@ NATURE VS NURTURE All of us inherit personalities from our parents as their genes are passed on to us. However, it can be said that our envi- ronment will influence us a lot. A child’s upbringing is always the most import- ant factor determining who he will become. A person may be less intelligent than others by birth, but by hard work and determination, that person can change his future and thus he will become a dif- ferent person. Tat ca ching ta déu thita hudng tinh cach tit bé'me vi gien di truyén cua ho dude truyén xudng ching ta. Tuy nhién, cing cé thé néi méi truéng xung quanh sé anh hudng dén ching ta rat nhiéu. Sy nudi nang cia mét dita tré Iuén la yéu to” quan trong nhat quyét dinh dita tré d6 sé tré thanh ngudi thé nao. M6t ngudi c6 thé sinh ra kém thong minh hon ngudi khac, nhung qua su cham chi va né luc, nguéi dé cé thé thay déi tuong lai cia minh va tir d6 trd thanh m6t con nguoi khac. Meaning: To receive from a previous owner Meaning: The treatment and instruction a child receives from the VOCABULARY LIST + To inherit (verb) Vietnamese: Thita hudng + Upbringing (noun) parents from childhood Vietnamese: Sv nudi nang, nudi dudng SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Research indicates that characteristics we are born with have much more influ- ence on our personalities and development than any experience we may have in our lives. Which do you consider to have the greater influence? Give reasons for your answer. 2. People’s character is influenced by environment rather than genetics. Do you agree or disagree? IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER 299(3) HAPPINESS Happiness can be difficult to describe because for different people, happiness means a different thing. To some people, happiness can mean money or material possession, and they focus on their career to make more money, For many others, happiness comes from love and being loved, from families and friends and enjoying activities that they like such as sports or music. SAMPLE QUESTIONS Sui hanh phic rat kho dé dién ta vi voi méi ngudi khée nhau, sy hank phic Iai mang ¥ nghia khée nhaw. Véi mOt 6’ ngudi, sw hanh phic déng nghia vi tién bac va so hétu vat chat, va ho tip trung vao sy nghiép dé kiém due nhiéu tién. Cho nhiéu ngudi khae, st hanh phic tdi tit viée yéu va dude yéu, tit gia dinh va ban be va thudng thite nhiing hoat déng via thich nhu thé thao hay am nhac. Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER 300@® SUCCESS ‘The most important factor in achieving success is the willingness to work hard. Nothing comes easy in life and as competition is so fierce in every field of work, one must be prepared to sacrifice more than others. In addition, working hard must also go together with working smart. One must always have a clear plan on how to achieve one’s aims. Without a plan, we will go in the wrong direction and waste our efforts. However, it must be acknowledged that to be successful, everyone will need a bit of luck, as it’s impossible for everything to be always in our favour, When we've reached our limit, luck sometimes can help take us over the line. VOCABULARY LIST + To be willing (verb phrase) Vietnamese: Sin -Tobeinsome- Meaning: To help, giv one’s favour (phrase) + To take over the line (phrase) Meaning: 70 finish SAMPLE QUESTIONS Yéu t6 quan trong nhat din dén thanh céng 1a kha nang san sing Jam vige chim chi. Khong cé gi 1a dé dang trong cuéc séng va vi su canh tranh 1a rat eang thang 6 moi nganh nghé, ching ta can phai sin sang hi sinh nhiéu hon ngu6i kha Hon niia, lam vige cham chi cing phai di cing lam vige thong minh Ta céin phdi cé mét ké& hoach rd rang lam thé nao dé dat duige muc tiéu. Néu khong c6 ké hogch, ta sé chi di nhadm hudng va phi cong stic. Tuy nhién, cing cin thita nhin rang dé thanh cong, ai cing sé can mot chiit may min, vi viée moi thit Juén thugn theo minh 1a diéu khong thé. Khi ta da dat téi gidi han cé nhan, doi khi sw may man sé gitip ta hoan thanh cong viée Meaning: To be ready to do something ng advantage Vietnamese: Thusin chiéu ai dé, gitip stie ai db Vietnamese: Hoan thanh People succeed because of their hard work and luck has nothing to do with it. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER 301@ THE IMPORTANCE OF WATER Firstly, water is one of the most import- ant substances on earth. If there were no water, there would be no life on earth. For example, plants need not only sunlight or carbon dioxide but also water to perform photosynthesis, generating food and energy for the trees. Without water, plants are unlike- ly to perform photosynthesis, which results in death. Secondly, humans themselves need potable water so as to maintain their lives and other daily activities like cook- ing or washing. For example, poor quality drinking water is the major cause of diseases and deaths in some countries Thirdly, water plays a key role in indus- trial process and agricultural activities, which determines the development of Dau tién, miée la mét trong nhiing chat quan trong nhat trén trai dat. Néu khéng c6 nuée, sé khéng c6 swt song trén trai dat. Vi du, thu vat khéng chi can anh sing mat troi hay CO2 ma cén can ca mide dé thuc hién qua trinh quang hgp, tao ra thtic an va nang lung can thiét cho cay. Néu khéng c6 water, cay sé khong thé quang hgp va sé dan tdi bj chét. ‘Thi hai, ban than con ngudi cing can nude udng dé duy tri sy séng va cac hoat dng hang ngay khae nhw dun nau hay tém ria. vi du, nuée udhg ma 06 chat Itong kém 1a nguyén nhan chinh din dén bénh tat hay chét chéc 6 mét 36 quée gia Thit ba, nude déng vai tré quan trong trong qua trinh cong nghiép va cée hoat déng néng nghiép, t dinh su phat trién cia méi that has particular qualities Meaning: to perform the process in which plants turn carbon diox- each country. quyéi quéc gia VOCABULARY LIST + substance Meaning: a type of solid, liquid or (noun) Vietnamese: chit (héa hoc) + perform photosynthesis —_ide, sunlight and water into food (verb phrase) Vietnamese: thie hién qué trinh quang hop +potable water (compound noun) Meaning: the same as ‘drinking water’ Vietnamese: nitde udng + poor-quality (phrase) Meaning: not good Vietnamese: chat hiong kém IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER 303@ PROBLEMS WITH WATER SUPPLY Firstly, industrial waste and domes- tic sewage leaking into the water supply system is likely to contaminate the water used for drinking. Secondly, low quality potable water is possibly the result of the poor water purification systems in some coun- tries. In the future, this may lead to a more balanced society where women can be treated as equal to men. (# Solutions Government should pay attention to construct reliable machine systems for purifying water used in households and at the same time sewage system should be improved so as to prevent leakage Each household should also be aware of the importance of drinking clean water and have a water filtration product at home. a > Causes The first cause of water scarcity is overusing and misusing water. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Dau tién, nude thai céng nghigp va nu6e thai sinh hoat r6 ri vao hé théng cung cap nude cé thé sé gay nhiém bén nguén nude ding dé udng Thit hai, nude uéng chat ludng kém 6 thé 1 hé qua cia hé théng loc nuéc khéng tét 6 vai quéc gia Trong tuong Iai, diéu nay c6 thé din tdi mét xa héi can bang hon, noi ma phu ni due tén trong ngang bing dan 6ng. Chinh phit nén chii ¥ dén viée xiy dung hé thong may mée hop ly dé loc nude ding trong cac hé gia dinh déng thoi thi hé théng nuée thai sinh hoat cing nén duge cai thién dé ngan chin viée r6 ri Méi gia dinh nén tu ¥ thite duge tam quan trong cia viée uéng nude séch va nén cé mét san phim loc nuée sach tai nha Neuyén nhan dau tién ctta viée thiéu nude dé chinh 1a stt dung qua nhiéu va stt dung khong ching myc dich 304Another reason for the lack of drinking water is the prolonged droughts taking place in many parts of the world. The final culprit is water contamina- tion, which prompts the water undrink- able (> Effects Without access to clean water, people are likely to be prevented from having proper sanitation. This could lead to some waterborne diseases. In many places, the lack of water is responsible for many deaths every year. Another effect of water crisis is that it could lead to political conflicts or even wars because in order to facilitate industrial process or agricultural activ- ities, there needs to be an enormous amount of water. C¥ Solutions The first solution to water scarcity is educating people how to use water effi- ciently. For example, students should be taught at school about the importance of water and the ways to use it effectively Another solution is that advances in technology nowadays should be applied in order to recycle rainwater or even seawater so that it can be used in home. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan) ENGLISH CENTER M6t nguyén nhan khac do chinh la do han han kéo dai xay ra 6 nhiéu noi trén thé gidi Neuyén nhén cuéi cing 1a do 6 nhiém nguén nude, khién cho nuée khéng thé uéng duge Khéng tiép cin duge v6i mide sach, con ngudi c6 thé sé khéng 6 duge hé théng vé sinh hop ly. Diéu nay 6 thé din dén mét vai bénh lan Mét anh huéng khac ctia khing hodng nude dé chinh 1a né c6 thé dan tdi nhiing mau thudn vé chinh trj, hay tham chi chién tranh, bdi vi thuc day qua trinh céng nghiép héa hay cac hoat déng néng nghiép thi can mét Iugng nude rat lon Giai phdp déu tién cho tinh trang khan hiém nude dé chinh Ia gito duc moi ngudi stv dung nude mét cach hiéu qua. Vi du, hoc sinh nén due day ¢ trudng hoc vé tam quan trong ciia nuée va cac cach su dung nude diing cach Mét gidi phap nita dé chinh 1a nhiing tién b6 vé mit cong nghé nén chide ap dung dé tai ché miée mua hay tham chi la nude bién dé c6 thé duge stt dung trong gia dinh 305VOCABULARY LIST + industrial waste (compound noun) - domestic sewage (compound noun) +leak into something water supply system (compound noun) + water purifica- tion system (compound noun) +sewage leakage (compound noun) + water filtration (noun phrase) + water scarcity (compound noun) «prolonged drought (noun phrase) + access to something (noun phrase) + sanitation (noun) + waterborne disease (compound noun) Meaning: the waste produced from industrial processes Vietnamese: chit thai cong nghiép Meaning: wastewater from households Vietnamese: nude thai gia dinh, nutoe thai sinh hoat Meaning: (of a liquid or gas) to get in or out through a small hole or crack in something Vietnamese: 10 ri, ri ra, r0 ra cai gi Meaning: the network that provides water for communities Vietnamese: hé thong cung cap nude Meaning: the system or machine that help purify water used for drinking Vietnamese: hé thong loc nude Meaning: the amount of sewage leaking Vietnamese: ré ri nude thai sinh hoat Meaning: the same as ‘water purification’ Vietnamese: su Joc nude Meaning: the same as ‘water shortage’ Vietnamese: suf thiéu nude Meaning: the drought that lasts for a long time Vietnamese: han han dai Meaning: the opportunity or right to use something or to see some- body/something Vietnamese: tiép cin duge voi cai gi Meaning: the equipment and systems that keep places clean, espe- cially by removing human waste Vietnamese: hé théng vé sinh Meaning: Disease can be spread while bathing, washing or drink- ing water, or by eating food exposed to infected water. Vietnamese: cac bénh lay lan qua nude thong qua viée tam giat hay uéng hay an dé an c6 nhiém nude ban IELTS ETRAIN 306 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER+ water crisis Meaning: used to refer as water shortage (compound noun) Vietnamese: khiing hodng nude + political Meaning: the conflict related to polities conflict Vietnamese: mau thudn chinh tri (compound noun) IELTS ETRAIN 307 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER® SHOULD WATER BE FREE OR NOT? ules Firstly, it is said that the amount of money that each person pays for taxes could be paid for water supply system. Secondly, charging drinking water may hinder the access to clean water amongst low-income population, which can result in the increasing mortality rates, especially infant mortality rates Dau tién, ngudi ta cho rang sé tién ma méi ngudi déng thué cing cé thé duoc ding dé tra cho nude Thit hai, tinh phi nude udng c6 thé sé ngan can nhiing ngudi c6 thu nhap thap sti dung nude sach, diéu nay dan dén ti Ié tt vong gia tang, dac biét 1a ti 1é ti vong 6 tré so sinh If water is free, people will take it for granted. For this reason, the amount of clean water wasted is likely to skyrocket and very soon water sources will run out completely. However, if we have to pay for water, we will use it more responsibly ‘Also, the amount of money residents pay for water supply system is helpful in improving water purification system, enhancing the quality and standard of water used in drinking. VOCABULARY LIST -mortalityrate Meaning: the same « (compound noun) Vietnamese: ti ié t1 IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER ding nude sach khéng mat tién, vai ngudi sé coi né 1a 1é duong nhién. Va vi vay, lugng nuée sach bj Jang phi sé c6 thé gia tang nhanh chong, va sé rat sdm thoi, nguén nude sé can kiét. Tuy nhién, néu ching ta phai tra tién cho nuéc, ching ta sé su dung né m6t each c6 tréch nhiém hon Thém vao dé, 86 tién ma ngudi din tra cho nue cing sé hitu ich trong vige cai thién hé théng loc nude, nding cao chat lugng va tiéu chudn ctia nude stt dung dé udng 308+ take some- Meaning: to be so used to somebody/something that you do not rec- body/something ognize their true value anymore and do not show that you are for granted grateful (phrase) Vietnamese: coi ai dedi gi dé la duiong nhién + run out (of Meaning: to use up or finish a supply of something something) Vietnamese: hét cai gi dé (phrasal verb) SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. A serious problem affecting people right across the globe is lack of water for drinking, washing and other household purpose. Why do many countries face water shortage, and what could be done to solve the issue? 2. Fresh water has always been a limited resource in some parts of the world. Today, however, growing worldwide demand has made this a global problem. What are the causes of the increasing demand for water and what measure could governments and individuals take to respond to this problem? IELTS ETRAIN 309 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER@ TYPES OF BOOK ——— All books can be classified into either fiction or non-fiction. While non-fic- tional books contain factual informa- tion, fictional ones include stories made by the author. Biography and autobiography both belong to non-fiction genre, which tells about the story of a person's life. How- ever, while an autobiography is written by the person himself, biography is made by somebody else. Some non-fiction books can include ‘how to’ books and travel books Comic book is especially designed for children. It tells stories through pic- tures. Encyclopedia is a book or set of books giving information about all areas of knowledge or about different areas of one particular subject, __ usually arranged in alphabetical order Trilogy is a set of three books or films that have the same subject or charac- ters. A telling example for this is the trilogy by J. R. R. Tolkien “The Lord of the Rings” IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Tat ca céc sdch déu 06 thé duge chia Jam hoac 1A sach gia tuéng hoae 1a sach viét vé nhiing su kién c6 that. Trong khi ‘non-fiction’ 14 thé loai viét vé nhiing thong tin c6 that, thi fiction’ 1a nhting cau chuyén dude tae gia tao dung lén Tiéu siz va ty truy Su thude vé thé loai sach viét vé cae su kién c6 that va déu ké vé cuge ddi ctia mét ngudi nao dé. Tuy nhién, trong cuge doi mt nhan vat trong wi truyén duge chinh nhan vat d6 viét, thi cuge déi nhan vat trong tiéu sti Iai duge nguéi khae viét len Mét vai cuén séch thuée thé loai ‘non-fiction’ cé thé bao gém ca séch dua Ii khuyén lam diéu gi d6 va sich du lich Truyén tranh duge thiét ké danh ing cho tré em, va né ké chuyén théng qua tranh anh Bach khoa 1a mét cudn sich hay nhiéu séch dua théng tin vé mot Tinh vue kién thie hay cée mang kién thtte khéc nhau thuée cing mé6t cht dé, va thuéng due siip xép theo thif ty trong bang cht cai Sich b6 ba sé gém ba cudn, va c6 chung chi dé va nhan du tiéu biéu dé chinh 1a bé ba cuén séch trong “chia té nhitng chiée nhan” cia nha van J. R. R. Tolkien 311Sherlock Holmes is a detective novel Sherlock Holmes JA mét tiéu thuyét written by Sir Conan Doyle trinh tham cia nha van Conan Doyle Jane Austen is among one of the great- Jane Austen 1a mét trong nhiing est writers in English Literature histo- tac gia néi tiéng nhat trong lich si ry. She is well-known for many roman- _ vain hoe Anh. Ba néi tiéng voi nhiéu tic novels including Pride and Preju- tae pham tiéu thuyét lang man dice, which has been adapted for both trong dé c6 “Kiéu hanh va Dinh film and television versions. kién cudn tiéu thuyét dai duoe chuyén thé thanh phim dién anh va truyén hinh VOCABULARY LIST + Fiction (noun) + non-fiction (noun) + Biography (noun) + Autobiography (noun) +Genre (noun) + Comic book (compound noun) + ‘how to’ book (compound noun) Meaning: a type of literature that describes imaginary people and events, not real ones Vietnamese: Thé loai vin hoe vién tudng Meaning: books about real facts, people and events Vietnamese: thé loai sach viét vé su kién, con nguidi nao dé c6 that Meaning: the type of writing that tells about a person's life but written by somebody else Vietnamese: Thé logi viin hoc viét vé cude doi hay sy nghiép cia dude nguéi khée viét; tiéu sti mot ngudi nao dé, Meaning: the type of writing that tells about 2 person's life, and written by that person Vietnamese: Thé Joai van hoc viét vé cude di nhén vit nao d6, va duge chinh nhan vat dé su nghiép cia mét tut tr in Meaning: a particular type or style of literature, art, film or music that you can recognize because of its special features Vietnamese: thé loai (vin hoc, nghé thuat, phim anh hay am nhac) Meaning: 2 magazine, especially for children, that tells stories through pictures Vietnames ruyén tranh Meaning: a type of books that provide detailed instructions or advice on how to do something Vietnamese: thé Jogi sich cung edip hudng din hay I6i khuyén chi nao dé IELTS ETRAIN 312 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER- travel hook (compound noun) + Encyclopedia (noun) + Trilogy (noun) + detective novel (compound noun) +romantic novel (compound noun) + adapt for (phrase) Meaning: the book that provides information about traveling Vietnamese: sach du lich Meaning: « book or set of books giving information about all areas of knowledge or about different areas of one particular subject, usu- ally arranged in alphabetical order Vietnamese: siich bach khoa Meaning: a set of three books or films that have the same subject or character Vietnames Meaning: detective who tries to solve it Vietnamese: tiéu thuyét trinh tham sich bé ba novel in which there is a murder or other crime and a Meaning: « novel which tells about Jove or sexual relationships Vietnamese: a novel which tells about love or sexual relationships Meaning: to change a book or play so that it can be made into a play, film/movie, television programme, ete. Vietnamese: chuyén mét cudh sch hay vd kich sang phim anh hay cae chong trinh TV IELTS ETRAIN 313 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER@ PAPER BOOKS VS E-BOOKS The first benefit of reading printed books is that it does not cause such detrimental effects on people’s heath as electronic books do. To be more specific, successive exposure to blue light from digital devices can cause eyestrain, fatigue or sometimes head- aches. It is said that well-made hardback can encourage people to read more Moreover, to children, they should be given paper books to read rather than allowing them to read online, which opens them up to uncensored sites. Digital books take up no space to store and especially, they are portable, which enables you to read everywhere at any time you want. No trees are required to manufacture paper for pages of books. Therefore, using e-books can be eco-friendly IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Lqi tch dau tién ctia doe sach in dé chinh li né khéng gdéy ra anh huéng c6 hai dén stic khée etia con ngudi nhu sach dign ti. Cu thé hon, tiép mic lién tuc voi anh sang xanh tw cdc thiét bj dién tit c6 thé gay méi mat, va déi khi Ja dau dau cho ngudi ding Ngudi ta cho rang nhiing sach bia cting duge thiét ké dep mat c6 thé sé khuyén khich moi ngudi doc nhiéu hon Hon nia, déi voi tré em, ching nén doc sich in thay vi doc online bdi vi néu doc online, tré sé c6 thé tiép Xtc voi nhiing trang web chua duge kiém duyét Stich dién tit khong chiém khong gian dé hutu tri va dic biét la ching hoan toan sé dé dang dé mang theo, vi vay diéu nay sé gitip ngudi doe cb thé doc duge 6 bat ky dau va bat ky noi nao Sich dién tit khéng cén dén gé cita cay va vi thé ma sti dung séch dién tu sé than thién hon vdi hé sinh thai 314E-books can contain multi-media ele- ments that are not available with tradi- tional books. For example, audios and videos are sometimes included in e-books, which makes the reading expe- rience more engaging and rewarding An e-book can be purchased almost instantly, which reduces the cost of shipment and the time wandering around bookstores Sach dign tii c6 thé chita nhiéu cac dang hinh da phuong tién ma séch truyén théng khong c6. Vi du, cae file audio va cac video thuéng sé duge dinh kém citing vi sach dién tu, diéu nay sé khién cho trai nghiém doc sach thi vi va hap dain hon Sach dién tit c6 thé duge mua gin nhu ngay tiie khée, va diéu nay sé giam chi phi van chuyén va gidm thdi gian di lai dén cae hiéu sach VOCABULARY LIST + printed book = traditional book (noun) + detrimental (adjective) + electronic book (compound noun) + successive (adjective) + blue light (compound noun) + eyestrain (noun) + hardback (noun) + uncensored (adj) IELTS ETRAIN ENGLISH CENTER Thanh Loan Meaning: this refers to paper book Vietnamese: sich gidiy thong thudng Meaning: this refers to e-book Vietnamese: sich dién tir Meaning: following immediately one after the other Vietnamese: lién tiép Meaning: this is used to refer to the light from digital devices like smart phones, laptop or computers Vietnamese: Anh sang xanh Meaning: a condition of the eyes caused, for example, by a long period of reading or looking at a computer screen Vietnamese: su méi mat Meaning: a book that h Vietnamese: sich déng bia cting a stiff cover Meaning: not having had parts removed that are not considered suitable for the publie Vietnamese: chua duge kiém duyét 315+take up Meaning: to fill or use an amount of space or time something Vietnamese: chiém (khéng gian, chd) (phrasal verb) - portable Meaning: that is easy to carry or to move (adjective) Vietnamese: dé dang mang vac van chuyén -enable Meaning: to make it possible for somebody to do something somebody todo —_Vietnamese: cho phép ai dé lam gi something - eco-friendly Meaning: not harmful to the environment (adjective) Vietnamese: than thién voi méi trudng SAMPLE QUESTIONS. 1. In recent years, more and more people are choosing to read e-books rather than paper books. Do the advantages outweigh disadvantages? 2. Some people think that e-books are the death of paper books while others think that paper books will never disappear. Discuss both sides and give your own experi- ence. IELTS ETRAIN 316 Thanh loan ENGLISH CENTER® CHILDREN AND READING Cite) rome Firstly, reading can encourage a thirst for knowledge among children. Chil- dren who enjoy reading not only per- form better at language subjects but also have an understanding of many other fields. Secondly, reading can help children develop their language skills, The vocabulary that children use to com- municate with other people in daily life may be limited, therefore, reading can ensure that children are exposed to a wide range of words on different topics. Reading is supposed to enhance chil- dren's concentration, which might be helpful later on in their academic career, Reading can develop children's imagi- nation and creativity as when engag- ing in a book children have to imagine what the characters in the book are doing. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER Dau tién, viée doc c6 thé khuyén khich sit khao khat kién thite 6 tré. Tré thich doc sich sé khong chi hoc t6t hon ese mén ngén ngit ma do% sach con gitip tré c6 duige hiéu biét vé nhiéu linh vite khae nhau nita. Thit hai, viée doe sich 06 thé gitip tré phat trién cde ky nang ngon ngi. TY vung ma tré dang dé giao tiép voi nhiing ngudi khac trong cude séng hang ngay cé thé con han ché, va vi vay viée doc sich 06 thé dam bao rang tré due tiép xtic voi nhiéu tt vung thuge chit dé khac nhau iéc doc due cho rang sé thc day dé tap trung 6 tré, va diéu nay thi 6 thé sé cé fch trong viée hoc sau nay cua tré Doe séch 06 thé phat trién trf tuéng tuong va sing tao 6 tré boi khi thich thi doc mét cuén sach, tré phai tudéng tugng ede m i trong sdch dang lam gi. 317Firstly, pre-schoolers spend most of their time at home, so parents should be a reading role model for their chil- dren by telling them bedtime stories every day, which may foster a love of words and reading at an early age. Secondly, teachers should create read- ing activities or even reading competi- tions at school so that children will have more chances to read. Thirdly, government ought to build more public libraries that are free for children in order that children from dis- advantaged families will have more chances to read. Dau tién, tré chua dén tudi di hoc danh phan Idn théi gian é nha, vi vay phu huynh nén 1a mét téim guiding doc cho con cai ho bang cach ké chuyén cho ching hang ngay truée khi di ngu, va viéc nay cé thé sé nuéi dudng tinh yéu véi céc con chit va khuyén khich viée doc sich ngay ttt khi con nhé Thit hai, gido vién nén xay dung cae hoat déng doc hay tham cht cic cuéc thi doe 6 truéng dé tré cé nhiéu co hi doe sich hon nita Thit ba, chinh phi nén xay thém nhiéu thu vién mién phi cho tré dé nhdng tré ti nhiing gia dinh khé Khan sé 06 nhiéu cd hgi doc hon nita Meaning: strong desire for knowledge At tri thite hing, such as a piece of work, task or duty gidé e information, news, ideas, etc. with some- Meaning: to let somebody find out about something by giving them experience of it or showing them what it is like Vietnamese: cho ai tiép xtic voi cai gi dé VOCABULARY LIST +a thirst for knowledge Vietnamese: khao k. (phrase) perform Meaning: to do someth something Vietnamese: Jim (verb) + communicate Meaning: to exchange with somebody/ body something Vietnamese: giao tiép (phrase) + expose somebody to something (phrase) IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER 318+ academic career (compound noun) + engage in something (phrasal verb) +be a reading role model (phrase) + bedtime story (compound noun) Meaning: Vietnames hooling or education career ic hoe, vige giso duc Meaning: to take part in something Vietnamese: tham gia vao viée gi Meaning: a person that is considered to be an excellent example of reading Vietnames Ia tim guong doe Meaning: the story that is told before going to sleep Vietnamese: truyén doc trude khi di ngti sdisadvantaged — Meaning: not having the things, such as education, or enough (adjective) money, that people need in order to succeed in life Vietnamese: kho khan, thiétr thon SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Children who start reading earlier in life perform better later on in their school studies, How important are early reading skills in a child’s academic performance? What other pre-school factors influence a child’s later academic achievements? 2. Some people think that children who spend a lot of time reading children’s story books are wasting their time which could be better used to do other more useful activities. To what extent do you agree? IELTS ETRAIN 319 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER@ TRADITIONAL LIBRARIES VS DIGITAL LIBRARIES wii el Traditional library is not only the place for borrowing and lending books but it also serves as many other purposes. For example, libraries provide a quiet environment where people can concen- trate on reading and learning Public libraries offer free access to not only print resources like books or magazines but also electronic data- bases, or e-books. Some people with low income are incapable of paying for books online or having access to com- puters, thus public libraries are helpful for them in these cases. Libraries can encourage reading as seeing a shelf full of books is aspiring and stimulating Some rare books, archives or special manuscripts are not likely to be avail- able in digital format and traditional libraries are those which possess these special materi: IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Thu vién truyén théng khong chi 1 noi mugn va cho mugn sch ma né cén 1a noi phuc vu rat nhiéu muc dich khac nita. Vi du, thu vién con dem lai méi trudng yén tinh noi ma moi ngudi c6 thé tap trung doc va hoc Thu vién céng e6ng con dem Iai quyén truy cap mién phi cho cae tai liéu in an nhu sach hay tap cht ma con ea cae co sd dit liéu dién tit hay cd stich dién tit niia. Mot vai ngu c6 thu nhap thap khong thé tra tién cho séch online hay khong thé truy cip may tinh, vay nén thu vién céng céng nh vay sé hitu ich cho ho Thu vién cé thé khuyén khich viée doe séch, béi khi nhin nhiing git day sdch ngudi doc sé cm thay bj kich thich va hao hitng dé doc Mot vai siich quy, van thee lew trit hay cae han viét tay die bigt thong 1a noi so ui dite bist na hiiu nbting tai 320DMM aL While customers of conventional libraries are required to physically visit the library to use resources, virtu- al or online library users can access materials at any time a day. Virtual library is more user-friendly than traditional one because people don't have to leave their seat to find the books they want. Virtual library is more cost-effective because it does not include paper books, which helps eliminate the need for storage space. Trong khi khach hang ctia thu vién truyén théng due yéu cdu 1a phai di dén thu vién mdi cé thé sit dung duge nguén tai nguyén thi ngudi dang cia thu vién dién ttt cé thé truy cap vao tai liéu bat ky hic nao trong ngay Thu vién dién ttt than thién voi ngudi ding hon bdi moi ngudi khéng phai rdi ché ngéi ctia ho dé di tim cudn séch ma ho mudn Thu vién dién tit sé tiét kiém chi phi hon béi né khéng sii dung sich giily, vi thé ma sé loai bé viée sit dung khéng gian cho hiu trit sich ries are buildings containing a mixture VOCABULARY LIST traditional Meaning: Traditional libr: library = of print and online resources. conventional library (compound noun) + digital library = online library (compound noun) «serve as something (phrase) + concentrate on something (phrasal verb) IELTS ETRAIN Vietnamese: thi vién truyén thong 14 nhiing toa nha chiia c& nguén thdng tin in va théng tin online Meaning: digital libraries do not have buildings and all of its resources is stored as electronic media formats Vietnamese: Thu vién s6, thw vién online Meaning: to be suitable for a particular use, especially when noth- ing else is available Vietnamese: phuc vu nhu diéu gi dé Meaning: to spend more time doing one particular thing than others Vietnamese: to spend more time doing one particular thing than others 321 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER+ offer somebody free access to something (phrase) + print resource (compound noun) selectronic database (compound noun) shave access to something (phrase) + stimulating (adjective) -archives (noun) +manuscript (noun) + access something (verb) shave access to something (phrase) s user-friendly (adjective) + cost-effective (adjective) giving somebody a way of reaching or entering some~ thing for free Vietnamese: dem Iai quyén truy cap edi gi mién phi cho ai dé Meaning: in this situation, it refers to print books, articles or mag- azines that provide information for teachers and students Vietnamese: ngudn tai liéu in Meaning: an organized set of data that is stored in a computer and can be looked at and used in various ways Vietnamese: eo sd dit ligu dién ttt Meaning: have the opportunity or right to use something or to see somebody/something Vietnamese: c6 quyén truy cp edi gi Meaning: full of interesting or exciting ideas; making people feel enthusiastic Vietnamese: kich thich Meaning: a collection of historical documents or records of a gov- ernment, a family, a place or an organization; the place where these records are stored Vietnamese: van thu Juu triv Meaning: a very old book or document that was written by hand before printing was invented Vietnamese: ban viét tay Meaning: to reach, enter or use something Vietnamese: truy cap cai gi Meaning: have the opportunity or right to use something or to see somebody/something Vietnamese: cé quyén truy cap cai gi Meaning: easy for users to use Vietnamese: than thién vai nguéi sit dung Meaning: giving the best possible profit or benefits in comparison with the money that is spent Vietnamese: dem Iai Idi ich tot nhat c6 thé IELTS ETRAIN 322 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER+eliminate Meaning: to remove or get rid of something/somebody (verb) Vietnamese: Joai bo + storage space Meaning: the space for storing something (compound noun) —_Vietnamese: khong gian hiu tr SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Libraries should focus on improving their technological resources rather than in building a larger collector of paper books. To what extent do you agree? 2. Public libraries will soon no longer be housed in a building as all facilities and books will be available online for all to access. Discuss the advantages and disad- vantages of public libraries only existing online and give your opinion. IELTS ETRAIN 323 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTERTOP G2: SAU AENTLONATION@ POSITIVES OF SPACE EXPLORATION Firstly, space exploration helps enhance our knowledge and under. standing of outer space, therefore, it is useful in addressing some problems that challenge our modern world. For example, thanks to some space pro- grams, we know more about the atmo- sphere and therefore better predict the weather and natural disasters. Secondly, space exploration paves the way for advanced technology. For exam- ple, with the introduction of space pro- grams, satellite television has become possible, which enables people to watch global events from every corner of the world. Space exploration creates jobs in many fields such as engineers, research assis- tants, technicians, mechanics etc. Civilizations of extra-terrestrial beings may be far advanced than that of ours, and this may be beneficial for us to learn from them, especially in the fields like nuclear war and global pollution. The Earth is becoming polluted and overcrowded. Space research will solve this issue by locating habitable lands on other planets IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Thit nhat, tham hiém vii tru giip nding cao kién thite va hiéu biét cia ching ta vé vii tru, vi th hitu ich trong viée giai quyét mét vai vain dé thach thtic thé gidi hign dai. Vi du, nhd c6 cde chuong trinh tham hiém va tru ma ching ta biét nhiéu hon vé tang khi quyén va vi thé c6 thé du dodn due thoi tiét va céc tham hoa thién nhién Thit hai, tham hiém va tru giuip md duéng cho céng nghé tan VE du, cling voi su xuat hign cua cac chuong trinh tham hiém vii tru, truyén hinh vé tinh da duige ra doi, gitip moi ngudi 6 moi noi trén thé gidi cé thé xem cac su kién toan cau Tham hiém vi try tao ra viée lam 6 rat nhiéu linh vue nhu la cc ky su, tro ly nghién citu, ky thuat vién, thd may .. Nén van minh ctia cée sinh vat ngoai trai dat c6 th b¢ hon chting ta rat nhiéu, va diéu nay c6 thé sé c6 ich cho chting ta khi hoc héi tit ho, dic biét 1a trong cée linh vue nhu chién tranh hat nhén hay 6 nhiém toan céu Trai dat dang ngay cang tré nén 6 nhiém va qua dong dic. Nghién cttu vé vi tru sé gitip giai quyét van dé nay bang cach tim duge ce ving dat c6 su séng trén céc hanh tinh khae 325,@ NEGATIVES OF SPACE EXPLORATION Firstly, space missions can cost a sub- stantial amount of money for training astronauts, building rockets, space shuttles and developing new technolo- gies. This money can be better invested for other urgent issues on earth. Secondly, space research can put the lives of astronauts at risks. Despite the invention of some unmanned spacecraft, which is supposed to reduce human involvement in danger- ous tasks, accidents can still happen. Thirdly, debris from spacecraft or satel- lite can pollute the universe, leading to environment destruction. Sending messages to intelligent life forms on other planets can be danger- ous as we have not been sure whether they are friendly or not. There would be unexpected visits or even attacks from them. Moreover, space exploration for estab- lishing contact with extra-terrestrials is quite impractical because they are hundreds of light years away from our planet, which means that it would take hundreds of years for extra-terrestrial messages to reach us, and a further few hundred years for our reply to reach them. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Dau tién, cae chuyén du hanh va tru cé thé tén mot khoan tién lén dé dao tao phi hanh gia, xay dung tén Ita va tau con thoi, va dé phat trién cc cong nghé mdi niia. $6 tién nay 6 thé dau tu hgp ly hon cho cae van dé cap bach khac trén trai dat Thit hai, nghién cttu vii tru cé thé diit su sng ctia cée phi hanh gia vio cae méi nguy hiém. bat chap su sing tao ra cdc phi thuyén khéng nguéi 14i nhdm gidm thiéu viée con nguéi tham gia vao cée cng viée nguy hiém, céc tai nan van cé thé x: ‘Tht ba, cdc manh vo tit tau va tru hay vé tinh cé thé gay 6 nhiém khéng gian va tru, din dén su tan pha méi truéng Vige giti théng tin dén céc sinh vat thong minh ngoai hanh tinh d6i khi c6 thé gay nguy hiém bdi ching ta van chula chac chan la ligu ho c6 than thign hay khéng. Rat 6 thé sé c6 nhiing chuyén viéng tham khéng cuge tan cong tit ho. Hon nita, thim hiém vii tru dé thiét lap lién lac vdi ngudi ngoai hanh tinh c6 vé nhu khéng kha thi cho lim bdi vi ho cach xa hanh tinh ctia ching ta hang tram nam anh sang; diéu nay c6 nghia la tin nhan ctia ho sé phai mat hang tram nim dé dén due voi chiing ta, va ching ta cing phai mat thém hang tram ndm nita dé tra 1di tin nhan ctia ho 326VOCABULARY LIST + space exploration (compound noun) + enhance one’s knowledge (phrase) + outer space (compound noun) + space program (compound noun) + natural disaster (phrase) + pave the way for something (phrase) + satellite television (compound noun) + enable somebody to do something (phrase) + extra-terrestrial beings = extraterrestrials (compound noun) + habitable land (phrase) + space mission (compound noun) Meanin; about it travelling through the universe in order to know more Vietnamese: tham hiém va tru Meaning: to increase or further improve the understanding of somebody Vietnamese: nang cao kién thie Meanin; rhe same as space, the area outside the earth’s atmo- sphere where all the other planets and stars are Vietnamese: khéng gian va tru Meaning: the programs that are operated to explore the space Vietnamese: céc chudng trinh tham hiém va tru Meanin; : the unexpected event caused by nature, resulting in a lot of damage Vietnamese: thim hoa thién nhién Meaning: to create a situation in which somebody will be able to do something or something can happen. Vietnamese: md dudng cho edi gi Meaning: television broadeasting using a satellite to relay signals to appropriately equipped customers in a particular area. Vietnamese: truyén hinh vé tinh Meaning: to make it possible for somebody to do something Vietnamese: cho phép ai dé lam gi Meaning: a creature that comes from another planet; a creature that may exist on another planet Vietnamese: sinh vat ngoai hanh tinh Meaning: the Jand that is suitable for people to live in Vietnamese: ving dit ¢6 thé sinh song duge Meaning: A journey, by a manned or unmanned vehicle, into space for a specific reason (normally to gather scientific data) Vietnamese: chuyén hanh trinh tham hiém vii tru IELTS ETRAIN 327 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER+ rocket (noun) + space shuttle (compound noun) - Astronaut (noun) +unmanned spacecraft >< manned space- craft (phrase) +debris (noun) + impractical >< practical (adjective) light year (compound noun) Meaning: a spacecraft in the shape of a tube that is driven by a stream of gases let out behind it when fuel is burned inside Vietnamese: tén lita Meaning: a rocket-launched spacecraft, able to land like an unpowered aircraft, used to make repeated journeys between the earth and earth orbit. Vietnamese: phi thuyén khéng gian, tau con thoi Meaning: a person whose job involves travelling and working in a spacecraft Vietnamese: phi hanh gia Meaning: the spacecraft that does not need a person to control or operate Vietnamese: Tau vii tru khong nguéi lai Meaning: pieces of wood, metal, brick, etc, that are left after some- thing has been destroyed Vietnamese: minh vo vun, manh van Meaning: not sensible or realisticea. Vietnamese: khong thue t& Meaning: the distance that light travels in one year, 9.4607 x 10'° kilometres Vietnamese: nam anh sang SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Some scientists think that there are intelligent life forms on other planets and messages should be sent to contact them. Other scientists think it is a bad idea and would be dangerous. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 2. The government is spending a lot of money to discover life on other planets. Some people think that government is wasting money and should spend more money addressing the problem of the public. 'To what extent do you agree? 3. Some people think that space exploration is a waste of resources while others think that it is essential for mankind to continue to explore the universe in which we live. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. IELTS ETRAIN 328 Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTERlr eee Nii@ SALARY FOR SPO! hould be gi RTS PLAYERS Firstly, high salary for sports players is an appropriate recognition for their hard work, persistence and pain. ‘To be more specific, being a top sportsper- son requires hours of practice every day, let alone their high risk of getting injured. Secondly, the career of a sports player is relatively short. After their sport career ends, some of them have to struggle with other fields in order to live on. Next, it is fair for a sports icon to earn a lot of money because televised games or events in which they are on can attract a large number of viewers who are willing to pay for seeing their idols in person. Moreover, sports celebrities have to endure close scrutiny and invasion of privacy from public and media. Hence, they need to be highly paid in order to afford appropriate security for themselves and their families. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Thit nhat, long cao danh cho van déng vién thé thao la mét su cong nhan hgp ly danh cho su cham chi, kién tri va nhting chain thuong ma ho trai qua. Cu thé hon, dé tré thanh mét van dong vién thé thao hang dau yéu cau nhiéu gid lus nguy co rat lén bj dinh chan thuong Thi hai, sw nghiép cia mét van déng vién thé thao tuong déi ngan. sau khi sy nghiép thé thao cia ho két thtic, mét vai ngudi trong soho phai vat lén dé kiém séng 6 cach linh vue khac Tiép d6, hoan toan cong bang khi ma mé6t ngéi sao thé thao cé thé kiém dude rat nhiéu tién béi vi nhiing chuong trinh hay su kién c6 sy xuat hién ctia ho duge phat sing trén TV hay radio thi 06 thé thu Init mét lugng Ién ngudi xem, va nhiing nguéi xem nay luén san sang tra tién dé duoe nhin tan mit ng6i sao ctia ho Hon nita, cdc ngéi sao thé thao cting phai chju dung nhiing sw deo bam am nhép déi tu tit oéng déng hay truyén thong. Vi vay, ho can due tra lwong cao dé c6 thé chi tra cho vige that chat an ninh cho ban than va gia dinh ho va 330Finally, sports icons can be a good role model for young generation, encourag- ing them to follow their dreams ee Mesh ctw eT Cudi cing, cae ngéi sao thé thao cing cé thé trd thanh mét tam guong tét cho thé hé tré, khuyén khich ho theo duéi uée mo cia minh Sports players do not provide such vital service for society as other jobs like teachers or doctors, so it is unjustified when a footballer can gain a higher income than a teacher. Although some sports players do retire in their early 30s, they still have oppor- tunities to become coaches, so they can still earn good money after ending their sports career. Some top sportspeople can get sponsor- ship deals or money from magazines or broadcast events, which is sufficient for them to cover their needs after retirement “i céip cdc dich vu thiét yéu cho xa hi nhu nhiing céng vige khac nhu gido vién hay bac si, vi vay hoan toan v6 Is khi m6t van dong vién da bong cb thu nhap cao hon mét giéo vién d6ng vién thé thao khong cung Mac dt mét vai van déng vién thé thao c6 thé sé phai nghi huu trudéc tudi 30 nhung ho van cé co hdi trd thanh huan luyén vién, vi vay ho van c6 thé kiém duige tién sau khi két thtic su nghiép M6ét vai van d6ng vién thé theo cé thé c6 dude hop déng bao trd hay ti cde tap cht, cae su ki song truyén hinh, va s6 tién dii dé ho trang trai cho nhu ¢: minh sau khi nghi huu VOCABULARY LIST persistence (noun) Meaning: the fact of continuing to try to do something despite difficulties, especially when other people are against you and think that you are being annoying or unreasonable Vietnamese: kién tri, bén bi + sportsperson = sports player Meaning: a person who plays a lot of sport, especially as a profes- sional Vietnamese: (compound noun) in dong vién thé thao IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER 331+ sports celebritie = sports icon = sports star (compound noun) + risk of some- thing/ doing some- thing (noun) +struggle with something (verb) slive on (phrasal verb) + televise something (verb) + endure something (verb) +serutiny (noun) sinvasion of privacy (phrase) + unjustified (adjective) + retire (verb) + sponsorship deal (compound noun) (adjective) Meaning: a famous person who plays sports Vietnamese: ngdi sao thé thao Meaning: the possibility of something bad happening at some time in the future Vietnamese: 06 nguy co xy ra chuyén gi Meaning: to try very hard to do something when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems Vietnamese: vit Jpn véi cai gi Meaning: to continue to live or exist Vietnamese: tiép tuc séng Meaning: to broadcast something on television Vietnamese: phat song cai gi Meaning: to experience and deal with something that is painful or unpleasant Vietnamese: chju dung, trai qua cai gi Meaning: careful and thorough examination Vietnamese: ri soit ky Iuong Meaning: an act or a process that affects somebody/something’s privacy Vietnamese: xam lain doi tu Meaning: not fair or necessary Vietnamese: khéng cng bing Meaning: to stop doing your job, especially because you have reached a particular age or because you are ill/sick Vietnamese: nghi huu Meaning: an agreement, especially in business, in which the spon- sors agree to pay for players or singers Vietnamese: hop déng bio tro Meaning: enough for a particular purpose Vietnamese: di IELTS ETRAIN 332 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTERSAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Some people believe that the salaries paid to professional sportspeople are too high, while others argue that sports salaries are fair. Discuss both views and give your opinion, 2. Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair IELTS ETRAIN 333 Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER@ EXTREME SPORTS. Firstly, not only can extreme sports put the life of players at risk but it also endangers the spectators as well. For example, in a Formula 1 car crash, drivers can get hurt and so can those watching in the crowd Secondly, extreme sports can encour- age violence or law-breaking behav- iors in the society. For instance, watching boxers fight against each other in a boxing ring, people espe- cially adolescents may mimic this action and then perform it in their daily life. Dau tién, thé thao mao hiém khéng chi de doa mang séng ctia vin déng vién ma con 14 méi hoa vi ca nguéi xem. Vi du, trong mét vu tai nan ctia cuge dua xe Cong thie 1, ngudi lai xe c6 thé bj chan thuong va nhiing ngudi xem trong dim déng cling vay Thit hai, thé thao mao hiém cing c6 thé khuyén khich bao hic hay cac hanh vi trai phap lujt trong xa hGi. Vi du, xem céc vo su boxing thi dau trén san, moi ngudi va dac biét Ja thanh thiéu nién c6 thé sé bat chuée hanh déng nay va thu hién né trong doi song hang ngay People have the right to make their own decisions and prohibiting people doing what they enjoy is just unjustified. Next, it is relatively difficult to deter- mine which sport is dangerous and should be prohibited. For example, some fatal accidents still occur in the most popular and seemingly harmless like football or gymnastics. Therefore, banning the activities that appear to be risky to only some groups of people is not entirely reasonable. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Moi ngudi déu cé quyén dita ra quyét dinh hia chon va viée céim ngudi ta lam diéu ma ho thich la khéng hop ly. Tiép theo, kha khé dé c6 thé quyét dinh mén thé thao nao la nguy hiém va nén bj cm. Vi du, mét vai tai nan chét ngudi van xay ra 6 nhuing mén thé thao pho bién nhat va dudng nhu cé vé 1a v6 hai nhat nhu bong da hay gym. Vi vay, céim cc hoat déng cé vé nhu nguy hiém véi chi mét vai nhém ngudi nay 1a khéng hoan toan hgp ly 334Moreover, extreme sports players can Hon nia, van déng vién thé thao gain a lot from these sporting activities. mao hiém cé thé thu gat duge rat They would learn problem-solving and nhiéu tt cae hoat déng thé thao decision-making skills under extreme nay. Ho c6 thé hoc due ky nang conditions, which are also helpful in gidi quyét van dé va ky nang dua ra other areas in life. quyét dinh dudi diéu kién khae nghiét, va day cing 1a diéu hitu ich vdi ho trong cdc linh vue khac trong cuée sdng Finally, rather than banning these Cuéi cing, thay vi la cém nhiing sports, governments should invest in hopt ding thé thao ndy, chihh phi improving the quality of sports facilities _nén dau tu vao viée nang cap cac co in order to ensure the safety for both sé vat chat thé thao dé dam bao su players and spectators. an toan cho ngudi choi va ca ngudi xem VOCABULARY LIST + spectator Meaning: a person who is watching an event, especially a sports (noun) event Vietnamese: khan gid + boxer Meaning: a person who boxes, especially as a job 6 si boxing (noun) Vietnamese: + boxing ring Meaning: A boxing ring is the space in which a boxing match (compound noun) occurs Vietnamese: dau trudng thi dau boxing +mimie Meaning: copy something something (verb) + fatal Meaning: causing or ending in death (adjective) Vietnamese: gay chét ngudi SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Some people think that dangerous sports should be banned, while others think people should be free to choose. Discuss both views and give your own opinion 2. Some people think that some sports involving violence such as boxing and mar- tial arts should be banned on TV as well as from international sporting competi- tions. To what extent do you agree? IELTS ETRAIN 335 Thanh Loan) ENGLISH CENTER6 SPORTS CELEBRITIES AND THE YOUNG Setting sports stars as an example can be a good way to encourage teenag- ers make constant efforts so as to achieve success. Next, the diligence and persistence of sports competitions could inspire people to overcome their setbacks. For example, in the Paralympic Games, that visually impaired athletes still try their best to perform and gain achievements could motivate disabled children to overcome illnesses and disadvantages. Society can also gain benefits from vol- untary activities that famous sports people do. For example, Cristiano Ron- aldo, a very well-known footballer in the world, is active in assisting philan- thropic organizations to help under- privileged children. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Coi céc van déng vién thé thao la tam guong dé hoc héi c6 thé la mét cach t6t giip khuyén khich thanh nién lién tue c6 ging dé thanh cong. Tiép theo, sy siéng nang va kién tri cua cée ngéi sao thé thao e6 th truyén cam hing cho moi ngudi vuot qua nghich canh. Vi du, trong thé van héi Paralympics, vi nhiing van d6ng vién khiém thj co gang thuc hién phan thi ctia ho dé dat duge thanh céng cé thé Khuyén khich tré em khuyét tat vugt qua bénh tat va khé nhoc cia minh Xa hdi c6 thé dude huéng I9i tit cae céng viée tinh nguyén ma cae van dong vién thé thao néi tiéng lam. Vi du, Cristiano Ronaldo, mét céu thi da bong rat ndi tiéng thé gidi, rat nang déng trong viée hé trd cac to chtie tt thign dé gitip do tré c6 hoan canh khé khan 336In some cases, admiring sports celebri- ties can be harmful especially if they do not set a good example. To illustrate, some stars have unhealthy lifestyle like drug abuse or sexual miscon- duct, so it is likely that their loyal fans will copy these lifestyles. Admiring idols can result in some trends in society though the trend is odd or even weird. For example, some young adults are not mature enough to decide which fashion style is suitable for them in their local culture and tradi- tion, and they just follow the style of their idols, which, in some cases, turns them into eccentrics in the eyes of sur- rounding people. Idolizing sports icons can cause hooli- ganism which is likely to pose threats to the security of society. For example, fights sometimes can be prompted by some gangs of football hooligans. VOCABULARY LIST +setting some- Trong mét vai trudng hop, viée ngudng mé cae ngéi sao thé thao cé thé c6 hai, dic biét lai khi ho khong phai 14 mét tam guong tét. Vi du, mét vai ngéi sao 6 Iéi séng khéng thé la nhiing fan chung thanh ctia ho sé bat chute theo 16i séng nay Ham mé cde ngéi sao thé thao cé thé gay ra mét vai xu huéng trong xa hgi mac dit xu hudng d6 1a rat Ia doi hay tham cht ky cue. Vi du, mét vai thanh thiéu nién chua di truéng thanh dé quyét dinh xem phong cach thdi trang nao la pha hop vdi van héa va truyén thong dia phuong cua ho, va trong m6t so” trudng hop, diéu nay sé bién ho trd thanh nhting ké Ip dj trong mat ctia nhting nguéi xung quanh Than tugng héa cac ngéi sao thé thao e6 thé gay ra nan cén dé, quay pha, va c6 thé gy hai cho an ninh xa hoi. Vi du, mot vai vu dinh nhau c6 thé nay sinh do mét s6’ phan tit qué khich ctia mét déi da bong. Meaning: taking a person or their behaviour that is thought to be thing as an a good model for others to copy example Vietnamese: coi ai dé 18 mét tim guong (phrase) IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER 337-diligence (noun) + persistence (noun) + setback (noun) «voluntary (adjective) + philanthropic organization (phrase) + underprivileged children (compound noun) + unhealthy lifestyle (noun phrase) + drug abuse (noun) + sexual misconduct (noun phrase) sodd (adjective) + weird (adjective) + eccentric (noun) + hooliganism (noun) - hooligan (noun) Meaning: carefull and thorough work or effort Vietnamese: cain cit, siéng nang Meaning: the fact of continuing to try to do something despite difficulties Vietnamese: kién tri Meaning: a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents something Vietnamese: nghich canh Meaning: done willingly, not because you are forced Vietnamese: tinh nguyén Meaning: organization that help those in need Vietnamese: td chite hao tam, ti thién Meaning: disadvantaged children Vietnamese: tré em c6 hoan cainh khé khan Meaning: the lifestyle that is not normal and be likely to be harm- ful Vietnamese: phong cach song khéng lanh manh Meaning: the habitual taking of addictive or illegal drugs. Vietnamese: sit dung ma niy Meaning: a broad term encompassing any unwelcome behavior of a sexual nature that is committed without consent or by force, intimidation, coercion, or manipulation. Vietnamese: quay réi tinh duc Meaning: strange or unusual Vietnamese: Ja ling, ky cuc Meaning: very strange or unusual and difficult to explain Vietnamese: Is déi Meaning: a person who is considered by other people to be strange or unusual Vietnamese: ké lap dj Meaning: noisy and violent behaviour by a group of people in public Vietnamese: nan con dé, quay pha Meaning: a young person who behaves in an extrem! ; noisy and violent way in public, usually in a group Vietnamese: ké quéy pha IELTS ETRAIN 338 Thanh lean) ENCIISH CENTERSAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Professional sports people are often idolized by young children. Some people think that they, therefore, have a responsibility to be good role models at all times for children. 2. Nowadays young people are admiring media and sports stars, even though they do not set a good example. Do you think this is a positive or negative development? IELTS ETRAIN 339 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER@ SPORTS AND POLITICS Sa They piel First, hosting an international sports event can bring the image of the country to overseas people, facilitating foreign investment and tourism industry to take off. Secondly, tourists coming to the host country will spend their money on accommodation, travel, food or enter- tainment, which helps create more jobs for the locals and increase the revenue for indigenous businesses. Thirdly, being a host of an international event will increase the patriotism amongst citizens and encourage them to take up sports, which is a long-term benefit for the nation’s health. Finally, hosting an international sport- ing event can enhance the diplomatic relationship among nations, contrib- uting to the world peace. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER Dau tién, ding cai mét sui kién thé thao cé6 thé giip duta hinh anh ctia quée gia dén voi ban bé quéc té& gitip tang von dau tu nude ngoai va thie diy nganh cng nghiép du lich Thit hai, du khach dén voi nuée chit nha sé phai chi tién cho ché an 6, di Jai, dé an va giai trich, va diéu nay sé gitip tgo thém nhiéu viée lim cho ngudi dja phuong cting nhu tang thu nhép cho eae doanh nghigp bin dja Thit ba, tré thanh nuée chi nha ctia mét su kién quéc té’c6 thé lam gia tang long yéu nude cia ngudi dan, va khuyén khich ho tap thé thao nhiéu hon, diéu nay sé la mét Joi ich lau dai cho stte khée etta mét quée gia Cuéi cing, ding cai mét su kién thé thao quéc té cé thé tang cuéng méi quan hé ngoai giao gitta cae quéc gia, gép phan thie day hoa binh thé gidi 340meeps Staging international events can costa large amount of money for building arenas and state-of-the-art infra- structure. For example, when being a host for Olympic, a country need not only build an international standard stadium but also construct suitable and smooth traffic systems to meet the demand for traveling of a great number of fans. Expenditures on hosting sports events can be better invested for other urgent and vital areas like welfare and educa- tion. Environmental pollution after each sporting event is also another issue. Ina World Cup Tournament, a large number of fans coming to support their national football team may generate an enor- mous amount of trash. Also, resources like water or energy are used a lot to keep the stadium grass lush. Hosting an international event may pose threats to national security as ter- rorists might come to the country, Finally, the indigenous tradition and lifestyle may be adversely affected when a massive number of foreign people coming. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Dang cai su kién quéc té e6 thé tén rat nhiéu tién cho viée xay dung cde dau trudng va co sé ha tang hign dai. Vidu, khi la nuée chit nha cho Olympics, m6t quée gia khéng chi cdn x4y mét sén vin dong dat tiéu chudn quée té ma con cain xay dung hé théng giao thong phi hop va hiéu qua dé dap ting dude nhu cdu di lai cho higng Ién du khéch Chi tiéu vao vige té' chtie su kign nay 6 thé stt dung tét hon vao cae Iinh vue thiét yéu va cap bach khée nhu phti Igi xa hdi hay giao due O nhiém moi trudng sau mdi su kién thé thao la mét van dé khac. Trong 6t gidi ditu world cup, rat nhiéu ngudi him m6 dén dé cd va di tuy€n ctia ho c6 thé tao ra mét lugng rac khéng I6, hon niia, nhiing nguén nhw nuée hay nang higng cing duge st dung rat nhiéu dé giti cé san van d6ng luén dude tuoi tét Dang cai mét su kign quée té co thé gay hai cho an ninh quée gia do cae phan tit kining bé'cé thé vao quéc gia nay. Cudi cing, phong cach sdng va truyén théng ban dia c6 thé bi anh hudng tiéu cue khi mot hong lén du Khach nuée ngoai dén . 341VOCABULARY LIST +take off Meaning: to become successful or popular very quickly or suddenly (phrasal verb) Vietnamese: phat trién + indigenous Meaning: belonging to a particular place rather than coming to it (adjective) from somewhere else Vietnamese: bin dia, ban xt + patriotism Meaning: love of your country and willingness to defend it (noun) Vietnamese: long yéu nude stake something — Meaning: to learn or start to do something, especially for pleasure up Vietnamese: bit dau cai gi dé (phrasal verb) + diplomatic Meaning: the relationships between countries relationship Vietnamese: méi quan hé ngoai gino + stage Meaning: to organize and present a play or an event for people to (verb) see Vietnamese: sip xép, t6 chtie +arena Meaning: a place with a flat open area in the middle and seats (noun) around it where people can watch sports and entertainment Vietnamese: trudng dau + state-of-the-art ising the most modern or advanced techniques or meth- (adjective) ods; as good as it can be at the present time Vietnames hign dai + terrorist a person who takes part in teri (noun) Vietnamese: ké kiting bd SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Many countries want to host international sports event, while other countries think that hosting sports events has more problems than benefits. Discuss both views and give your own experience 2. Government should spend more money on education than on sports. Do you agree or disagree? IELTS ETRAIN 342 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER© PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR SPORTS, Firstly, investing in professional sports can create a lot of job opportunities for people who are physically talented, enabling them to earn a living through professional competitions. Secondly, the level of professional sports is much higher than amateur sports, therefore it requires a lot of invest- ments in specialized facilities for training and practicing. Thirdly, professional athletes do not only entertain a lot of people but also encourage them to make constant efforts to achieve success. Dau tién, déu tw vao thé thao chuyén nghép c6 thé tao ra rat nhiéu co h6i viée lim cho nhiing ngudi cé nang khiéu vé mat thé chat, cho phép ho kiém séng nho vao viée thi diu chuyén nghiép Thi hai, mic dé ctia thé thao chuyén nghiép sé cao hon rat nhiéi so v6i thé thao nghiép du, vi thé nhiéu von dau tu hon vao cée co sd vat chat chuyén mén dé phuc vu cho vige dio tao va luyén tip Thit ba, cdc vin déng vién chuyén nghigp khéng chi gitip rat nhiéu ngudi thu gian ma con khuyén khich ho lién tue cé ging dé dat dutgc thanh céng sometimes encourage people to compete for money and fame, which results in that some of them may use drugs in order to win at any cost. Meanwhile, amateur sports encourage people to take part in for their Professional sports can pleasure, keeping them involved in healthy lifestyle. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER Thé thao chuyén nghiép déi khi khuyén khich moi nguéi thi dau vi tién va danh tiéng, va diéu nay cé thé dan dén viée la mét vai nguoi trong sé ho sé sit dung thuéc dé danh chién thing bat ky gid nao. Trong khi dé, thé thao nghiép du lai khuyén khich moi nguidi tham gia dé thu gian, gi cho ho mét Idi séng lanh manh 343Investing in amateur sports can benefit a majority of population who are not physically talented but keen to exercise to stay in a good shape or maintain a good health. Thus, this will help to raise public health. Dau tu va thé thao nghiép du con c6 Idi cho da sé nguoi dan, ngudi khéng c6 nang khiéu vé mat thé chat nhung luén hao hiing trong viée luyén tap dé giit voc dang va duy tri sttc khée tét. Vi thé, diéu nay gitip nang cao site khée cong dong When a majority of people, especially the youth, have more access to sports Khi da s6'ngudi dan, die biét 1a gidi tré, c6 di xtic vdi co so facilities, they are less likely to involve vat chat thé thao, rat c6 thé ho sé in social evils or committing illegal khdng tham gia vao céc t@ nan xa activities h¢ hay ede hoat dong trai phép luat VOCABULARY LIST + professional competition (noun phrase) Meaning: the contest that requires a high level of skills or educa- tion Vietnamese: thi dai chuyén nghigp + specialized facilities (noun phrase) Meaning: the building, services or equipment that are designed for a particular purpose Vietnamese: co sé vat chit chuyén dung + social evils Meaning: anything detrimental to a society or its citizens, as alco- holism, organized crime, ete. Vietnamese: t¢ nan xa hdi SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1, Some countries achieve international sports by building specialised facilities to train top athletes, instead of providing sports facilities that everyone can use. Do you think this is positive or negative development? 2. Some people believe that sport has an important role in society. Others, however, feel that it is nothing more than a leisure activity for some people. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 3. Some people say that the best way to improve public health is to increase the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are also required. Discuss both views and give your own opinion IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan = ENGLISH CENTER 344© COMPETITION AND CO-OP! Firstly, competition is effective when pushing athletes to give their best and never stop trying and improving them- selves. Secondly, competitive sports can improve self-esteem. For example, when a child wins a game, he or she can feel proud of themselves and recog- nized. Or even when not winning, she or he can still learn how to hold their head high because they have made their best. When taking part in sports, co-opera- tion should be encouraged, especially among children, as it helps them to socialize and learn teamwork skills. Playing team sports, people are required to negotiate, share ideas and resolve disputes when needed. This is supposed to help them in their work and daily life. Co-operation in sports offers friendly environment for people to learn from each other. By contrast, in competitive sports people are under pressure of winning, which may result in cheating. IELTS ETRAIN Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTER ERATION IN SPORTS Dau tién, canh tranh rat hiéu qua trong viée thiic day cic van déng vién c'gding hét stic minh va khéng ngiing cé ging, hoan thién ban than ‘Thit hai, thé thao canh tranh c6 thé. gitip moi ngudi nang cao long tw ton. Vi dy, khi mt dita tré danh chién thaing trong m6t cuge thi dau, ching sé cam thay due céng nhan va tu’ hao hon vé ban than minh. Hay tham chi mac du khéng chién thang, ching van hoe dude each ngang cao dau bdi da né hic hét site Khi tham gia thé thao, su hgp tac nén due khuyén khich diac biét 1a 0 tré bdi n6 sé gitp ching hoa déng va hoc duge ky nang lam viée nh6ém. Choi cic mén thé thao déng di, moi nguidi duide yéu eau la phai thao Iuan, chia sé y kién va giai quyét tranh chap khi can thiét. Diéu nay duge cho la sé gitip ho trong céng vige va cuge séng hang ngay Hop tac trong thé thao dem lai méi truéng than thién cho moi ngudi dé hoc hoi tit nhau. Ngude lai, trong thé thao tranh déu moi ngudi luén chju ap lic phii chién thing, diéu nay cé thé din dén hanh vi gian Jin. 345VOCABULARY LIST + self-esteem (noun) + socialize (verb) + negotiate (verb) sresolve dispute (phrase) (phrasal verb) +be under pressure (phrase) Meaning: 2 feeling of being happy with your own character and abilities Vietnamese: long ti ton Meaning: to meet and spend time with people in a friendly way, in order to enjoy yourself Vietnamese: hoa nhip Meaning: to try to reach an agreement by formal discussion Vietnamese: dam phan, din xép Meaning: to find an acceptable solution a disagreement or conflict Vietnamese: gidi quyét tranh c: Meaning: being forced to do something Vietnamese: chju ap luc SAMPLE QUESTIONS 1. Some people believe that a sense of competition in children should be encour- aged. Others believe that children who are taught to co-operate rather than com- pete become more useful adults. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 2. Some people think that sport teaches children how to compete, while others believe that children learn teamwork. Discuss both views and give your opinion. IELTS ETRAIN 346 Thanh Loan ENGLISH CENTERaa TRIEN TU VUNG Y TUONG THEO CHU BE CHO BAI THI IELTS Dé ndi thong, viet thao, c6 hai yéu t6 tién quyét ma ban can Lome Aoi) Cec ROAM LMM eM MCU rie Reith IBC Mma Ma VACcUle ills) Medco Me reh CULE Lela y ae eel Navel Mu oAoe) Reins era cae Mie Ue MMT RO MCU Reem toe nom eRe MIL Bea) Pennies aca SAE nN ee cake Paes Moai meu ne nih ames) Cate Ve COMICS MINA one Le oR lean M eh Dalene hehe ire) TR ae A Me BU NR Re aco Re oA aC acon Sion) chinh phy IELTS day chéng gai nay. “ Weenie al Pd tes edna soe eC Ba Total morelalt-Coud lee] aK Cel RU) - a