PE HOMEWORK

1. Overview of the Origins of Hip-Hop Culture:

Hip-hop culture emerged in the 1970s in the South Bronx, New York City, primarily among
African American and Latino youth. It was a response to socio-economic challenges, including
poverty, crime, and discrimination, prevalent in urban communities during that time. The origins
of hip-hop can be traced back to block parties and gatherings where DJs would play funk, soul,
and disco records, using turntables and mixers to create new sounds.

2. The Four Elements of Hip-Hop:

a. MCing/Rapping:
MCing, or rapping, involves rhythmic speech delivery over a beat. MCs use intricate rhymes,
wordplay, and storytelling to convey messages, express emotions, and engage with the
audience. Rapping serves as a form of self-expression and has become a powerful tool for
addressing social issues within the hip-hop community.

b. Disk Jockey:
The DJ is a central figure in hip-hop culture, responsible for selecting and mixing music, often
using turntables, vinyl records, and audio equipment to create unique sounds. DJs play a crucial
role in maintaining the energy and atmosphere of hip-hop events, such as parties and battles,
and contribute to the evolution of hip-hop music through their innovative techniques.

c. Graffiti Art:
Graffiti art is a visual expression of hip-hop culture, characterized by elaborate murals, tags, and
designs spray-painted on public spaces, such as walls and trains. Graffiti artists use vibrant
colors and intricate patterns to convey messages, showcase their skills, and claim territory
within their communities. Graffiti serves as a form of self-expression and cultural identity for
many within the hip-hop community.

d. Breakdancing:
Breakdancing, also known as B-boying or B-girling, is a dynamic form of dance that originated
alongside hip-hop music. It incorporates intricate footwork, acrobatic moves, and improvisation,
often performed to the rhythm of breakbeats. Breakdancing competitions, known as battles, are
common in hip-hop culture and provide a platform for dancers to showcase their skills,
creativity, and athleticism.

3. Hip-Hop Music from Late 90s to Early 2000s:

Hip-hop music from the late 90s to the early 2000s saw the rise of influential artists and
subgenres, including gangsta rap, East Coast vs. West Coast rivalry, and the emergence of
Southern hip-hop. Notable artists from this era include Tupac Shakur, The Notorious B.I.G., Jay-
Z, Nas, Eminem, OutKast, and Wu-Tang Clan. Themes of social commentary, street life, and
personal struggles were prevalent in the lyrics, reflecting the realities of urban life during that
time.

4. Basic Hip-Hop Steps/Moves:

1. The Two-Step: This basic move involves stepping side to side to the beat, shifting your
weight from one foot to the other while keeping your upper body relaxed and moving in
sync with the music.
2. The Wave: Extend your arms out in front of you and move them in a flowing motion,
starting from your fingertips and traveling through your arms and torso. This creates a
wave-like effect, adding fluidity to your movements.

3. The Groove: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and relax your body. Let the
music guide you as you sway, bounce, and groove to the rhythm, incorporating subtle
movements such as head nods, shoulder shrugs, and hip twists.

ART HOMEWORK
 THEATER COMPANY
1. PETA (Philippine Educational
Theater Association)
2. REPERTORY PHILIPPINES
3. TRUMPETS
4. TANGHALANG PILIPINO
SPECIALIZATION
PETA specializes in using theater as a tool
for education, social awareness, and
advocacy. They are known for producing
socially relevant and politically charged
performances that address issues such as
human rights, environmental sustainability,
and cultural identity. PETA also conducts
workshops and outreach programs to engage
communities and promote theater as a
medium for positive change.
Repertory Philippines is one of the leading
English-language theater companies in the
Philippines. They specialize in producing a
wide range of theatrical productions, including
musicals, dramas, comedies, and children's
theater. With a focus on professionalism and
artistic excellence, Repertory Philippines
showcases both classic and contemporary
works, attracting audiences of all ages and
backgrounds.
Trumpets is renowned for its groundbreaking
musical theater productions in the Philippines.
They specialize in creating original Filipino
musicals that combine elements of drama,
comedy, music, and dance. With a
commitment to innovation and creativity,
Trumpets has produced numerous hit
productions that have become iconic in
Philippine theater history. They are known for
their vibrant storytelling, memorable songs,
and spectacular performances.
Tanghalang Pilipino is the resident theater
company of the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP), dedicated to promoting
Filipino culture and heritage through theater
arts. They specialize in producing Filipino-
language plays and adaptations of classic
and contemporary Philippine literature.
Tanghalang Pilipino aims to preserve and
celebrate Filipino cultural identity while
exploring relevant social issues and themes
through their performances. They also
prioritize the development of Filipino
playwrights, directors, and actors, contributing
 to the growth and sustainability of Philippine
theater.

MUSIC HOMEWORK
Opera:
1. La Loba Negra:
Short Storyline: La Loba Negra is a Filipino opera based on the novel "La Loba Negra" written
by Florentino Collantes. It tells the story of a woman named Catalina, who is determined to seek
revenge after being wronged by society and her lover.
First Production and Venue: The opera was first produced in 1984 by the Cultural Center of
the Philippines (CCP) in Manila, Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Ryan Cayabyab
Composer: Ryan Cayabyab
Choreographer: Not applicable (opera typically doesn't involve choreography)
Scriptwriter: Not applicable (based on the novel by Florentino Collantes)

2. El Filibusterismo: The Opera:

Short Storyline: El Filibusterismo: The Opera is based on the novel "El Filibusterismo" by Dr.
Jose Rizal, which is a sequel to his more famous work, "Noli Me Tangere." The opera follows
the protagonist, Simoun, as he seeks vengeance against the Spanish colonial government and
the corrupt elite.
First Production and Venue: The opera premiered in 1992 at the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) in Manila, Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Ryan Cayabyab
Composer: Ryan Cayabyab
Choreographer: Not applicable
Scriptwriter: Not applicable (based on the novel by Dr. Jose Rizal)

Ballet:
1. Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang:
Short Storyline: Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang is a ballet inspired by three short stories
written by Severino Reyes under the pen name "Lola Basyang." The ballet consists of three
separate tales: "Ang Prinsipe ng Mga Ibon," "Ang Kapatid ng Tatlong Marya," and "Ang
Mahiwagang Biyulin."
First Production and Venue: The ballet premiered in 2009 at the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) in Manila, Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Ryan Cayabyab
Composer: Ryan Cayabyab
Choreographer: Agnes Locsin
Scriptwriter: Not applicable (based on the short stories by Severino Reyes)

2. Rama Hari:
Short Storyline: Rama Hari is a Filipino ballet based on the Indian epic, Ramayana. It tells the
story of Prince Rama's quest to rescue his wife, Sita, from the demon king, Ravana.
First Production and Venue: The ballet premiered in 1980 at the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) in Manila, Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Ryan Cayabyab
Composer: Ryan Cayabyab
Choreographer: Alice Reyes
Scriptwriter: Bienvenido Lumbera

Musical Play:
1. Magsimula Ka: The Musical:
Short Storyline: Magsimula Ka: The Musical is a Filipino musical inspired by the life and works
of National Artist for Literature, Nick Joaquin. It celebrates the Filipino spirit and explores
themes of love, identity, and resilience.
First Production and Venue: The musical premiered in 1991 at the Meralco Theater in Manila,
Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Ryan Cayabyab
Composer: Ryan Cayabyab
Choreographer: Douglas Nierras
Scriptwriter: Bienvenido Lumbera

2. Ang Huling El Bimbo: The Musical:

Short Storyline: Ang Huling El Bimbo: The Musical is a Filipino musical featuring songs by the
iconic Filipino band, Eraserheads. It follows the lives of three friends who reunite after many
years, revisiting their past and confronting the unresolved issues that shaped their friendship.
First Production and Venue: The musical premiered in 2018 at the Newport Performing Arts
Theater in Resorts World Manila, Philippines.
Production:
Musical Director: Myke Salomon
Composer: Eraserheads (original songs)
Choreographer: Dexter Santos
Scriptwriter: Dingdong Novenario