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Laboratory Report 1 - Peñaflor
Laboratory Report 1 - Peñaflor
SUBMITTED BY:
Peñaflor, Marren Jeirelle M.
SUBMITTED TO:
Engr. Liza Acosta
MARCH 2022
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines, 4200
Mechanical Engineering Department
I. INTRODUCTION
II. OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this laboratory activity is to understand and learn how to properly
grind HSS lathe tool bits. Specifically, this laboratory activity aims to:
• Water or coolant
- It is used to reduce the temperature or cool the
workpiece while it is being shaped or grinded to its
desired form.
• Center Gauge
- It is a machining instrument used to verify the
angle of tool bits used to cut screw threads. It is
also called as fishtail gauge.
• Grinding Machine
- It is a piece of machinery that is used to remove the
rough surface of a workpiece using a rotating
abrasive wheel that serves as a tool. There are
several different types of grinding machine. For this
laboratory activity the type of grinding machine
used is a bench grinding machine or a bench
grinder.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines, 4200
Mechanical Engineering Department
• Grinding Wheel
- It is a wheel that is created from or covered in hard
grit utilized for removing the surface of a hard
substance. There are several different types of
grinding wheel. The ones presented in this
laboratory activity are aluminum oxide and silicon
carbide grinding wheel. Aluminum oxide grinding
wheel is used for sharpening soft materials
including HSS tool bits, while silicon carbide
grinding wheel is used to sharpen hard materials
including carbide tip tool bit.
IV. PROCEDURE
A. BASIC SAFETY PROTOCOL
• Wear safety goggles.
• Wear safety gloves.
• Make sure that a coolant or water is readily available in front of the grinding
machine.
• Dip the tool bit occasionally into the coolant or water to maintain the normal
temperature. Do not let the tool bit get too hot or burnt.
• When working with a grinding machine, some fingers should be resting on
the tool rest of the machine while other fingers are holding the tool bit firmly.
3. Move the tool bit sideways so that the face of the tool bit will be flattened.
4. For the final touch, apply less pressure to the tool bit against the face of the
grinding wheel. The face of the tool bit should be smooth and flat.
5. Grind the side cutting edge together with the side clearance. Grind the side
clearance angle by positioning the tool bit 10° from the bottom surface.
6. Repeat Step 4.
7. Grind the side rake. Grind the side rake angle by position the tool bit 12°
from its lower part towards the grinding wheel. The side rake angle and side
clearance angle should meet to form a sharp cutting edge.
8. Repeat Step 4.
9. The nose, front cutting edge, side cutting edge, side rake, and side clearance
angle are already produced.
10. Grind the nose radius. To obtain the nose radius, slightly round the nose by
using the corner or the front face of the grinding wheel. Additionally, pivot
the tool bit very lightly on the face of the grinding wheel while maintaining
an 8° for the front clearance.
V. CONCLUSION
To sum up what is said above, this laboratory activity has greatly helped us, students, in
understanding and learning the key concepts and procedures in grinding tool bits. Moreover,
this has also served as an eye-opener in the real-world application of this subject, ME 408 -
Machine Shop Theory and Practice, and a preparation for the machine shop environment
that we will soon encounter in our career as aspiring mechanical engineers. Additionally,
this has also shown us the safety precautions one has to know and take to their heart to
ensure everyone’s safety in the machine shop. Lastly, this has taught us one of the
foundational skills a professional machinist must have to become more effective and
efficient in the machine shop.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines, 4200
Mechanical Engineering Department
This laboratory activity has paved a way for us to somehow experience and b e familiar
with the basics of grinding. Not only does this make us knowledgeable on what truly
happens inside of a machine shop, but it also makes us realize the importance of learning
how to grind, or to be more general, the basics of the different types of machining processes.
Overall, this laboratory activity has significantly helped us, students, to become better
engineers in the future.
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines, 4200
Mechanical Engineering Department
VI. REFERENCES
Collins. (n.d.). Grinding wheel definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary.
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/grinding-wheel
Connor, N. (2021, June 9). What is High-speed Steel - HSS - Definition. Material
high-speed-steel-hss-definition/
Corrosionpedia. (2018, June 13). Grinding. Retrieved March 23, 2022, from
https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/611/grinding#:%7E:text=Grinding%2
0is%20an%20abrasive%20machining,plants%20and%20the%20cement%20indus
try.
http://www.minaprem.com/machining/introduction/definition-of-machining-or-
metal-cutting-examples-of-machining-processes/
Fleming, E. (2019, July 14). What is a diamond grinding wheel dresser? – SidmartinBio.
https://www.sidmartinbio.org/what-is-a-diamond-grinding-wheel-dresser/
https://mechanicalnotes.com/grinding-machine-definition-parts-operation/
Prof Johnny. (2020, November 15). (UPDATED) Grinding HSS Tool Bit [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNXByC5q6Ws
Safeopedia. (2019, January 6). Safety Goggles. Safeopedia.Com. Retrieved March 23,
Sanker, E. A. (2022, February 28). What Is a Center Gauge? About Mechanics. Retrieved
gauge.htm
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines, 4200
Mechanical Engineering Department
Scott, P. (2022, February 12). What is a Tool Bit? About Mechanics. Retrieved March 23,