Understanding The Self

GROUP NO. 6

Carl
Rogers
 Introduction
- Carl Rogers was born on January 8, 1902, in
Oak Park, Illinois, U.S., and died on February 4,
1987, in La Jolla, California.

- He was an American humanistic psychologist

who proposed the Person-Centered Theory.

- He is best known for his views on the

therapeutic relationship and his theories of
personality and self-actualization.

- He created the nondirective, or client-centered,

approach to psychotherapy, emphasizing a
person-to-person relationship between the
therapist and the client
Person-Centered Theory
- Is a non-directive therapy that emphasizes the
importance of building a therapeutic relationship based
on empathy, respect, and authenticity.
Real Self-Concept
- The Real Self is the person that an
individual actually is, including their
current thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and
experiences. It represents the
individual's genuine and authentic
identity at a given moment. (Answers the
question "Who am I?")
Ideal Self-Concept
- The Ideal Self is the person an
individual wishes or aspires to be. It
encompasses the individual's goals,
aspirations, values, and beliefs about their
best possible self. (Answers the question
"Who do I want to become?")
 Personality Development
- The main idea of Rogers’ personality theory is
the notion of self or self-concept which
encompasses an individual’s self-image, self-
esteem, and ideal self.
 Positive Regard
and Self-Worth
- How we think about ourselves and our
feelings of self-worth are of fundamental
importance to psychological health and the
likelihood that we can achieve goals and
ambitions in life and self-actualization.
- Also referred to as self-esteem or self-regard,
is a crucial component of an individual's self-
concept.
Unconditional Positive Regards
The phrase "unconditional positive regard" describes a person's
acceptance and encouragement despite their attitudes,
feelings, or actions. It entails accepting each person for who
they are—worth and growth potential—without passing
judgment or placing conditions on them.
Conditional Positive Regards
In contrast, Conditional Positive Regard involves offering
acceptance and approval only when certain conditions or criteria
are met. This approach can hinder personal growth and
authenticity as individuals may feel pressured to conform to
external expectations to receive love or validation.
Congruence vs Incogruence
Congruence is the degree to which an
individual's experiences and activities
match their self-concept, or how they view
themselves. People that are congruent
exhibit harmony in both their external and
internal manifestations. Contrarily,
incongruence happens when there is a
difference between one's reality and sense
of oneself.
 Congruence Incogruence
Self-Image Ideal Self Self-Image Ideal Self
Self-Actualization
The pinnacle of a human being. It refers to
the highest point one could ever achieve or
the best version a person can be.
Carl Rogers believed that every human
strives to achieve a common goal which is
to self-actualize.
Self-Actualization can only be achieved if
there is a congruence between the ideal
self and the self-image. Rogers refer the
person who is actualizing as a fully
functioning person.
FULLY FUNCTIONING PERSON
1. A growing openness to experience: being open to
both positive and negative emotions.
2.An increasingly existential lifestyle: allowing our
personality and self-concept be shaped based on what
we are experiencing.
3.Increasing organismic trust: Trusting self-
judgements, feelings, instincts, and decision-making
skills.
FULLY FUNCTIONING PERSON
4. Freedom of choice: Trusting our own judgements allows us to be
who we ought to be and act in accordance with our own values.
5. Creativity: having freedom to choose provides creative thinking
in a way to adjust and adapt in any circumstances as we seek new
experiences without the need to conform to norms.
6. Reliability and constructiveness: maintaining balance to all our
needs as we open ourselves to them.
7. Fulfilled life: having a rich fulfilled life means being open and
accepting to the full spectrum of human experience which involves
the good, the bad, and the challenging.
“The very essence of the
creative is its novelty, and
hence we have no standard
by which to judge it.”
Assessment
 Thank
you!
Mike Zeus Alambra
Karl Martin Fabian
Hector Emanuel Posadas