It’s English Time!

It’s English Time!

Let us pray.
Good Morning!
QUARTER 2 MODULE 1:
Language of Research, Campaign,
and Advocacy
WHAT I KNOW
PAGE 2
Let’s check!
 LESSON 1:
LANGUAGE OF RESEARCH

OBJECTIVE
Recognize the different
literary text types
WHAT’S IN
Literary Text Types
Kinds of Language
Literary Devices
Let’s refresh!
Literary Text Types
Page 3
 TYPE
Descriptive
Which type of text
would be the most Narrative

useful in developing Expository

the following topics? Persuasive
Argumentative
 DESCRIPTIVE

A beach destination in Sarangani

 ARGUMENTATIVE

Should vaccinations be required for

students to attend public school?
 NARRATIVE

First travel away from home

 EXPOSITORY

The effects of procrastination

 DESCRIPTIVE

A mysterious stuff at home

 EXPOSITORY

COVID19 Vaccine Effectivity

 PERSUASIVE

It is absolutely certain that media

can influence political decisions.
 ARGUMENTATIVE

Should graffiti be considered art or

vandalism?
 NARRATIVE

Month-long lockdown experiences

 Text Types
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

is a text that creates a picture of a person,

place, thing or event. It also tells what
something looks, sounds, smells, tastes or
feels like.
 Text Types
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

a. There was a man.

b. There was a big man with short curly

hair, brown teeth and a flat nose. A scar
crossed his right cheek from ear to chin.
 Text Types
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

a. The waves are racing towards the shore.

b. The waves rolled along the shore in

graceful, gentle rhythm, as if dancing with
the land.
 Text Types
DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

a. The sun sets in the west.

b. The sunset filled the sky with a deep red

flame, setting the clouds ablaze.
 Text Types
NARRATIVE TEXT

is a text that tells a series of events in

chronological order
First travel away from home
 Text Types
EXPOSITORY TEXT

is a text that provides explanation of a

specific topic; gives facts, reasons,
explanations or examples with supporting
details and conclusions about the topic
 Text Types
PERSUASIVE TEXT

– is a text that aims to present a point of

view and seek to convince a reader
 Text Types
PERSUASIVE TEXT

SPECIAL OFFER! Buy today! Would you

want to miss this SPECIAL offer? Phone
NOW…
 Text Types
ARGUMENTATIVE TEXT

is a text that attempts to present and

explain the issue or case, gives reasons and
supports these reasons to prove its point
and refutes or proves wrong the opposing
argument
 PERSUASIVE TEXT
School uniforms and why students wear them has been a topic
of concern and debate for as long as these clothes have been
around. Though people who argue that wearing uniforms in
educational institutions make people appear all equal, give a
sense of community, and teach discipline, I believe there are
more disadvantages to wearing uniforms than advantages.
Namely, demanding students to adorn uniforms takes away
freedom, they are often uncomfortable, they are a waste of
money, they promote conformity over individuality, and
children’s self-image is damaged more when they wear uniforms
 ARGUMENTATIVE TEXT
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to
people through female Anopheles mosquitoes. Each year, over half a billion
people will become infected with malaria, with roughly 80% of them living
in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly half a million people die of malaria every
year, most of them young children under the age of five. Unlike many
other infectious diseases, the death toll for malaria is rising. While there
have been many programs designed to improve access to malaria
treatment, the best way to reduce the impact of malaria in Sub-Saharan
Africa is to focus on reducing the number of people who contract the
disease in the first place, rather than waiting to treat the disease after the
person is already infected.
 Text Types
ARGUMENTATIVE TEXT VS. PERSUASIVE TEXT

Argumentative text relies Persuasive text relies on

on logical reasons that are
all substantiated by facts,
data, expert quotes, and
evidence.
opinions and feelings. The
writer uses his own passion
and plays off the reader’s
emotions to get what he
wants.
Let’s refresh!
Idioms
Page 4
Describe the following
pictures in the most
literal way.
Saved by the bell
Window Shopping
Sugar Daddy
Brain Freeze
Playing with Fire
Paper Jam
Couch Potato
Hold your horses
 Idiomatic Expressions

These are expressions that cannot be

understood from the meaning of its
individual words but has a separate
meaning of its own.
 On a separate sheet,
match the idioms to
their correct meanings.
Use only the letters.
1 Saved by the bell A doing something dangerous
E
2 Window shopping B an occasion when someone cannot think clearly,
F or cannot remember something
3 Sugar daddy G C a lazy and inactive person
4 Brain
B freeze D wait a moment
5 Playing with
A fire E rescued from difficulty at the last second
6 Paper jam F the activity of looking at goods displayed in
H shop windows, especially without intending to
buy anything.
7 Couch potato G a rich older man who lavishes gifts on a young
C woman in return for her company
8 Hold your horses H an instance of paper becoming stuck in a printer
D
Let’s refresh!
Figures of Speech
Page 4
 Figures of Speech
SIMILE ALLITERATION
PERSONIFICATION ONOMATOPOEIA
METAPHOR
APOSTROPHE
HYPERBOLE
IRONY
 Figures of Speech

1. Like burnt-out torches by

a sick man's bed

SIMILE
 Figures of Speech

2. When the stars threw down

their spears, And watered heaven
with their tears
PERSONIFICATION
 Figures of Speech
3. Her eyes were diamonds.

METAPHOR
 Figures of Speech

4. The bag of gifts weighs a ton!

HYPERBOLE
 Figures of Speech

5. Betty Botter bought some

butter, but she said, this butter’s
bitter!

ALLITERATION
 Figures of Speech

6. Swoosh, the basketball flew

smoothly through the net and the
game was won.

ONOMATOPOEIA
 Figures of Speech

7. “Oh, Starbucks, how I love you!

Your medium dark roast allowed
me to survive that meeting!”

APOSTROPHE
 Figures of Speech

8. The thieves robbed the police

station.

IRONY
 Figure of Speech
is a word or phrase using figurative
language—language that has other meaning
than its normal definition. In other words,
figures of speeches rely on implied or
suggested meaning, rather than a dictionary
definition.
Let’s refresh!
Jargon
Page 4
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL

METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE

SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
LAND NO PROBABLE
ANTIBODY
CLASSIFICATION CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
HERBICIDE- MYOCARDIAL
PAROLE
TOLERANT INFARCTION
Find the six words
that can be related
to the field of
MEDICINE.
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL
METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE
SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
ANTIBODY LAND CLASSIFICATION NO PROBABLE CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
MYOCARDIAL
HERBICIDE-TOLERANT PAROLE
INFARCTION
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL

METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE

SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
LAND NO PROBABLE
ANTIBODY
CLASSIFICATION CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
HERBICIDE- MYOCARDIAL
PAROLE
TOLERANT INFARCTION
Find the six words
that can be related
to the field of
AGRICULTURE.
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL
METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE
SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
ANTIBODY LAND CLASSIFICATION NO PROBABLE CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
MYOCARDIAL
HERBICIDE-TOLERANT PAROLE
INFARCTION
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL

METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE

SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
LAND NO PROBABLE
ANTIBODY
CLASSIFICATION CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
HERBICIDE- MYOCARDIAL
PAROLE
TOLERANT INFARCTION
Find the six words
that can be related
to the field of
LAW.
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL
METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE
SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
ANTIBODY LAND CLASSIFICATION NO PROBABLE CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
MYOCARDIAL
HERBICIDE-TOLERANT PAROLE
INFARCTION
 SUBSOILING BURDEN OF PROOF SEED DRILL

METACARPAL
CHEMOTHERAPY SUBPOENA
FRACTURE

SOIL-MOISTURE
PROSECUTOR ECHOCARDIOGRAM
TENSIOMETER
LAND NO PROBABLE
ANTIBODY
CLASSIFICATION CAUSE
CEREBROVASCU
HABEAS CORPUS POULTRY
LAR ACCIDENT
HERBICIDE- MYOCARDIAL
PAROLE
TOLERANT INFARCTION
 Jargon

It is a language used by a particular group

of people.
 Jargon

ACETAMINOPHEN
=
PARACETAMOL
 Jargon

SODIUM CHLORIDE
=
SALT
 Jargon

CEPHALGIA
=
HEADACHE
 Jargon

EPISTAXIS
=
NOSE BLEED
Let’s refresh!
Colloquial
Page 4
Give the equivalent
and shortened
term of the
following:
Going + to = Gonna
Got + to = Gotta
Want + to = Wanna
Let + me = Lemme
Give + me = Gimme
Kind + of = Kinda
Don’t, Doesn’t
= Dunno
+ know
comfortable = comfy
 Colloquial

This refers to the informal language used

by ordinary people in everyday speech. Its
vocabulary may last longer.
Let’s refresh!
Slang
Page 4
 Identify the
non-standard words
used in the following
sentences.
Dude, the party last
night was lit! Where
were you?
Dude, the party last
night was lit! Where
were you?
OMG! Did you hear
Cristina ghosted
Matt?
OMG! Did you hear
Cristina ghosted
Matt?
Andrew’s trying to
flex with that new
no-name smartphone
of his.
Andrew’s trying to
flex with that new
no-name smartphone
of his.
I’m shook! I need to
watch it!
I’m shook! I need to
watch it!
Steven’s been a real
sad boi lately,
always in the feels.
Steven’s been a real
sad boi lately,
always in the feels.
 Slang

This refers to the informal language used

by certain groups of people in everyday life
specifically teenagers. Vocabulary is
created by the users, thus it is most likely
to change with time.
The Language of Research
Crossword Puzzle
Crossword Puzzle
Page 5
Crossword Puzzle
Page 5
 What is Research?
Research is a systematic investigation and a study of
materials and sources to establish facts and reach new
conclusion.

This is widely recognized as an important tool for solving

man’s various problems and in making life more useful and
convenient. The modern gadgets that we use today, the
medicines that give us relief, the tools and equipment that
make our tasks easier are all products of researches
conducted by professionals from various disciplines.
The Language of Research
 What is a literal language?
A B
The garbage The garbage truck
collector puts the eats greedily its
garbage in the meal like a hungry
back of the truck. lion.
 What is a literal language?
Literal language means exactly what it says. It does
not use figures of speech. Instead, it uses the
actual meaning of words or phrases in their exact
sense. Literal language is direct to the point. It is
precise and often tells the reader exactly the point.
Thus, the reader or listener does not have to
extract meaning.
Literal Language
Basic Key Points in Research Language
1. No Figures of Speech
2. No Idiomatic Expressions
3. No Jargons, Slang Words, and Colloquial Expressions
4. No Contractions e.g. It’ll = it will / It’s = it is
5. No Unspecific Amount e.g.
6. No Sexist Words e.g.
7. No Informal Language e.g. like, lots of, kind of, good, bad,
big, little, hard, easy, always, never
Use an exact amount whenever you can. If you don’t
have an exact quantity, then use a more formal word
such as many, countless, myriad, or numerous.

A. Farmers distribute their produce through myriad

distribution channels.
B. Farmer Jane produced 6,000 pounds of zucchini
this year.
 Choosing the Appropriate Words in Research
A (big , large) sample

This model (receives , gets) attention.

This chapter (presents, gives) an overview.

Researchers (always , frequently) argue that…

 Choosing the Appropriate Words in Research
(Also, Morever) the participants were in agreement on the
third question.

(Besides, Additionally) we asked all the participants to sign an

agreement.

A (bad, negative) result

 Choosing the Appropriate Words in Research
(A lot of, many) studies

The sample (is not, isn’t)

The findings were (kind of, somewhat) significant

From 2008 (until, till ) 2012

 Avoid Sexist Words.
Instead of these Consider these
Anchorman Anchor
Businessman Businessperson
Cameraman Camera Operator
Chairman Chair, Chairperson
Clergyman Minister, Pastor
Congressman Member of Congress
Construction Man Construction Worker
Craftsman Artisan
 Avoid Sexist Words.
Fireman Firefighter
Garbage Man Trash Collector
Mailman Postal Worker,
Letter/Mail Carrier
Policeman Police Officer
Salesman Salesperson
Weatherman Meteorologist
What’s More
Page 7
Stylistic Elements of
Research Writing
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
The following statements each express different attitudes about a shabby apartment.
Six different tones are used: optimistic, bitter, tolerant, sentimental, humorous, and
objective.

A. This place may be shabby, but since both of my children were born while we
lived here, it has a special place in my heart.
B. This isn’t the greatest apartment in the world, but it’s not really that bad.
C. If only there were some decent jobs out there, I wouldn’t be reduced to living
in this miserable dump.
D. This place does need some repairs, but I’m sure the landlord will be making
improvements sometime soon.
E. When we move away, we’re planning to release three hundred cockroaches
and tow mice, so we can leave the place exactly as we found it.
F. This is the apartment we live in. It provides shelter.
A.

B.
A.

B.
A.

B.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
 Identify whether the language style used in the sentence is FORMAL or INFORMAL.

FORMAL (a) The project will be completed next year.

INFORMAL (b) I showed that his arguments didn’t hold water.
INFORMAL (c) I wonder why he put up with those terrible conditions for so long.
FORMAL (d) Five more tests will be necessary before the experiment can be
concluded.
FORMAL
FORMAL (e) It is possible to consider the results from a different viewpoint.
INFORMAL (f) It has been proved that the arguments so far are without foundation.
FORMAL (g) He’ll have to do another five tests before he can stop the experiment.
FORMAL (h) It is not clear why such terrible conditions were tolerated for so long.
INFORMAL (i) There are a several reasons why the questionnaire should be revised.
(j) We’ll finish the job next year.
I am sorry but…

We regret to inform you

that…
I am happy to say that…

We have pleasure in
announcing that…
He had to get some money out of a
hole in the wall ...

He withdrew the amount from an

ATM.
If you lose it, then please contact
us as soon as possible.

Any loss of this document should be

reported immediately ...
If you need any help give us a call.

Should you require any assistance,

please feel free to contact us ...
Nice to meet you.

It is a pleasure to meet you.

As soon as you can

At your earliest convenience

What’s up?

How do you do?

 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.

RESEARCH
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.
 RESEARCH

A systematized investigation of an
inquiry with the use of particular
methods to contribute to the body of
knowledge.