See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/355916682

Software Defined Wide Area Network SD-WAN: Principles and Architecture

Conference Paper · October 2021

CITATIONS READS

2 8,964

2 authors:

Fatimah Husayn Amir Aldeeb Abdussalam Ali Ahmed

College of Computer Technology, Libya,Benghazi Bani Waleed University, Libya
4 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS 182 PUBLICATIONS 689 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Abdussalam Ali Ahmed on 04 November 2021.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
SOFTWARE DEFINED WIDE AREA NETWORK SD-WAN: PRINCIPLES AND
ARCHITECTURE

Fatma AL Deeb
Computer Networks Department, College of Computer Technology, Benghazi, Libya.
ORCİD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8637-7009
Abdussalam Ali Ahmed
Mechanical Engineering Department, Bani Waleed University, Bani Waleed, Libya.
ORCİD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9221-2902

Abstract
Wide-area connectivity between enterprise site-edge networks and central office core
networks/cloud data centers has seen a significant increase in demand. Various software
defined wide area network (SD-WAN) solutions have been created with the primary goal of
increasing the use of WAN links.
SD-WANs resolve some of the most pressing WAN problems clients currently face when
building and managing hybrid WANs.
For organizations to communicate essential data across various locations and enhance sales, a
reliable Wide Area Network (WAN) has become necessary. It is also possible to say that SD-
WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Networking) is a new networking paradigm that brings
the benefits of Software Defined Networking (SDN) to enterprise networks. In this paper, the
definition and architecture of the Software-defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) will be
explained in addition to obtain reasons to use SD-WAN and how SD-WAN works.

Keywords: Software Defined Wide Area Networking (SD-WAN), Wide area networks,
Business, Software, networks, Architecture.
Introduction and Background
This part of the paper presents the most important concepts and definitions of the Software-
Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) which have been published by many researchers
interested in this topic.
There has been a lot of improvement in technology in terms of internet services in the
previous few decades. A WAN, like the inter-data network in the center, industry channels,
and transportation systems, has built the important foundations of the knowledge community
as essential synchromesh mechanisms available on the Internet [1].
SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) is an overlay architecture that creates
secure unified connectivity over any transport and simplifies operations by allowing for
centralized management, policy control, and application visibility. The SDWAN network
follows standard routing concepts, divides the data and control planes, and virtualizes a large
portion of the routing functions [2]. The control plane is overseen by centralized controllers
that run the virtualized network as an overlay over cost-effective hardware. Routing and
routing ads, as well as the ability to partition different traffic flows, are all included in the
secure virtual IP fabric. It also protects user data using authentication and encryption. The
control plane, data plane, and virtual IP fabric all work together to create a secure, scalable
network.
Virtualization is a network architecture that enables network services to be designed,
implemented, and managed significantly more efficiently than ever before [3]. Two major
characteristics enabling this shift are software-defined networking SDN and network
October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA
1
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
functions virtualization NFV. SDN divides the control plane from the forwarding plane to
manage networks. Software is used by network architects and businesses to configure and
administer network services through a centralized control server [4]. This method develops
networks that are dynamic, agile, secure, and scalable, utilizing the virtualized infrastructure
of modern data centers to respond quickly to changing business needs.
With the gradual migration of businesses to the cloud, WAN bandwidth demand has
increased, resulting in an increase in each company's annual link rental costs. According to
Google, however, traditional WAN utilization is always maintained at 30%-40%. As a result,
businesses must capitalize on bandwidth's potential. Simplificating the deployment process,
dealing with the cloud era of fast on-line business trends, and providing better support for the
Internet of Things all necessitate WANs that are more programmable, easier to deploy, and
more dependable.
To comprehend the benefits that SD-WAN may provide, we must first grasp what SD-WAN
is. “SD-WANs use centralized controllers without relying on interactions with underlying
provider transport solutions,” according to Gibson in “Software-Defined-WAN-for-Dummies”
[5]. This is made possible by decoupling the data plane from the control plane, replacing
internetworking protocols with APIs, and constructing rules based on application metrics
rather than network metrics.”
Figure 1 depicts a new WAN concept, which will be addressed in greater depth later in this
section. It's commonly known as a hybrid WAN. It's absolutely worth looking at the
combination of all of these capabilities in one unified solution that can surpass the
competition at a reasonable price. In this section, we'll look at some of the most popular SD-
WAN providers, as well as the operating principles and distinct types of SD-WAN.

Figure 1: The SD-WAN concept [6]

We can say that it is possible to rely on the Internet to connect practically any two remote
points, but when a secure connection is needed to transfer data (and this is what we need to
connect the branches of a particular company to each other), this option becomes
unacceptable due to the possibility of exposure to various intrusions through the Internet,
especially The information transmitted is not necessarily encrypted, in addition to other
problems related to the inability to prioritize, distribute the load on auxiliary links, or even
provide replacement links in the event that the current link breaks down. MPLS (Multi-
Protocol Label Switching) technology has provided a solution to all of the above problems of
October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA
2
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
normal connection in the Internet, as shown in Figure (2), where companies are now provided
with a connection in the Internet as well, but it is wrapped to provide the required services,
alternatives and confidentiality in the transfer of information By creating a virtual private
network (VPN) within the Internet, as shown in Figure (3), it is also possible to use the IPsec
protocol, which enables encryption (encryption) and reliability at the network layer level in
the Internet.

Figure 2: Connecting enterprise centers using MPLS technology.

The main disadvantages of MPLS technology are: high cost, guest flexibility, and lack of self-
management. These disadvantages have prompted most organizations to use a hybrid WAN. It
uses at least two WAN connections from each branch, allowing two types of access
technology (MPLS, broadband Internet, LTE, etc.), and the choice between these links
depends on the type of data traffic and the required performance parameters. This type of
solution has increased the level of flexibility, but it still suffers from the high cost and
difficulty of self-management. At the same time, many updated principles appeared in the
world of networks; The most important of them are: SDN: Software Defined Network, and
NFV: Network Function Virtualization, due to their widespread use at the present time in
addition to the ongoing research work in their development on the one hand, and in
determining the mechanisms of their use within modern technology on the other hand, as in
SD-WAN: Software-defined Wide Area Network.
SD-WAN networks are the latest development currently that allows centralization and tuning
of services according to the approved policies, as this network has adopted the addition of a
special policy layer that can be dynamically configured to manage the WAN connections of
all branches.

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

3
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES

Figure 3: Using a VPN to provide Internet traffic.

SDN can be defined as a network principle in which two network levels are separated. They
are: the control plane, where control and marking operations take place, and the data plane,
where the passing and routing operations of packets carrying data take place. This is achieved
by placing the network design and network management into central controllers that distribute
instructions to a number of low-cost network nodes. If we make a comparison with traditional
networks that use an independent block for both levels within each node (as shown in Figure
(4)), we find that the leadership in software-defined networks is separated within a higher
level, which allows a very important advantage is the ability to manage the network
programmatically. Some books and articles Programmatically Defined Networks
Programmable Networks.

Figure 4: The difference between SDNs and traditional networks.

The Architecture of the SD-WAN
Figure 6 depicts the SD-WAN architecture. The design has three major layers, as shown in the
diagram: cloud network, virtual services, orchestration, and analytics. The cloud network
layer allows for the creation of an overlay network capable of communicating over both
private and public IP infrastructures. It is made to make communication between
geographically dispersed places, as well as cloud applications and services, easier. Security is
an important aspect of the cloud network layer. [7] Given that SD-WAN relies on the public
internet as a transport network, security is a critical component of its operation. The following
are some best practices for safeguarding communication channels: [8]
October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA
4
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES

Figure 5: The SD-WAN architecture [7]

To give more pieces of information about the architecture of SD-WAN, One of the important
studies that deal with SD-WAN architecture, functions and benefits presents the SD-WAN
architecture [9]. SD-WAN, as mentioned before in many published works, is currently one of
the most actual topics because it connects SDN, NFV, CC and WAN services (e.g. broadband
Internet service) [10].
SDWAN architecture (Figure 7), similar to SDN architecture consists of three architectural
planes. They are infrastructure, or data plane, control plane and orchestration plane.
1. Data plane
Both private and public IP / WAN infrastructures can be used by the data plane to make
connections. It has intended to make communication between geographically dispersed sites,
as well as cloud applications and services, easier. SD-WAN does this by erecting a software-
managed logical architecture on top of the current physical infrastructure. The existing
physical infrastructure is known as Underlay, and this form of network is known as Overlay.
The physical infrastructure of underlay WAN networks is typically heterogeneous and
fragmented, but SD-WAN overlay is usually uniform and consistent. Only one uplink may be
used in some setups (i.e. MPLS). Other options can rely solely on a local Internet connection
with a single uplink, or combine lines and technologies (DSL, 4G/5G, etc.) or even leased
lines or other private WAN solutions.

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

5
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
2. Control plane
SD-WAN, like SDN, operates on the premise of separating the control plane from the data
plane in order to centralize control logic. The controller (or numerous controllers) is the
plane's principal entity, and it can be placed at a branch, headquarters, data center, or in the
cloud. While the CPE is linked to the controller via a secure control connection, this layer is
responsible for controlling the configuration of the attached devices (southbound API). The
East-West API can be used to implement controller federation and clustering (MP-BGP, or
custom solutions). This layer is also in charge of improving the communication flow between
the VPN tunnel and each of the various types of services, such as branch, data center, and
cloud services. The SD-WAN service is programmed towards the orchestrator entity (or
manager) via the Northbound API interface, which mostly uses RestAPI.

3. Orchestration plane
The Orchestration Plane [11] provides a business policy framework for service security
policies and corporate governance strategies.The management level is a high-level abstraction
for policy enforcement (centralized and unified policy management), configuration
management, troubleshooting, monitoring, analytics, predictions ,correlations, reporting, and
notifications. Then there are service-related functions, such as creating and managing
services. Consolidation of these features creates a superior management interface that can
easily manage large deployments.

Figure 6: other architecture of SD-WAN [8]

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA
6
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
Challenges in SD-WAN
There are five common SD-WAN challenges and how to prepare for them:
The five challenges IT teams are facing when evaluating SD-WAN vendors ate discussed
[12]. Vendor selection, underlay provisioning, cloud connectivity, cost reduction and
management are all challenges that must be considered along with specific requirements.

A. Vendor selection
The first problem with SD-WAN is deciding which vendor to use. Most IT decision-makers
will start their SD-WAN research by looking into the top providers. Due to the abundance of
marketing in the SD-WAN product field, this first step is difficult. Marketing data points show
that each product can enable digital transformation across WAN services, but IT teams are
overburdened.
B. Underlay provisioning
It makes sense for SD-WAN to go from private WAN technologies like MPLS to the internet
as the default connectivity choice.The SD-WAN difficulty is determining which underlay
service providers are best suited to a company's locations, as well as whether to use a single IP
backbone or a multi-ISP architecture.

C. Cloud connectivity
AWS, Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform connections are required in practically all
SD-WAN vendor selection projects. In terms of their ability to access cloud services, SD-
WAN suppliers will often fall into one of three categories:
1. Native cloud access is embedded into the vendor's architecture, and branch office sites
are connected via cloud backbone technology.SD-WAN appliances are delivered to
cloud environments via public gateways or private backbones.
2. Customers are responsible for deploying appliances within their local cloud data
center, according to vendors.
D. Cost reduction
One of the key drivers and marketing claims related with SD-WAN is cost reduction. Cost
reduction, on the other hand, is frequently not measured in bottom-line savings and
necessitates evaluation of the entire benefit to the company. Adopting SD-WAN with SASE,
for example, allows for more efficient working procedures. While enabling customers to
rapidly access programs does not appear on the budget, the overall impact on the business can
be significant.
E. Management
The distinctions between DIY, co-managed, and fully managed SD-WAN are becoming
blurred thanks to SD-WAN. Businesses do not have to choose their management level in the
same manner they did in the past.
SD-WAN Growth Forecasts
SD-WAN is undeniably a hot sector, attracting billions of dollars in investment and piqued
client interest. After years of hype, the deployments have begun in earnest, with consumers
paying real money in exchange for a significant return on investment. In order to acquire

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

7
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
insight into how revenue will scale in the market, Futuriom conducted in-depth interviews
with SD-WAN service providers, technology vendors, and customers [13].
The full market forecast can be seen on the chart on the following figure.

Figure 7: The full market forecast of the SD-WAN Growth

Conclusion
The above can be concluded as follows: in recent years there have been many important
changes in wide area networks, and one of the main changes is the development and
introduction of software-defined “WAN” i.e. “SD-WAN”, as this leads to a change in usage
and various improvement, such as PBX Multiple Protocols “MPLS”, Frame Relay, and
“DSL”, a huge amount of data networks these days include cloud technology such as cloud
storage and cloud computing.
The use of a flexible software-defined “WAN” approach is more effective, as it is able to
provide security and other required features in addition to supporting cloud work, and “SD-
WAN” can support applications hosted in on-premises data centers, public or private clouds,
solutions.

References
1. Pooja Batra Nagpal, Sarika Chaudhary, Naman Verma, Architecture of Software Defined
Wide-Area Network: A Review, GRD Journals- Global Research and Development
Journal for Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 6, May 2020.
2. Dr.S. Rajagopalan, An Overview of SD-WAN Load Balancing for WAN Connections,
Fourth International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

8
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
Technology (ICECA-2020) IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20J88-ART; ISBN: 978-1-
7281-6387-1.
3. F. Lombardi and R. Di Pietro, “Secure virtualization for cloud computing,”Journal of
Network and Computer Applications, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 1113 – 1122, 2011.
4. D. Kreutz, F. M. V. Ramos, P. E. Ver´ıssimo, C. E. Rothenberg, S. Azodolmolky, and S.
Uhlig, “Software-defined networking: A comprehensive survey,” Proceedings of the
IEEE, vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 14–76, 2015.
5. D. Gibson, SD-WAN for Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015.
6. Metzler Associates Ashton, The Need to Rethink the WAN. Accessed 2018-05-28. url:
http://www.velocloud.com/sd- wan-resources / white - papers / need - to - rethink - the -
wan - jim - metzler.

7. Steve Woo Sanjay Uppal and Dan Pitt. Software-Defined WAN. John Wiley Sons, 2015.
8. Citrix. NetScaler SD-WAN: Best Practices - Security. Accessed 2018- 05-27. 2017. url:
https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/netscalersd-
9. P. Segeč, M. Moravčik, J. Uratmová, J. Papán and O. Yeremenko, "SD-WAN -
architecture, functions and benefits," 2020 18th International Conference on Emerging
eLearning Technologies and Applications (ICETA), 2020, pp. 593-599, doi:
10.1109/ICETA51985.2020.9379257.
10. J. Bloomberg, “SD-WAN: Entry Point For Software-Defined Everything.”
[Online].Available:https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonbloomberg/2017/03/20/sdwan-
11. P. McCabe, “Universal CPE and SD-WAN: Driving a network services revolution -
Broadband Technology Report,” 2018. [Online]. Available:
https://www.broadbandtechreport.com/articles/2018/08/univer sal-cpe-and-sdwan-
driving-a-network-servicesrevolution. html.
12. Sandra Gittlen, SD-WAN explained: Ultimate guide to SD-WAN architecture,
Published: 26 Apr 2021.
13. 2018 SD-WAN Growth Outlook Breaking down the virtualized wide-area networking
(WAN) market Analysis of Advanced Technology Markets. www.teleN.de/sd-wan
14. G. Mine, J. Hai, L. Jin and Z. Huiying, "A design of SD-WAN-oriented wide area
network access," 2020 International Conference on Computer Communication and
Network Security (CCNS), 2020, pp. 174-177, doi: 10.1109/CCNS50731.2020.00046.
15. S. Rajagopalan, "An Overview of SD-WAN Load Balancing for WAN Connections,"
2020 4th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace
Technology (ICECA), 2020, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ICECA49313.2020.9297574.
16. B. Yuan and C. Zhao, "Research on Transmission Delay of SD-WAN CPE," 2020 IEEE
20th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), 2020, pp. 955-
960, doi: 10.1109/ICCT50939.2020.9295722.
17. S. Troia, M. Mazzara, L. M. M. Zorello and A. Pattavina, "Resiliency in SD-WAN with
eBPF Monitoring: Municipal Network and Video Streaming Use Cases," 2021 17th

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

9
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
International Conference on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN),
2021, pp. 1-3, doi: 10.1109/DRCN51631.2021.9477351.
18. T. Shozi, S. Dlamini, P. Mudali and H. Kobo, "SDN-enabled Switch Placement in Multi-
domain Hybrid SD-WAN," 2019 IEEE AFRICON, 2019, pp. 1-7, doi:
10.1109/AFRICON46755.2019.9133813.
19. Z. Yang, Y. Cui, B. Li, Y. Liu and Y. Xu, "Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-
WAN): Architecture, Advances and Opportunities," 2019 28th International Conference
on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN), 2019, pp. 1-9, doi:
10.1109/ICCCN.2019.8847124.
20. D. Radcliffe, E. Furey and J. Blue, "An SD-WAN Solution Assuring Business Quality
VoIP Communication for Home Based Employees," 2019 International Conference on
Smart Applications, Communications and Networking (SmartNets), 2019, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/SmartNets48225.2019.9069755.
21. P. Segeč, M. Moravčik, J. Uratmová, J. Papán and O. Yeremenko, "SD-WAN -
architecture, functions and benefits," 2020 18th International Conference on Emerging
eLearning Technologies and Applications (ICETA), 2020, pp. 593-599, doi:
10.1109/ICETA51985.2020.9379257.
22. K. Basu, A. Hamdullah and F. Ball, "Architecture of a Cloud-based Fault-Tolerant
Control Platform for improving the QoS of Social Multimedia Applications on SD-
WAN," 2020 13th International Conference on Communications (COMM), 2020, pp.
495-500, doi: 10.1109/COMM48946.2020.9142038.
23. R. Asif and K. Ghanem, "AI Secured SD-WAN Architecture as a Latency Critical IoT
Enabler for 5G and Beyond Communications," 2021 IEEE 18th Annual Consumer
Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), 2021, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/CCNC49032.2021.9369477.
24. R. E. Mora-Huiracocha, P. L. Gallegos-Segovia, P. E. Vintimilla-Tapia, J. F. Bravo-
Torres, E. J. Cedillo-Elias and V. M. Larios-Rosillo, "Implementation of a SD-WAN for
the interconnection of two software defined data centers," 2019 IEEE Colombian
Conference on Communications and Computing (COLCOM), 2019, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/ColComCon.2019.8809153.
25. M. Shojaee, M. Neves and I. Haque, "SafeGuard: Congestion and Memory-aware
Failure Recovery in SD-WAN," 2020 16th International Conference on Network and
Service Management (CNSM), 2020, pp. 1-7, doi:
10.23919/CNSM50824.2020.9269119.
26. A. N. Fitriani, T. Raharjo, B. Hardian and A. Prasetyo, "IT Infrastructure Agile Adoption
for SD-WAN Project Implementation in Pharmaceutical Industry: Case Study of an
Indonesian Company," 2021 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics
Conference (IEMTRONICS), 2021, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/IEMTRONICS52119.2021.9422650.
27. A. A. Ansari, S. P. Rachuri, A. A. Kherani and D. Tandur, "An SD-WAN Controller for
Delay Jitter Minimization in Coded Multi-access Systems," 2019 IEEE International
Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS), 2019,
pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ANTS47819.2019.9117981.
October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA
10
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
28. L. Vdovin, P. Likin and A. Vilchinskii, "Network utilization optimizer for SD-WAN,"
2014 International Science and Technology Conference (Modern Networking
Technologies) (MoNeTeC), 2014, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/MoNeTeC.2014.6995604.
29. V. Lanka and H. K. Mohan, "NETWORK IN A BOX - Automation of secure SD-WAN
with Service chaining in Juniper NFX," 2019 11th International Conference on
Communication Systems & Networks (COMSNETS), 2019, pp. 527-529, doi:
10.1109/COMSNETS.2019.8711426.
30. Z. Duliński, R. Stankiewicz, G. Rzym and P. Wydrych, "Dynamic Traffic Management
for SD-WAN Inter-Cloud Communication," in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 1335-1351, July 2020, doi:
10.1109/JSAC.2020.2986957.
31. S. Troia, F. Sapienza, L. Varé and G. Maier, "On Deep Reinforcement Learning for
Traffic Engineering in SD-WAN," in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in
Communications, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 2198-2212, July 2021, doi:
10.1109/JSAC.2020.3041385.
32. R. Perez, A. Zabala and A. Banchs, "Alviu: An Intent-Based SD-WAN Orchestrator of
Network Slices for Enterprise Networks," 2021 IEEE 7th International Conference on
Network Softwarization (NetSoft), 2021, pp. 211-215, doi:
10.1109/NetSoft51509.2021.9492534.
33. I. Ellawindy and S. S. Heydari, "QoE-Aware Real-Time Multimedia Streaming in SD-
WANs," 2019 IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft), 2019, pp. 66-71,
doi: 10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806622.
34. W. Pratiwi and D. Gunawan, "Design and Strategy Deployment of SD-WAN Technology
: In Indonesia (Case Study: PT. XYZ)," 2021 International Conference on Green Energy,
Computing and Sustainable Technology (GECOST), 2021, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/GECOST52368.2021.9538796.
35. A. Hosseini, M. Dolati and M. Ghaderi, "Bulk Transfer Scheduling with Deadline in
Best-Effort SD-WANs," 2021 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated
Network Management (IM), 2021, pp. 313-321.
36. R. Subramanian and J. Puthenparambil, "Shared Memory Enabled Service Plane
Optimization," 2020 International Conference on COMmunication Systems &
NETworkS (COMSNETS), 2020, pp. 683-684, doi:
10.1109/COMSNETS48256.2020.9027436.
37. A. C. Houle, L. Boulianne and L. Dupras, "SD-WAN : A Technology for the Efficient
Use of Bandwidth in Multi-Wavelength Networks," OFC/NFOEC 2008 - 2008
Conference on Optical Fiber Communication/National Fiber Optic Engineers
Conference, 2008, pp. 1-10, doi: 10.1109/OFC.2008.4528303.
38. E. K. Ali, M. Manel and Y. Habib, "An Efficient MPLS-Based Source Routing Scheme
in Software-Defined Wide Area Networks (SD-WAN)," 2017 IEEE/ACS 14th
International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2017, pp.
1205-1211, doi: 10.1109/AICCSA.2017.165.

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

11
 4th INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN CONFERENCE ON
CURRENT STUDIES
39. D. Zad Tootaghaj, F. Ahmed, P. Sharma and M. Yannakakis, "Homa: An Efficient
Topology and Route Management Approach in SD-WAN Overlays," IEEE INFOCOM
2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, 2020, pp. 2351-2360, doi:
10.1109/INFOCOM41043.2020.9155503.
40. Guy Pujolle, "Fabric, SD‐WAN, vCPE, vRAN, vEPC," in Software Networks:
Virtualization, SDN, 5G, and Security , Wiley, 2020, pp.33-50, doi:
10.1002/9781119694748.ch3.
41. S. Dou, Z. Guo and Y. Xia, "ProgrammabilityMedic: Predictable Path Programmability
Recovery under Multiple Controller Failures in SD-WANs," 2021 IEEE 41st
International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 2021, pp. 461-
471, doi: 10.1109/ICDCS51616.2021.00051.

October 20-22, 2021 https://www.africansummit.org/ BANI WALEED UNIVERSITY, LIBYA

12

View publication stats