TITLE OF RESEARCH :

TO STUDY HOW INSTAGRAM AFFECTS THE SLEEP CYCLE OF YOUTH.

AUTHOR: GARIMA TIWARI

GUIDE: PROF. KALPANA RAI MENON

ABSTRACT:
Instagram use has been demonstrated to interrupt young people's sleep cycles by
alerting them and lowering their quality of sleep. According to research,
continuous exposure to the bright screens of electronics like cell phones may
decrease melatonin production and postpone the onset of sleep. Additionally,
Instagram's content, which includes interesting social interactions and visually
appealing photographs, can keep users up late into the night. Using Instagram can
disturb a young person's natural sleep cycle, which can result in poor sleep and
lead to sleep deprivation and a number of connected health issues.

KEYWORDS: Instagram, Youth, Sleep cycle, Effects.

INTRODUCTION:
Instagram is a social media platform that allows users to share photos, videos,
and stories with their followers. It also has features such as messaging, live video
streaming, and the ability to discover new content through hashtags and explore
pages. Launched in 2010, it has since become one of the largest social media
networks in the world, with over 1 billion monthly active users.
A sleep cycle is the pattern of physiological changes that occur in the body during
a typical night's sleep. It typically lasts around 90 minutes and involves a
progression through different stages of sleep, including light sleep, deep sleep,
and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The sleep cycle is repeated several times
over the course of a night, with the brain and body alternately going through
periods of activity and rest. The quality and duration of sleep can be influenced by
a variety of factors, including stress, diet, and exposure to screens.
Youth sleep cycles have been proven to be negatively impacted by excessive
usage of Instagram, which has been connected to shorter sleep durations and
poorer sleep quality. This is caused by a number of things, including the blue light
reflected by screens, the stimulation of the brain caused by seeing social media
content, and a rising propensity to use social media right before bed. Also, being
exposed to peer pressure and the platform's excessive beauty standards can
cause anxiety and tension, which can further impair sleep.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS & IT’S PURPOSE:

1. NAME OF THE RESPONDENT: This question was asked in order to
understand who the respondent is.
2. AGE OF THE RESPONDENT: This question was asked in order to understand
the different responses for the age group between 15 -25.
3. GENDER OF THE RESPONDENT: This question was asked in order to
understand which group of gender has more exposure to it.
4. PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENT: This question was asked in order to
understand the status of the respondent
5. HOW MANY HOURS OF SLEEP DO YOU GET DAILY? : This question was
asked in order to understand how many hours of sleep the respondent is getting
on a daily basis.
6. DO YOU USE SOCIAL MEDIA APPS? : This question was asked in order to
understand whether social media is used by the targeted audience.
7. WHICH SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORM DO YOU USE THE MOST ?: This question
was asked in order to understand which social media platform is used the most by
the targeted audience.
8. HAVE YOU EVER USED INSTAGRAM? : This question was asked in order to
understand if the targeted audience uses Instagram.
9. DO YOU AGREE THAT INSTAGRAM AFFECTS THE SLEEP CYCLE? : This
question was asked in order to understand whether the targeted audience agrees
to, does Instagram affects the sleep cycle or not.
10. IF YOU USE INSTAGRAM, ABOUT HOW LONG, DO YOU SPEND TIME ON
SOCIAL MEDIA AFTER GOING TO BED?: This question was asked in order to
understand if the targeted audience uses Instagram after going to bed.
11. AFTER YOU FALL ASLEEP AT NIGHT, DO YOU WAKE UP AND ACCESS
ANYTHING ON INSTAGRAM? : This question was asked in order to understand
whether the targeted audience wakes up in between the night and accesses
Instagram for any reason.
12. DO YOU THINK OR FEEL THAT THE OVERUSE OF INSTAGRAM IS AFFECTING
YOU IN ANY OF THESE AREAS? : This question was asked in order to understand
whether the targeted audience feels affected in any of the areas mentioned.
13. DO YOU NOTICE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING SYMPTOMS OF SLEEP
DEPRIVATION DURING THE DAY? This question was asked in order to understand
if the targeted audience feels any symptoms of sleep deprivation during the
daytime.
14. GIVE AN OPINION- HOW INSTAGRAM AFFECTS THE SLEEP CYCLE? :? This
question was asked in order to understand what is the opinion given by the
targeted audience.

AIMS & OBJECTIVE:.

1. To study how Instagram affects the sleep cycle of youth.

2. To examine the relationship between social media usage, particularly
Instagram, and sleep patterns in young people.
3. To assess the impact of late-night scrolling and exposure to stimulating
content on sleep quality and duration.
4. To identify the contributing factors that lead to social media-related sleep
disturbance, such as anxiety, depression, and addiction.
5. To gather information on the habits and behaviors of young people
regarding social media usage and sleep.
6. To make recommendations on how to reduce the negative effects of social
media on sleep and improve sleep hygiene in the youth population.
7. To explore how social media exposure before bedtime affects sleep quality
and quantity.
8. To understand the impact of online content consumption on sleep quality
and quantity.
9. To examine the role of social media in creating sleep-related stress in
youth.
10. To assess the impact of social media use on sleep-related anxiety and
insomnia in young people.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
1. Research design
This research and questionnaires have been used for data collection.
The most recent numbers available are listed under primary data. Primary research
is carried out using the practical sample method. So that respondents can respond
honestly, a well-organized questionnaire has been developed. 96 people were
randomly selected to complete a Google forms-based online survey.
Secondary Data: This information was gathered through online reports,
publications, businesses, and regular individuals.

2. HYPOTHESIS:
H0: There is no effect of Instagram on the sleep cycle
H1: This is a direct effect of Instagram on the sleep cycle
3. SAMPLE DESIGN:
To collect information from a random selection of persons in the community, this
research used stratified random sampling. The study's sample size is 96
participants.

4. LIMITATIONS :
Obtaining the users' participation and information was challenging. It is possible
that some of the survey respondents developed prejudices. Because Google Forms
was used to obtain the data, responses might not be accurate.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
. In this important age group, a high level of electronic device use and its
relationship with sleep quality, daily dysfunction, sleep duration, and
depression is worthy of issue awareness among health managers, parents, and
teachers for providing interventional programs, based on standard updated
guidelines, in order to reduce the problem and familiarize adolescents and
their parents, at home or school, with restrictions on using devices to view
and participate in social media.
-AUTHOR: AZAR PIRDEHGHAN, EDRIS KHEZMEH AND SOHEILA PANAHI
.Having surveyed these recent advances and current challenges in this area
of research and practice, our hope for the coming years is that the field as a
whole embraces this shift toward a broader perspective on social media use:
establishing a more nuanced, in-depth understanding of its unique social,
emotional and cognitive aspects. Collaborative multidisciplinary
approaches that triangulate insight from different methodologies and
perspectives can help inform an integrated understanding of sleep and
mental health in today’s connected world.
-AUTHOR: Holly Scott & Heather Cleland Woods
. In summary, this study assessed the association between social media use
and sleep disturbance among a large, nationally-representative sample of
young adults. The rate of SM use has been growing rapidly in recent years.
Additionally, disturbed and insufficient sleep have been associated with poor
health outcomes. Thus, the strong association between SM use and sleep
disturbance has important clinical implications for the health and well-being
of young adults. Future work should focus on longitudinal studies that can
determine the direction of effect among these variables, as well as further
explore the different types of SM interactions that are associated with sleep
disturbance.

. -AUTHOR: HHS Author Manuscripts

. Social media use before sleep (controlling for effects of blue-light) had
little effect on bedtime arousal and sleep quality than what was previously
expected. The most notable effect appears to be the additional time spent
engaging in social media use at bedtime, potentially keeping people from
going to sleep. As wake up-time is mostly determined externally, due to
school or working hours, limiting personal media use at bedtime—and
especially in bed—is recommended to get sufficient hours of sleep.

-AUTHOR:
SelinaLadina Combertaldi, Alexander Ort, Maren Cordi, Andreas Fahr, Björn Ras
ch

DATA ANALYSIS:

1.Age of the respondent

Figure 1 (Age of respondent)

AGE FREQUENCY
15-19 36
19-22 45
22-25 15

This. Question informs us about the age of the respondent with the help of above
figure the frequency are as follows 15-19 is 37.5% i.e 36
19-22 is 46.9% i.e 45 and 22-25 is 15.6% i.e 15 individuals
2. Gender of respondent:

Figure 2 (Gender of respondent)

GENDER FREQUENCY
MALE 47
FEMALE 49

This questions informs us about the gender of the respondent with the help of
above figure the frequency are as follows Male is 49% i.e 47, Female is 51% i.e 49
and Neutral is 0% i.e 0 individuals.
3. Profile
 Figure 3 (Profile of the respondent)
PROFILE FREQUENCY
Student 81
Working 10
Business 03
Intern 02

This question informs us about the profile of the respondent with the help of the
above figure the frequency is as follows Student 84.4% i.e 81, Working 10.4% i.e
10, BUSINESS 3.1% i.e 3 and Intern 2.1% i.e 2 individuals.
4. Hours of sleep:

Figure 4 (Hours of sleep of the respondent)

HOURS OF SLEEP FREQUENCY
4hrs 11
6hrs 46
8hrs 34
8+hrs 05

This questions informs us about the hours of sleep the respondent gets with the help of the above figure
and the frequency are as follows 4hrs 11.5% i.e 11, 6hrs 47.9% i.e 46, 8hrs 35.4% i.e 34 and >8hrs 5.2%
i.e 5 individuals.
5. Most used social media platform:

Figure 5 (Most used social media platforms)

MOST USED SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORM FREQUENCY

Twitter 01
Whattsapp 20
Snapchat 73
Instagram 02

This question informs us about the most used social media platforms by the
respondent with the help of the above figure the frequency is as follows Twitter
1% i.e 1, WhatsApp 20.8% i.e 20, Instagram 76% i.e 73 and Snapchat 2.1% i.e 2
individuals.

6.Instagram affect sleep cycle:

 Figure 6 ( Instagram and sleep cycle)
INSTAGRAM AFFECT ON SLEEP FREQUENCY
Strongly agree 30
Agree 53
Disagree 10
Strongly disagree 03

This question informs us about Instagram and the sleep cycle with the help of the
above figure the frequency is as follows Strongly agree 31.2% i.e 30, Agree 55.2%
i.e 53, Disagree 10.4% i.e 10 and strongly agree 3.1% i.e 3 individual.

7. Time spent on social media at night

Figure 7 (Time spent on Instagram at night)

TIME SPENT ON INSTAGRAM AT NIGHT FREQUENCY
5mins-15mins 18
15mins-30mins 19
30mins-1hr 28
1hr-2hrs 17
 2+hrs 14

This question informs us about the time spent by the respondent on Instagram at
night the frequency is as follows 5-15 mins 18.8% i.e 18, 15-30 mins 19.8% i.e 19,
30mins- 1hr 29.2% i.e 28, 1-2 hrs 17.7% i.e 17 and >2hrs 14.6% i.e 14 total times
spend on Instagram.

8. Instagram affects you in any of the following areas :

Figure 8(Instagram affecting in following areas)

INSTAGRAM AFFECTING IN FOLLOWING FREQUENCY

AREAS
Privacy 05
Safety 00
Sleep Cycle 46
Academics 33
None of the above 12

This question informs us about the situation where Instagram affects the
respondents in the following areas and the frequency as follows Privacy 5.2% i.e.
5, safety 0%, Sleep cycle 47.9% 46, Academic 34.4% i.e 33 and respondents who
are not affected are 12.5% i.e 12 individuals.

9.Symptoms
 Figure 9 (Symptoms experienced by the respondent)

SYMPTOMS EXPERIENCED BY THE FREQUENCY

RESPONDENT
I feel sleepy 21
I yawned more than once 19
I fell asleep in class 14
I am confused and my mind is foggy 21
I felt sleepy 21
None of the above 20

This question informs us about the situation where the respondent experiences symptoms of
sleep deprivation and the frequency is as follows Sleepy 21.9% i.e 21, Yawned more than Once
19.8% i.e 19, Sleepy in class 14.6% i.e 14 and respondent who doesn’t experience any of the
symptoms mentioned above 20.8% i.e 20 individuals.
9. Opinion:
If an individual finds something interesting on Instagram, I start searching blogs
and details regarding that topic. And then they keep searching until they have
thoroughly researched it. Depending on how the individual uses the app, it’s
addictive so limiting the use is beneficial for improving sleep. Insta usage around
bedtime can negatively affect how long and how well we sleep. Looking at social
media in bed can make it harder for you to fall asleep. It can also reduce the
amount of time you sleep and leave you feeling unrefreshed the next day. Insta
usage around bedtime can negatively affect how long and how well we sleep.
Looking at social media in bed can make it harder for you to fall asleep. It can also
reduce the amount of time you sleep and leave you feeling unrefreshed the next
day.

CONCLUSION

Being addictive, we don’t know how much we use Instagram unknowingly and it
affects the circadian rhythm disturbing the regular sleep cycle. People who scroll
through Instagram on mobile phones in the hours leading up to bedtime or at
night may encounter a range of sleep problems. These include trouble falling
asleep, waking up earlier than expected, disrupted sleep, and more time spent
sleeping during the day It causes incomplete sleep leading to a lack of
concentration on the next day’s work. Causes a lot of distraction. Though it's
entertaining for some time it later turns into an addiction that may affect our
routine. We tend to use it for hrs, unknowingly which floods our mind with a lot
of unnecessary information it affects us emotionally and then we fall asleep with
those thoughts our mind is active all the time we are asleep, so we don't get good
quality sleep and wake up all tired and irritated! Not getting good quality sleep
and enough sleep affects your metabolism and leads to various lifestyle disorders,
including obesity, diabetes, depression, anxiety, PCOS, PCOD, etc.

REFERENCES:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389945721004834
https://www.bbc.com/news/health-50140111
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40675-019-00148-9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4857587/