Purpose of experimental:

The purpose of the experiment "Determination of Sulphate as

Barium Sulphate" is to measure the amount of sulfate ions
present in a given sample. When barium solution is added to
the sample, barium ions react with sulfate ions to form a
precipitate of barium sulfate (BaSO4), which is a white
..precipitate

Theory:

1-Sample selection: Choosing a sample containing the

.sulphates to be analyzed

2- Solution preparation: Preparing a solution from the sample

.using the appropriate solvent

3- Addition of barium solution: Adding barium solution to the

prepared solution, resulting in the formation of barium
.sulphate precipitate

4- Precipitate separation: Separating the precipitate from the

.remaining liquid using the filtration process

5- Precipitate washing: Washing the precipitate with water to

.remove impurities and excess ions

6- Precipitate drying: Drying the precipitate carefully to

.remove moisture

Materials and tools used in the experiment:

1-.Sample sulphate salt

2- Concentrated hydrochloric acid

3-.Barium chloride solution (10%)

.4- Sulfuric acid diluted (10%)

Experiment procedures:

1-Carefully weigh 1.0 g of sulfur salt in a (400 ml) beaker

.equipped with a stirrer

Add 1 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and then dilute

the solution to 100

.ml as final volume

2-Heat the solution until boiling and add slowly with the
continuous stirring (40

ml) of the barium chloride hot solution at a concentration of

10%. Heat the

solution until it reaches boiling and (show the bubbles) and

.leaves it for 10 min

3-Install the filtration apparatus and filter. Wash the

precipitate with hot distilled

water then let the precipitate dry up. Fold the filtration paper
containing the

precipitate and placed in a previously balanced crucible

4-Charcoal filter paper first slowly above the flame lamp and
after it has been

burned into white ash; two drops of concentrated sulfuric acid

.are added

5-Place the crucible containing the burnt paper in a furnace

muffle (9000C) and

.then reheat slowly to remove the excess acid

6-Transfer the crucible to a desiccator and weight the crucible
and precipitate after it cools

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:Discussion questions

:Discussion

sulphates are precipitate in an acidic medium (0.05 N)? -1

?why

Sulphates precipitate in an acidic medium (0.05 N) because -

of the reaction of hydrogen ions with sulphate ions to form
undissociated sulphuric acid, exceeding the solubility product
of barium sulphate and leading to the formation of a solid
.precipitate of barium sulphate

Why barium sulfate precipitate is burned to a temperature -2

?of about 9000C
The barium sulfate precipitate is heated to around 900°C to -
decompose it into barium oxide (BaO) and sulfur dioxide
.(SO2), facilitating further analysis or processing

Sulfuric acid is added to the crucible after burning the -3

barium sulphate

?precipitate

Yes, sulfuric acid is added to the crucible after burning the -

barium sulphate precipitate to dissolve any remaining barium
oxide residue, ensuring accurate determination of the amount
.of sulphate originally present in the sample

What are the main sources of barium sulphate precipitate -4

?contamination

The main sources of contamination in barium sulfate -

precipitate include impurities in reagents and glassware,
incomplete filtration leading to the presence of solid particles,
and inadequate washing procedures resulting in residual
.impurities

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