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PTTS-32583-01-EN-00.docx 00 MODIFY
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Revision Date Description ECO Compiled Checked Approved
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/// 1. General information
1.1 Task
This is the dynamometer test program for the project Train 18. A new low alloyed cast iron has to be tested
through two test programs presented in this document.
ICF produces the Electro Multiple Units for Indian Railways.
The maximum train speed is 160 km/h in service and 180km/h for design.
There are train sets with 16 cars.
Each wheel set is equipped with two wheel-mounted brake discs. Per wheelset there is one parking brake
actuator foreseen.
50% of the bogies are motorized
The herein described testing will qualify the applicable pad material(s) and verify the thermal capacity of the
disc brakes even in worst laden condition.
At the dynamometer the universal brake caliper as prescribed in UIC 548, appendix D will be installed and
the brake caliper clamping forces and braking torques will be applied in accordance with the relevant brake
calculations.
The testing will include the emergency braking performances as well as the pneumatic service brake.
Tested will be data from train loads AW0 and AW3.
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Will be prepared two rings 32583, one subjected to stress relieving heat treatment and one with no
treatment; the two version will be both tested to figure out if this new grade material will require the
treatment itself. The necessity will be ensured by observing the presence of cracks and their density on
friction ring after the test.
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Becorit 984 pad size 400 cm² per disc side, 35 mm thick for the test program trainset 18. The
brake pad Becorit 984 respect UIC preconditions and will be like drawing no. 122101F73.
Becorit KRS FP94 pad size 400 cm² per disc side, 35 mm thick for the test program of kiss
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Test bench is a ZF type with integrated caliper and actuator. It is able to run UIC-programs as well as
specific mission profiles (dry and wet; with simulated air stream).
The braked mass per disc may vary in a range of 315 kg to 18315 kg at revolutions up to 2500 min -1.
The clamping force is either applied by an adjustable caliper that is part of the test bench.
Temperatures are measured by thermocouples and transmitted by telemetry.
The installed electric power rates 536 kW.
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Counting of
thermocouples
radius
Braking
Figure 4.1: Schematic position of thermocouples in accordance to EN 14535-1
A microphone will be installed up to 2 meter distance from the center of the brake disc.
There is an automatic measurement of the maximum noise level (dBA) g in each stop of the dynamometer
test. Resonance frequencies of the test machine may be filtered out.
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To measure the pad wear, the brake pads will be weighed before and after the specified test sequences.
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For a determination of taper wear the thickness of the brake pads will finally be measured at the points
shown in the picture below.
Meas. Messpunkt
point 1 1 Meas. point
Messpunkt 2 2
OBEN
Meas. point 55
Messpunkt Meas.Messpunkt
point 66
UNTEN
Meas. Messpunkt
point 7 7 Meas. point
Messpunkt 8 8
.
Figure 4.3: Measurement points for taper wear.
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Stopping distance
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The algorithm is implemented in the dynamometer test bench software.
Friction coefficient
The algorithm is implemented in the dynamometer test bench software.
Temperature
The thermocouples are installed to the brake disc. See figure 4.1
Roughness
The friction ring surface roughness will be measured with a special workshop equipment.
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Standard evaluation by dynamometer software (speed, stopping distance, friction coefficient,
temperature, etc.) during each test program
If crack development visible at the brake disc – measuring length of crack and documentation of
crack length and position (picture)
Crack assessment according to brake disc manual.
Automatic measurement of the noise level (dBA) in each stop of the dynamometer test.
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The brake pads and the brake disc must remain in a good condition, judged by crack appraisal and a
visual inspection. For assessment criteria please see separate document.
The temperatures must be on the calculated level.
Deviating temperatures, which are more than 15% higher than the calculated, or which are higher
than 450°C must be analyzed in detail.
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FZ0418310-E06TTS for Trainset 18
Before the actual test can be started, the pads must be bedded in.
[Documentation of pad condition and weighing before and after the bedding-in procedure]
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It is the intension to test the friction pair in the important range of data, to ensure the performance of the
friction brake:
Table 5.2: Description of test parameter used to validate the friction pair.
Here considered are the most loaded discs in the train with high performance and low loaded discs in case
of testing of low performance data.
All tests to validate the friction pair will be performed with a controlled clamping force. This represents the
situation on the train. In the train there is the brake cylinder pressure provided by the brake control and
therefore the pad clamping force applied.
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1 2 3 80
4 5 6 100 6767 31,95 10-60 1,12 Stop, cool down, stop.
7 8 9 120
10 11 12 140
13 14 15 160
16 180
1,12 Stops, made without cool
No cool down down between.
17 18 160 6767 31,95
before 2nd stop Increased initial
temperatures
19 20 120 6767 31,95 50-60 - Normalizing
21 80
22 100 6767 31,95 50-60 1,12 Wet, Q=23 l/h
23 120
24 140
25 160
26 180
27 28 120 6767 31,95 50-60 - Normalizing/drying
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41 42 43 160
44 180
1,12 Stops, made without cool
No cool down down between.
45 46 160 9211 43,5
before 2nd stop Increased initial
temperatures
47 48 120 6767 31,95 50-60 Normalizing
49 80
50 100 9211 43,5 50-60 1,12 Wet, Q=23 l/h
51 120
52 140
53 160
54 180
55 56 120 6767 31,95 50-60 Normalizing/drying
Service Brake AW3. Data very similar to the Emergency Brake, only clamping force a bit less. Short test, dry
57 58 59 80
60 61 62 100 9211 37,6 50-60 0,97 Stop, cool down, stop.
64 65 66 120
67 68 69 140
70 71 72 160
73 180
No cool down
0,97 Increased initial
74 75 160 9211 37,6 before 2nd
temperatures
stop
76 77 120 6767 27,3 50-60 - Normalizing
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87 88 89 140
90 91 92 160
93 180
Pass/fail criterion.
0,32 ≤ µ in the test for Emergency Brake. In case of unclear results, repeat the tests with the
parameters found with critically. Then, base the assessment on the average value tested under the
specific data.
Other pass/fail criterions:
The brake pads must be found in a good and re-usable condition after this test.
There shall be no indications of thermo-shock impact
There shall be no metallic inclusions in the brake pad material.
[Documentation of pad condition and weighing before and after the following listed tests]
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Pass/fail criterion:
0,32 ≤ µ in these tests. In case of unclear results, repeat the tests with the parameters found
critically.
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To determine the static friction coefficient in the cold state, a breakaway test with data according to the
following table will be carried out. The static friction coefficient for the holding brake and the parking brake
will be determined. For the measurement, the service brake cylinder is pressurized and thus the brake
linings are applied to the friction surface of the brake disk. By means of a separate motor unit of the
dynamometer the braking torque will be increased within a slow motion of the wheel happens. The static
friction coefficient will directly be determined by means of a software, programmed on the test bench.
tested are clamping forces in the range used for holding and parking brake
Start temperature ≤ 50 °C
Totally 15 measurements.
Number of measurements 3 measurements per clamping force in 5 steps of
clamping forces
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After the measurements in cold condition, the static friction coefficients of the hot brake have to be
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determined. For this purpose, a continuous braking at v = 70 km / h with a pad pressure force of Fb = 20 kN
is planned, within a disc temperature of 200°C is reached. The measurement of static friction values is
obtained after the brake disc temperature is cooled down to the starting test temperature of 150 ° C.
The break test is carried out as described in the previous chapter but with the following changed
parameters.
Totally 6 measurements.
Number of measurements 2 measurements per clamping force in 3 steps of
pad clamping forces
Table 5.2.2.2: Data usable for the determination of the static friction coefficient in hot condition
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A route simulation is foreseen on the line Howrah-New Delhi in service without ED-brake support.
Also three consecutive Emergency Brake stops from 160 km/h will be performed.
These tests will be performed in the torque-controlled mode of the dynamometer. In this case the
retardation force is kept correctly. Variations in friction coefficient will continuously be equalized by means of
adapted clamping force.
This mode assures that the correct brake power will be applied.
A route simulation is foreseen on the line Howrah-New Delhi in service with the normal ED-brake support.
Used will be the data of the most charged bogie in the train in maximum load.
[Documentation of pad condition and weighing before and after this route simulation.
Chapter 5.2.3 can be tested between without additional inspection weighing]
Chart 5.3.1: Calculation result. Howrah-New Delhi with ED brake. One Emergency Brake application is
applied on the route.
Important Comment: The braking with ED Brake requests a blending with the disc brakes. Here the braked
mass varies from 2,0 t to 6,45 t. The dynamometer is even possible to manage this variance. But higher
mass, 9,2 t requested for Emergency brake is problematically to reach in one installation.
We need to be allowed to equalize the missing brake mass by increased initial velocity in the Emergency
brake application.
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The brake pads must be found in a good and re-usable condition after this test.
There shall be no indications of thermo-shock impact
There shall be no metallic inclusions in the brake pad material
The pad wear rate needs to be analyzed separately.
As worst-case route simulation regarding temperatures the line Howrah-New Delhi will be driven in service
without ED-brake support.
Used will be the data of the most charged bogie in the train in maximum load. The retardation of ae=0,9m/s²
is applied.t
For reference see thermal calculation, FT document TA-1440-01-EN-04.
[Documentation of pad condition and weighing before and after this route simulation]
Chart 5.3.2: Worst case route simulation. Howrah-New Delhi without ED-Brake. Speed restriction to 120
km/h.
Pass/fail criterion:
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Tested will be the data in the highest load. The initial velocity is 160 km/h.
[Documentation of pad condition and weighing before and after this route simulation]
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Pass/fail criterions:
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The brake pads must be found in a good and re-usable condition after this test.
There shall be no indications of thermo-shock impact
There shall be no metallic inclusions in the brake pad material
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6.1 Interruption
The individual tests shall be carried out in the order listed in Table 3.
Interruptions are only allowed after completion of a single part of the program. If there are interruptions
during a program, the last 5 stops before the interruption must be repeated.
Interruptions lasting longer than 48 hours must be marked in the test report.
During the tests, the aeration speed is controlled as a function of the simulated web
speed.
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1 5.3 Conditioning
x
PTTS-xxxxx-01-EN-00
Date: 04.10.23 - Revision: A00
FAIVELEY TRANSPORT.
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friction / holding X
brake
Two consecutive emergency braking from 160 km/h,
8 5.8.1 Loading condition 1
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purely pneumatic. X
Photos and weight and roughness of the windshield.
9 4.1 Measurement
X
Part 2: Route profile (Basel – Thun –
10 5.8.2 Route profile
Thermische Basel) 75%ED Force X
Simulation
Photos and weight and roughness of the windshield.
11 4.1 Measurement
X
Load case according to TSI L&P Kp. 4.2.4.5.4.
12 5.8.3 Lastfall 2 v = 80 km/h, 21 ‰ gradient, 46 km length. With
X
maximum payload, 0% ED braking force
Determination of weights, photos of
13 4.1 Messung
brake pads and discs.
x
PTTS-xxxxx-01-EN-00
Date: 04.10.23 - Revision: A00
FAIVELEY TRANSPORT.
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6.4 Conditioning
The brake discs must be conditioned prior to the brake pad test program. For this purpose, the same
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friction material must be used as for the certification tests, whereby the certification tests must be started
with a new set of pads.
The conditioning for the preparation of the brake discs consists of at least 20 sliding
brakes from the certification program.
PTTS-xxxxx-01-EN-00
Date: 04.10.23 - Revision: A00
FAIVELEY TRANSPORT.
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6.5 Bedding in
Before carrying out the actual tests to determine the coefficient of friction, the brake pads to be
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tested must be ground in.
The brake pads are ground in when a wear pattern of > 85% is achieved.
Since the brake pads have to be removed to determine the actual load-bearing area, 60 braking
operations are carried out first. Subsequently, the decks are removed and evaluated regarding their
contact pattern.
Depending on the actual load-bearing area reached, between 15 -60 further braking operations are
carried out before a further evaluation of the contact pattern is carried out if necessary.
To draw conclusions about the progress of the grinding during braking, the coefficients of friction
during grinding must be documented.
The parameters of the loop-in braking are based on the braking loads of an emergency braking for an
empty vehicle.
PTTS-xxxxx-01-EN-00
Date: 04.10.23 - Revision: A00
FAIVELEY TRANSPORT.
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6.6 Pre-test
After bedding in the pads, a preliminary test is carried out to determine the actual dynamic coefficient of
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friction of the respective brake pad. Based on these results, the clamping forces are adjusted for the
following test programs (if necessary). In addition, these values are used together with the static pad
friction coefficients for the pre-selection of the tested pads. The specifications for the contact force
defined here are based on a pad coefficient of friction of 0.35.
Based on the current weight balance, braking is carried out for different weight levels and service
braking curves from the operational vehicle to the maximum mass.
PTTS-xxxxx-01-EN-00
Date: 04.10.23 - Revision: A00
FAIVELEY TRANSPORT.
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Thermal capacity
In order to prove the thermal performance of the braking equipment, various demanding failure
scenarios are simulated in the following.
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1. Load case 1: Two successive emergency braking operations
According to the thermal simulation, the case "emergency braking in R" is tested. To
do this, the following parameters are taken into account.
PTTS-32583-01-EN-00.docx
Date/Date: 30/10/2023 - Issue/Revision: 00 page 33/37
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Route "Bern-Thun»
A route trip is driven with increased load "Gross2" and 75% available ED power. The route
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corresponds to a peak run with short waiting times at the stops and a maximum speed of 160 km/h.
Thermal TeSi_032_00-Basel-Bern-Thun_R+E_WBS
calculation
(Shaft brake disc)
Thermal TeSi_033_00-Basel-Bern-Thun_R+E_RBS
Calculation (wheel brake
disc)
Acceleration
PTTS-32583-01-EN-00.docx
Date/Date: 30/10/2023 - Issue/Revision: 00 page 34/37
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Dimensions to be braked
(wheel brake disc)
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Reference line -Streckendaten_Basel-Bern_RABe512_Vmax160
(Stadler Input) -Streckendaten_Bern-Thun_RABe512_Vmax160
Driving resistance No
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Thermal calculation TeSi_012_00 Gotthardrampe_RBS_B00
(wheel brake disc)
Masses to be
decelerated 8,652 t
(Shaft brake disc)
To be decelerated
Masses (wheel 8,736 t
brake disc)
Driving resistance No
PTTS-32583-01-EN-00.docx
Date/Date: 30/10/2023 - Issue/Revision: 00 page 36/37
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/// 7. Finishing and test report
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After all tests are done, a final review is needed to check if all results are available and plausible. After
this positive check, the equipment can be dismounted from the dynamometer. The brake disc must be
investigated regarding the hardness and crack detection. A detailed test report will be released.
PTTS-32583-01-EN-00.docx
Date/Date: 30/10/2023 - Issue/Revision: 00 page 37/37
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otherwise private information. Any unauthorized use, reproduction, dissemination,
distribution or other disclosure of the contents is strictly prohibited