The English Verb Tenses (2) 1. Gulp Fiction i Read the passage below, and then choose the correct answer. Vincent has just returned from Europe to the USA and is explaining to his friend Jules, who is planning to go there soon for the first time, some of the cultural differences about food that exist between the United States and Europe. Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: Jules: Vincent: You (1) ...... Europe. But do you know what the funniest thing about Europe is? What? It's the little differences. They (2) ...... a lot of the same things that we've got here, but there, they (3) ...... just a little different For instance? Well, in Amsterdam, you can buy a beer in a movie theater. And | (4) ...... in a paper cup, either. They give you a glass of beer, like when you're in a bar. In Paris, you can buy a beer in McDonald's. Also, do you know what they call a Quarter Pounder with Cheese in Paris? They don't calll it a Quarter Pounder with Cheese, do they? No, they (6) ...... the metric system there for over 200 years, so they wouldn't know what a Quarter Pounder is. What do they call it? Royale with Cheese. Royale with Cheese, hmm! What do they call a Big Mac? A Big Mac is a Big Mac, but they call it Le Big Mac What do they call a Whopper? I don’t know. | (6) ...... into Burger King. But you know what they put on French fries in Holland instead of ketchup, don't you? What? Mayonnaise. Goddamn! My reaction was similar when | first (7) ...... them do it. And | don't mean a little bit on the side of the plate—they really drown them in it Uucech! You know the way you can get a refill of coffee or cola here whenever you want, don't you? Yeah. Well, in London, they just look at you strangely if you want one. Check this out! You have to pay for another one. You (8) ......, aren't you? No, (9) ...... itto you straight. Which hand (10)....... you normally ...... to hold your fork? My right hand. So, how do you cut your steak? hold the knife in my right hand and the fork in my left, and when | (14) ...... cutting it, [put my knife down and switch the fork to my right hand In Europe, they hold their fork on the left and knife on the right, and they continue to eat using both of them until they (12) ...... their meal, Sheesh! | don’t know how I (13) ...... in Europe. That's just what others do, You don't have to copy them—just be yourself. It all sounds a bit complicated. 1 (14) ...... there for a few years now, so | know the drill, But you (15) ...... used to it; anyway, most things are the same, and it's the differences that make it interesting, (Adapted from the screenplay of Pulp Fiction, by Quentin Tarantino)A) liked B) have liked ©) like D) will like E) had liked A) had had B) are having €) have D) were having E) will have had A) are going to be B) have been C) will be D) had been E) are A) hadn't meant B) don’t mean C) won't mean D) haven't meant E) am not meaning A) have had B) are having C) had D) have E) have been having A) didn't go B) wasn't going C) hadn't gone D) haven't gone E) am not going A) was seeing B) saw C) had seen D) have seen E) will see A) joke B) were joking C) have been joking D) joked E) are joking 10. 12. 14, A) told B) have told C) was telling D) am telling E) will tell A) werelusing B) did/use C) arelusing D) do/use E) have/used A) have finished B) was finishing C) finished D) am finishing &) had finished A) will finish B) were finishing C) have finished D) finished E) are finishing A) had got on B) have got on C) get on D) am going to get on E) got on A) was going B) had gone C) go D) went E) have been going A) got B) will get C) have got D) have been getting E) had got2. Life at the Dorm Anne is a first-year college student living away from home, in a school dormitory, for the first time. She has been there for one month, and now she is calling home to update her parents on what she has been doing. Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms, Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms, Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Anne: Ms. Wells: Hello? Hey, Mum! It's me, Anne! Anne! How (1) ...... it......? What (2) ...... you ...... for the last few weeks? Well, | (3) ..... a lot of studying since | got here, | can tell you that! What?!? Why not? Oh, come on, Mum! Teachers never (4) ...... you much work in the first few weeks of class. You should know that! So, for a couple of weeks | (5) ...... a lot of time just meeting people and hanging out and stuff like that. Lots of really strange and interesting people (6) ...... this university this year, you know. And what (7) ...... You ...... of your roommate? Claire? She's absolutely crazy! (8) ..... you ...... what she (9) ...... last night? Oh my God ... Well, you see, the night before last night one of her friends from the dorm (10) .. her all night long to drink an entire gallon* of milk without stopping for breath Oh my God ... You see, Claire (11) ...... famous around the dorm for doing crazy things. So anyway, two nights ago Claire (12) ...... really tired when her friend (13) ...... her to do that, but she (14) ...... to do it the next night, And so last night, she (15) ...! But before she (16) ...... the gallon entirely, she (17) ...... laughing, and then WHOOSH! the milk (18) ...... from her nose and everyone (19) ...... hysterically! You (20) ...... such insane things yourself, | hope Not yet. What on earth (24) ...... you ‘not yet"?!? Well, since this morning, Claire (22) ...... me that, in order to prove my worth, tonight | (23) ...... to put— What! What! —put on a clown suit, She (24) ...... this full clown suit that she (28) ...... for Halloween a couple of years ago, and anyway, in a couple of hours | (26) .... that. Actually, | (27) ...... it on already. | (28) ...... a clown suit even now! Is that all? That's not so terrible, is it? Well, | (29) ...... on a bicycle tonight, too. In the clown suit. | (30) ...... all around campus and, while | (31) ...... that, | (32) ...... "My Favourite Things” at the top of my lungs. Oh my God! (33) ...... everyone ...... completely insane at college? Oh, calm down! It (34) ....... good fun And when (36) ...... you ...... studying? Don't worry! I'm sure that | (36) ...... by the time you and Dad (37) ...... down to visit me, finally. In fact, | (38) ...... a little tonight, but then Claire (39) ...... that 1 do this crazy clown thing, | certainly (40) ...... this Claire person a little talk sometime soon “A gallon is equal to approximately 3.8 litres.10. A) was...going B) did...go ©) will...go D) had...gone E) is...going A) will...be doing B) have...been doing C) are...doing D) had... been doing E) were...doing A) haven't done B) didn't do C) wasn't doing E) don't do D) am not doing A) had given C) give B) gave D) were giving E) will have given A) will spend B) will have spent C) spend D) have been spending E) had spent A) are attending B) have attended C) attended D) had attended E) will have attended A)have...thought ——_B) are...thinking C) were...thinking —_D) will...think E) do...think A) Did....know B) Have...known C) Will...know D) Had...known E) Do...know A) had done B) has done C) did D) will have done E) has been doing A) will be daring B) was going to dare C) has dared D) has been daring E) had been daring ee 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 7h 18. 19. 20. A) has become B) becomes C) will become D) had become E) will have become A) is feeling B) was feeling C) has felt D) has been feeling E) had felt A) has dared C) will dare B) dares D) dared E) had been daring A) has promised B) is promising C) promised D) had been promising E) will have promised A) was doing B) did C) had done D) had been doing E) has done A) had finished 8) finishes C) has finished D) was finishing E) had been finishing A) starts B) will start C) has started D) started E) will have started A) has sprayed B) was spraying C) had sprayed 3} is going to spray E) had been spraying A) had been laughing B) was laughing C) has laughed D) will laugh E) has been laughing A) weren't going to do B) hadn't been doing C) won't have done D) hadn't done E) aren't doing4 ee 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. A) will...mean B) have...meant C) do...mean D) had...meant E) will...have meant A) has been telling B) told C) had told D) tells E) is telling A) had B) have had C) will have D) was having E) am having A) has owned B) owns C) owned D) will own E) had owned A) will have worn B) wears C) has worn D) wore E) has been wearing A) had done B) have been doing C) have done D) do E) will be doing A) have been putting B) was putting C) put D) had put E) have put A) am wearing B) wore C) have worn D) will wear E) have been wearing A) have been B) am going to be C) had been D) was going to be E) will have been A) have been riding B) have ridden C) will be riding D) had ridden E) ride 34. 32. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. A) was doing B) have done C) am doing D) will have done E) will be doing A) am singing B) will have sung C) sang D) will be singing E) have been singing chave gone “be going gone D) Was...going E) Does...go A) was going tobe —_B) has been C) was D) will be E) had been A) will. .have been starting B) were....starting €) have...started D) are...going to start E) had...started A) will have startled —_B) had started C) have started D) am starting E) had been starting A) had come B) will have come C) are coming D) come E) are going to come A) am studying B) am going to study C) will have studied D) study E) was going to study A) was going to insist B) will insist C) insisted D) insists E) will have insisted A) will have given B) am going to give C) was giving D) have been giving E) give3. Ralph Ellison, The Insivible Man A | Read the following passage and then choose the correct answer. In 1994, American writer Ralph Ellison died, at the age of eighty. Shortly before his death, he had told a friend that his second novel was almost finished. For four decades, he had worked on the novel—but he never got the chance to complete it But Ellison's first novel, 1952's Invisible Man, has guaranteed his high reputation. The novel is about a nameless black man’s search for his identity and place in society. As soon as it was published, Ellison was called a major new writer. s Invisible Man won the National Book Award, which is a great 5 Bie Sx 29d Uncommon honour fora first novel. Since then, millions of “copies have been printed, and the book is still used in many Ralph Ellison high schools and colleges throughout the United States. ———" “Invisible Man changed the way that white Americans thought about black Americans. It also changed the way that black Americans thought about themselves. And it caused major disagreements among both black and white critics. Some black critics said that the book was too negative in its tone. Ellison was also criticized because he said that a writer should learn writing skills before he or she tries to express political ideas. Some white critics refused to accept Ellison because he did not write out of direct anger at whites They wanted him to write out of the colour of his skin, and not out of his mind. 4. We learn from the passage that Ralph. Ellison ... A) was looking for a place in society B) made [ats of money from his writing C) only finished writing one novel D) wasn't satisfied with the success of his first novel E) gave his friend a copy of his second novel 2. We can understand from the passage that Invisible Man .... A) was the first novel that earned the National Book Award B) continues to be a popular book in the United States C) is the only book by a black writer to win the National Book Award D) was one of the best selling books of the year 1952 E) has a story that takes place in high school and college Itis understood from the passage that Ralph Ellison .... A) believed that writing skills were fundamental B) had a lot of anger towards white people C) considered himself to be an important new writer D) did not have any political ideas E) held very traditional ideas about black Americans . We can conclude from the passage that Invisible Man A) was very similar to the second novel that Ralph Ellison was writing B) did not actually receive any positive reviews when it was published C) took about forty years to be written D) does not actually have any white characters in it E) looked at American society in a different way|B | In the following passages, find the missing sentence of the passage. (Ralph Elisor ie 1964) 4. Ralph Waldo Ellison was born on 4 March 1914, in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. His father, Lewis Ellison, named him after the famous American poet and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson. He did this because he wanted to bring his son up to be a poet. ...... . After this tragedy, Ralph’s mother, Ida, had to support the family by cleaning people’s houses. A) Ralph's grandparents had been slaves in the 19th century B) Many poets use abbreviations of their full names, like W.B Yeats and TS. Eliot C) Ralph.also had a younger brother named Herbert D) Lewis Ellison worked as a seller of ice and coal E) Ralph’s father died when Ralph was three years old 2. Early in his life, Ralph Ellison became very interested in music. ....... She would take home old records for him from the houses where she worked. Ralph especially liked the jazz records that she brought, and he even played trumpet in his high school band. His dream at this time was to start writing serious music. A) Among Ralph's friends were trumpeter Hot Lips Page and singer Jimmy Rushing B) His mother Ida always did her best to support this interest C) Reading was another one of Ralph's favourite pastimes D) As a child, Ralph and his friends wanted to be "Renaissance men" E) Ida Millsap had got married to Lewis Ellison in the state of Tennessee In 1933, Ralph Ellison entered the "Tuskegee Institute, a black university in the state of Alabama. He had a scholarship to study music there. . And so, in 1936, he moved to New York City, where he hoped to be able to make more money and study music and sculpture. But then, he met two men who would change his life forever. A) It was at this time that Ellison first read TS. Eliot's poem The Waste Land B) The music teachers at Tuskegee at that time thought that jazz was primitive C) Ralph also enjoyed his sociology classes, as well as Tuskegee’s outdoor classrooms D) However, that money was not enough, and Ralph had to drop out of school E) Music had not originally been a subject at the Tuskegee Institute, which began as a teacher training college Ralph Ellison’s meeting with Langston Hughes and Richard Wright changed his life. At the time, Hughes was a famous author and Wright was still unknown. Both men encouraged Ellison to concentrate on writing. With this organization's financial aid, Ellison was able to start writing seriously. A) Because Ellison had money trouble, they also helped him join the Federal Writers’ Project B) Writing seriously takes a lot of concentration, even for experienced authors C) Ellison also worked as a shoeshiner, a jazz trumpeter, a factory worker, and a photographer D) Wright discussed his novel Native Son with Ellison before it was published E) In the 1930s’ United States, there were few available jobs, especially for black men5. In the late 1930s, Ralph Ellison wrote a lot of essays, reviews, and stories for different magazines. During World War Ii, he served as a cook in the merchant navy for two years, ....... This sentence of Ellison’s would turn out to be the basic idea for his first novel. The novel, however, was a complex one, and it would take Ellison seven years to write. A) Ellison had once had sympathies with leftist politics, but he moved away from that B) The merchant navy brought supplies by sea to American soldiers C) After his service had ended, he sat down one day and wrote, “lam an invisible man” D) Some of Ellison's stories were “Hymie’s Bull", "Slick Gonna Learn’, and “Flying Home” E) At that time, black and white American soldiers were still kept separate She did various different jobs to provide money while Ralph was working on his book. She also typed out the handwritten manuscript and helped to edit it. When the two of them had completed the editing, Ralph went out to get the book published. In April of 1952, after seven years of work, Invisible Man finally went on sale. A) The Federal Writers’ Project had finally been ended in the year 1943 B) While he was writing his first novel, Ralph Ellison was supported by his wife, Fanny C) One of Invisible Man's most positive characters is named Mary Rambo D) Ralph Ellison's mother, ida, died in 1937 E) By the end of World War Il, Ralph Ellison had finally mastered the art of writing In the following passages, one sentence in each passage doesn’t fit well with the other sentences, and this prevents a smooth reading. Can you find the odd sentence? (I) Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man is a story about a man who is trying to deal with life in society. (Il) Many of the classic novels of English literature have similar basic themes. (III) Specifically, it is about a black man trying to deal with life in a mostly white society. (IV) However, the novel also points out the divisions that exist within black society. (V) Because of this double viewpoint, Invisible Man develops into a rich, complex novel. A)i B)ll Cyill, =D)IV_E)V (Ralph Ellison in 1952) 2. (I) The man who is telling the story of Invisible Man is never named in the novel. (I!) He lives in a hidden underground space, and so he is, in a way, invisible to most of the world (lll) The scientist character Griffin in the novel The Invisible Man actually is invisible. (IV) But to prove that he really exists, the man has lit his space brightly with 1,369 lightbulbs (V) He steals the electricity for the bulbs from the Monopolated Light & Power company in the world above the ground A)I B)li C)ill DIV E)V(W) Atone point in Invisible Man, the storyteller tells a story from his youth in the American South. (I) He says that, when he was in high school, white men once covered his eyes with a cloth. (Il) Then, they forced him to fight against other black teenagers whose eyes were also covered, (IV) There used to be a lot of violence by whites against blacks in the American South and elsewhere. (V) While the fight was going on, the men bet money on who the winner of the fight would be: Al By Cyl DIV EV (0) Invisible Man was the only novel that Ralph Ellison finished during his lifetime (li) Ralph Ellison had already published some parts of Invisible Man before the whole book was released (III) For ‘example, the book's first chapter was printed in the October 1947 issue of the British magazine Horizon (IN) The next year, the same section was published in an American magazine called Magazine of the Year, (V) Finally, in the early months of 1952, Ellison had the novel's introductory prologue printed in Partisan Review. A)! B)il Cp ill DIV E)V 5. (I) When Invisible Man was published in 1952, it received mostly positive reviews (il) However, there were some critics who thought that the book had serious problems. (Ii!) For instance, some black critics claimed that the novel was not respectful towards black people. (IV) Some critics with leftist political views also criticized the book, saying that it was too unrealistic. (V) But they had not said that Richard Wright's earlier novel, Native Son, was not realistic enough A)l By C)ill DIV E)V (!) In 1953, Ralph Ellison won the National Book Award for his novel Invisible Man (Il) This made him the first black American man to win a national literary award. (It) Literary awards had been won by black women before this, though (IV) Many other awards soon followed this first one for Ellison. (V) These included the Rockefeller Foundation Award, the Prix de Rome Fellowship, and the John B Russwurm Award, A)! By cpt D)IV E)V When I discover who I am, Ill be free. Ralph Ellison (1914-1994)4. The Glacier of Pastoruri [A] Read the passage below, and then choose the correct answer according to the passage. In Pastoruri Valley in Peru, the ice peaks of a glacier rise against the bright blue sky like crystal pyramids. But nearby, mounds of dark rock climb up between the snow and ice; years of being covered by the glacier has discoloured them. In the past decade, Pastoruri's ice caps have retreated by about 200 metres. Before long, the glacier at Pastorur—like many other glaciers in Peru—will have disappeared almost completely. Climate change in Peru has had a lerrible impact on the glacier, which is located about 5,000 metres above sea level. in fact, climate change in the world as a whole has so far affected Peru far worse than many other countries. Lying high in the Andes mountains, the country is home to more tropical glaciers than anywhere else. But at the same time, precisely because it lies between the ‘tropics—where the sun gets particularly fierce—this South American country is highly vulnerable to rising temperatures. Experts are predicting that all the Peruvian glaciers below 5,500 metres—that is, the vast majority of them—will have disappeared by 2015. Marco Zapata, who works at the Institute for National Resources in the Andean town of Huaraz in northern Peru, has been studying glaciers for more than 30 years, and he says that, during his time with the Institute, Peru has lost more than 20% of its glaciers The majority of Peru's population lives in a narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains and the sea. This area is mainly desert, and the residents receive much of their water from the mountains’ melting glaciers, which also provide water for hydroelectricity, industry, and farming. As more and more people continue to move to coastal cities like the capital Lima, however, industry will expand and, as a result, pressure on water resources will grow. Mr. Zapata says: "At the moment, we are experiencing a very strong process of glacial retreat. There seems to be an abundance of water in these mountains, and it's true that in the yearly rainy season there are no problems. In the dry season, however, the glaciers become virtually the only source of water. Moreover, the process of glacial retreat is happening so fast that, in a very short time, it is very possible that the glaciers will vanish entirely. 1. The passage states that . 3. Itis clear from the passage that ...... A) very few of the Peruvian glaciers are A) the Pastoruri glacier is the highest one left in Peru B) the ice caps in Pastoruri Valley are 200 B) the sun does not get fierce outside of metres in length the tropics C) tropical glaciers exist only in the Andes C) Peru's climate is characterized by two mountains seasons D) the Pastoruri glacier has changed the colour of the rock beneath E) most of Peru is between 5,000 and 5,500 metres above sea level D) glaciers provide all of Peru's water throughout the year E) the majority of Peru's land is desert 2, We can understand from the passage | 4. We can conclude from the passage that ..... that ... A) there is currently a severe lack of A) the rainy season in Peru lasts for a water resources in Peru whole year B) increasing temperatures have affected B) pyramids of crystal exist in the Andes tropical countries greatly mountains of Peru C) all of Peru's glaciers lie below 5,500 €) the Peruvian coast is in danger of ieee pore eea ere) flooding from melting glaciers D) Marco Zapata studies only the glaciers that exist in Peru E) only 80% of the glacier at Pastoruri remains D) Pastoruri's ice caps are retreating about 200 metres every year E) global climate change more quickly affects countries at high altitudesBl] Try to guess the meaning of the words in bold type from the passage without using a dictionary. 4.mounds A) sands_—_B) geologists C) hills D) mistakes —_E) threats 2.retreated A) rushed BB) shrunk —C) emigrated) lacked E) blocked 3. impact A)amount B) request C) purpose __D) effect E) reward 4. fierce A)basic —_B) successful C) intense —_D) dull E) random 5. vulnerable A) equal —_B) foreign C) diverse D) common _—_E) weak 6, abundance A) lake B)plenty —C) distance _—_D) height E) sense 7. virtually A)almost’ B) widely —_C) rarely D)densely —_E) already 8. vanish A)extend B) present C) utilize D) disappear) renovate [c | Circle the choice which has the same meaning as the given sentence. 4. Climate change in the world as a whole has affected Peru far worse than many other countries. ‘A) Owing to the change in climate around the world, Peru's climate is much worse than that of a number of other countries B) Peru has suffered from the effects of global climate change much more than a number of other countries have. C) The effects of global climate change are greater on a number of countries, including Peru 2. Marco Zapata has been studying glaciers for more than 30 years, and he says that Peru has lost more than 20% of its glaciers. A) Less than 80% of the glaciers of Peru remain, according to Marco Zapata, who has studied glaciers for over three decades. B) According to Marco Zapata, who has been examining glaciers for more than three decades, Peru's glaciers have lost over 80% of their volume. C) About 80% of the Peruvian glaciers have disappeared, according to Marco Zapata, who has studied them for over 30 years. 3. As more and more people move to coastal cities like the capital Lima, industry will expand and, as a result, pressure on water resources will grow. A) Increased pressure on water resources caused by industry will be a great problem for the increasing number of people moving to coastal cities like the capital, Lima. B) The relocation of more and more people to cities on the coast, like the capital Lima, has resulted in the expansion of industry and increased strain on water resources. C) The strain on water resources will increase due to the growth of industry that will occur with the increasing number of people moving to coastal cities, such as the capital, LimaComplete the blanks with the correct preposition. Use the prepositions given in the box below, above by on against for to below like under between on with 4. The soft spots on a young baby's head are very vulnerable ... pressure, and thus one must take care not to press on them until they have closed. 2. His father's example had a powerful impact ............ young Timmy, and inspired him to pursue a career in the army. 3. With one hand inside the hat and the other ............ it for support, the magician began to slowly draw out a rabbit as white as snow. 4. Look! This snail seems to have moved forward ... nearly 30 centimetres since we walked past it on our way to the store half an hour ago! 5. Asa gigantic cloud of deep black smoke rose ............ the sky above the city where he was heading, Terence got the feeling that something terrible had happened, 6. Inmak has been ............ great pressure from her parents to choose a university, and she is afraid to tell them that, in fact, she is not planning to go to university at all 7. The area of the world which lies ............ 23°26'22” North latitude (the Tropic of Cancer) and 23°26'22" South latitude (the Tropic of Capricorn) is called the tropics. 8. his father and grandfather and great-grandfather before him, Thaddeus saw no point in beginning a career in business, and so he decided to become a writer 9. Because there was no way to provide enough food or water the thousands of people who were made homeless by the flood, the city government requested federal aid 40. I'm not sure exactly what ‘pataphysics is, but | think it has something to do slightly ridiculous science and thought experiments 41. The 527-metre tall Sears Tower rises ............ the Chicago skyline like a fat black needle injecting the innocent blue sky. 12. After Mehmet had put hours of pressure ............ Ozge by insisting that she should wear make-up because it was necessary for a woman, she lost her temper and began to scream furiously, Ourside of a dog, a book is man’s best friend. Inside of a dog it’s Too dank to read. Groucho Marx US comedianTES TS - 9. Check What You Know Sronies of Flags The Flag of Turkey The current flag of the Turkish Republic has a complex (1) 4 because itis an ancient design. 4 Before the Ottoman conquest 7 of Constantinople in 1453, a crescent moon (2) ...... on the city’s flag for over 1,000 years. The five-pointed star had also been in occasional use on Byzantine flags since the time of Constantine |. The Ottoman Empire adopted the flag, (3) green as a background colour. In 1793, Sultan Selim ill changed the background colour to red; about 50 years (4)... .., Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid added the star beside the crescent. By the time of the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the flag had changed a littie, and featured three crescents on either a green or a red background When the Turkish Republic was founded in 1923, an older version of the Ottoman Empire's standard flag was selected (5). .. the new nation 4 A) version B) incident C) origin D) preference E) pride 2 A) features B) has featured C) had been featuring D) ‘s featuring E) has been featuring 3. A) use B) using C) having used D) to use E) used 4. Ay later B) atter C) since D) then E) before 5 A) to represent B) representing C) represent D) having represented E) represented The Flag of Ineland Inspired by the French tricolour flag, the flag of the Republic of Ireland was first used by Irish nationalists (6) ...... the 1848 Young Irelanders’ rebellion (7) ...... British rule on the island. The flag has three vertical bands, from left to right: green, white, and orange. It was designed to symbolize the Catholic majority (green) and the Protestant minority (orange) joined together in peace (white). Of course, (8) anyone familiar (9) . .... the history of Ireland knows, this idealistic vision (10) ...... a constant reality so far 6 A) when B) while C) as soon as D) since E) during 7 A) with B) towards C) within D) against £) upon 8. A) when B) while C)as D) hike E) so that 9 Aya B) with ©) on D) for E) from C)haim + eer D) won t be E) isntThe Flag of the Unired Stares When the US flag gs was first approved in 1777, there was no special symbolism attached to the colours red, white, and blue. And so, five years later, the secretary of Congress presented a report in (11) ...... he simply made up meanings for the colours: red meant strength and bravery; white, purity and innocence; and blue, justice But the stars and stripes on the flag (12) a less improvised meaning since then: they stand for the individual divisions of the union. According to the original plan, each time a new state came into the union, one star and one stripe (13) As the country grew at an astonishing pace, though, people realized that this wasn’t going to work. (14) ...... the Flag Act of 1818, the number of stripes at 13 came to represent the original 13 colonies and the number of stars corresponded (15) the number of states. at A) that C) where. B) what D) which E) when 12, A) developed B) develop C) will develop D) were developing E) have developed 13, A) had added B) is added C) would be added D) has been added E) will have added 14, A) Since C) While B) After DB) When E) Because 15, A) around C)at B) from D) to E) through The Flag of California ng 'n 1846, a bunch ‘cman of 33 settlers in secre California, which was part of Mexico al the time, decided to join the country to the United States. Of ! course, they needed a flag to symbolize (16) ...... cause. They all agreed that the flag should feature something symbolic of Califomia (and distinctly non- Mexican), but they could not agree (17) the symbol. Finally, Captain Bartlett, their leader, demanded that the symbol be something reflective of northern California, (18)....... he owned vast amounts of land Bartlett was a pear-grower, so he insisted that the symbol be a pear. 7 2 description of the flac ~ along with a flag-sizec yu. painter with instructions for paint the new flag onto th the rebels’ handwriting was sloppy, painter read the word “pear” as ‘bea even today, the flag of California (19) bear (20) ...... a pear. 16. A) their B) them C) its D) itself E) its own 17. A)in B) with ©) from D) on E) at B) which D) where E) why feature s featured ured 20 A) in spite of B) until C) both D) rather E) instead of neeCOLES TR The Jolly Rogen On the horizon, a # fearsome sight appears: on top of a ship flies a black flag decorated (21) -.. @ white skull and, beneath that, two crossed bones. This is the famous Jolly Roger, the pirate flag known around the world, (22) being used only by European and American pirates. It was not the only pirate flag, though In fact, virtually (23) ... .. pirate captain had his or her own version of the pirate flag, and black was not the only colour used for the background. Far more fearsome was the flag with a red background, flown only on “special occasions”. Here's how it worked. A pirate ship would approach a victim flying its black flag to inghten the victim into surrendering. But (24) ... .. the victim resisted, then the red flag used to be raised to signal that the pirates would give the victims no mercy. (25) was an early kind of psychological warfare. Bartle Flags In any battle, the ability to distinguish your friend from your enemy can mean the difference (26) ...... life and death. In Western countries, it was tradition to have a flagbearer, (27) job was to stand ‘separate but move with the armies. It was a great military honour for a soldier to capture the enemy flag; that’s why flags were (28) .... being phased out of Western armies throughout the 19th century, and by the First World War they were no longer being used at all, In medieval Japan, (29) ...... a separate flagbearer, each soldier and each samurai generally (30) ...... a small flagpole attached to the back of his armour, and on each flag a symbol called mon symbolized a samurai family and its accompanying soldiers, and usually featured elegant motifs based on plants, heavenly bodies, geometric shapes, or animals 24. A) to B) on C) with D) over E) for 22. A) despite B) but C)as D) so E) because 23, A) whole B) every C) both D) all E) a few 24, A) so B) either C) that D) if E) how 25. A) This B) There C) As D) So 26. A) with B) through C) between D) from E) towards 27. A) who B) what C) when D) whom E) whose 28. A) immediately B) punctually C) exactly D) gradually E) sharply 29. A) just as B) rather than C) by the time D) much more E) whoever 30. A) has B) had C) has had D) will have had E) will be having6. Learn These Phrasal Verbs Complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs in the box below. Pay attention to the verb form. 4. blow up: 2. get rid of: 3. go on: happen 4. look up to: admire; respect 5. pick up: collect; gather 6. point out: —_call or direct attention to ’ 7. set off: begin a journey 5 8. take after. resemble 9. turn into: _ change so as to become different 40. turn o' extinguish the flow of electricity, gas, ate to sin Rachel has always ... .... her grandmother because of how she followed her dream to become a poet, even against the wishes of her entire family. As Clint . . heading for the western plains on his trusty horse, the sun was rising behind his back and ‘the smell of sulphur was beginning to fill the air. When he came back from holiday, Devon noticed that his flat was completely filled with popped balloons, and he wondered what had .......... during his absence. After Britney Spears became no longer fashionable and her friends all started mocking her, Allison . .. her entire collection of Britney Spears albums in a fit of anger. Barry, Jr. .. his father in that he is rather large, has a very deep voice, and is sometimes excessively romantic. When Camilla realized that her daughter Diana had, almost overnight, .........- much ruder and nastier person than she had been before, she wondered why. Just as Harold was approaching the hot dog stand whose hot dog seller resembled his iong-lost father, the stand ....... «+. Sending everything on it flying everywhere Mr, Isley... ..... ....-......-.. the light in his study, sat down in his comfortable leather armchair, lit his pipe, and began to relax fo the soothing sounds of soul music on the radio immediately after Professor Eifenbeinturm had seesrisseeees 10 his students that their interpretations of the poem were wrong, all the students walked out in protest 0. Since Fabio's wife was unable to . ....... him veses from work on Tuesday, he had to walk home ee ee ee cence a 38 e@Nn Replace the italicized phrasal verbs with a verb from the list. Pay attention to the verb form. collect discard explode happen resemble respect start transform 4, During the disastrous Hurricane Katrina of August 2005, 80% of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, was turned (... «..wsz:,) into a sewage-infested lake. Although Jeff has refused to follow his father into the family business of raising peacocks, he still looks up to (... ) him for his business sense and determination While Marguerite was picking up (. .) her two younger children from school, she met an old school friend. Because a group of Rebel raiders had blown up ( vss) all the bridges, it took the Yankee army longer than its commanding officer had expected to cross the river. Anneliese just doesn't take after (. . ) her mother Griselda at all in fact, they are completely different. With a great crowd present and the President herself there to wish its sailors well, the USS Affondare set off (... ) on tts three-year mission into the Arctic Ocean. When a one-eyed midget approached him and gave him a bone while repeating the word “Impossible”, Mr. Jones asked himself what on earth was going on (.... Before moving from his childhood home, Ralph got rid of (... possessions by giving them to a charity organization. PN 2 2A BN “..) most of hisRAR SIR IS Complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs in the box below. Pay attention to the verb form. . bring about: cause . call off: cancel . figure out: solve . leave out: omit seek or find information in a reference work extinguish a fire or sth that is burning : exhaust or use completely; finish . take over: _seize power; begin to control . turn down: refuse 0. watch out for: be careful about 1 2. 3. 4, 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 4 Directly, it was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria that the First World War, but indirectly, the causes were numerous and highly complex Because Drake had ............ his name on the answer sheet to his test, the teacher scolded him terribly and even boxed his ears. Angus knew he was in trouble when he realized that he had ......... . dip and yet still had nearly half a bag of chips to eat. The bank manager had to . ..-.. the staff meeting at the last minute, a had just leamed that her father had suffered a heart attack As soon as Frank had ..... «--..- the job offer from Gewgaw Incorporated, his brother Jesse rushed in, taking the opportunity to get the job himselt Robin encountered such difficulty in attempting to ....... .. the calculus problems that she stormed out of the room, shouting loudly. I'm sorry, Mathilde, but Clementine’s not here right now; she’s gone to the library to vvvs.. Some things for her essay on cultural relativism. if you are going to go downstairs into the basement, please the ceiling, as it is very low and you might hit your head. Angry at how badly the staff at the bookstore had treated her, Katherine went back inside and sooeees Her cigarette... on the store's carpet, she . The very first instance of Russians Finnish territory occurred in the early 48th century, during a war known as the Greater Wrath, which lasted from 1713 to 1721 Replace the italicized phrasal verbs with a verb from the list. Pay attention to the verb form. cancel cause extinguish find finish omit refuse solve Muzaffer asked Arzu if she would like to go to the movies with him on Saturday night, but she turned (.... ...ecesssssserees-+) him down, My grandfather always said that the only thing to do when you run out of ( .... ) your whiskey is to run out and find yourself some more. When Timmy started doing too many excessively naughty things, his mother and father called off (......... ....) his birthday party, which prompted him to cry. Tiffany says that, on the list of people who she was allowing to attend her exclusive party, only Debby should be left out (... ..... It was only with great difficulty that the brave firefighters finally managed to put out ( ) the bush that was burning in Mrs. Ruth's backyard Excuse me, but do you know where | can 100k up (.......-+ ..) some information concerning the differences between the various different types of metal music? It's a complete mystery to me exactly what has brought about (....... . ) this great change in Diana’s behaviour, but | am pleased with the change. As | have been unable to figure out (.. .) any of the answers to any of the questions so far, | think | will just go and watch a bit of television, eeeTEST YOUR VOCABULARY My father was driving so slowly in our old car that everyone else was ....... US. B) reserving D) locating A) overtaking C) interrupting E) drawing I'll have to ....... some money from the bank before | can go shopping with you. A) spin B) call C) retreat D) deposit E) withdraw Istanbul treats less than 50% of its waste water, and the remaining ... pumped into the Bosphorus. B) lead D) dosage A) body C) sewage E) wreck Please don't ...... the door when you close it—shut it gently. A) throw B) slam C) touch D) drop E) lean Rebels ...... control of the island in February and are now in control of over half of the country. A) seized C) followed B) underwent D) searched E) occupied The management team are trying to find the reason for the sharp sales over the last three months. B) frequency D) decrease ) demand A) distance C) edge 7. For her first role, Linda's been given a small but ....... part in the play. A) significant B) gigantic C) wide D) available E) imaginary 8. Ineed to know the dimensions of your flat before | can give you a/an ....... on the price for painting it. A) decoration C) estimate E) section B) length D) preference 9. Ambrose Bierce, a/an ...... satirist and writer of the early 20th century, vanished without a trace on December 26, 1913. A) annual C) obvious B) nutritious D) consequent E) prominent 10. The elite of the Aztec and Mayan civilizations would ...... their tongues with thorns in order to appease the gods with blood. A) swell C) lick B) pierce D) taste E) perceive 11. Our holiday was completely . series of unfortunate incidents. A) booked B) conserved C) enhanced D) ruined E) decreased bya 12. Basil ...... many problems in trying to organize hospital care after the government cut funding to the hospital. A) centred C) delivered E) irritated B) encountered D) mistook eeATES DE Ie 13. Olympic athletes Sharron Davies and Derek Redmond received racist ...... followed by a letter bomb because of their mixed race marriage. A) thoughts C) aspects E) threats B) movernents D) reasons 14, In 1980, Samuel Kanyon Doe and his military associates led a military coup that ......the government in Liberia and executed President William R. Tolbert, Jr. B) returned D) elected E) reversed A) overthrew C) invited 15. “Sulpi Schlampig” was Saul Pisch- Lambard’s nickname, given by his teacher because his handwriting was too ...... to read. A) subtle B) lumpy C) neat D) sloppy E) bare 16. Dominic has been falsely accused of the crime, and we have ...... a campaign to prove his innocence. A) decided C) launched E) reduced B) arrested D) cruised 17. A female pigeon will not lay her eggs if she sees no other pigeon, but her own reflection in a mirror will serve the same .. A) state C) thought E) reason B) ideal D) purpose 18. 19. 20. 21. 22, China is such a/an ...... country that it is impossible to travel all around it in just three weeks. A) varied C) feverish E) vast B) medium D) average Ownership of the . in the Black Sea known as Snake Island is currently in dispute between Romania and the Ukraine. A) authorization C) controversy E) position B) territory D) conflict When some people from the audience started asking irrelevant questions, the discussion wandered far from the .. topic under discussion. A) relative C) actual B) suspicious D) declining E) arrogant The Cure for Insomnia is the world's longest film, and ...... for 87 hours. A) shows C) moves B) starts D) ends E) lasts The Caucasus is home to ...... cultures and many different languages, such as Russian, Farsi, Pashto, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Turkmen, B) scarce D) mutual A) diverse C) artificial E) circular23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. In ancient Egypt, it was alan ...... to bury onions along with the dead, as the circles of the onion symbolized eternal life. A) extract C) prediction E) disposal B) custom D) foundation Linda sleepwalks, and she often with pieces of furhiture in the middle of the night. A) conflicts €) shocks B) collides D) replaces E) motivates In 1846, a number of Irish immigrants who had ...... to the USA to escape from the Great Famine defended Mexico from US invasion. A) located B) arrived C) flourished D) emigrated E) distanced | nearly ...... into a car that was in front of me today when the driver turned left without warning. A) broke C) indicated B) crashed D) offended E) divided In the third century BC, the Greek philosopher Chrysippus apparently and died of laughter after seeing a donkey eating figs. A) collapsed C) changed B) descended D) discontinued E) repaired A new study published in The American Economic Review has ...... that the Plains Indians of the late 1800s were the tallest people in the world. 29. 30. 34. 32. 33. ATES TI: A) advised B) prepared C) announced D) informed E) cancelled Average height is a good way of measuring health in populations, and is ...... of a healthy nutritional diet. A) thoughtful B) reflective C) imaginary D) consumed E) described A gentleman from Utah has amazed brain scientists in that the left side of his brain is ....., although the right side seems not to have changed in size. A) mixing B) examining C) analyzing D) flashing E) shrinking The ship's captain didn't realize how the water was, so he accidentally hit the bottom. A) near B) rough C) distant D) shallow E) hollow Bernadine always gets irritated by the adverts on ATV, especially when ere is one just before the end of the program. A) lengthy C) deep B) narrow D) wide E) open The police officer ...... the suspect on foot, but lost him in the crowded subway. A) arrested €) pursued B) sentenced D) charged E) accepted Pee Caen anes.34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. ll LESSEN te From where we were sitting, the stage was barely ......, $0 | haven't the faintest idea what the singer was wearing. A) remote C) limited B) adequate D) logical E) visible Erasmus was rushed to hospital after complaining of ...... pains in the stomach. A) severe B) lofty C) respective D) intentional E) whole My son was born on 8 May 1988, at coven M115. a.m, A) precisely C) considerably E) slightly B) especially D) wholly George forgot to put the ice cream in the fridge, and soit ...... . A) weakened B) scattered C) disappeared D) melted E) dissolved So far, few people have ...... to visit the Okavango Delta in Botswana because of the crocodiles basking on the river banks. A) noticed B) encouraged C) legalized D) doubted E) dared Sebastian was ...... after completing the marathon in a personal best time of 2 hours and 37 minutes. B) extinguished A) exciting D) extensive C) exhausted E) extreme RES: 40. If an astronaut tried to land on a neutron star, the results would be for he or she would be crushed by the extremely strong force of gravity. A) complete C) disastrous E) infinite B) thin D) minimal 44. When Michael began to do a larger volume of business, he decided to ...... his shop by renting the premises next door. A) expand C) consume E) ascend B) bargain D) retreat 42. It seems that we'll be able to dispatch the order in time, because the work is proceeding at a satisfactory A) height B) pace C) advice D) length E) moment 43. I'm not sure of the exact figure, but we have .. moment. £3,000 in our account at the A) doubtfully B) precisely C) entirely D) approximately E) rarely 44. When the delivery finally arrived, we noticed that some of the goods had been badly A) included B) threatened C) damaged D) reviewed ) returned 45. Joseph was so confident of his answers in the exam that he didn’t .. any, even though he knew that ‘one mark would be deducted for every four wrong answers. A) slow C) slip B) skate D) sketch E) skipYDS - VOCABULARY Enver ........ 50 YTL from me two months ago to buy some shoes with, but he hasn't paid me back yet. A) delivered C) rented B) lent D) stole E) borrowed . The firm W. R. Grace and Company the drinking water in Woburn in the US, and this caused the deaths of 16 children. A) refused B) polluted C) prevented D) mistook E) demolished In 1962, the Algerian people ....... an independent republic following a long and very bloody war for independence from France. A) completed B) fought C) established D) progressed E) pretended: Quentin didn’t clean the kitchen floor this morning. Look! He missed a lot of dirt next to the fridge. A) suddenly C) eventually E) formerly B) regularly D) properly . Global oil production has ........ from 5,000,000 barrels a day in 1950 to around 80,000,000 today. A) experienced B) enriched C) specialized D) consumed E) increased There is often good....... land near volcanoes, and it is for that reason that people live in such dangerous places. A) agricultural B) confidential C) factual D accidental E) seasonal Muirne is .. to shop with her credit card on the Internet, because she is worried that somebody might steal the number. A) reluctant C) disgusted B) upset D E) dangerous unusual 8. 10. 11. 12. 13. The Chernobyl nuclear disaster ... the Black Sea region more than any other in Turkey. A) wrapped B) migrated C) exploded D) imported E) affected Ever since the accident, Ryan has gone to the hospital three times a week for for his back. A) treatment C) health B) intention D) security E) addition Booker T. Washington didn’t have the .. to go to school because he was born a slave, but he taught himself to read and write, and later went on to a teacher training college. A) promotion C) refusal B) release D) opportunity E) employment These books didn’ me very much because | bought them from the second-hand bookshop opposite the Jahmacun restaurant. B) afford D) cost E) decrease A) spend C) pay Toni finds the ideas of Carl Jung .. and so she has bought and read every one of his books. A) arrogant C) fascinating E) vague B) voluntary D) faithful Even though Mohandas K. Gandhi didn’t believe in using ........ to solve political problems, he never received a Nobel Peace Prize. A) suspicion C) cancellation E) violence B) reflection D) assistanceeT ST Sie 414, The ancient Greek of the goddess Aphrodite from the island of Milos is ‘one of the most famous statues in the world. A) structure C) temple B) sculpture D) worship E) excavation 45. Percival was ........ for a tiger with his gun when it jumped out from a bush and bit him in the throat. A) murdering B) shaking C) hunting D) following E) hiding 16. Dursun has bought a very small ...... in the city centre. It is on the fifth floor and only has one main room, a kitchen, and a bathroom. A) building B) flat C) house D) circle E) environment 17. Ophelia was only ........ about 20 people to come to the party, but actually 250 turned up for it. A) considering B) expecting C) defending D) respecting E) connecting 48. Dr. Collier isn't ....... today because she is on vacation. Maybe I can help you. A) interesting B) relevant C) respected D) available E) aware Turkey is quite different to the country of 30 years ago, because now most people here live in cities. B) Accurate D) Fabricated A) Beneficial C) Contemporary E) Overdue See roncuace Studiaeil 20. 24. 22. 23. 24, 25. 26. I'm going to........ the furniture in this, room differently after | have bought'a new computer desk. A) arrange B) relax C) figure D) direct E) assist The search for the missing trekker me Mountain rescue teams on foot, special sniffer dogs, and helicopters. A) claimed C) decided E) allowed B) involved D) succeeded Larry thought that David's jokes were Very san. « He was laughing about them for a long time afterwards. A) enthusiastic C) enormous E) amusing B) acceptable D) willing Even though Charles Lightoller fell into the icy Atlantic Ocean when the Titanic sank, he ... survived. A) slightly B) promptly C) especially D) immediately E) remarkably ‘Three companies offered Nicole a job She thought that the last offer was the most........, $0 She accepted that one. A) current C) tedious B) wealthy D) attractive E) obvious Before the ........ of machine guns and effective shell-firing guns, horses had an important role in warfare. A) invention B) consumption C) prediction D) foundation E) action At the ........, I'm not doing anything. Do you want some help doing the washing up? A) occasion B) constant C) moment D) basis E) situation27. 28. 29, 30. 31. 32. 33. Hikmet got number of questions correct in the test, and so took a mark of 93%. A) precious B) uneasy C) significant D) slight E) conscious: Rhiannon....... your gift to her of a new tennis racket, and will use it in her next game. A) appreciated C) performed E) excited B) pleased D) presented Both Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Umberto Eco reflect the ....... of the author Jorge Luis Borges in their writings. A) relation C) movement E) mention B) influence D) illustration Pve just bought some peaches from the market. They are very ....... and they taste delicious. A) thirsty C) comfortable E) gentle B) average D) fresh Marco believes that Michel Platini was the greatest ever French football player, but I don’t . A) accept B) think €) discover D) comprehend E) agree The actor John Rhys-Davies is tall, but Peter Jackson chose him to play a dwarf in The Lord of the Rings and used computer technology to shorten him on the screen. A) naturally B) constantly C) merely D) eagerly E) partly Did you......... to finish your essay on Mesopotamian mythology last weekend? A) affect B) manage €) convert D) survive E) require 34, 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. ASSERTS Warren is Hayden for class president, but I don’t like him, so I hope that Francoise wins. A) supporting C) comparing E) finding B) waiting D) adoring Malcolm is ........ thinking about quitting university and getting a job instead, because his family is having some financial problems. A) equally B) hardly C) widely D) seriously E) efficiently There are ........ Portuguese-speaking countries in the world—the biggest one is Brazil. A) available C) spare B) average D) several E) contrary There are only two matches left and Barcelona is leading by 5 points, so Barcelona will ........ win the league this year. A) probably B) enormously C) relatively D) briefly E) specially A speeding driver......... the death of 15 schoolchildren and their teacher in an accident on the motorway. A) chased B) crashed C) caused D) crushed E) collapsed Tom Cruise is one of America’s most .. actors, because people recognize him all over the world. A) traditional C) fluent B) nearby D) efficient E) famous Giovanna was very angry with Lance on Tuesday because he had........ that it was her birthday. A) prevented B) forgotten C) delayed D) removed E) misled - luligtiaaiimaariniip aa_ TEST ee PREPOSITIONS four weeks following the e funeral of Princess Diana, the suicide rate ... British women aged 25 to 44 increased by 45.1 percent. A) Within/to €) Atfrom B) In/towards D) For/among E) Aboutbetween Although she enjoyed the freedom of living ...... her own, ...... occasion Mihraca really missed the comforts of her parents’ home. A) by/for C) on/on B) with/at D) for/with E) outito vss the age of thirteen, child prodigy and future mathematician W. R. Hamilton had learnt several languages ... his uncle’s help. A) Byhwith B) Atffor C) Aboutifrom D) Sincefin E) Between/in Unable to defend himself ...... the kung fu master’s ferocious blows, Billy got down on his knees and begged ...... mercy. B) against/for D) from/at A) amongito C) through/about E) by/from Are you sure you'll be able to translate all of the terms ......... this text ... using a dictionary? A) forlinto €) withyfor B) on/with D) iniwithout E) into/about We had been looking all ...... the house ... nearly half an hour before we finally found where Raymond had put the salad tongs. B) tofaround D) about/since A) with/from C) between/in E) overifor 7 10. 11. 12, Last night, my cat Whiskers leapt ... the shelf where I keep my liquor and knocked a bottle of whiskey .. causing it to shatter on the floor. A) with/from C) forfupon E) tofin B) around/out D) onto/off Habitat destruction will be the most serious threat ...... wildlife ...... the near and distant future. A) tofin B) for/upon C) onitil D) from/between E) inttowards Sitting ...... the horse was a man ...... a dusty hat, a blank stare, and a toothless. smile, and his name was Sergio. A) forlby C) abovelbetween E) oniwith B) avon D) in/from The far side of the moon, which is never seen ...... Earth, became a symbol ...... insanity on Pink Floyd’s 1973 concept album, Dark Side of the Moon. B) on/to D) from/ot E) aroundlin A) bylwith C) atifor So many people want to see Mortimer Dashing’s new movie that we'll probably have to wait ...... line ...... several hours just to be able to get tickets. A) in/for C) up/through E) from/by B) on/since D) atito | really wish that, before | moved to Hicksville, somebody had warned me their strongly negative attitude outsiders. A) withithroughout C) forfatong B) about/towards D) againsvat E) after/withincS 14, 15. 47. 18. According to an Italian study, television can act...... a painkiller ...... children, and is even more effective than a mother’s comforting. A) asithrough C) by/since B) forfabout D) with/over E) hke/for Yusef Lateef, an innovative American musician, is famous ...... his perfect blending of traditional Arabic music jazz sounds. A) forfwith B) avinto C) through/upon D) from/by E) overfuntil I was afraid ...... missing the plane, so | left home three hours ...... the departure time of my flight. A) for/at B) from/for C) with/within D) offbefore E) about/since the spot, a lot of people gathered, just ...... curiosity, to observe the wreckage of the train. A) Fromwith B) Foriin C) On/out of D) Aboutto E) Avwithout The Spanish-American War of 1898 marked the first time that the United States began to engage . imperialism ...... its own borders. A) by/across B) over/without C) withithrough D) for/between E) inbeyond Otzi the Iceman, the world’s oldest mummy, was discovered in 1991 in a glacier of the Otztal Alps, ...... the border ...... Austria and Italy. A) on/at B) across/up C) outside/to D) above/with E) nearibetween STS It was ...... last year’s world bog snorkelling championships that | first met Jasper, and | got married ...... him just two weeks later. 19. A) sincelwith C) forfalong B) during/to D) after/from E) before/as . the end of his life, the once-great French poet Paul Verlaine fell alcoholism and poverty, and he failed to achieve his earlier poetic heights. A)Sincelthrough ——_B) Avfout C) Towards/into D) By/towards E) Before/without 241. As everyone began to laugh ...... Gil because he had dropped his tray of food, he reached ...... his pocket, got out his handkerchief, and started to cry. B) aboutby D) atiinto A) tolfor C) with/across E) from/in 22. The northeastern Italian city ...... Venice is slowly sinking ...... the lagoon where it was built in the late 6th century AD. A) withiwith C) offinto B) across/to D) between/at E) nearifor 23. After burglars broke ...... her house for the fifth time ...... three months, Tracy decided to have an alarm fitted. A) under/for B) abouv/around C) intofwithin D) by/after E) overfover . the late 18th century, the Molucca Islands in the Indonesian archipelago were the only source ...... many economically valuable spices. A) Until/of C) By/over B) Throughouvat, D) Since/to E) Fromiwith aE.25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Emily was pacing furiously ...... the room as she attempted to concentrate the poem that she was composing. A) around/on C) forffrom B) overiwith D) onto/into E) through/along The language of the Laz people, Lazuri, is distantly related ...... the Georgian language, and is a member ...... the South Caucasian language family. B) with/for D) atfon A) by/to C) from/by E) tolof The twins in my class look so alike that I find it hard to distinguish ....... them. B) towards D) between A) along C) among E) from We arrived very late ...... O'Hare Airport in Chicago, and had got very tired ...... sitting in our tiny airplane seats for hours. A) invat C) by/with B) atiof D) toffor E) forito The nickname of the Galatasaray football club, Cim Bom, may originally derive wu the French sentence J’aime bonbon, meaning “I like candy”. A) from B) at C) about D) with E) towards Somewhere ...... the far side of town, ..-.-. a Sign that reads “Meijer's General Store", sits an old man named Gustav, who is chewing tobacco. A) betweenifrom C) to/through B) on/beneath D) atiwithout E) as/under _ A ean RSI 31. 32. 33. 34, 35. Young Christopher skipped happily . the banks of the Kissimmee River ss. een realizing that an alligator was hungrily watching his every move. A) across/among B) through/towards C) along/without D) between/since E) near/during The only real difference ...... my lazy son and a log is that a log has some use, as you can make it ...... a table or a chair or something. A) amongiwith €) from/for B) about/at D) by/through E) betweenfinto {looked ...... the road and saw my ex- girlfriend waving ...... me, but I just ignored her. A) upon/by B) across/at C) along/within D) atffrom E) for/throughout Before starting to play this game, we'll need to divide ........ Wo groups four. A) between/to C) out offin E) intolof B) with/around D) for/about As she circled the final answer . test sheet, Arzu leaned back in her chair and wiped the sweat ...... of her forehead. her A) on/off C) in/upon E) atfrom B) offwith D) tofforELS 2006-2007/2 ANSWER KEY Pulp Fiction 1D 2C 3F 48 5A 6A7B Bf 9D 10D M1A 12C 13D 14E 158 2 tie at he Dorm BIAAC §D GATE OCIS 1OF WA 120 190 MC 45B 388 A7D 488 498 207 HorB REAR Bol fol PERE MOE TC 325 HP AO BB IR PO BL 5 tse tan 1028 3A 46 Sie 3638 44 sc on 4 The Glacier of Pastoruri ato 28 3c ge 48 38 38 48 se oa 7a ap 8118 2k 3c B}1 2on°Sbetow 4 by S agamnst 6 under 7 between @Like 9or tO wah tH above 120n 5. 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