CONSTRUCTING SPEAKING TESTS: LIMITED RESPONSE, GUIDED

TECHNIQUES, ORAL INTERVIEW, THE SCORING PROCEDURES

FOR SPEAKING TESTS

Lecturer: Ana Kuliahana, S.Pd., M.Pd.

Composed by:

Group 4
Irmawati: 211160062
Liliyan Safira: 191160051 (Program)
Firman Budiansya I Hi Ukum : 211160063

TADRIS ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING
DATOKARAMA STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY PALU
2023
 FOREWORD

Alhamdulillah, we always pray to the presence of Allah SWT, who still gives
us the grace of faith and health, so that we can finish this paper on time. This
paper was created to fulfill the task of Test and Evaluation .
We would like to express our deepest gratitude to all parties who have
supported and helped us during the process of completing this paper. We also
thank Ma'am Ana Kuliahana, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the instructor for this course. This
paper will discuss "Constructing Speaking Tests".
We realize that the preparation of this paper is still far from perfection,
therefore we are happy to accept constructive criticism and suggestions from
readers. Hopefully this paper can be useful for all parties.

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 LIST OF CONTENT

COVER ……………………………………………………………………...……i
FOREWORD……………………………………………………………………..ii
LIST OF CONTENT……………………………………………………………iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background ……………………………………………………………….1
B. Problem Formulation …….………………………………………….……1
C. Writing Purpose…………..…………………….…………………………1
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION
A. Definition of Speaking Tests …………………………………………….2
B. Techniques of Constructing Speaking Tests …………………………..….2
C. Types of Speaking Tests..............................................................................4
CHAPTER III CLOSING
A. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………6
B. Suggestion …………………………………………………………….…..6
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………...7

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Speaking test play a crucial role in assessing an individual's language
proficiency and communicative skills. Constructing effective speaking
tests requires careful planning and implementation to ensure accurate and
reliable results. This paper aims to delve into the process of developing
speaking tests, discussing key considerations and strategies for
constructing valid and reliable assessments. Moreover, it highlights the
importance of considering cultural and linguistic diversity during test
development. The paper also explores various task types and formats
commonly used in speaking tests, emphasizing the significance of
authenticity and practicality in evaluating real-life communication
abilities. By examining the theoretical foundations and practical
application of constructing speaking tests, this paper provides valuable
insights for language educators and test developers.

B. Problem Formulation
1. What is definition of speaking test?
2. What are the tecniques of constructing speaking tests?
3. What are the types of speaking tests?

C. Writing Purpose
1. To find out the definition of speaking test.
2. To find out the tecniques of constructing speaking tests.
3. To find out the types of speaking tests .

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Definition of Speaking Tests
According to the Collins Dictionary, English speaking means able to
speak English through having learned it.
A speaking test is an assessment designed to evaluate a person's
ability to communicate effectively in a verbal conversation. It is
commonly used to assess language proficiency in specific areas such as
fluency, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and coherence. Speaking
tests can be conducted in various formats, such as face-to-face interviews,
phone conversations, or recorded responses. The purpose of a speaking
test is to gauge the individual's ability to express ideas, engage in
discussions, convey information, and comprehend the spoken language.
The test typically involves tasks or prompts that require the test-taker to
respond, provide opinions, describe experiences, or engage in role plays.
The assessment is usually conducted by trained examiners who evaluate
the individual's performance based on specific criteria and scoring rubrics.

B. Techniques of Constructing Speaking Tests

Constructing speaking tests involves various techniques and
considerations to ensure accurate assessment of language skills. Here are
some commonly used components and scoring procedures for speaking
tests:
1. Limited Response: In this technique, test takers are given specific
prompts or questions that require short and focused responses. This
helps in assessing specific skills such as pronunciation, vocabulary
usage, and succinctness of answers.
2. Guided Techniques: This method involves providing test takers with
some guidance or prompts to elicit longer responses. For example,
using picture descriptions, role-plays, or problem-solving tasks can

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 prompt more extended speech and allow assessment of fluency,
coherence, and ability to express ideas.
3. Oral Interview: Conducting an oral interview is another way to assess
speaking skills. In this format, test takers engage in a conversation
with an examiner or interviewer. This enables the assessment of
various aspects, including interactive communication, ability to initiate
and sustain a conversation, and overall communicative competence.
4. Scoring Procedures: To ensure fairness and consistency in scoring
speaking tests, specific criteria and procedures are used. Here are some
common approaches:
a) Analytic Scoring: This involves grading different aspects of
speaking separately using predefined criteria, such as
pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and coherence. Each
criterion is assessed independently and assigned scores
accordingly.
b) Global Scoring: In this approach, an overall impression of the test
taker's speaking ability is evaluated. The examiner assigns a
holistic score based on the overall quality of communication,
including fluency, coherence, pronunciation, vocabulary usage, and
grammatical accuracy.
c) Rating Scale: A predetermined rating scale is often utilized to
assess speaking proficiency. This scale may range from numerical
scores (e.g., 1-5) or descriptive scales (e.g., beginner, intermediate,
advanced). Each level on the scale corresponds to specific
language features or competencies.
d) Examiner Training: It is crucial to provide comprehensive training
to examiners to ensure consistency in scoring. This includes
explaining the scoring criteria, conducting practice assessments,
and addressing any queries or uncertainties.
Overall, combining limited response, guided techniques, oral
interviews, and adopting appropriate scoring procedures can enhance the

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 effectiveness and reliability of speaking tests. The construction process
should be guided by the desired language skills to be assessed and the
specific needs of the test takers.

C. Types of Speaking Tests

There are various types of speaking tests, each focusing on different
aspects of speaking skills. Some of the common types include:
Imitative speaking tasks: These tasks focus on the test-taker's ability
to imitate or parrot a word, phrase, or sentences. This assessment primarily
focuses on pronunciation and does not require an understanding of the
meaning.
1. Intensive speaking tasks: These tasks involve the test-taker speaking a
small stretch of language, focusing on pronunciation, phonetic,
prosodic, lexical, and grammatical aspects. Comprehension of meaning
is not as important in this type of assessment.
2. Responsive speaking tasks: In this type of assessment, the test-taker is
asked to respond to a question or prompt. This may involve repeating a
word or phrase they have just heard, which helps assess their listening
and pronunciation skills.
3. Interactive speaking tasks: These tasks involve the test-taker engaging
in a conversation or dialogue with an examiner or another test-taker.
This type of assessment assesses their ability to communicate
effectively and interactively.
4. Extensive speaking tasks: These tasks involve the test-taker speaking
for an extended period, often in the form of a monologue, speech, or
storytelling. This type of assessment is more open-ended and
challenges the test-taker to use their speaking skills in a more complex
and creative manner.
5. Reading-aloud tasks: In this type of assessment, the test-taker reads a
passage aloud, allowing the examiner to assess their prosodic stress,

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 intonation, and other oral skills. This technique is often used in
conjunction with other speaking tasks.
6. Oral interviews: These assessments involve a conversation between the
test-taker and an examiner, focusing on the test-taker's ability to
communicate effectively and interactively.
7. Role-play or simulation tasks: In this type of assessment, the test-taker
is asked to participate in a role-play or simulation, such as playing a
character in a scene or situation. This assessment assesses their ability
to use their speaking skills in a realistic and appropriate manner.
Each type of speaking test focuses on different aspects of speaking
skills and can be used for various purposes, such as language proficiency
testing, aptitude testing, placement testing, or skill-specific assessments.

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
A speaking test is an assessment designed to evaluate a person's
ability to communicate effectively in a verbal conversation.
Constructing speaking tests involves various techniques and
considerations to ensure accurate assessment of language skills. Here are
some commonly used components and scoring procedures for speaking
tests:
 Limited response
 Guided techniques
 Oral interview
 Scoring procedures
Speaking tests consist of several types, namely:
 Intensive speaking tasks
 Responsive speaking tasks
 Interactive speaking tasks
 Extensive speaking tasks
 Reading-aloud tasks
 Role-play or simulation tasks

B. Suggestion
Even though I want perfection in the preparation of this article, in
reality there are still many shortcomings that I need to fix. This is due to
my lack of knowledge.
Therefore, constructive criticism and suggestions from readers are
highly expected as evaluation material for the future. So that it can
continue to produce writings that are useful for many people.

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 REFERENCES

Fatimatuzzuhroh.2022."Speaking English: Kupas Tuntas Definisi dan Cara

Belajarnya". https://lister.co.id/blog/speaking-english-kupas-tuntas-definisi/,
accessed December 7, 2023 at 07.10 pm.
Colle,Tenry.2022." The Types of Speaking Assessment Task",
https://tenrycolle.com/universitas/english-language-asessment/-types-of-speaking-
assessment-tasks /, accessed on November 1, 2023 at 07.15 pm.