Acute Effects:

 Acoustic Trauma (Explosion, gunshot)

 Temporary Threshold shift (Disco)
 Poor communication
 Increase in blood pressure & stress
ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS OF NOISE
Chronic or Long term effects:
 Permanent Threshold shift (Noise induced hearing loss)
 Hypertension and stress
 Psychosomatic effects
CONTROL OF NOISE PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE
- Engineering methods
Purchase new equipment
Preventive maintenance
Isolation/damping
- Administrative Control
Job rotation/breaks
- PPE
Ear plugs/ ear muffs
2. HEAT STRESS  High humidity
Exposure settings:  Poor ventilation
 High temperature  Multiple heat sources
Thermoregulatory Mechanism
- Heat is first removed from the organs producing it (metabolic heat) to the skin by the circulating blood to
maintain a temp of 37’C
Acute Health Effects of Heat
 Prickly heat - immature sweat glands
 Heat fatigue - bad mood (water loss)
 Heat cramps - muscle spasm (water + salts)
 Heat exhaustion - fatigue, dehydration, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting (water + salts + electrolytes)
 Heat stroke - overheating, seizure, coma (failure of thermoregulatory system)
CONTROL OF HEAT PROBLEMS
 Engineering control
Ventilation, Water sources
 Administrative control
Job rotation/breaks
 PPE
Cotton clothes, multiple changes