CHAPTER I

Introduction

Situation Analysis

The impact of teenage pregnancy affects the physical, emotional, social, and

spiritual well-being of the adolescents (Bautista, 2014). About 16 million women

between 15 and 19 years and nearly one million women younger than 15 years give birth

yearly (WHO). The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

reported that every fifth child is born worldwide by an adolescent mother, and 80% of

these so-called teenage pregnancies occur in third-world countries. Although most of

these pregnancies are socially desired in traditional societies, several studies have pointed

out the enormous risks. These are associated with teenage pregnancies, such as anemia,

preterm labor, urinary tract infections, preeclampsia, high rate of cesarean sections,

preterm birth, low birth weight infants, and even maternal and newborn mortality

(Kirchengast, 2016).

The United Kingdom has the highest rate of adolescent pregnancies in Western

Europe. They have the highest rate among women who live in areas of higher poverty

and have other factors, such as lower educational achievement of living in state care

homes. However, several adverse social outcomes are associated with teenage

motherhood. While teenage motherhood can be a positive experience for some young

women, it is frequently associated with poor social and health outcomes for both mother

and child in the United Kingdom. Teenage pregnancy is thus frequently both a marker of
early social and economic disadvantage and a source of additional disadvantage,

emotional and physical health problems. Strategies must attempt to break the cycle of

those with poorer social