fatty acids,
action of pure dilute H 2
SO4 with magnesium. whereas oils are esters of unsaturated fatty
acids.
Hence oils (liquid glycerides) react with
Q2.
hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst
CO is oxidised to CO with steam in the

2 (like nickel) it gives saturated glycerides (semi-
presence of a catalyst, followed by the solid glycerides) i.e., fats. Thus, vegetable ghee
dissolution of CO in water under pressure.
2
(dalda) is obtained by the hydrogenation
catlayst
CO + H2 + H2 O −−
−−→ CO2 + 2H2 (reduction) of oils.
water gas steam
Oils + H → Dalda
And, 2
CO & H2 are not fractionally separated by Q7.

using the differences in their densities. Carbon
All the given metals are amphoteric in nature
monoxide is separated from hydrogen gas by
and thus, can react with aqueous alkali to give
passing it through water at a pressure of 30
hydrogen gas and double salts. The reactions
atmospheres due to which carbon monoxide is
are:
absorbed in water unlike hydrogen gas
Sn + 2NaOH → H2 + Na2 SnO2
CO is not removed by absorption in aqueous
Pb + 2NaOH → H2 + Na2 PbO2
Cu2 Cl2 solution.
Zn + 2NaOH → H2 + Na2 ZnO2
H2 is not removed through occlusion with Pd
Al + 2NaOH + 2H2 O → 3H2 + NaAlO2
Q3. Fe + H 2 SO4 ⟶ FeSO4 + H2
Q8.
Q4. When an atom of hydrogen loses an electron, it becomes
a proton that has an extremely small size (less than 10

−15
m
Hydrides of group 15, 16 and 17
), and therefore has difficulty in surviving. Generally, the ( i. e. , NH3 , PH3 , H2 O, H2 S, HF, AsH3 )
proton (H ) is captured by species having a lone pair of

+ have more electrons than required to form
electrons, like with the case of hydronium ions in water. normal covalent bonds and hence are called
electron-rich hydrides. These extra electrons are
Q5. Property T D H
present as lone pair electron on the central
Melting point (K) 20.62 > 18.5 > 13.9
metal. These lone pair electron makes atom
Boiling point (K) 24.9 > 23.5 > 20.4
electron rich atom.
Density (g/L) 0.27 > 0.18 > 0.09
Relative abundance (%) 10 −15

< 0.016 < 99.984
Chemistry MathonGo
Q9. M +
H
−
→ M
+
+ H
−
electrolysis of water.
hydride ion B. P. of D 2
O = 374. 4 K
H
−
→
1
2
H2 + e
−
(at anode) B. P. of H 2O = 373 K
Viscosity of H 2O = 0. 89 centipoise
Q10.
Viscosity of D 2
O = 1. 107 centipoise
If a commercial sample of hydrogen peroxide
Q15. Permanent hardness is removed by precipitating
marked as 100 volume H 2
O2 that means at STP,
carbonates of Ca 2+
and Mg
2+
.
100 ml of oxygen is liberated by 1 ml of this
CaCl2 + Na2 CO3 → CaCO3 ↓ +2NaCl
solution on heating.
Q16.
Q11.
Water containing soluble bicarbonate, chloride,
Given,
sulphate, etc. salts of calcium and magnesium is
Volume strength is 28.
known as hard water. This type of water does
volume strength
Then, Molarity is =
28
= 2. 5
11.2 11.2
not give lather with soap.
Percentage
Water which does not contain such salts is
volume strength×68 28×68
w
/v is = = 8. 5.
22.4 224
known as soft water. This water forms lather
Q12. with soap easily.

2+ 3+ −
(i) 2Fe + H2 O2 → 2Fe + 2OH
Q17. Heavy water is deuterium oxide (D 2 O) that contains
− + 2+
(ii) 2 MnO + 5H2 O2 + 6H ⟶ 2 Mn + 5O2 + 8H2 O
deuterium, (an isotope) heavier than the hydrogen.
4
So sum of (x + y + x 1
+ y
1 1
+ z )= 2 + 2 + 2 + 5 + 8 = 19
The difference increases the strength of water’s hydrogen-
oxygen bonds. Heavy water is also a commonly used
Q13. Oxidising nature moderator (medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons).
Hence, (a) and (b) statements are correct.

Q14.
Heavy water is used in exchange reactions for study of

reaction mechanisms Heavy water is prepared by exhaustive
s Block Elements Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Alakali metals (IA) are generally soluble with liquid ammonia Q8. ′
X
′
is an alkaline earth metal. It imparts brick red colour to the
(Liq. NH ) and provides blue colour solution and
3
Bunsen flame. Its oxide is basic in nature. The atomic
shows paramagnetic behavior, so what could be the reason to number of ′

X
′
is
provide blue colour and paramagnetic behavior?
−
Q9. On heating a mixture of one mole each Li 2 CO3 , MgCO
3
and
+
(1) [M(NH 3 )x ]
and [e(NH 3 )y ]
Na2 CO3 , the volume of CO evolved under STP condition
2
−
(2) [e(NH 3 )y ]
will be
−
+
(3) [e(NH 3)
y
] and [M(NH 3)
x
]
(1) 67.2 L
+
(4) [M(NH 3)
x
] (2) 33.6 L
(3) 44.8 L
Q2. Which of the following elements will form alkaline oxide?
(4) 22.4 L
(1) K
(2) P Q10. A compound X has the following characteristics:
(3) S a. It is used as a disinfectant.
(4) Cl b. It is used to prepare bleaching powder.
c. Its suspension in water is called milk of lime.
Q3. The combustion of sodium in excess air yields a higher oxide.
Then compound X is
What is the oxidation state of the oxygen in the product?
(1) Ca(OH) 2
Q4. A solid is a compound of group 1 element and it gives a bright

(2) CaO
red colour in the flame test. The solid is
(3) CaCO 3
(1) LiBr
(4) CaSO 4 2H2 O
(2) CsCl ∘
Δ,120 C
(3) KCl Q11.

CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2 O ⟶ A
In the above reaction, A and B,
∘
Δ,200 C
(4) NaCl CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2 O ⟶ B
respectively, are:
Q5. Find the sum of bond order between same bonded atoms in Q (1) CaSO 1
4, CaSO4 ⋅ H2 O
2
and R compounds. (2) CaSO ⋅

1
H2 O, CaSO4
4
2
(3) CaSO 4 ⋅
1
2
H2 O , Gypsum.
(4) Gypsum, CaSO . 4
Q12. Which of the following statements is true about Ca(OH) ? 2
Q6. 3. 88 g of a mixture of Na 2 CO3 and CaCO is heated to a

3 (1) It is used in the preparation of bleaching powder.
constant mass of 3.00 g. What was the mass of Na 2 CO3 (in (2) It is a light blue solid.
grams) in the mixture? (3) It does not possess disinfectant property.
(4) It is used in the manufacture of cement.
Q7. In the following reaction, find the number of products formed
which contain carbon atom(s): Q13. The metal showing a resemblance with lithium is:
Δ
Sodium bicarbonate ⟶ Products (1) Be
(2) Mg
Chemistry MathonGo
(3) Al Q15. Which of the following set contains pair of elements that do
(4) Na not belong to same group but show chemical resemblance?
(1) Hf , Zr
Q14. The moles of hydrocarbon produced by hydrolysis of 1 mole
(2) K, Rb
Mg C3
2
(magnesium carbide) is
(3) Be, Al
(4) B, Al
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (2) Q2 (1) Q3 (-1) Q4 (1)
Q5 (3.00) Q6 (1.88) Q7 (2) Q8 (20)
Q9 (3) Q10 (1) Q11 (2) Q12 (1)
Q13 (2) Q14 (1) Q15 (3)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. The colour is due to the presence of solvated electrons in ∴ (3. 88 − 3. 00 = 0. 88g) of CO is lost during heating.
2
ammonia. It also imparts paramagnetic character to the solution. 0. 88 g CO2 =

0.88
44
= 0. 02 mol CO2
From the reaction stoichiometry,

Q2.
0. 02 mol CO2 ≡ 0. 02 mol CaCO3
Alkaline metal have ns Electronic configuration.

1
0. 02 mol CaCO3 = 0. 02 × 100 = 2. 00g CaCO3
Alkali metal are placed in group 1 Of the periodic ∴ Mass of Na 2 CO3 in the mixture = 3. 88 − 2. 00 g = 1. 88 g
table. Δ
Q7. 2NaHCO 3 ⟶ Na2 CO3 + H2 O + CO2
Among the given elements, potassium is the only
Products containing C-atom: Na 2
CO3 and CO 2
element which is placed in group 1 of the periodic

table and has 4s Electronic configuration . So, it is an
1
Q8. Element 'X' is calcium. Calcium imparts brick red colour to the
alkali, and hence, it forms an alkaline oxide. Bunsen flame. Atomic number of calcium is 20 .
Phosphorous is placed in group 15, sulphur is placed in

Q9.
group 16, and chlorine is placed in group 17 of the
periodic table, and they are all non-metals. Hence, they Li2 CO3 and MgCO are thermally unstable and they
3
do not form alkaline oxides. decompose on heating. On the other hand, sodium
carbonate is thermally stable, which does not
Q3.
decompose on heating.
1
Na + O2 → Na2 O, Na2 O + O2 → Na2 O2
2
Li2 CO3 → Li2 O + CO2 (1 mole)
It exists as 2 Na and O
+ 2−
2
MgCO → MgO + CO2 (1 mole)
3
So oxidation state of O is −1
Na2 CO3 does not decompose.
Q4. Lithium and strontium salts impart bright red colour to the So, the total of 2 moles of CO gas is evolved by 2
flame and it says that it belongs to alkali metals which means it is heating the given mixture.
salt of lithium. The volume of 1 mole of CO gas at STP = 22. 4 L 2
The volume of 2 moles of CO gas 2
= 2 × 22. 4 L = 44. 8 L
Q10.
Q5.
Bleaching powder is prepared by passing chlorine gas
Bond order of [O − O] in H 2 O2 = 1.0
(Cl2 ) through a solution of calcium hydroxide
Bond order of [O − O] in O 2 = 2.0
Ca(OH)2 .
So sum of bond order between same bonded atoms in Q and R
The reaction that occurs is,
compounds = 1 + 2.0 = 3.0.
Ca(OH) +Cl2 (g)→CaOCl +H2 O.
2 2
Q6.
When an excess of calcium oxide is added to water,
Na2 CO3 does not decompose on heating.
Ca(OH)
2
forms,
CaCO3 decomposes to form CaO and CO . 2
CaO+H2 O→Ca(OH)
2
Δ
CaCO3 −
−→ CaO + CO2
∴ Loss in mass is due to loss of CO gas 2
Chemistry MathonGo
It partially dissolves in water to produce a solution 2. Their hardness is higher than the other elements
called lime water, which is a moderate base. in their respective groups.
3. They react with nitrogen to form their respective

Ca(OH)
2
is highly basic and antibacterial due to
nitrides.
which it is used as a disinfectant.
4. On heating their carbonates, they yield their
Q11. respective oxides along with the liberation of
at 1 1
carbon dioxide.
CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2 O o
CaSO4 ⋅ H2 O + 1 H2 O
120 C 2 2
The commercial name of the compound Calcium Q14.
sulphate hemihydrate, i.e., Plaster of Paris.

Δ, 200°C
MgC
2
on heating gives Mg 2
C3 . This carbide contains
CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2 O −−−−→ anhydrous CaSO4 + 2H2 O
C
4−
3
units and reacts with water to form
Anhydrous calcium sulphate formed this way is
propyne (methyl acetylene).
commonly called dead burnt plaster.
Mg C3 + 4H2 O ⟶ 2 Mg (OH) + CH3 − C ≡ CH
2 2
Propyne ( 1 mole )
Q12.
Q15.
Calcium hydroxide reacts with chlorine to form 1.
calcium hypochlorite, which is a component of Hf and Zr both are d block elements, both belonging to the group
bleaching powder. 4 of the periodic table.
The reaction is as follows: 2.
2 Ca (OH)
2
+ 2 Cl2 → Ca (OCl)
2
+ CaCl2 + 2H2 O
K and Rb both are S block elements, both belonging to the group
1 of the periodic table.
Q13.
3.
The diagonally adjacent elements of period 2 and 3 Be belongs to the group 2 and Al belongs to the group 13 of the
show similarity in their properties, which is known as periodic table.
diagonal relationship. This is accounted to the But they show resemblance in properties due to:
similarity in the ionic radii of these elements or their a) similar charge/ size ratio
charge to size ratio. Examples of such elements are: Li b) similar electronegativity.
and Mg; Be and Al. This is due to the diagonal relationship between
In Mg, there is an increase in the number of shells, Be and Al.
along with the completely filled valence shell, due to 4) B and Al both are p block elements, both belonging to group
which its size is comparable to that of Li. Some of the 13 of the periodic table.
similarities between Li and Mg are:
1. Both Li and Mg form covalent organometallic

compounds.
p Block Elements (Group 13 & 14) Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Three moles of B 2 H6 are completely reacted with methanol. Q7. Aluminium (III) chloride forms a dimer because aluminium:
The number of moles of boron containing product formed is (1) Cannot form a trimer.
(2) Has high ionisation energy.

Q2. On addition of mineral acid to an aqueous solution of borax,
(3) Belongs to third group.
the compound that is formed is:
(4) Can have higher coordination number.
(1) Pyroboric acid
(2) Boron hydride Q8. Which of the following is the correct order of stability of
(3) Meta boric acid allotropes of carbon?
(4) Orthoboric acid (1) Diamond < graphite < fullerene
(2) Fullerene < graphite < diamond

Q3. In borax if m is number of hydroxy groups and ' n ' is
(3) Graphite < fullerene < diamond
number of water molecules. What is the sum of m + n ?
(4) Fullerene < diamond < graphite
Q4. Which of the following lewis acidity order of BX is 3
Q9. Which of the following halogen oxides is used for the

correct?
estimation of carbon monoxide in automobile exhaust gases?
(1) BF 3 < BCl3 < BBr3 < BI3
(1) Cl 2
O7
(2) BF 3
> BCl3 > BBr3 > BI3
(2) I 2 O5
(3) BCl 3 < BBr3 < BI3 < BF3
(3) ClO 2
(4) BF 3 < BI3 < BBr3 < BCl3
(4) BrO 3
Q5. Hydrated aluminium chloride is ionic compound and

Q10. The number and type of bonds between two carbon atoms
soluble in water giving
in CaC are 2
(1) Al 3+
and Cl ions.
−
3+
(1) One sigma (σ) and one pi (π) bond
(2) [Al(H 2 O)6 ] and Cl ions.
−
(2) One sigma (σ) and one and half pi (π) bond
(3) [Al(OH) and Cl
3− −
6]
(3) One sigma (σ) bond

(4) None of these.
(4) One sigma (σ) and two pi (π) bond
Q6. The incorrect statement regarding above reactions is
Q11. Total number of oxygen atom(s) which act(s) as a bridge
between any two silicon atoms in a mineral with composition
′
MM Si3 Ox (M = divalent metal ion and M ′
= tetravalent metal
ion ).
(1) Al shows amphoteric character Q12. In the basic structural unit of silicates, the number of
(2) Gas P and Q are different oxygen atoms bonded to each Si atom is
(3) Both X and Y are water soluble
Q13. Total number of substances, which contain hexagonal
(4) Gas Q in inflammable
planar rings in their structures graphite, (BN) x
, B 3 N3 H6 , C 6 H6
Chemistry MathonGo
, Q14. 27 g of Al was treated with NaOH solution when a white

B 2 H6 , H3 P 3 O 9 gelatinous precipitate was obtained which upon strong heating
gave an oxide. The amount of oxide (in g ) is
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (6) Q2 (4) Q3 (12) Q4 (1)
Q5 (2) Q6 (2) Q7 (4) Q8 (4)
Q9 (2) Q10 (4) Q11 (3) Q12 (4)
Q13 (4) Q14 (51)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. B 2 H6 + 6CH3 OH ⟶ 2B(OCH3 )

3
+ 6H2 Q6. These reactions represent amphoteric nature of aluminium
For 3 moles of B 2
H6 mole of B containing product formed = 6 and both P and Q are hydrogen and the salts X(AlCl 3
) and
Y(Na[Al(OH)4 ] are water-soluble. Hydrogen is flammable gas

Q2. N a 2 B4 O 7 + H2 SO4 + 5H2 O → N a2 SO4 + 4H3 BO3
Addition of mineral acid to an aqueous solution of borax,

orthoboric acid is formed.
Q3. Borax is Na 2 [B4 O5 (OH)4 ]8H2 O
m = 4, n = 8
m + n = 4 + 8 = 12
Q7.
Q4.
A Lewis acid is a chemical species that contains an AlCl3 has a high coordination number. It exists in
empty orbital which is capable of accepting an electron dimer form and the formula of the dimeric form is
pair from a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct. Al2 Cl6 . It has vacant d -orbitals which can absorb
This can be explained on the basis of tendency of halogen atom electrons from the chlorine atom. It is an electron-
to back donate its lone pair of electrons to the empty p-orbital of deficient compound in Al (octet incomplete), so it
boron atom through pπ − pπbonding. As this tenedency is acts as a Lewis acid, and Al completes it by taking
higher in case of F (due to identical size of 2p- orbitals of boron an electron pair from Cl-atoms:
and fluorine) the electron deficiency of boron decreases and

thus BF behaves as weakest Lewis acid. As the size of halogen
3
atom increases from Cl to I , the tendency for back donation
decreases and consequently the electron deficiency of

boron increases and Lewis acid character increases accordingly
from BF 3 to BI3 .
Q8. This problem is based on the stability of allotropes of
carbon. Use the physical properties of allotropes of carbon. Use
enthalpy of formation to solve the problem..
We know diamond is the hardest known material that's why

BF3 < BCl3 < BBr3 < BI3
many students get confused that diamond is the most stable
Q5. material but this is wrong. The most stable allotrope of carbon is
When anhydrous AlCl is hydrated, the energy (hydration
3 graphite.
energy) released is enough to overcome the ionization enthalpy The fullerene is least stable among these three is due to strained
of Al. Hence, hydrated AlCl is ionic in nature due to the
3 molecule. Graphite has maximum stability due to high negative
3+
presence of [Al (H 2
O) ]
6
and Cl ions.
−
value of enthalpy of formation.
Q9.
Chemistry MathonGo
Iodine pentoxide oxidizes CO to carbon dioxide planar structure. All others are six member planar
and reduces itself to iodine. And the iodine structures.
released is reacted with Na 2 S2 O 3 to estimate the

amount of iodine is released and from that amount
of carbon monoxide can be estimated. The
reactions are as follows.

5CO + I2 O5 → 5CO2 + I2
I2 + 2Na2 S2 O3 → 2NaI + Na2 S4 O6
Q10. The structure of CaC2 is :

hybridisation with planar structure.
−
2
C sp
⎡ ⎤
+2
⎢ ||| ⎥ Ca
⎣ − ⎦
C
Q11.
4−
The (SiO4 ) tetrahedral units are linked
together provides a convenient classification

of the silicate and Si3 O6−
9
is cyclic silicates.
In which, 2 oxygen atoms per tetrahedral are
shared, ring structure may be formed of

2n−
general formula (SiO3 )n . Ring containing
3 4, 6 or 8 tetrahedral units are known but
sp
2
3 & 6 are the most common.
The Cyclic ions Si 3

O
6−
9
occurs in benitoite
Ba
2+
Ti
4+
[Si3 O9 ] .
Q12.
The basic structural unit of silicates is SiO 4−
Each Si atom is bonded to 4 oxygen atoms.
sp
2
Q13.
From the below structures, we can see that all are

six member rings, except B 2 H6 and in case of
H3 P 3 O 9 , hybridisation of P is sp , which is not a

3
Chemistry MathonGo
sp
2
sp
3
hybridisation of each phosphorous.
Q14.
Following reaction takes place when Al reacts

with NaOH.
NaOH Δ
2Al −−
−→ 2A(OH) → Al2 O3
2 moles of Al (54 g) react with NaOH to

produce 1 mole of Al 2 O3 (102 g) .
So,1 (27 g)mole of Al reacts withNaOH to

produce 51 g of Al 2 O3 .
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. Metal occur in the native from because of their (2) a − ii, b − iii, c − i, d − iv
(1) High electronegativity (3) a − ii, b − iii, c − iv, d − i
(2) High reactivity (4) a − ii, b − iv, c − iii, d − i

(3) Low reactivity
Q5. Among the following which metal is not refined by
(4) Low density
liquation?
Q2. Which one of the following ores is best concentrated (1) Si

by froth-floatation method? (2) Pb
(1) Magnetite (3) Sn
(2) Cassiterite (4) Bi

(3) Galena
Q6. In Van Arkel method, if I is introduced at 1800 K over
2
(4) Malachite
impure zirconium metal, the product will be
Q3. Autoreduction process is used in the extraction of (1) iodide of the metal.
(1) Cu and Hg (2) pure metal.
(2) Hg and Zn (3) impurities react with iodine.
(3) Cu and Al (4) none of these.

(4) Fe and Pb
Q7. Which one of the following set of metals deposit as
Q4. Match list-I with list-II : anode mud during the process of electrolytic refining of
List - I List - II copper?

(1) Sn and Ag
(a) Mercury (i) Vapour phase refining
(2) Pb and Zn
(b) Copper (ii) Distillation refining
(3) Ag and Au
(c) Silicon (iii) Electrolytic refining
(4) Fe and Ni
(d) Nickel (iv) Zone refining
Q8. Extraction of gold and silver involves leaching with
CN
−
ion. Silver or gold is later recovered by:
(1) Liquation
Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given
(2) Distillation
below:
(3) Zone refining
(1) a − i, b − iv, c − ii, d − iii
(4) Displacement with Zn
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (3) Q2 (3) Q3 (1) Q4 (3)
Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (4)
Chemistry MathonGo
>1800 K
Q1. Zrl4 −−−−→ Zr(pure)+2I2
Metal occur in the native from because of their less reactive and hence over 1800°C practically no
metals are found in native state (free state). reaction can take place between Zr and I . 2
Less reactive metal means it has low ionisation energy that Therefore, option (4) is correct.
means it can easily give electrons to show its reactivity.
Q7. During electrolytic refining of copper, impurities of
Q2. Froth floatation process is generally used to silver (Ag) , gold (Au), platinum (Pt) and selenium (Se)
concentrate sulphide ore (Galena is PbS) being less electropositive are not affected by electrolytic
solution of acidified copper sulphate. Thus, these settle
Q3. Autoreduction is used for sulphide ore of less
down under the anode as anode mud or anode sludge.
electropositive metals like Hg , Pb and Cu
Q8. Zinc metal can displace Ag and Au as Zn being more

Q4. (a) Mercury → Distillation refining
reactive than Ag and Au. The following reactions are
(b) Copper → Electrolytic refining
involved in the extraction of gold or silver from their native
(c) Silicon → Zone refining
ores.
(d) Nickel → Vapour phase refining
From Native ore,
Q5. Because liquation is done for low melting metals. Leaching
4Ag + 8NaCN + 2H2 O + O2 ⟶
4Na [Ag(CN)2 ] + 4NaOH
Q6. Na [Ag(CN)2 ] is Sodium dicyanoargentate (I) (Soluble)

Displacement
2Na [Ag(CN)2 ] + Zn ⟶ Na2 [Zn(CN)4 ] + 2Ag ↓

<1800 K
Zr(impure)+2I2 −−−−→ Zrl4 ;
p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 & 18) Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. The reddish brown coloured gas formed when nitric oxide is Q7. There are three main well known allotropes of phosphorous in
oxidised by air is which one form is interconvertable to other as
(1) N 2 O5
(2) N 2 O4
(3) NO 2
[X], [Y] and [Z] represent the

(4) N 2 O3
(1) Red P, white P and black P respectively

Q2. Select the correct match for List −I (substances) with List -II
(2) White P, red P, and black P respectively
(processes) employed in the manufacture of the substances.
(3) Black P, red P and white P respectively
List -I List -II
(4) Red P, black P and white P respectively
A Sulphuric acid P Haber's process
B Steel Q Bessemer process

Q8. Which is correct option for sulphur dioxide (SO 2) molecule
C Sodium bicarbonate R Leblanc process
D Ammonia S Contact process (1) Polar molecule with polar bonds.

T Solvay process
(2) Polar molecule with non-polar bonds.
(1) (A) → (S); (B) → (R); (C) → (P); (D) → (Q)
(3) Non-polar molecule with polar bonds.
(2) (A) → (P); (B) → (Q); (C) → (R); (D) → (S)
(4) Non-polar molecule with non-polar bonds.
(3) (A) → (S); (B) → (Q); (C) → (T); (D) → (P)
Q9. Which of the following oxoacid of sulphur has - O- O- linkage?
(4) (A) → (S); (B) → (T); (C) → (P); (D) → (R)
(1) H 2 SO4 , sulphuric acid
Q3. Anomalous behavior of nitrogen is due to
(2) H 2 S2 O 8 , peroxodisulphuric acid
(1) small size and high electronegativity
(3) H 2 S2 O 7 , pyrosulphuric acid
(2) non-availability of d-orbitals in valency shells
(4) H 2 SO3 , sulphurous acid
(3) ease of multiple bond formation
Q10. Sodium thiosulphate is prepared by
(4) all of the above
(1) reducing Na 2 SO4 solution with H 2 S
Q4. Structure of NH is: 3

(2) boiling Na 2 SO3 solution with S in alkaline medium
(1) Trigonal
(3) neutralising H 2 S2 O 3 solution with NaOH
(2) Tetrahedral
(4) boiling Na 2 SO3 solution with S in acidic medium
(3) Pyramidal
Q11. Which of the following is the correct order of melting points of
(4) Trigonal bipyramidal
group 16 elements?
Q5. How many bridging oxygen atoms are present in P 4 O10 ?
(1) O < S < Se < Te < Po
(1) 5
(2) O < Se < S < Te < Po
(2) 6
(3) O < S < Se < Te > Po
(3) 4
(4) O < S < Se > Te < Po
(4) 2
Q12. Which of the following can attack glass?
Q6. NH is basic while PH is
3 3
(1) H 2
SO4
(1) acidic
(2) HI
(2) neutral
(3) HCl
(3) amphoteric
(4) HF
(4) basic
Q13. Fluorine has low electron affinity than chlorine because of
Chemistry MathonGo
(1) Bigger radius of fluorine, less density (1) a, b and d

(2) Smaller radius of fluorine, high density (2) a, b and c
(3) Smaller radius of chlorine, high density (3) Both a and b

(4) Smaller radius of chlorine, less density (4) a, b, c and d
Q14. When a chlorine gas is treated with barium hydroxide it produces Q17. Which halogen shows the maximum oxidation state in forming
[X], barium chloride and water, when sulphuric acid is interhalogen compound?
added to [X], it produced [Y] and barium sulphate. When Y is heated (1) F
above 365 K, it produces Z and H2O. [ Y ] and [ Z ] (2) Br
refers to (3) Cl
(1) HCIO 4, CIO2 (4) I
(2) HClO 3
, CIO2
Q18. Which inert gas shows abnormal behaviour on liquefaction?
(3) HCIO 3, CIO6
(1) Xe
(4) HCIO 4, CI2 O7
(2) He
Q15. Bleaching powder produces chloroform on reaction with (3) Ar
(1) Phenol (4) Kr

(2) Nitric acid
Q19. XeF dissolves in anhydrous HF to give a conducting solution
6
(3) Amine
which contains
(4) Acetone
(1) H and XeF ions.
+ −
Q16. Which of the following is a correct match? (2) HF and XeF ions.
−
2
+
a. H 2O > H2 S > H2 Se > H2 Te : Thermal stability (3) HXeF and F ions.

+
6
−
b. He < Ne < Ar < Kr < Xe : Ease of liquefaction (4) None of these.

c. HF > HI > HBr > HCl : Order of boiling point
d. H 2O < H2 S < H2 Se < H2 Te : Reducing character
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (3) Q2 (3) Q3 (4) Q4 (3)
Q5 (2) Q6 (4) Q7 (2) Q8 (1)
Q9 (2) Q10 (2) Q11 (3) Q12 (4)
Q13 (2) Q14 (2) Q15 (4) Q16 (4)
Q17 (4) Q18 (2) Q19 (2)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1.
The reddish brown coloured gas formed when nitric oxide

is oxidised by air is NO . 2
2NO + O2 → 2 NO2 .
Nitric oxide is colourless, flammable gas with a slight
odour. Nitrogen dioxide is a deep red-orange gas that is
poisonous but not flammable.

NO2 is an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of nitric
acid. P4 O10 is a dimer of P O5 . The oxygen acts as a bridging
2
atom. In the structure, it is clearly visible that there are

Q2. S Q T P
six bridging oxygen atoms present.

Q3.
Q6.
The anomalous behaviour of nitrogen is due to following reasons.
1. Small size and high electronegativity in the group. PH3 is also basic in nature, but PH is less basic in
3
2. Non-availability of vacant d−orbitals in valency shells. comparison to NH . The stability of hydrides decreases
3
3. Ease of multiple bond formation due to effective pπ − pπ down the group.

overlapping.
Q4.
Ammonia molecule is trigonal pyramidal with the nitrogen

at the apex. The N atom in NH3 is sp hybridised
3
containing lone pair of electrons due to which the bond

The order of basicity hydrides of Group 15 elements is
angle H − N − H is 107. 5°. It has three bond pairs and
shown below:
one lone pair of electrons
NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 ≥ BiH3 .
Q7. This problem is based on the preparation and interconversion of

different types of phosphorous. Students must be familiar with condition
of these interconversions.
Synthesis of red and black phosphorus

White phosphorus is converted to red phosphorus on heating at 573 K.
Red phosphorous so formed is heated under high pressure to produces

black P.
Q5.
73 K Δ
White P −−−−→ Red P −−
−→ Black P
Inert High p
atmosphere
Q8. SO molecule is having polar S − O bonds and its dipole moment is

2
non-zero so, it is polar molecule.
Chemistry MathonGo
Electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released on the

addition of an electron to an atom.
Fluorine has a lower electron affinity than chlorine because of its smaller
Q9. size with 2p-orbitals, where the interelectronic repulsion is more.
Q10.
The orbital configuration of 7F can be shwon as under :
In the acidified medium Na 2 S2 O 3 is unstable
Q11.
The orbital configuration of 17
Cl can be shown as under :
Melting point is the temperature where a solid is converted
to liquid, both solids and liquids are in equilibrium.

Parameters which affect melting point are:
Ionic bonds.
Intermolecular force.
Shape of molecules.
In fluorine, the valence electrons are present in the 2p-orbitals, which are
Size of molecules.
smaller in size than the 3p-orbitals of chlroine. Due to a small orbital
One of the weak intermolecular force is Vanderwaal's size, the electrons in fluorine are crowded, and experience greater inter-
force. electronic repulsions. This high electron density makes fluorine
Down the group, the size of the molecule increases Thus, reluctant to accept an electron, and therefore, it requires a supply of
Vanderwaal's force increases and the melting point also energy for the addition of an electron to it. This decreases the amount of
increases. energy released by it, and thus, fuorine has a lower negative electron
affinity than chlorine.

But Polonium (Po)shows less melting point
than Tellurium (Te) due to decrease in Vanderwaal's

So, the correct reason for fluorine having a lower electron affinity than
radius.
chlorine is, its small atomic radius, and high electron density.
Q12.
Q14. This problem is based on the concept of preparation and properties
Glass being a mixture of sodium and calcium silicates of oxo acid of chlorine. to solve this problem, draw the road map of
reacts with hydrofluoric (HF) and forming sodium and problem given followed by choosing the correct option out of given four.
calcium fluorosilicates respectively. So, HF is not stored in 6 Cl2 +2 Ba (OH) → Ba(ClO3 ) + 5BaCl2 + 6H2 O
2 2
X
glass vessels.
Ba(ClO3 ) + H2 SO4 → 2HClO3 + BaSO4
2
Na2 SiO3 + 3H2 F2 → Na2 SiF4 + 3H2 O X
Δ
1
CaSiO3 + 3H2 F2 → CaSiF4 + 3H2 O
2HClO3 −−−−→ 2ClO2 + H2 O + O2
2
Δ>365 K Z
The etching of glass is based on these reactions.
Q15.
Q13.
CaOCl2 is known as bleaching powder.
Chemistry MathonGo
CHCl3 is known as chloroform. indicated as AX, AX3 , AX5 and AX7 .Where A is
CaOCl2 + H2 O → Ca(OH)
2
+ Cl2 halogen of larger size and X of smaller size.
CH3 CCl3
| |
C = O + 3Cl2 → C = O + 3HCl All halogens exhibit −1 oxidation state. However,

| |
CH3 CH3
Chlorine, bromine and iodine exhibit exhibit
CCl3 CH3 COO
| |
2 C = O + Ca(OH) → Ca + 2CHCl3
+1, + 3, + 5 and + 7 oxidation states. Fluorine being
2
| |
CH3 CH3 COO the most electronegative element, it exhibits −1 oxidation
Q16. state. The fluorine atom has no d-orbitals in its valence

shell and therefore cannot expand its octet.
The thermal stability of the hydrides of group 16 elements
The higher oxidation states of chlorine, bromine and iodine
decreases down the group due to a decrease in M − H
are possible when they combine with small and more
bond dissociation energy with an increase in the size of the
electronegative elements such as fluorine and oxygen. For
central atom.
e.g, in interhalogens, oxides and oxoacids.
More the atomic size, more the inter molecular forces (Van
As the ratio between radii of A and X increases, the
der Waals forces). So, less is the ease of liquefaction.
number of atoms per molecule also increases. Thus, iodine
The boiling point order: HF > HI > HBr > HCl. fluoride should have maximum number of atoms and
HF is hydrogen bonded, thus has the highest boiling point. formula is IF . Oxidation number of iodine in IF is +7.
7 7
The boiling point of the remaining halides depends on the So, iodine exhibit maximum oxidation state of +7 in
Van der Waals forces. Larger the size, higher is the boiling forming interhalogen compound.
point.
Q18.
From the top to the bottom in the group, atomic size

If helium is compressed and liquefied, it forms He(I)
increases and the ionization enthalpy decreases. Hence,
liquid at 4. 2 K. This liquid is a normal liquid like any
acidic nature of hydrides increases. That means it can
other liquid. But if it is further cooled, He(II) is obtained at
accept the electron easily.
2. 2 K, which is known as a superfluid, because it is a
Q17. liquid with the properties of a gas. It climbs up the walls of

the container and comes out. It has very high thermal
When two different halogens react with each other,
conductivity and very low viscosity.
interhalogen compounds are formed. Generally, they are
Q19. HF + XeF 6 → XeF
+
5
+ HF
−
d and f Block Elements Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. The transition elements exhibit variable oxidation states because Q9. Which of the following statement is correct when a mixture of NaCl and
(1) they form large number of complexes K2 Cr2 O7 is gently warmed with conc. H 2
SO4 ?
(2) (n − 1)d and ns electrons are of nearly the same energy level 1. A deep red vapour is evolved
(3) they have high density 2. The vapour when passed into NaOH solution gives a yellow solution of
(4) they have high melting and boiling points Na2 CrO4
3. Chlorine gas is evolved

Q2. There is no d − d transition in Cu but Cu +
2O is coloured due to
4. Chromyl chloride is formed
(1) The presence of unpaired electron
(1) 1, 2, 4
(2) The presence of coloured O 2−
ion
(2) 1, 2, 3
(3) Charge transfer from oxygen to metal
(3) 2, 3, 4
(4) Charge transfer from metal to oxygen
(4) all are correct
Q3. How many of the following elements belong to 5d series? Hf,
Q10. Potassium permanganate works as oxidising agent both in acidic and basic
Cd, Cu, Hg, Y, Ag, Pt, Ac
medium. In both state, product obtained by KMnO is respectively

4
Q4. Which one of the following is not coloured? (1) MnO −

and Mn 3+
2
(1) Cu 2+
(2) Mn 3+
and Mn 3+
(2) Cu +
(3) Mn 2+
and Mn 3+
(3) N i 2+
(4) Mn 2+
and MnO 2
(4) F e 3+
Q11. Potassium permanganate on heating at 513 K gives a product which is :

Q5. Number of H 2O molecule which is bonded by hydrogen bonding in (1) paramagnetic and colourless
CuSO4 ⋅ 5H2 O : (2) diamagnetic and colourless
(1) 5 (3) diamagnetic and green
(2) 4 (4) paramagnetic and green
(3) 3
Q12. The statement about cerium which is not true:
(4) 1
(1) The common oxidation states of cerium are +3 and +4.
Q6. Which of the following characteristics of the transition metals is associated (2) The +3 oxidation state of cerium is more stable than +4 oxidation state.
with their catalytic activity? (3) Cerium (III) acts as an oxidising agent.
(1) Color of hydrated ions (4) The +4 oxidation state of cerium is known in solution.
(2) Diamagnetic behavior
Q13. Which of the following statement is not correct :-
(3) Paramagnetic behavior
(1) In the transition elements the incoming e-occupy (n − 1)d subshell in
(4) Variable oxidation
preference to np.
Q7. The reaction of K 2 Cr2 O7 with NaCl and concentrated H 2 SO4 gives (2) Elements having atomic number 57 to 71 belong to same group
(1) CrCl 3
(3) Lanthanum is the first element of Lanthanoids
(2) CrOCl 2
(4) Actinium violates the Aufbau's principle
(3) CrO 2 Cl2
Q14. The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that:

(4) Cr 2
O3
(1) Zr and Y have about the same radius

Q8. When sodium dichromate is treated with KCl, it produces orange crystals of (2) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state
compound [A] which is treated with conc. H 2 SO4 and soluble KCl produces deep (3) Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state
red vapour of [B]. Identify [A] and [B]. (4) Zr and Hf have about the same radius
(1) [A] is K 2 CrO4 and [B] is CrO 2 Cl2
Q15. In which of the following lanthanides, oxidation state +2 is the most stable?
(2) [A] is K 2 Cr2 O7 and [B] is CrO 3
(1) Ce
(3) [A] is K 2
Cr2 O7 and [B] is CrO 2
Cl2
(2) Eu
(4) [A] is K 2 CrO4 and [B] is CrO 3
(3) Tb
Chemistry MathonGo
(4) Dy
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (2) Q2 (3) Q3 (3) Q4 (2)
Q5 (4) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (3)
Q9 (1) Q10 (4) Q11 (4) Q12 (3)
Q13 (3) Q14 (4) Q15 (2)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1.
Transition elements are those elements in which, partially filled d−

orbitals are present, either in their atomic state or in ionic state. The
electrons present in (n – 1)d and ns orbitals are of nearly the same

energy level, due to which, the transition elements exhibit variable
oxidation states. Both the energy levels can be used for bond
formation.
Q2. There is no d − d transition in Cu because d− orbital is completely filled,

+
but Cu 2O is coloured due to charge transfer from oxygen to metal which can
undergo an electronic transition into an excited electronic state.
Q3. H f , Hg and P t belong to 5d series.
Q4. Transition metal having electronic configuration (n − 1)d 1−9

forms coloured
ion.
2+ 9
Cu (Z = 29):[Ar]3d
+ 10
Cu (Z = 29):[Ar]3d
2+ 8
Ni (Z = 28):[Ar]3d
3+ 5
Fe (Z = 26):[Ar]3d
Hence, Cu ion is not coloured.

+
Q5.
When CuSO 4. 5H2 O undergo dissociation, then following reaction takes place:
CuSO4 . 5H2 O → CuSO4 . 4H2 O + H2 O
The one water molecule is released because it is bonded through hydrogen

bonding. Which can also be represented in its structure as below:
Q6.
Catalytic activity is the increase in the rate of a specified chemical reaction caused
by catalyst under specified conditions. Catalysis at a solid surface involve the
formation of bonds between reactant molecules and atoms of the surface of the
catalyst. This has the effect of increasing the concentration of the reactants at the
catalyst surface. Also, because the transition metal ions can change their oxidation
states, they become more effective as catalysts.
Transition elements exhibit variable valency to form intermediate compounds.

Hence they act as a good catalyst. The catalytic activity of the transition metals
and their compounds is described to their ability to adopt multiple oxidation states
and their complexing ability.
Q7.
On heating a mixture of NaCl, K 2

Cr2 O7 and concentrated H 2
SO4 ,
red vapour chromyl chloride (CrO 2 Cl2 ) is obtained.

(i) K2 Cr2 O7 + H2 SO4 → 2 KHSO4 + 2 CrO3 + H2 O
(ii) NaCl + H2 SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl
(iii) CrO3 + 2 HCl → CrO2 Cl2

From ( i ) From ( ii ) ( Chromy chloride )
( Red vopour )
Chemistry MathonGo
(iv) CrO2 Cl2 + 2NaOH → Na2 CrO4 + 2 HCl 1. In the transition elements the incoming electron occupy (n − 1)d subshell in
( Yellow solution )
preference to np.
2. Elements having atomic number 57 to 71

Q8. This problem includes, mixing of preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7
belong to same group i.e IIIB group of sixth period. These are also known as
involving chromyl chloride test. Lanthanoids.
Preparation of K2Cr2O7 When sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7 is treated with 3. Cerium is the first element of Lanthanoids.
KCl it converts into K2Cr2O7. K2Cr2O7 is more stable than Na2Cr2O7. The 4. Actinium violates the Aufbau's principle since last electron enters in 6d instead
chemical reaction occurs during this transformation is as follows. of 5f .
Na2Cr2O7 + 2KCl → K2Cr2O7 + 2NaCl
Properties of K2Cr2O7 - K2Cr2O7 on reaction with conc. H2SO4 and water
soluble inorganic compounds containing chloride ion produces deep red vapours
Q14.
of CrO2Cl2. This process is used to identification of chloride ion in inorganic salt.
Zr and Hf belong to 4d & 5d series in same group have same atomic size due to
this test is know as chromyl chloride test.
Lanthanide Contraction.
The reaction occurs during chromyl chloride test is as follows.
The major cause for lanthanide contraction is due to the inappropriate shielding of
Δ
K2 Cr2 O7 + 2H2 SO4 → 2KHSO4 + 2CrO3 + H2 O
conc.
red
the 4f electrons due to the improper shape of the f-orbitals. As the atomic number
NaCl + H2 SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl increases in the lanthanide series, for every proton in the nucleus the extra electron
conc.
CrO3 + 2HCl → CrO2 Cl2 + H2 O goes to fill the 4f-orbitals.

chromyl chloride
( deep red vapour )
Q15.
Q9.
4NaCl + K2 Cr2 O7 + 6H2 SO4 (conc.)→ 2 KHSO4 + 4 NaHSO4 + 2 CrO2 Cl2 Europium is a lanthanide with an atomic number 63. Its electronic
( orange red )
Chromyl chloride
configuration is[Xe]4f 7
6s
2
.
+ 3H2 O
In its +2 Oxidation state, it will lose 2 electrons from its outermost
shell, which gives the final oxidation state as [Xe]4f . In this final
7
Chromyl chloride vapours when passed through NaOH solution gives a yellow
oxidation state, Eu +2
possesses half-filled 4f - orbital which
solution of Na 2 CrO4 .
contributes to the stability of ion.
CrO2 Cl2 + 4NaOH → Na2 CrO4 + 2NaCl + 2H2 O
Q10.
(i) In alkaline medium, KMnO first reduces to manganate and

4
then insoluble manganese dioxide.

−
−
(Basic medium) 2 MnO + H2 O → MnO2 + 2OH + 3[O]
4
(ii) In acidic medium:

− + − +2
MnO + 8H + 5e → Mn + 4H2 O
4
Mn give five electrons [oxidizing agent] .
2 KMnO4 ⟶ K2 MnO4 + MnO2 ( s) + O2
Q11. Purple Green
(Diamagnetic ) (Paramagnetic)
Q12. +4 oxidation state of cerium is also known in solutions.

1 0 2
4 f 5d 6S
2 0 2
4 f 5d 6S
The high charge on Ce 4+

leads to high hydration, hydrated Ce 4+
is hydrolysed
giving polymeric species & H . Ce(4+) is stable in strongly acidic solutions &
+
used as oxidising agent in volumetric analysis.
Q13.
Coordination Compounds Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1. [EDTA] 4−
is a (1) 34
(1) nodentate ligand. (2) 35
(2) bidentate ligand. (3) 36

(3) quadridentate ligand (4) 37
(4) hexadentate ligand.
Q4. Which of the following represents a chelating ligand
Q2. The CORRECT Sidgwick structure for a ferrocyanide (1) H 2O
complex is (2) OH −
(3) DMG
(4) Cl −
Q5. Medicines used in the treatment of cancer patients

involves, which of the following complex compound?
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4) Q6. The IUPAC name of the complex
[Pt(NH3 ) Br (NO2 ) Cl] Cl

3
is
Q3. In the carbonyl compound Fe 2 (CO)9 what is the EAN
(1) Triamminechlorobromonitroplatinum (IV) chloride.
of Fe:
Chemistry MathonGo
(2) Triamminebromonitrochloroplatinum (IV) chloride

(3) Triamminebromidochloridonitroplatinum (IV) chloride
(4) Triamminenitrochlorobromoplatinum (IV) chloride
Q7. The compounds [Co (SO 4) (NH3 ) ] Br

5
and
[Co (SO4 ) (NH3 ) ] Cl
5
represent (4)
(1) linkage isomerism
Q9. The octahedral complex CoSO 4
Cl.5NH3 exists in two
(2) ionisation isomerism
isomeric forms, X and Y. Isomer X reacts with AgNO to 3
(3) coordination isomerism

give a white precipitate, but does not react with BaCl 2.
(4) no isomerism
Isomer Y gives a white precipitate with BaCl , but does 2
Q8. The phenomenon of optical activity will be shown by not react with AgNO 3
.X and Y are:
(1) Ionization isomers
(2) Linkage isomers
(3) Coordination isomers

(4) Solvent isomers
Q10. The complex that can show f ac - and mer -isomers
(1) is:
+
(1) [Co(NH 3)
4
Cl2 ]
(2) [Pt(NH 3
) Cl2 ]
2
(3) [CoCl 2 (en)2 ]
(4) [Co(NH 3)
3
(NO2 ) ]
3
Q11. Complex [Co(en) 2 Cl2 ] Cl has number of possible

(2)
isomers. (en = ethylenediamine)
(1) 2
(2) 1
(3) 3
(4) 4
(3) Q12. Find the magnetic moment of [NiCl 4]

2−
(1) 1.8BM
(2) 5.86 BM
Chemistry MathonGo
(3) 2.82BM (2) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)

(4) 3.82BM (3) (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
(4) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)

Q13. As per the postulates of Werner's theory for
coordination compounds, which of the following is Q17. What type of hybridization is involved in
correct? [Fe(CN)6 ]
3−
?
(1) Primary valencies are ionisable. (1) d 2

sp
3
(2) Secondary valencies are ionisable. (2) dsp 2
(3) Only primary valencies are non-ionisable. (3) sp 3

d
2
(4) Primary and secondary valencies are non-ionisable. (4) dsp 3
Q14. What will be the primary valency of cobalt in the Q18. Both [Ni(CO) ] and [Ni(CN) 4 4]
2−
are diamagnetic.
complex [Co(NH 3
) Cl] Cl2
5
, according to Werner's The types of hybridisation of Ni in these complexes are
theory? and respectively.

(1) 5 (1) sp 3
, sp
3
(2) 1 (2) sp 3
, dsp
2
(3) 3 (3) dsp 2

, sp
3
(4) 2 (4) dsp 2

, dsp
2
Q15. Which of the following spectrochemical series is Q19. A (Light pink colour complex)
+
TRUE? Pb3 O4 /dil.HNO3 H2 S/H
Δ
HMnO4 ⟶ A (Light pink colour
(1) SCN −
< NH3 < F
−
< en < CO complex)
(2) SCN −
< F
−
< NH3 < en < CO Calculate the sum total of CFSE value in light pink colour
(3) SCN −
< F
−
< en < NH3 < CO
complex for both sets of orbitals as compared to the
(4) SCN −
< F
−
< en < CO < NH 3 average
energy of d-orbital.
Q16. Match List - I with List - II.
List-I List-II
Q20. For a d metal ion in an octahedral field, the correct
4
3−
(a) [Fe(CN)6 ] (i) 5.92BM
3+
electronic configuration is :
(b) [Fe(H2 O) ] (ii) 0BM
6
(1) t 3
2g
eg
1
when Δ O < P
(c) [Fe(CN)6 ] 4− (iii) 4.90BM
(d) [Fe(H2 O) ]
2+
(iv) 1.73BM
(2) t 3
2g
eg
1
when Δ O > P
6
Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (3) t 4
2g
eg
0
when Δ O
< P
(1) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii) (4) e 2

g t2
2
g
when Δ O < P
Chemistry MathonGo
Q24. The correct order of intensity of colors of the

compounds is:
2+
(1) [Ni(CN)
2− 2−
4] > [NiCl4 ] > [Ni(H2 O) ]
6
2+
(2) [Ni(H 2 O)
6
] > [NiCl4 ]
2−
> [Ni(CN)4 ]
2−
2+
(3) [NiCl 4
]
2−
> [Ni(H2 O) ]
6
> [Ni(CN)4 ]
2−
2+
(4) [NiCl
2− 2−
4] > [Ni(CN)4 ] > [Ni(H2 O) ]
6
Q25. Which of the following is NOT true for metal
Q21. carbonyls?
The above splitting of d-orbitals takes place in the (1) The oxidation state of the metal in the carbonyls can be
formation of complexes. The above splitting of d-orbitals zero.
takes place in the formation of complexes. (2) M − Cπ bond is formed by back-bonding from metal
(1) tetrahedral to carbon
(2) square-planar (3) Metal carbonyls have single bond between metal and
(3) octahedral carbon
(4) both tetrahedral and square-planar (4) dπ − pπ overlap is observed in metal carbonyls.
Q22. What should be possible d-orbital energy levels of Ni Q26. Number of bridging CO ligands in [Mn 2 (CO)10 ] is
in [Ni(CN) 4]
2−
?
Q27. The most stable ion is
(1) d 2 < dzx < dxy = dyz < d 2 2
(1) [Fe(OH)
z x −y 3−
5]
(2) d 2 2 < dxy < dz2 < dxy = dyz

(2) [FeCl
x −y 3−
6]
(3) d zx = dyz < dz2 < dxy < dx2 −y2

(3) [Fe(CN)
3−
6]
(4) d 2 < dxy = dyz < dxy < d 2 2 3+

(4) [Fe(H
z x −y
2 O)6 ]
Q23. Crystal field splitting energies for octahedral (Δ 0)

Q28. Transition metals form the most stable complex ions
and tetrahedral (Δ ) geometries caused by the same
t
as
ligands are related through the expression
(1) they exhibit multiple oxidation states
(1) Δ 0 = Δt
(2) they have large charge to radius ratio
(2) 4Δ 0 = 9Δt
(3) vacant orbitals to accommodate electrons are present
(3) 9Δ 0 = 4Δt
(4) all of these
(4) Δ 0 = 2Δt
Chemistry MathonGo
Answer Key
Q1 (4) Q2 (2) Q3 (3) Q4 (3)
Q5 (3) Q6 (3) Q7 (4) Q8 (2)
Q9 (1) Q10 (4) Q11 (3) Q12 (3)
Q13 (1) Q14 (3) Q15 (2) Q16 (4)
Q17 (1) Q18 (2) Q19 (0) Q20 (1)
Q21 (3) Q22 (3) Q23 (2) Q24 (3)
Q25 (3) Q26 (0) Q27 (3) Q28 (4)
Chemistry MathonGo
Q1.
−4
[EDTA] is ethylenediaminetetracetate. It
is a member of the aminopolycarboxylic acid
family of ligands. It usually binds to a metal

cation through its two amines
and four carboxylates. Therefore, it can act as
a hexadentate ligand since it has six donor

atoms.
Q2.
4−
Ferrocyanide ion is [Fe (CN) 6
] .
The central metal is Fe 2+
and six ligands
EAN of Fe= 26 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 3 × 2 = 36
are CN , so the net charge over the complex
−
In the above expression, 1 is written for normal covalent

will be −4.
bond and ligand donate 2 electrons.
The ligands are lone pair donors, so the arrow
will be pointed towards the central metal. Q4. DMG is Dimethylglyoxime. In chelating ligand,
central atom forms a ring like structure. Because DMG is a

polydentate ligand which binds the central atom nickel
forming a ring like structure, it represents a chelating
ligand.
Q5. The Cis isomer of [Pt(NH 3)

2
Cl2 ] is used as an
anticancer drug for treating several types of malignant
Q3.
tumours.
Q6.
Ligand Name Or (Alphabetical Order)
NH3 ammine 1
Chemistry MathonGo
Br
−
bromide/Bromo 2 Q10. [M a 3 b3 ] type complex shows facial and meridional
Cl
−
Chloride/Chloro 3
isomerism.
NO2
−
Nitrito−N 4
So, the name of the complex is

triamminebromidochloridoplatinum (iv) chloride.
Q7.
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more

than one compounds have the same chemical
formula but different chemical structures. But
given molecules does not have same formula.

So, they are not isomers.
Q8. Compounds which do not possess elements of

symmetry are optically active.
Q11. [Co(en) 2
Cl2 ]Cl
Possible isomers
(i) Geometrical isomers
Q9.
The reaction of the given octahedral complex
with AgNO and BaCl produces a white

3 2
precipitate individually, which indicates that

the given octahedral complex has different
ions. Therefore, they form different ions. So,

the given complex represents ionization
isomerism and the isomers are known as

ionization isomers of each other. (ii) In trans form plane of symmetry present, so trans form
Chemistry MathonGo
is optically inactive but cis is optically active. [Fe(CN)6 ]

3−
has Fe 3+
central ion (d 5
)
Total number of stereoisomer = 2 + 1 = 3 Electronic configuration (SFL)

0,0
2,2,1
t2g eg
Q12. 4s 2
3d
8
n = 1
Magnetic moment:
μ = √n(n + 2) BM
μ = √2 × (3) = √6 = 2.83 BM
= √1(1 + 2)
Q13.
= √3
As per the postulates of Werner's theory for = 1. 73 BM
3+
coordination compounds, metal atoms exhibit [Fe (H2 O) ]

6
: has d electrons.
5
two types of valencies, i.e., primary valency Electronic configuration (WFL)

1,1
1,1,1
and secondary valency. The primary valency t2g eg
is ionisable, whereas the secondary valency is n = 5
non-ionisable. μ = √5(5 + 2) = √35
= 5. 92 B. M.
Q14. Negative ions satisfy the primary valencies in

[Fe(CN)6 ]
4−
has d electrons.
6
the given complex. Primary valency represent the

Electronic configuration (SFL)
oxidation state of central metal ion and in this oxidation 2,2,1 0,0
t eg
2g
state is +3, so primary valency is 3. Out of three chloride

n = 0
ion, two chloride ions are of dual nature i.e. shows both
μ = 0 B. M.
primary and secondary whereas one chloride ion shows 2+

[Fe (H2 O) ]
6
has d electron
6
only primary.
Electronic configuration: (WFL)
2,2,1 1,1
t eg
2g
Q15. n = 4
μ = √4(4 + 2) = 4. 90 B. M.
As the electronegativity of electron donating
atom increases, its electron donating Q17.
tendency decreases. Hence, the correct order 3−

Oxidation number of Fe in [Fe (CN) 6
]
of spectrochemical series:
is +3 with [Ar]3d electronic configuration
5
− −
SCN < F < NH3 < en < CO
and by following the crystal field theory
Q16. of octahedral complex, the electronic
Chemistry MathonGo
configuration is t due to the strong will be repulsion between the electrons in

2,1,1 0,0
eg
2g
field ligand CN . −
metal d orbitals and the electrons (or negative
Hence, the hybridisation will be d 2

sp
3
, as charges) of the ligands.
two inner d−orbital complex are present. Such a repulsion is more when the metal d
orbital is directed towards the ligand than
Q18.
when it is away from the ligand. Thus, the
Oxidation number of Ni in [Ni (CO) 4
] is dx2 −y2 and d orbitals that point towards the
z
2
zero with [Ar]3d 8

4s
2
electronic configuration axes along the direction of the ligand will
as there are no unpaired electrons. Hence, experience more repulsion and will be raised
pairing takes place to form sp hybridisation. 3
in energy; and the d xy , dyz and dxz orbitals
2−
Oxidation number of Ni in [Ni (CN) 4
] is which are directed between the axes will be
+2 with [Ar]3d 8
4s
0
electronic configuration lowered in energy relative to the average
as there are no unpaired electrons. Hence, energy in the spherical crystal field.
pairing takes place to form dsp 2
Thus, the given diagram explains d orbital
hybridisation. splitting in an octahedral crystal field.
2+
Q19. ⇒ Pink colour complex: [Mn(H 2 O)
6
] Q22.
++
Mn
2+ 5
(3d ) in [Mn(H2 O) ] ,Δ 0 < P Square planar complex is formed by removal of ligand
6
from z-axis in octahedral complex. So, ligands are present

in x-y plane and directed towards axis. Therefore, orbitals
which are pointed towards x and y axis encounters very

high repulsion therefore, energy level of d 2
x −y
2 is highest
and d xy has lower energy because its lobes are at 45° from
axis. d has one third portion in xy plane so, its energy is

z
2
CFSE of the pink colour complex

higher than that of d zx and dyz . Energy of d zx = dyz ,
2 3
= 3 ×(− Δ0 )+2 ×[ Δ0 ]= 0
5 5
because they encounter same repulsion.
Q20. For d configuration if Δ

4
0
< P the electronic Thus, overall order of energy of d- orbitals are
configuration is t 2g
3 1
, eg . dzx = dyz < dz2 < dxy < dx2 −y2
Q21. Q23.
The relation between octahedral splitting energy (donated

In an octahedral coordination entity with six
by Δ ) and tetrahedral splitting energy (denoted by Δ ) is
0 t
ligands surrounding the metal atom/ion, there
Chemistry MathonGo
as follows: Q26.
Δt =
4
9
Δ0 Mn2 (CO)
10
structure is
9Δt = 4Δ0
Q24.
2− 2+ 2−
[NiCl4 ] > [Ni (H2 O) ] > [Ni(CN)4 ]
6
Splitting energy order Δ t < Δ0 < Δsq
Absorbed energy order Zero bridging CO ligands are present

2− 2+ 2−
[NiCl4 ] < [Ni (H2 O) ] < [Ni(CN)4 ]
6
Q27. CN and OH are strong nucleophiles.

− −
intensity of colour of compound 3−
2− 2+ 2−
[Fe(OH) ]
5
is not formed.
[NiCl4 ] > [Ni (H2 O) ] > [Ni(CN)4 ]
6
Q28.
Q25.
The transition metal form the most stable

Metal carbonyls have synergic bond between
complex because,
metal and carbon in which there is a dπ − pπ
(1) Their charge to size ratio is very high, so
back-bond from the central metal. Therefore,
they can attract lone pairs from the ligands.
the M − C bond acquires a partial double
(2) They have vacant orbitals which can
bond character. Metal carbonyls usually have
accommodate lone pairs of the ligands.
zero or negative oxidation states for metals.
(3) They can show variable oxidation states.

Inorganic Chemistry - Top 500 Question Bank For JEE Main by MathonGo

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Top 500 Question Bank for JEE Main

Q1. The law of triad is applicable to a group of (4) N 3

(1) Cl, Br, I

Q5. How many of the following have greater Z eff

Q6. Atomic radii of alkali metals follow the order: (2) Sn 4+

(1) Li > Na > K > Cs (3) Sn = Sn 2+

(2) K > Cs > Li > Na (4) Sn < Sn 2+

−1 ) of a few elements are given below : (3) O > C > B > N

Elements ΔH1 ΔH2 Δeg H

II 419 3051 −48

IV 1008 1846 −295

VI 738 1451 −40 (1) E 1 < E2

Which of the above likely to be the least reactive non-metal? (2) E 1

(4) Rb > Ca > Sc > Fe > Te > Br > F Magnesium?

Q5 (6) Q6 (4) Q7 (4) Q8 (3)

Q9 (1) Q10 (1) Q11 (3) Q12 (1)

Q13 (4) Q14 (4) Q15 (4)

Q1. The term "effective" is used because the shielding

Q2. It increases across the period as the orbit remains the

2 − bi in the number of protons in the group.

So, 6 elements have higher Z eff than Silicon.

Acidic compounds are as given below:

anions like I is not possible. Therefore, PbI does

are more electropositive than rest of the members. Metalloids are

increases down the group.

Q15. After losing one electron, Na ion gets noble gas

(electron dot) structure of carbon dioxide shown in the figure?

(2) BF and [BF have equal B − F bond length.

Q2. The sum of the number of lone pairs of electrons on each

central atom in the following species is

Q9. The difference between bond orders of CO and NO is ⊕ x

(Round off to the Nearest Integer)

which results in zero overlapping is: (Assuming Z is overlapping

(1) Li 3 N < Li2 O < LiF

(2) Li 2O < Li3 N < LiF

(2) SbH 3 > AsH3 > PH3 > NH3

Q12. Discuss and compare the dipole moments as well as bond

(1) Bond angle NCl 3 > Bond angle PCl 3

(2) Bond angle NCl 3 < Bond angle PCl 3

(3) Bond angle NCl 3

(4) None of these

(1) Phenol Q15. The hydrogen bond is strongest in

(2) Water (1) O − H … … F

(4) Liquid HCl (3) F − H … … F

(a) CH 3 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH

(b) CH 3 CH2 CH2 CHO

(1) a > b > c

(4) c > b > a

Q17. Boiling point of H 2O is higher than that of H 2 S , because

(3) has relatively strong covalent bonds

Q18. The experimental value of the dipole moment of HCl is

1.03D . The length of the H − Cl bond is 1.275Å. The

(3) percentage of ionic character in HCl is: [Given: 1D = 10 −18

(2) 21% (4) 7%

Q5 (3) Q6 (4) Q7 (3) Q8 (4)

Q9 (0) Q10 (4) Q11 (1) Q12 (1)

Q13 (4) Q14 (2) Q15 (3) Q16 (2)

Q17 (1) Q18 (3) Q19 (1)

and iv. both have 2(pπ − dπ) bond.

bonding electrons)−(number of non-bonding

bonds of lone F atom has = (3 lone pairs each)

formed pairs on Total lone pairs = 2 + 3 + 3 = 8 .

(ii) If the molecule MX is non-polar in nature, and contains no d-