Professional Documents
Culture Documents
This is the scenario most teams imagine when they hear “remote software
development”. Successful teams experience a very different reality.
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Why do businesses
today need distributed
teams?
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Q: Why do businesses today need distributed teams?
A: Beat scarcity.
Business demand continues to outpace available technical talent. Companies today aren’t
content to identify challenges and add them to a list for future completion. We live in a culture
of instant gratification. Complex business challenges are no exception. The problem? The US
market lacks the volume of technical minds needed to quickly think through each solution.
The increased demand for developers, architects, quality assurance engineers and software
testers has driven prices higher than most businesses outside the top echelon of consumer
brands can afford. While some companies are attempting to “buy their way out of the
problem” and offer salaries far above the market average or add-in lavish benefits to attract
and retain talent, others, even top regional powerhouses, have begun to seek alternatives.
Even if a company can find the right people, they are usually in the wrong place and
must be relocated. Many companies aren’t willing to assume this cost so they end up
managing a distributed workforce even without offshoring.
3
9.8 million jobs
will be added to the US economy between 2014-20241
1 in 4
will be technical or healthcare-related
4
Q: Why do businesses today need distributed teams?
A: Scale faster.
You need to grow your capabilities but maintain the same expense objectives. For
many businesses, adopting a distributed culture offers the only option to keep pace with
competitors who are willing to spend larger sums on development talent. To avoid adopting
an on/offshore model, it may seem like a viable option to simply work harder, smarter, faster,
better. It’s not.
Your team will only be willing to work 70 hour weeks and miss family commitments for
so long. Sacrificing your comparatively smaller team to meet business goals simply isn’t
sustainable. Eventually the talent you need to grow your business will begin to look
elsewhere — maybe to a competitor who has embraced distributed teams.
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Q: Why do businesses today need distributed teams?
A: Test safely.
Remote teams are more risk-effective when exploring new ventures. Consider this scenario:
An enterprise has done preliminary research and decides to enter a market with a new product.
They choose to hire a software team to support the effort including a project manager, two
developers, a solutions architect, a designer and a business analyst. The project takes a year to
complete after which time it is introduced to the market. It fails. Suddenly the enterprise is
faced with a grueling decision: Find new work for the six team members, or let them go.
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Q: Why do businesses today need distributed teams?
A: Jump-start evolution.
Flexible staff offer a degree of separation needed to “shock the system.” Anyone
who has worked at an organization offering a technical product for a period of time has
likely observed a curious phenomena. The hostage taking of an enterprise by the very
people it employs. There is no violence and little discord, just a series of conversations and
recommendations that occur over time steering the business away from technologies
the employees don’t want to work in or learn. In this way, structures, methodologies
or languages considered current 10 years ago — might be vastly outdated in the current
technical climate. Initiative and innovation in the enterprise stalls.
Working with a team that exists outside the physical office space can introduce the degree
of literal and metaphorical distance needed to generate support for more current
tactics and thus educating current staff in the process.
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These challenges aren’t core to the enterprise.
Though, they are certainly felt by large businesses
most acutely. The need to source talent, scale up, test
and evolve affects all businesses with a development
team or development project.
8
Can Agile pair with
distributed teams?
9
History
Naysayers of using Agile with distributed teams will ask, “How can you run
Agile with one team in one place and the rest of the team in another? It’s
not like you can sketch on a whiteboard spanning the Atlantic.”
10
Q: How can Agile pair with distributed teams?
A: Frequent check-ins.
Agile enables discussion around blockers and progress via daily and weekly ceremonies.
It’s true that “individuals and interactions over processes and tools” is a core tenet of Agile
methodology. It is realized through practices like co-location, pair programming and daily scrum
check-ins. Their inclusion serves to increase the number and quality of team interactions.
Daily scrums are a rapid-fire chance to call out blockers or report progress meaningful to the rest
of the members. Sprint planning and reviews are a time to prioritize tasks in scope or report what
works and what should be adjusted. Each ceremony is short or infrequent enough encouraging
even the meeting-averse to stay engaged.
The purpose of these ceremonies holds true for distributed Agile teams and is even more
meaningful — connecting team members that don’t share the same physical space each day.
Though, they are realized differently.
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Q: How can Agile pair with distributed teams?
A: Face-to-face interactions
Evolving technology makes frequent communication nearly seamless. The increase in
computerized call, video and messaging services have made it even easier. The options
to connect with remote team members are overwhelming in their ubiquity.
No one will argue Agile works best with co-located teams. Though, other
efficiencies of distributed teams make up for accommodations made elsewhere
in the software lifecycle.
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Q: How can Agile pair with distributed teams?
Agile project teams are already delivering work stateside. Businesses with offices on the
east and west coast are already navigating the distributed lifestyle — shifting working hours
to accommodate frequent meetings in different time zones.
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Distributed onshore software teams running Agile
build on the successful practices of stateside teams.
Offshore teams exaggerate the scale of each shift.
14
What 7 principles
distinguish successful
distributed Agile teams?
15
Q: How should I organize my Agile distributed team?
While this approach captures the reporting structure, it bears no relation to how work
flows during the project or how commitments are conceived and delivered. Internationally
distributed teams report more success dividing by functional delivery objectives with the
most important goal to group the developers and testers delivering on specific requests. In this
way, detailed stories and requirements can be given to the remote team to work on as well.
Rather than allowing designers and developers to work in a vacuum, this approach allows
all functional team members to ideate together and select a go-forward plan sympathetic
to both disciplines.
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Distributed team org. chart sample
VP
Engineering
VP Product
Developer Developer Developer Developer Strategy
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Q: How should I manage my Agile distributed team?
18
Q: What types of projects should I send to my remote team?
19
Q: Where should I locate my remote team?
Most teams opt to achieve 4 hours of overlap. Teams with an overlap of 2 hours can
succeed with efficient meeting time management.
20
Let’s consider the adjacency between Minneapolis, MN
and New Delhi, India. New Delhi is 10.5 hours ahead of Minneapolis.
To achieve an overlap, US managers working with a remote team could begin work at 4 AM
when it would be 2:30 PM in New Delhi. They could achieve 3.5 hours of overlap until the
remote team leaves at 6 PM. The teams could overlap working schedules again at night for US
employees and early in the morning for Indian employees. The US team could sign on at 8 PM
when it would be 6:30 AM for the remote team.
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Managing a schedule like this would require dramatically shifted schedules for either the host
or remote team. Other European locations (Bulgaria included) offer more overlapping work
time and sustainable schedules for both teams. If US teams begin at 7 AM, they can achieve
six hours of overlap with minimal inconvenience. Only by putting sustainability first can
organizations hosting a remote team decrease the chance for high turnover.
22
Q: Where shoud I locate my remote team?
Bulgaria served as the Soviet center of technical excellence during and after the Cold War.
It’s established legacy of software development continues into the present with HP, IBM,
Microsoft and Oracle all outsourcing technical work to the Eastern European powerhouse.3
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Q: How should I adjust the culture of my host company to
accommodate managers working with the remote team?
Flexibility and understanding will be critical in helping your new tier of leadership make
this shift. Don’t expect these embedded managers to work early and late in addition to
the typical office face-time from 9/5. Let them determine what will work best for their
sanity and their team’s productivity. It might mean you see them less. If they deliver
results, that’s OK.
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Q: How can you maximize the productivity
of an Agile distributed team?
There’s no denying, project work is taxing. Leaders looking for an excuse to fail won’t go the extra yard any
new structure needs to be successful. Blaming the remote team offers an easy out. Successful managers look
forward to working with others to realize the big goal. Leaders who embrace this mentality of collective
success are critical to establish on your remote and host teams. Managing fewer, larger groups improves the
chances you will find leaders comfortable working in the style you need.
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POV Craig Knighton
Teams crafting the best experiences for VP, Strategic Consulting
remote and host teams don’t use a recipe. craig.knighton@mentormate.com
Instead, they rely on a deep understanding
of their needs and the type of sustainable
lifestyle all employees require to thrive. We’ve
successfully managed distributed Agile Twitter: @MentorMate
software teams for over 15 years. www.mentormate.com
1
Hogan, Andrew and Roberts, Brian. (2015).
Monthly Labor Review. Bureau of Labor
Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
Retrieved from:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/
monthlylaborrev.2015.12.003.
2
http://www.computerworld.com/article/2874390/
this-1915-conference-call-made-history.html
3
http://www.zdnet.com/article/when-a-tough-histo-
ry-becomes-your-asset-bulgarias-plan-to-be-a-ma-
jor-force-in-technology/
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