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    Early cinema began with attempts to capture motion such as Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of a horse in motion in 1879. The Lumiere brothers developed the cinematograph, which allowed them to capture moving images including their famous film of a train arriving at a station. George Melies introduced storytelling and editing techniques to early films. He used special effects, multiple exposures, and hand-painted color. Melies brought narrative fiction to film while the Lumiere brothers captured reality. Edwin S. Porter influenced narrative filmmaking with shorts like Life of an American Fireman (1903) and The Great Train Robbery (1903) that developed continuity editing. D.W. Griffith pioneered techniques like close-

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    Lecture on early cinema

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    Early cinema began with attempts to capture motion such as Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of a horse in motion in 1879. The Lumiere brothers developed the cinematograph, which allowed them to capture moving images including their famous film of a train arriving at a station. George Melies introduced storytelling and editing techniques to early films. He used special effects, multiple exposures, and hand-painted color. Melies brought narrative fiction to film while the Lumiere brothers captured reality. Edwin S. Porter influenced narrative filmmaking with shorts like Life of an American Fireman (1903) and The Great Train Robbery (1903) that developed continuity editing. D.W. Griffith pioneered techniques like close-

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    17 views2 pages

    Early Cinema

    Uploaded by

    nglukh
    Early cinema began with attempts to capture motion such as Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of a horse in motion in 1879. The Lumiere brothers developed the cinematograph, which allowed them to capture moving images including their famous film of a train arriving at a station. George Melies introduced storytelling and editing techniques to early films. He used special effects, multiple exposures, and hand-painted color. Melies brought narrative fiction to film while the Lumiere brothers captured reality. Edwin S. Porter influenced narrative filmmaking with shorts like Life of an American Fireman (1903) and The Great Train Robbery (1903) that developed continuity editing. D.W. Griffith pioneered techniques like close-

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    of 2

    Early cinema (Thurs 6th October, Kim)

    Intro:
    The word cinema is derived from a shortened form of cinematography – The art of
    visualisation through the camera that captures moving image.
    An English photographer Eadweard Muybridge captured a horse in motion in 1879, marked
    as one of the earliest attempts of motion picture.

    THE BIRTH OF CINEMA


    The Lumiere brothers developed equipment on the principles of still photography but
    allowed them to capture moving image – cinematograph.
    Lumiere brothers captured events around them and projected this reality on screen
    Arrival of train in station

    GEORGE MELIES
    A famous illusionist from France introduces the art of storytelling and editing
    His work is considered as prolific examples of special effects and introducing techniques
    such as:
    Substitution splice/stop edit
    Multiple exposures
    Time lapse
    Dissolves
    Hand painted colour

    Melies and Lumiere brothers


    The Lumiere brothers captured reality
    Melies introduced narrative fiction
    Melies used shock and humour, make up, costumes and comedy to pave the way for
    entertainment
    Lumiere brothers inspired through truth and Melies through fantasy

    EDWIN S PORTER
    Influenced by the story films of Georges Melies, Porter went on to make important shorts
    such as
    Life of an American Fireman (1903)
    The Great Train Robbery (1903)
    In them, he helped to develop the modern concept of continuity editing, paving the way for
    D. W. Griffith who would expand on Porter’s discovery that the unit of film structure was the
    shot rather than the scene

    D.W. GRIFFITH
    Pioneered many aspects of film editing and expanded on the progress of narrative film
    Famous for – Birth of a Nation (1915)
    Pioneering Techniques:
    Close up
    The scenic long shot, showing an entire panoramic view
    Cross-cutting
    Nolan technique – The Dark Knight
    Effective use of the fade-out and fade-in – to indicate the end or beginning.

    SOVIET MONTAGE

    KULESHOV
    The Kuleshov Effect is a film editing technique that explores the mental phenomenon of
    how viewers can extract more meaning from the interaction of two connected shots than
    from a single static image

    EISENSTEIN
    Soviet montage theory is an approach to creating movies that rely heavily upon editing
    techniques.
    Sergei Eisenstein’s “montage is an idea that arises from the collision of independent shots”,
    wherein “each sequential element is perceived not next to the other, but on top of the
    other”
    Focused, not on making cuts invisible, but on creating meaningful associations within the
    combinations of shots.

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