Criminal Law Notes JP

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af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang9 \langnp9 "Art. 186. Monopolies and combinations in restraint of trade. The
penalty of prison correctional in its minimum period of a fine ranging from two
hundred to six thousand pesos, or both, shall be imposed upon:}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \ql
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ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 "1. Any person who shall
enter into any contract or agreement or shall take part in any conspiracy or
combination in the form of a trust or otherwise, in restraint of trade or commerce
or to prevent by artificial means free competition in the market;}{\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\
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dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 "2. Any person who shall monopolize any merchandise
or object of trade or commerce, or shall combine with any other person or persons
to monopolize said merchandise or object in order to alter the price thereof by
spreading false rumors or making use of any other artifice to restrain free
competition in the market;}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
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ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \
lang9 \langnp9 "3. Any person who, being a manufacturer, producer, or processor of
any merchandise or object of commerce or an importer of any merchandise or object
of commerce from any foreign country, either as principal or agent, wholesaler or
retailer, shall combine, conspire or agree in any manner with any person likewise
engaged in the manufacture, production, processing, assembling or importation of
such merchandise or object of commerce or with any other persons not so similarly
engaged for the purpose of making transactions prejudicial to lawful commerce, or
of increasing the market price in any part of the Philippines, of any such
merchandise or object of commerce manufactured, produced, processed, assembled in
or imported into the Philippines, or of any article in the manufacture of which
such manufactured, produced, processed, or imported merchandise or object of
commerce is used.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang9 \langnp9 "If the offense mentioned in this Article affects any food
substance, motor fuel or lubricants, or other articles of prime necessity, the
penalty shall be that of prison mayor in its minimum and medium periods, it being
sufficient for the imposition thereof that the initial steps have been taken toward
carrying out the purposes of the combination.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
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par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 "Any property possessed under any contract or by any
combination mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, and being the subject thereof,
shall be forfeited to the Government of the Philippines.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 "Whenever any of the offenses
described above is committed by a corporation or association, the president and
each one of the directors or managers of said corporation or association or its
agent or representative in the Philippines in case of a foreign corporation or
association, who shall have knowingly permitted or failed to prevent the commission
of such offenses, shall be held liable as principals thereof."}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 ART. 187. I}{\fs22 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch
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\ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 importation and disposition
of falsely}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
\ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 marked articles or
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fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 or
other precious metals or their alloys. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
lang9 \langnp9 of prision correccional or a fine ranging from Forty}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 thousand pesos (P40,000) to Two hundred thousand}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
lang9 \langnp9 pesos (P200,000), or both, shall be imposed upon any}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 person who shall knowingly import or sell or dispose of}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 any article or merchandise made of gold, silver, or other}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 precious metals, or their alloys, with stamps, brands,}{\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 or
marks which fail to indicate the actual fineness or}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \
ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1
\widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 quality of said metals or
alloys.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Any stamp, brand, label, or
mark shall be deemed}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 to fail to indicate the
actual fineness of the article on}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 which
it is engraved, printed, stamped, labeled or}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033
attached, when the test of the article shows that the}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
lang1033 \langnp1033 quality or fineness thereofis less by more than one-half}{\
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 karat, if made of gold, and
less by more than four onethousandth, if made of silver, than what is shown by}{\
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 said stamp, brand, label or
mark. But in case of watch}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \
itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 cases
and flatware made of gold, the actual fineness}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch
\af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \
of such gold shall not be less by more than three onethousandth than the fineness
indicated by said stamp,}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch
\f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 brand, label, or mark}
{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 Article 188}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Criminal association}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 1. Any person who
promotes or establishes a group, organization or association the purpose or
activity of which is the commission of crimes, is punishable with 2 to 8 years
imprisonment.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 2. Any group, organization or association shall be considered
criminal if it consists of two or more persons who, for a period of time and in a
concerted manner, seek to commit or incite the commission of crimes with intent to
disturb public order or directly or indirectly obtain benefit or advantage.}{\
lang1033 \langnp1033 3. Any person who joins, supports or participates in any of
the activities conducted by said criminal group, organization or association is
punishable with 2 to 6 years imprisonment.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 4. The head or leader of any
group, organization or association referred to in the previous subarticles is
punishable with 4 to 12 years imprisonment.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 5. The penalties referred to
in the preceding
subarticles may be extraordinarily mitigated if the perpetrator hinders or makes
serious efforts to hinder continuation of the group, organization or association,
or communicates to authorities regarding existence of such a group so as to prevent
the commission of crime.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch
\f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 Article 189}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Instigation to commit a crime}{\fs22 \kerning2
\rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \
plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 1. Any person who,
publicly and by any means, incites the commission of a crime, is punishable with up
to 3 years imprisonment or a fine.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 2. Any person who, in private or publicly,
commends or rewards a person who has committed any crime in order to, through such
conduct, incite the commission of identical crimes, is punishable with up to 2
years imprisonment or a fine.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 3. Whenever, in the case of the previous
subarticles, the crime instigated by the perpetrator is actually committed, the
applicable penalty, unless said crime carries a heavier penalty by force of another
legal provision, is 2 to 5 years imprisonment.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch
\af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \
Title 5}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 CHAPTER 2}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \
\lang1033 \langnp1033 Offensesq against decency and good customs}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Art 200}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 -}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4
\hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Grave Scandal -}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \
\f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The penalties - Arresto mayor }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 and public censure
shall be imposed upon any person who shall offend against decency or good customs
by any highly scandalous conduct not expressly falling within any other article of
this code.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \ql \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 ART 201 - Immoral doctrines, obscene publications and
exhibitions and indecent shows.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 the
penalty of prision mayor or a fine ranging from 20k to 200k or both for those..}{\
langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 1. Those who shall publicly expound
or proclaim}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 doctrines openly contrary to public
morals;}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 2. a. The authors of obscene
literature, published}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 with their knowledge in any
form; the editors}{\fs22
\kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\
pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha
\lang9 \langnp9 publishing such literature; and the owners/operators of}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 the establishment selling the same;}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \
lang9 \langnp9 b. Those who, in theaters, fairs, cinematographs}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj
lang9 \langnp9 or any other place, exhibit indecent or immoral plays,}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 scenes, acts or shows, it being understood that the}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 obscene literature or indecent or immoral plays,}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
lang9 \langnp9 scenes, acts or shows, whether live or in film, which}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 are prescribed by virtue hereof, shall include those}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 which: (1) glorify criminals or condone crimes; (2) serve}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 no other purpose but to satisfy the market for violence,}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 lust or pornography; (3) offend any race or religion; (4)}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 tend to abet traffic in and use of prohibited drugs; and}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 (5) are contrary to law, public order, morals, and good}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 customs, established policies, lawful orders, decrees}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 and edicts; and}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0
\sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \
fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 3. Those who shall
sell, give away or exhibit}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 films, prints, engravings,
sculpture or literature which}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 are offensive to
morals}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 ART.
202. Prostitutes; Penalty. \uc1 \u8212 ? (Expressly}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang9 \langnp9 rePealed by R.A. No. 11862, ap}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 TItle 7}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Crimes committed by Public officers}{\fs22 \
line }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0
\fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 ART.
203. Who are public officers}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 . \uc1 \u8212 ? For the}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
lang1033 \langnp1033 purpose of applying the provisions of this and the}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 preceding titles of this book, any person who,
by direct}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 provision ofthe law,
popular election or appointment by}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033
competent authority, shall take part in the performance}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 of public functions in the Government of the Philippine}{\fs22
\kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Islands, or shall perform in said Government or
in any}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 of its branches public duties
as an employee, agent}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 or subordinate
official, of any rank or class, shall be}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \
deemed to be a public officer.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4
\loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Chapter 2}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 Malfeasance and Misfeasance in Office}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
\f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Malfeasance}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 :}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Definition: Malfeasance refers
to the intentional commission of an illegal or wrongful act, especially by a public
official or someone in a position of trust.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
Characteristics: It involves deliberate wrongdoing, misconduct, or an unlawful act
performed with the knowledge that it is illegal or against the established rules.}
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Misfeasance}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 :}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
Definition: Misfeasance involves the improper performance of a lawful act,
resulting in harm or damage to others. Unlike malfeasance, misfeasance is often
characterized by actions that are legal but executed improperly.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
\lang1033 \langnp1033 Characteristics: It occurs when an individual fails to carry
out their responsibilities or duties in a proper and competent manner, leading to
negative consequences.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 204. Knowingly rendering unjust judgment.}{\b1 \fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any judge who shall knowingly
render an unjust}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch
\ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \
lang1033 \langnp1033 judgment in any case submitted to him for decision,}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 shall be punished by prision mayor and
perpetual}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 absolute
disqualification.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 205. Judgment rendered through negligence.}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any judge who, by reason of
inexcusable negligence}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 or ignorance shall
render a manifestly unjustjudgment}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 in any
case submitted to him for decision shall be}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
punished by arresto mayor and temporary special}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 disqualification.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
ART. 206. Unjust interlocutory order. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \uc1 \u8212 ?Anyjudge}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
\lang1033 \langnp1033 who shall knowingly render an unjust interlocutory}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 order or decree shall suffer the penalty of
arresto}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 mayor in its minimum period
and suspension; but if he}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 shall
have acted by reason of inexcusable negligence}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch
\af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \
or ignorance and the interlocutory order or decree be}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 manifestly unjust, the penalty shall be suspension.}{\fs22 \
fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 ART. 207.
Malicious delay in the administration}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 ofjustice. \
uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of prision correctional in its}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\fs22 \kerning2 \
\lang9 \langnp9 minimum period shall be imposed upon anyjudge guilty}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 of malicious delay in the administration ofjustice.}{\fs22 \
\f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \
\ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 ART. 208. Prosecution of
offenses; negligence and}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 tolerance. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of prision
correctional in}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 its minimum period and
suspension shall be imposed}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 upon any public officer, or
officer of the law, who, in}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 dereliction of the duties of
his office, shall maliciously}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 refrain from
instituting prosecution for the punishment}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 of violators
of the law, or shall tolerate the commission}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 of offenses}
{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par
}\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
Betrayal of trust by an attorney or}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
solicitor. \uc1 \u8212 ? Revelation ofsecrets. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? In addition to the}{\
af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 proper administrative action, the penalty of prision}
{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par
}\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 correctional in its minimum period, or a fine
ranging}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 from Forty thousand pesos (P40,000)
to Two hundred}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 thousand pesos (P200,000), or
both, shall be imposed}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 upon any attorney-at-law or
any person duly authorized}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 to represent and/or assist a
party to a case who, by any}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 malicious breach of
professional duty or of inexcusable}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 negligence
or ignorance, shall prejudice his client, or}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 reveal any
ofthe secrets of the latter learned by him in}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 his
professional capacity.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
lang9 \langnp9 ART. 210. Direct bribery. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4
\hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer who}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 shall agree to perform an act constituting a crime, in}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 connection with the performance of his official duties,}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 in consideration of any offer, promise, gift or present}{\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch
\ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0
\ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright
\lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9
received by such officer, personally or through, the}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch
\dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \
mediation of another, shall suffer the penalty ofprision}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang9 \langnp9 mayor in its medium and minimum periods and a}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
lang9 \langnp9 fine not less than three times the value of the gift, in}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 addition to the penalty corresponding to the crime}{\fs22 \kerning2
\rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \
lang9 \langnp9 agreed upon, if the same shall have been committed.}{\fs22 \kerning2
lang9 \langnp9 Ifthe gift was accepted by the officer in consideration}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 of the execution of an act which does not constitute a}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 crime, and the officer executed said act, he shall suffer}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 the same penalty provided in the preceding paragraph;}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 and if said act shall not have been accomplished, the}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 officer shall suffer the penalties of prision correccional,}{\
Indirect bribery. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalties of}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
prision correctional in its medium and maximum}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch
\af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 periods,
suspension and public censure shall be imposed}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch
\af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 upon any
public officer who shall accept gifts offered to}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 him by
reason of his office. (Ibid.)}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
lang9 \langnp9 ART. 212. Corruption of public officials. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 \uc1 \u8212 ? The}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 same penalties imposed upon the officer corrupted,}{\fs22 \kerning2
lang9 \langnp9 except those of disqualification and suspension, shall}{\fs22 \
\lang9 \langnp9 be imposed upon any person who shall have made}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
lang9 \langnp9 the offers or promises or given the gifts or presents as}{\fs22 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2
\rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang9 \langnp9 described in the
preceding articles.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 Frauds and illegal exactions and transactions}{\fs22 \kerning2
\rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \
\lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 213. Frauds against the public treasury and}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 similar offenses. \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of
prision correccional}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 in its medium period to
prision mayor in its minimum}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
period, or a fine ranging from Forty thousand pesos}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 (P40,000) to Two million pesos (P2,000,000), or both,}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 shall be imposed upon any public officer who:}
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 1. In his official capacity,
in dealing with}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 any person with regard
to furnishing supplies, the}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 making
of contracts, or the adjustment or settlement}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 of accounts relating to public property or funds, shall}{\fs22
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 enter into an agreement with any interested
party or}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 speculator or make use of any
other scheme, to defraud}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch
\f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 the Government;}{\
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 2. Being entrusted with the
collection of taxes,}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 licenses, fees and
other imposts, shall be guilty of any}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 of the
following acts or omissions:}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 (a)
Demanding, directly or indirectly, the}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
\rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \
payment of sums different from or larger than}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 those authorized by law.}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 (b) Failing voluntarily to issue a receipt, as}{\b1 \fs22 \
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 provided by law for any sum of money collected
by}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 him officially.}{\b1 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
(c) Collecting or receiving, directly or}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
\rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \
indirectly, by way of payment or otherwise things}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 or objects of a nature different from that provided}{\b1 \fs22
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 by law.}{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 When the culprit is an officer or employee of the}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Bureau of Internal Revenue or the Bureau of
Customs,}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 the provisions of the
Administrative Code shall be}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \
applied.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 214. Other frauds. }{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \uc1 \u8212 ? In addition, to
the}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 penalties prescribed in the
provision of Chapter}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Six, Title Ten, Book
Two of this Code, the penalty of}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
temporary special disqualification in its maximum}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 period to perpetual special disqualification shall be}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 imposed upon any public officer who, taking
advantage}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 ofhis official
position, shall commit any ofthe frauds or}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
deceits enumerated in said provisions.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 215. Prohibited transactions}{\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 . \uc1
\u8212 ? The penalty}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 ofprision correctional
in its minimum period or a fine}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
ranging from Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) to Two}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 hundred thousand pesos (P200,000), or both, shall be}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 imposed upon any appointive public officer who,
during}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 his incumbency, shall directly
or indirectly become}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0
\ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
lang1033 \langnp1033 interested in any transaction of exchange orspeculation}{\fs22
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 within the territory subject to his
jurisdiction.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 ART. 216. }{\b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Possession of prohibited interest by a}{\b1 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 public officer}{\fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 . \uc1
\u8212 ? The penalty of arresto mayor in its}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
medium period to prision correctional in its minimum}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch
\dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 period, or a fine ranging from Forty thousand pesos}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 (P40,000) to Two hundred thousand pesos
(P200,000)}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 or both, shall be imposed upon
a public officer who}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 directly or indirectly,
shall become interested in any}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4
\loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
contract or business in which it is his official duty to}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 intervene.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 This
provision is applicable to experts, arbitrators}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
lang1033 \langnp1033 and private accountants who, in like manner, shall}{\fs22 \
af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 take part in any contract or transaction
connected}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 with the estate or
property in appraisal, distribution}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200
\lisa0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0
\fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 or adjudication
of which they shall have acted, and to}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af4 \
guardians and executors with respect to the property}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch
\dbch \af4 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \
lang1033 \langnp1033 belonging to their wards or estate.}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \
ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 ART.
217. Malversation ofpublicfunds orproperty}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 . \uc1 \u8212 ?
Presumption of malversation. \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer who, by reason ofthe
duties of his office, is accountable for public funds or property, shall
appropriate the same, or shall take or misappropriate or shall consent, or through
abandonment or negligence, shall permit any other person to take such public funds
or property, wholly or partially, or shall otherwise be guilty of the Chapter Four
MALVERSATION OF PUBLIC FUNDS OR PROPERTY i 1 Arts. 216-217 CRIMES COMMITTED BY
PUBLIC OFFICERS O7DHTCV4O7DHTCV4PR18A O7DHTCV4 THE REVISED PENAL CODE Art. 217 112
misappropriation or malversation of such funds or property, shall suffer: }{\
rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich
\af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \
sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls1 \
fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\listtext \pard \
plain \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \f1 1. }{\
\af4 \loch \f4 The penalty of prision correctional in its medium and maximum
periods, ifthe amount involved in the misappropriation
or malversation does not exceed Forty thousand pesos (P40,000).}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2
\afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls1 \fs21 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\listtext \pard \plain \fs21 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \f1 2. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \
af2 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \
f4 2. The penalty of prision mayor in its minimum and medium periods, if the
amount involved is more than Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) but does not exceed One
million two hundred thousand pesos (Pl,200,000). - * ,}{\fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls1 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\listtext \pard \plain \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \f1 3. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 3. The penalty ofprision
mayor in its maximum period to reclusion temporal in its minimum period, if the
amount involved is more than One million two hundred thousand pesos (Pl,200,000)
but does not exceed Two million four hundred thousand pesos (P2,400,000). }{\fs22 \
pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \
f4 4. The penalty of reclusion temporal, in its medium and maximum periods, ifthe
amount involved is more than Two million four hundred thousand pesos (P2,400,000)
but does not exceed Four million four hundred thousand pesos (P4,400,000). }{\
f4 5. The penalty of reclusion temporal in its maximum period, if the amount
involved is more than Four million four hundred thousand pesos (P4,400,000) but
does not exceed Eight million eight hundred thousand pesos (P8,800,000). Ifthe
amount exceeds the latter, the penalty shall be reclusion perpetua. In all cases,
persons guilty of malversation shall, also suffer the penalty of perpetual special
disqualification and a fine equal to the amount of the funds malversed or equal to
the total value of the property embezzled. O7DHTCV4O7DHTCV4PR18A O7DHTCV4 113 The
failure of a public officer to have duly forthcoming any public funds or property
with which he is chargeable, upon demand by any duly authorized officer, shall be
prima facie evidence that he has put such missing funds or property to personal
uses. (As amended by R.A. No, 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\fs22 \kerning2 \
\li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \lang1033 \langnp1033 (For estafa
demand is needed before filing a case, and it is necessary as an evidence)}{\fs22 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs22 \ltrch \
fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \
plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \
aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs22 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 ART. 218. Failure of
accountable officer to render accounts. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \
fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any
public officer, whether in the service or separated therefrom by resignation or any
other cause, who is required by law or regulation to render account to the
Commission on Audit, or to a provincial auditor and who fails to do so for a period
of two (2) months after such accounts should be rendered, shall be punished by
prision correccional in its minimum period, or by a fine ranging from Forty
thousand pesos (P40,000) to One million two hundred thousand pesos (Pl,200,000), or
both. (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \
afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 ART. 219. Failure of a
responsible public officer to render accounts before leaving the country. }{\
\af4 \loch \f4 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer who unlawfully leaves or attemptsto
leave the Philippines without securing a certificate from the Commission on Audit
showing that his accounts have been finally settled, shall be punished by arresto
mayor, or a fine ranging from Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) to Two hundred
thousand pesos (P200,000), or both. (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August
29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \
lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \
rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\
\af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \
sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \
fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \
afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \
f4 ART. 220. Illegal use of public funds or property.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \
ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \uc1 \
u8212 ? Any public officer who shall apply any public fund or property under his
administration to any public Arte. 218-220 CRIMES COMMITTED BY PUBLIC OFFICERS
O7DHTCV4O7DHTCV4PR18A O7DHTCV4 114 THE REVISED PENAL CODE Arts. 221-222 \uc1 \u9733
?Now National. H *1 use other than for which such fund or property were
appropriated by law or ordinance shall suffer the penalty of prision correctional
in its minimum period or a fine ranging from one-half to the total of the sum
misapplied, if by reason of such misapplication, any damages or embarrassment shall
have resulted to the public service. In either case, the offender shall also suffer
the penalty oftemporary special disqualification. If no damage or embarrassment to
the public service has resulted, the penalty shall be a fine from 5 to 50 percent
ofthe sum misapplied.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch
\ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \
lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \
af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2
\hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0
\sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \
f4 ART. 221. Failure to make delivery }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \
of public}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 funds or property.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22
\ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \uc1 \
u8212 ? Any public officer under obligation to make payment from Government funds
in his possession, who shall fail to make such payment, shall be punished by
arresto mayor and a fine from five (5) to twenty-five
(25) percent of the sum which he failed to pay. This provision shall apply to any
public officer who, being ordered by competent authority to deliver any property in
his custody or under his administration, shall refuse to make such delivery. The
fine shall be graduated in such case by the value of the thing: Provided, That it
shall not be less than Ten thousand pesos (PIO,000). (As amended by RA. No. 10951,
approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \
lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs22 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 ART. 222. Officers included in the
preceding provisions.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch
\ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \uc1 \u8212 ? The provisions ofthis chapter
shall apply to private individuals who in any capacity whatever, have charge of any
insular,\uc1 \u8217 ? provincial or municipal funds, revenues, or property and to
any administrator or depository of funds or property attached, seized or deposited
by public authority, even if such property belongs to a private individual.}{\rtlch
\fcs1 \af4 \afs22 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \
af4 \loch \f4 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \
ltrch \fcs0 \fs22 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af4 \loch \f4 \par }\
fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 223.
Conniving with or consenting to evasion}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \
fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ? Any
public officer who shall consent to the escape of a prisoner in his custody or
charge, shall be punished: 1. By prision correccional in its medium and maximum
periods and temporary special disqualification in its maximum period to perpetual
special disqualification, if the fugitive shall have been sentenced by final
judgment to any penalty. 2. By prision correccional in its minimum period and
temporary special disqualification, in case the fugitive shall not have been
finally convicted but only held as a detention prisoner for any crime or violation
of law or municipal ordinance.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj \
li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
\adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \
af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 225. Escape of prisoner under the custody of a
person not a public officer. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any private
person to whom the conveyance or custody of a prisoner or person under arrest shall
have been confided, who shall commit any of the offenses mentioned in the two
preceding articles, shall suffer the penalty next lower in degree than that
prescribed for the public officer.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 226. Removal, concealment, or destruction of
documents.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer who shall remove,
destroy or conceal documents or papers officially entrusted to him, shall suffer:
1. The penalty of prision mayor and a fine not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos
(P200,000), whenever serious damage shall have been caused thereby to a third party
or to the public interest. 2. The penalty of prision correccional in its minimum
and medium period and a fine not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000),
whenever the damage caused to a third party or to the public interest shall not
have been serious. In either case, the additional penalty of temporary special
disqualification in its maximum period to perpetual disqualification shall be
imposed. (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approvedAugust 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2
\afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 227. Officer breaking
seal. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer charged with the custody
of papers or property sealed by proper authority, who shall break the seals or
permit them to be broken, shall suffer the penalties of prisi6n correctional in
its minimum and medium periods, temporary special disqualification and a fine not
exceeding Four hundred thousand pesos(P400,000). (As amended by R.A. No. 10951,
approved August 29, 2017) .}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 228. Opening of closed documents}{\rtlch \
fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \
loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer not included in the provisions of the
next preceding article who, without proper authority, shall open or shall permit to
be opened any closed papers, documents or objects entrusted to his custody, shall
suffer the penalties of arresto mayor, temporary special disqualification and a
fine not exceeding Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000). (As amended by R.A. No.
10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 229. Revelation ofsecrets by an officer.}{\
\af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ?Any public officer who shall reveal any secret known
to him by reason of his official capacity, or shall wrongfully deliver papers or
copies of papers of which he may have charge and which should not be published,
shall suffer the penalties of prision correctional in its medium and maximum
periods, perpetual special disqualification and a fine not exceeding Four hundred
thousand pesos (P400,000) if the revelation of such
secrets or the delivery of such papers shall have caused serious damage to the
public interest; otherwise, the penalties of prision correctional in its minimum
period, temporary special, disqualification and a fine not exceeding One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000) shall be imposed. (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved
August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
f2 ART. 230. Public officer revealing secrets ofprivate individual}{\rtlch \fcs1 \
f2 , \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer to whom the secrets of any private individual
shall become known by reason of his office who shall reveal such secrets, shall
suffer the penalties of arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding Two hundred thousand
pesos (P200,000). (As amended by RA. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \
loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \
slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \
Open disobedience}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ? Any judicial or executive
officer who shall openly refuse to execute the judgment, decision or order of any
superior authority made within the scope of the jurisdiction of the latter and
issued with all the legal formalities, shall suffer the penalties of arresto mayor
in its medium period to prision correccional in its minimum period, temporary
special disqualification in its maximum period and a fine not exceeding Two hundred
thousand pesos (P200,000). (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29,
2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \
itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \
ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART.
232. Disobedience to order of superior officer, when said order was suspended by
inferior officer}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ?Any public officer who, having
for any reason suspended the execution of the orders of his superiors, shall
disobey such superiors after the latter have disapproved the suspension, shall
suffer the penalties of prisidn correctional in its minimum and medium periods and
perpetual special disqualification}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 233. Refusal of assistance,}{\rtlch \fcs1 \
f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalties of arresto mayor in its medium period to prision
correctional in its minimum period, perpetual special disqualification and a fine
not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000), shall be imposed upon a public
officer who upon demand from competent authority, shall fail to lend his
cooperation towards the administration of justice or other public service, if such
failure shall result in serious damage to the public interest, or to a third party;
otherwise, arresto mayor in its medium and maximum periods and a fine not exceeding
One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000) shall be imposed. (As amended by R.A. No.
10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 234. Refusal to discharge elective office.}{\
\af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of arresto mayor or a fine not exceeding
Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000), or both, shall be imposed upon any person
who, having been elected by popular election to a public office, shall refuse
without legal motive to be sworn in or to discharge the duties of said office. (As
amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 235. Maltreatment of
prisoners.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of prision correctional
in its medium period to prision mayor in its minimum period, in addition to his
liability for the physical injuries or damage caused, shall be imposed upon any
public officer or employee who shall overdo himself in the correction or handling
of a prisoner or detention prisoner under his charge,by the imposition of
punishments not authorized by the regulations, or by inflicting such punishments in
a cruel and humiliating manner. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 If the purpose of the maltreatment is to
extort a confession, or to obtain some information from the prisoner, the offender
shall be punished by prision mayor in its minimum period, temporary special
disqualification and a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000), in
addition to his liability for the physical injuries or damage caused. (As amended
by RA. No. 10951, approvedAugust 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \
fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj
\li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 236. Anticipation of duties of a
public office}{\rtlch
\fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2
\loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ?Any person who shall assume the performance ofthe duties
and powers of any public officer or employment, without first, being sworn in or
having given the bond required by law shall be suspended from such office or
employment until he shall have complied with the respective formalities and shall
be fined from Forty thousand pesos (P40,000) to One hundred thousand pesos
(P100,000). (As amended by RA.. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \
Prolonging performance of duties and powers.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0
\fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any
public officer who shall continue to exercise the duties and powers ofhis office,
employment or commission, beyond the period provided by law, regulation or special
provisions applicable to the case, shall suffer the penalties of prision
correccional in its minimum period, special temporary disqualification}{\rtlch \
ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 in its
minimum period and a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000). (As
amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 238. Abandonment of
office or position. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any public officer who,
before the acceptance of his resignation, shall abandon his office to the detriment
of the public service shall suffer the penalty of arresto mayor. If such office
shall have been abandoned in order to evade the discharge of the duties of
preventing, prosecuting or punishing any ofthe crime falling within Title One, and
Chapter One of Title Three of Book Two of this Code, the offender shall be punished
by prision correctional in its minimum and medium periods, and by arresto mayor if
the purpose of such abandonment is to evade the duty of preventing, prosecuting or
punishing any other crime.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 Section Three. \uc1 \u8212 ?
Usurpation ofpowers and unlawful appointments}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
\af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 239. Usurpation of legislative powers}{\
\af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalties of prision correctional in its minimum
period, temporary special disqualification and a fine not exceeding Two hundred
thousand pesos (P200,000) shall be imposed upon any public officer who shall
encroach upon the powers of the legislative branch of the Government, either by
making general rules or regulations beyond the scope of his authority, or by
attempting to repeal a law or suspending the execution thereof. (As amended by R.A.
No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 240. Usurpation of executive functions.}{\rtlch
\fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \
af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Any judge who shall so assume any power pertaining to
the executive authorities, or shall obstruct the latter in the lawful exercise of
their powers, shall suffer the penalty ofarresto mayorin its medium period
toprision correctional in its minimum period.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
\af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 241. Usurpation of judicial functions.}
{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \
hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? The penalty of arresto mayor in its medium
period to prision correctional in its minimum period shall be imposed upon any
officer ofthe executive branch ofthe Government who shall assume judicial powers or
shall obstruct the execution of any order or decision rendered by any judge within
his jurisdiction.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
f2 ART. 242. Disobeying request for disqualification.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \
ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \
u8212 ? Any public officer who, before the question of jurisdiction is decided,
shall continue any proceeding after having been lawfully required to refrain from
so doing, shall be punished by arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,00Q). (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29,
2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \
af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \
pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \
itap0 \ls0 \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\rtlch \
fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch
\dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 243. Orders or requests by executive officers
to any judicial authority}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \u8212 ? Any executive officer
who shall address any order or suggestion to any judicial authority with respect to
any case or business coming within the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts
ofjustice shall suffer the penalty of arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding One
hundred thousand pesos (P100,000). (As amended by R.A. No. 10951, approvedAugust
29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \
hich \af2 \loch \f2 ART. 244. Unlawful appointments}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \
ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 . \uc1 \
u8212 ? Any public officer who shall knowingly nominate or appoint to any}{\rtlch \
loch \f2 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 public office any person
lacking the legal qualifications therefor, shall suffer the penalty of arresto
mayor and a fine not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000). (As amended
by R.A. No. 10951, approved August 29, 2017)}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0
\fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \par }\pard \plain \
qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl276 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \
rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 Section Four. \uc1 \u8212 ?Abuses
against chastity}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \
f2 ART. 245. Abuses against chastity}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 \uc1 \u8212 ? Penalties. \
uc1 \u8212 ? The penalties of prision correccional in its medium and maximum
periods \uc1 \u8216 ? and \uc1 \u8226 ?. temporary special disqualification shall
be imposed;}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
listtext \pard \plain \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \
af0 \f1 1. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \
dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 Upon any public officer who shall * solicit or make
immoral or indecent advances to a woman interested in matters pending before such
officer for decision, or with respect to which he is required to submit a report to
or consult with a superior officer;}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
\af0 \loch \af0 {\listtext \pard \plain \fs21 \kerning2 \rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \
hich \af0 \loch \af0 \f1 2. }{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \kerning2
\rtlch \ltrch \dbch \af2 \hich \af2 \loch \f2 2. Any warden or other public officer
directly charged with the care the custody of prisoners or persons under arrest who
shall solicit or make immoral or indecent advances to a woman under his custody.If
the person solicited be the wife, daughter, sister or relative within the same
degree by affinity of any person in the custody of such warden or officer, the
penalties shall be prision correccional in its minimum and medium periods and
temporary special disqualification.}{\rtlch \fcs1 \af2 \afs24 \ltrch \fcs0 \fs24 \
par }}

Criminal Law Notes JP

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