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The roots of World War II lay in the Treaty of Versailles, which ended World War I.
The harsh penalties it imposed on Germany led to economic hardship and resentment,
setting the stage for the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. The immediate
cause of the war was Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939, prompting Britain and
France to declare war on Germany.
The war was characterized by significant events like the Holocaust, the bombing of
civilian populations, the use of nuclear weapons, and the first real deployment of
tanks and aircraft in combat. The conflict resulted in approximately 70 to 85
million fatalities, a figure that includes the genocide of six million Jews in the
Holocaust.
The war concluded with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. In the
aftermath, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation
and prevent future conflicts. The geopolitical landscape of the world was
transformed, with the emergence of the Cold War between the United States and the
Soviet Union, setting the stage for global tensions that would last for decades.
World War II reshaped the political alignment and social structure of the globe,
and its effects are still felt in many aspects of today's society and politics.