A disease that begins with an abnormal cell Anaplasia

is transformed by the genetic mutation of Cancer

the cellular DNA. Metaplasia
Neoplasia

The community nurse is conducting a Stress

health promotion program at a local school Low-fat and high-fiber diets
and is discussing the risk factors associated Exposure to radiation
with cancer. Which of the following, if
identified by the client as a risk factor,
indicates a need for further instructions?

Nurse AJ is interviewing a 58 year old male Hemorrhoids

client about his past medical health history. Weight gain
Which of the following preexisting Polyps
conditions may lead the nurse to suspect Duodenal ulcers
that a client has colorectal cancer?

A patient is admitted with liver cancer with Photothermal therapy

bone metastasis. The patient is scheduled Laser surgery
for a procedure that destroys cancer cell by Radiofrequency ablation
application of thermal energy. As a nurse, Electrosurgery
you know that this procedure is:

it is the dissemination of malignant cells to Invasion

distant sites by direct spread of tumor cells Benign
to body cavities or through lymphatic and Malignant
blood circulation. Metastasis

The CI is reviewing the class regarding Hypertrophy

cellular aberration terminologies. Student Anaplasia
Layla is asked about the terminology which Atrophy
means there is an increase in the number of Hyperplasia
cells in an organ or tissue. the student is
correct if she answers:

It is an abnormal growth that is stable, Invasion

treatable and generally not life-threatening. Metastasis
Benign
Malignant

A 60-year-old client complains to the nurse
that mammograms are painful and a source
of radiation exposure. She asks whether it
is necessary to have an annual
mammogram even if she does breast
self-examination monthly. The nurse best
response is:
"An ultrasound examination of the breasts,
which is not painful or a source of radiation,
can be substituted for a mammogram."
"Because of your age, it is even more
important for you to have annual
mammograms."

"Unless you find a lump while examining

your breasts, a mammogram every 2 years
is recommended after age 60."

During the hospital exposure, a student
nurse is assigned to a patient with cancer.
The patient had history of cigarette
smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and
occupational stress. CI Ken asked the
student nurse of what kind of risk factors
the patient was exposed. The student nurse
is correct the if answer is:
On a clinic visit a client who has a relative
with cancer, is asking about the warning
signs that may relate to cancer. The nurse
correctly identifies the warning signs of
cancer by responding:
The nurse is assessing a client who is
suspected of having a diagnosis of
testicular cancer. Which data will be most
helpful for determining the client’s risk for
this type of cancer?
The 24 year old client frequently finds
lumps in her breasts especially before her
period. Which of the following information
should the nurse teach the client?
A patient diagnosed with breast cancer
asked the nurse regarding the causes of
breast cancer. The nurse BEST reply are
the following, Except:
The nurse is caring for a patient who is
scheduled for a biopsy of a tumor. The
patient asks what distinguished a benign
tumor from a malignant tumor. Which info
"If your mammogram was painful, it is
especially important that you have it done
annually."
EXOGENOUS RISK FACTORS
“If a sore healing took a month or more to
heal, cancer should be suspected.”
“Sudden weight loss of unexplained etiology
can be a warning sign of cancer.”
“Presence of dry cough is one of the
warning signs of cancer.”
“A lump located only in the breast area may
suggest the presence of cancer.”
Number of children
Number of sexual partners
Race
Marital status
This is a benign process that does not need
follow up.
Eliminate chocolate and caffeine from diet.
Practice breast self exam monthly.
This is how breast cancer starts and she
needs surgery.
Exposure to radiation
Full term pregnancy at ages younger than
20 years.
1st-degree relatives with breast cancer.
Pregnancy at age 25 at their first birth.
Malignant tumors are composed of
disorganized, abnormal cells that may
spread to other parts of the body
should the nurse provide?
The patient is told that the adenoma tumor
is not encapsulated but has normally
differentiated cells and that surgery will be
needed. The patient asks the nurse what
this means. What should the nurse tell the
patient?
What can the nurse do to facilitate cancer
prevention for the patient in the promotion
stage of cancer development?
The community health nurse provides an
educational session regarding the risk
factors for cervical cancer to women in the
local community. The nurse determines that
further teaching is needed if a woman
attending the session identifies which as a
risk factor for this type of cancer?
A chemotherapeutic agent, methotrexate is
ordered for a client. Which of the following
statement is true about chemotherapy?
After cytologic examination a patient is
diagnosed with a tumor that is staged as
T(IS), N(1a), M(0). What does this staging
classification indicate to the nurse about the
patient’s tumor? Select all that apply
Which patient statement alerts the nurse to
Benign tumors are usually composed of
more rapidly growing cells
Whereas malignant tumors are usually
encapsulated, benign tumors lack specific
form
Benign tumors are incapable of causing
damage to surrounding tissues or organs
It has metastasized.
It is probably malignant.
It is probably benign.
It will recur.
Teach the patient promoting factors to
avoid.
Teach the patient which vitamins will
improve the immune system.
Teach the patient to exercise daily.
Tell the patient to have the cancer surgically
removed now.
Single sex partner
Smoking tobacco
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
Early age of first intercourse
It affects both cancer cells and normal cells
It affects only the tumor cells
It causes very few side effects
It can destroy all cancer cells in one
exposure
M(0 )means that it has metastasized.
N(1a) means one lymph node is involved.
T(IS) means the tumor is in situ.
N(1a) means that no lymph nodes are
involved.
M(0) means that it has not metastasized.
"I have a blister on my toe that never seems
a warning sign of cancer? to get well"

"I had a wart on my finger that lasted for 2

weeks"

" I experience moderately heavy bleeding

with my periods every month"

"I have a BM every 4 days"

A 60-yr-old male with livercancer is Anastrazole

experiencing nausea and vomiting as a side Succimer
effect of chemotherapy. Which of the Metochlopramide
following medications should the nurse Busulfan
administer to prevent nausea and vomiting?

The CI is reviewing the class regarding Hyperplasia

cellular aberration terminologies. Student Hypertrophy
Selena is asked on what term which refers Anaplasia
to the reduced size of an organ or tissue Atrophy
resulting from a decrease in cell size and
number. She is correct if she answers:

Patient Laida asks the nurse while do not spread to other tissues and organs.
preparing for a biopsy, what is the
difference is between a benign tumor and a are simply an overgrowth of normal cells.
malignant tumor. Nurse Angel explains that
a benign tumor differs from a malignant do not cause damage to adjacent tissue.
tumor in that benign tumors"
frequently recur in the same site.

Patient Maritess is scheduled for Adjuvant therapy which targets cells left
chemotherapy. The nurse knows that after surgery to prevent recurrences
primary goals of chemotherapy are the
following: Select all that apply Prophylaxis therapy against cancer cells

Curative therapy to kill all cancer cells

Palliative therapy to give relief when not

possible to remove all tumor cells.

it is the growth of the primary tumor into the Benign

surrounding host tissues. Invasion
Malignant
Metastasis

Which of the following is included in the Gap 2

phases of the cell cycle? Select all that Gap 1
apply Synthesis Phase
Apotosis Phase
Mitosis Phase

Giving instructions for breast A dermoid cyst

self-examination is particularly important for Ovarian cancer
clients with which of the following medical Endometrial polyps
problems?

Which of the following describes a benign Non-capsulated

tumor? Select all that apply Slow growing
Smooth and Oval in shape
Painless

The CI is reviewing the class regarding Hyperplasia

cellular aberration terminologies. Student Hypertrophy
Miya is asked about the increase in the size Atrophy
of cells, resulting in an increase in the size Anaplasia
of the organ. Her correct answer is:

During a routine physical examination, a Cyclic changes in mass size

firm mass is palpated in the right breast of a Increased vascularity of the breast
35-year-old woman. Which of the following History of anovulatory cycles
findings or client history would suggest
cancer of the breast as opposed to
fibrocystic disease?