ALM 35 Manual MES

R
Operation Manual
for
ALM 35
Portable Energy & Harmonics Analyser
Thank you for purchasing the ALM 35 Power & Harmonics analyser.
To obtain the best service from your unit:
Read these operating instructions carefully,
Comply with the precautions for use.
Meaning of the symbols used on the unit:
CAUTION - DANGER! Read the User Manual

USB socket
The CE marking guarantees conformity with European directives and with regulations covering EMC.
Instrument fully protected by double insulation or reinforced insulation.

The rubbish bin with a line through it means that in the European Union, the product must undergo
selective disposal for the recycling of electric and electronic material, in compliance with Directive
WEEE 2002/96/EC.
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE

The precautions for use listed below are imperative when using the machine. Failure to comply with these instructions
may lead to electric shocks, explosions or fire.
The operator will consult these instructions whenever the symbol is displayed.
If you use this instrument in a way which is not specified, the protection which it provides may be compromised, putting
you in danger.
When removing or inserting the battery and/or SD card, ensure that the measuring leads, sensors and mains power
are disconnected. The unit must be disconnected and powered down.
The unit must not be used if the "battery/SD card" housing is absent, damaged or incorrectly fitted.
The safety of any system incorporating this instrument is the responsibility of the system assembler.
For your safety, only use the leads and suitable accessories delivered with the instrument: they comply with the norm
IEC 61010-031 (2002). When the sensors or accessories of lower voltage and/or category power to the unit, these
lower voltages and/or categories become applicable to the entire set.
Before using it, always check that the leads, boxes and accessories are in perfect condition. All leads, sensors or
accessories whose insulators are damaged (even partially) must be repaired or scrapped.
Comply with environmental conditions (See para 4.4.3)
It is advisable to use individual protective safety devices when the environment in which the unit is used require them.
This unit must be used for category IV installations, for voltages that do not exceed 600 V (AC or DC) in relation to the
ground (according to IEC standard 61010-1) or for voltages that do not exceed 1000 V for category III installations.
Never use voltage networks or categories and greater than those mentioned.
Only use mains power blocs and battery packs supplied by the manufacturer. They have specific security mechanisms.
Comply with the limits of the accessory or sensor safety mechanisms. Do not keep hands close to unused terminals.
Certain current sensors cannot be inserted all removed from bare conductors under a dangerous voltage: see the
sensor’s manual and comply with handling instructions.
Use and connection procedures:
Start the unit
Configure the unit to obtain the required results and according to the type of network
Connect the current leads and sensors to the unit
Connect the ground and/or neutral lead to the network ground and/or neutral (when distributed) as well as the
corresponding current sensor
Connect the L1 phase lead to the network L1 phase as well as the corresponding current sensor
Repeat the procedure for phases L2, L3 and N
Note: complying with this procedure limits connection errors to a minimum and avoids wasting time.
Disconnection procedures:
Proceed in the reverse order to connecting always finishing by disconnecting the ground and/or neutral (when
distributed)
Disconnect the unit leads and power it down.
Recharge the battery and recover the data registered where necessary.
USB sockets can be used to connect the unit to any type of network and with battery recharge mains power supplies.
2
MEASUREMENT CATEGORIES
Definition of measurement categories according to the IEC standard 61010-1:
CAT I: Measurement category I corresponds to measurements taken on circuits not directly connected to the network.
CAT II: Measurement category II corresponds to measurements taken on circuits directly connected to the installation.
Example: measurement for electrodomestic units, portable tools and analogue devices
CAT III: Measurement category III corresponds to measurements on building installations.
Example: measurement on distribution panels, cabling, etc.
CAT IV: Measurement category IV corresponds to measurements taken at the source of low-voltage installations
Example: metering and measurements on overvoltage protection devices...
GUARANTEE
Our guarantee is applicable, unless otherwise stated, for one year following the date of supply of the equipment.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Manaco EnerGy Solutions Pvt Ltd. (MES) has a strategic alliance with Alacrity Electronics Ltd. for promoting KRYKARD
range of Load Managers and Energy Management Solutions.
.
KRYKARD and KRYKARD Load Manager are registered trade marks of Alacrity.
.
The KRYKARD Load Manager ALM 35 is marketed by MES, under an exclusive arrangement with Chauvin Arnoux, France.
3
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................... 6 8.1 Available submenus............................................ 41
2. PACKAGING.......................................................... 6 8.2 Alarm mode configuration........................ 41
8.3 Programming an alarm campaign ........... 42
3. PRESENTATION ................................................... 7
8.4 Displaying alarm log ................................ 42
3.1 Overview .............................................................. 7
3.2 On/Off key ............................................................ 7 8.5 Deleting alarm log ................................... 43
3.3 Display screen...................................................... 7
3.4 Keypad keys......................................................... 8 9. TREND MODE KEY .................................... 44
3.5 Connectors........................................................... 9 9.1 Available sub-menus .......................................... 44
3.6 Power ................................................................... 9
3.7 The stand ........................................................... 10 9.2 Programming and initiating recording...... 44
3.8 Summary of functions......................................... 10 9.3 Trend mode configuration........................ 45
3.9 Abbreviations...................................................... 10 9.4 Displaying recording list........................... 46
9.5 Deleting recordings................................... 47
4. CONFIGURATION KEY ........................ 12
4.1 Available sub-menus .......................................... 12 10. POWER AND ENERGY KEY ...................... 48
4.2 Display language................................................ 12
10.1 Available sub-menus .......................................... 48
4.3 Date/Time..................................................... 12
10.2 Energy consumed .................................... 48
4.4 Contrast/Brightness ...................................... 12
10.3 Energy generated..................................... 49
4.5 Colours ........................................................ 13
10.4 Start of energy metering .......................... 50
4.6 Calculation methods ................................... 13
10.5 Stop of energy metering........................... 50
4.7 Connection ................................................... 13
10.6 Zero resets of energy metering ............... 50
4.8 Current sensor......................................... 13
4.9 Trend mode ............................................... 14 11. SCREEN SNAPSHOT KEY ........................... 51
4.10 Alarm Mode .............................................. 15 11.1 Screen shots....................................................... 51
11.2 Handling of screen snapshots ............................ 51
4.11 Deleting data............................................... 16
Information ................................................... 16 12. HELP KEY ............................................................ 53
4.12
13. USE ...................................................................... 54
5. KEY WAVEFORM CAPTURE..................... 17
13.1 Start-up............................................................... 54
5.1 Available sub-modes .......................................... 17 13.2 Configuration of the ALM 35 ............................... 54
5.2 Transient mode ......................................... 17 13.3 Installation of leads ............................................. 55
5.3 Inrush current mode .................................. 20 13.4 Wave shape capture ................................... 55
13.5 Display of harmonics ................................... 55
6. HARMONICS KEY ...................................... 24 13.6 Measuring wave shapes ............................. 55
13.7 Alarm detection ........................................... 56
6.1 Available sub-menus .......................................... 24
13.8 Recording .................................................... 56
6.2 Single voltage ........................................ 24 13.9 Measurement of energy .............................. 56
6.3 Current ................................................... 26 13.10 Transfer of data to the PC ............................ 56
13.11 Deleting data ................................................ 56
6.4 Apparent power...................................... 27 13.12 Turning the ALM 35 off ................................. 56
6.5 Composite voltage .................................. 28 13.13 Supply of the ALM 35 ................................... 56
6.6 Expert mode .............................................. 29 14. MAINTENANCE ................................................... 57
14.1 Important recommendation................................. 57
7. WAVEFORM KEY ....................................... 31
14.2 Battery recharge ................................................. 57
7.1 Available sub-menus .......................................... 31 14.3 Cleaning the casing ............................................ 57
7.2 Measurement of true effective value ........ 31 14.4 Replacing the screen film ................................... 57
14.5 Metrological verification ...................................... 57
7.3 Measurement of total harmonic distortion33
14.6 Repairs ............................................................... 57
7.4 Measurement of the peak factor ............ 34 14.7 Updating of the internal software ........................ 57
7.5 Measurement of extreme and average 14.8 Sensors .............................................................. 57
voltage and current values ......................................... 36
15. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................. 58
7.6 Simultaneous display................................ 38
15.1 Casing ................................................................ 58
7.7 Display of Fresnel diagram...................... 39
15.2 Power supply ...................................................... 58
15.3 Range for use ..................................................... 58
8. ALARM MODE KEY.................................... 41 15.4 User safety ......................................................... 59
16. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ................... 60
16.1 Reference Conditions......................................... 60
16.2 Electrical characteristics..................................... 60
17. APPENDICES ...................................................... 67
17.1 Mathematical formulae ....................................... 67
17.2 Hysteresis........................................................... 69
17.3 Minimum scale values for waveforms and
minimum RMS values ................................................ 70
17.4 Diagram of the 4 quadrants................................ 70
17.5 Mechanism for triggering transient sensors........ 71
17.6 Sensor conditions in Ringing Current mode. ...... 71
17.7 Glossary ............................................................. 72
18. TO ORDER........................................................... 73
18.1 ALM 35 power analyser ..................................... 73
18.2 Accessories ........................................................ 73
18.3 Spare parts......................................................... 73
5
1. INTRODUCTION
The ALM 35 Portable Analyser is a three-phase AC+DC Voltage and current minimal and maximal half-period
1000 VRMS category III or 600 VRMS category IV values
(IEC 61010-1) graphic display network analyser. Peak values for voltages and current (neutral
included)
It has a triple role. It: Frequency of 50 Hz and 60 Hz networks
measures electric distribution network values, powers Current and voltage peak factor (excluding neutral)
and disruptions Calculation of the K factor (KF) (application to
provides an instant image of the main characteristics transformers in the presence of harmonic currents)
of a triple phase network Distortion factor (DF) for current and voltage
monitors variations i the different parameters over (excluding neutral)
time Global harmonics rate for current and voltage
The uncertainty of the ALM 35 is better than 1% (error (excluding neutral).
due to current sensors not included). In addition, it Active, reactive (capacitive and inductive) and
provides great flexibility with a choice of different apparent power by phase and cumulative (excluding
sensors to measure from hundreds of milliamps neutral).
(MN93A) to several kiloamps (AmpFLEX™). Power factors (PF) and displacement power factors
(DPF) (excluding neutral).
The unit is compact and shock resistant. The ergonomy Short-term voltage flicker (PST) (excluding neutral).
and simplicity of its user interface make it easy and Active, reactive (capacitive and inductive) and
intuitive to use. apparent (excluding neutral) energy.
The ALM 35 is aimed at technicians and engineers in Harmonics and voltages (excluding neutral) up to 50:
installation and electric network control and RMS value, percentages in relation to fundamental,
maintenance teams. minimum and maximum and harmonics sequences.
Harmonics for apparent power up to rank 50: value,
The main measurements made are: percentage in relation to the fundamental, minimum
The values of alternative voltages up to 1000 V and maximum.
between terminals Motor start-up currents
The values of alternative currents up to 6500 amps
(neutral included)
Continuous value of voltages and currents (neutral
included)
2. PACKAGING
Basic equipment Power Analyser Transfer (PAT) testing 1

software
Designation Qty
SD 2GB SD memory card 1
Black banana-banana right-right security 5
cables
Optional equipment
Black crocodile clamps. 5
Designation
Operating manual on CD-ROM and 1
miscellaneous documents MN93, MN93A, C193 and PAC93 clips.
USB type A-B cord. 1 AmpFLEX™ A193 and Mini-AmpFLEX MA193

sensors.
Specific 8-element battery (rechargeable 1
NiMH) with a minimum capacity of Current sensors (6 models available)
4000 mAh and nominal voltage of 9.6 V.
Carrying bag no. 21
Special mains supply (600 VRMS 1
5A triphased adaptor box
category IV).
1 Dataview program
Carrying bag n°22
12
Slugs and rings to current identify leaves

and sensors according to phase
Verification certificate 1
Safety record 1
6
3. PRESENTATION
3.1 Overview 3.2 On/Off key

Pressing the key starts the unit.
1
The unit may operate either on battery only if it is
sufficiently charged or if the battery is absent with a
specific power supply.
Pressing the key turns off the unit. When it is turned
off, a confirmation is required if the unit is saving,
2 searching, displaying an alarm and/or acquiring an
engine start-up.
13
3.3 Display screen

3.3.1 Presentation
12 This backlit 320x240 pixel graphic liquid crystal display
3 shows measurement values associated with the curves,
1 the unit parameters, the selection of curves, instant
11
4 signal values and selects the type of measurement.
10 When it starts, the ALM 35 displays the Waveform
5 screen automatically. Information on this screen can be
found chapter 7, page 31.
6
9
7 1 2 3 4
8
Figure1: ALM 35 general view
Item Function See para.
1 Measurement entry 3.5.1

connectors
2 Display screen 3.3 EV
Figure2: example of a display screen

3 Function keys (yellow 3.4.1
keys) Item Description
4 Return key 3.4.2 1 Reminder of the mode activated by mode
keys (See para 3.4 .3).
5 Menu and configuration 3.4.4
key 2 Active mode screen
6 Print Screen key 3.4.3 3 Current date and time.
7 Help key 3.4.4 4 Battery charge level.
8 On/Off switch 3.2
Automatic standby:
9 Mode keys (violet keys) 3.4.3 Automatic standby is activated when an alarm the
campaign or recording campaign (awaiting or in
10 Navigation keys 3.4.2 progress) is launched after five minutes of key inactivity.
Pressing any key activates the unit.
11 Validation key 3.4.2
12 Connector to specific 3.5.2

mains power box
13 USB connector 3.5.2
7
3.3.2 Icons
The display uses the following icons: 3.4 Keypad keys
Icon Designation
3.4.1 Function keys (yellow keys)
Single voltage mode These 6 keys activate the function or told represented
by the corresponding icon on the screen (See para
Simple current mode 3.3.2)
Power mode 3.4.2 Navigation keys
Compound voltage mode A block of 4 direction keys, a validation key and a return
key enable navigation through the menus
Zoom in
Item Function
Zoom out
Up direction or navigation key
<> Left/right key prompt
<>
Up/down key prompt Down direction or navigation key
Right direction or navigation key

Display of PF, DPF and Tan.
Active power. Left direction or navigation key
Recording mode
Confirms the selection
Recording display and selection mode
Return key: return to choice of
OK Validation prompt measurement to view
Shutdown function in progress prompt
3.4.3 Mode keys
Display current values and their These enable access to specific modes:
extremes
Item Mode Page
Display all voltage and current
measurements simultaneously (RMS, Display transients: view waveforms, 17
DC, THD, CF, PST, KF, DF). motor start-up currents, cut-offs
Display of Fresnel diagram of signals. Display curves linked to harmonics: 24
representation of voltage
Display of energy consumed. harmonics rates, currents and
powers range by range,
Display of energy generated. determination of harmonics
currents produced by non-linear
Page screen 1 of the help function charges, analysis of problems
engendered by harmonics
Page screen 2 of the help function according to their range (heating of
neutrals, conductors, motors...)
Page screen 1 of trend mode
configuration. Display of voltage and current 31
waveforms, display of minimum
Page screen 2 of trend mode and maximum values, summary
configuration. tables, determination of phase
rotation
configuration.
Continuation of the table on the next page.
configuration.
Following page screen
Previous page screen
Trash for deleted or removed elements
8
Viewing alarms: list of alarms 41
recorded according to thresholds
programmed during configurations,
a recording of network cutouts with
half-period resolution (VRMS, ARMS,
URMS), determination of energy 1
over-consumption, control of
compliance with energy supply
quality contract.
2
Trend mode: recording of paralysis 43
selected in the Configuration menu
Display measurements linked to 48

powers and energies
Screen capture in progress and 51

access to already memorised Figure 4 : the connectors on the right side
screens
Item Function
3.4.4 Other keys
1 USB connector. This connector links the
The other keys have the following functions: unit up with a PC
Item Function Page 2 Connected to the mains power box, it

charges the battery and enables operation
Menu and configuration key 12 with or without a battery.
Help key: provides information on 53 3.6 Power

the functions and symbols used for
the current mode
3.6.1 Indication of battery level
The battery icon located in the upper right of the screen
shows the battery level. The number of bars in the icon
3.5 Connectors shows the battery level
3.5.1 Measurement entry connectors Icon Charge status

Located in the upper section, these connectors are Battery charged
distributed as follows:
1 2 Low battery
Mobile bars: battery charging
The ALM 35 is powered by the mains

and pre-charged.
When the capacity of the battery is too low, the

following message is displayed:
Figure3: upper connectors
Item Function Batt
1 4 current input connectors for Press to confirm. If you do not reconnect the ALM
amperemetric senses (MN clamp, C 35 to the mains, one minute after this message.
clamp, AmpFLEX™, PAC clamp, etc.). 3.6.2 Battery life
2 5 voltage input connectors Battery life is 10 hours when the battery delivered with
the unit is completely charged. If no recording is in
3.5.2 Side connectors progress, battery life is then 35 hours stop
Located on the right side of the ALM 35, these 3.6.3 Battery recharge
connectors are used as follows: See also paragraph 14.2, page 57. The battery
recharged using the mains supply delivered with the
unit. It connects to the ALM 35 by the jack socket
(Figure 4, item 2).
9
Only not use the mains supply provided with the unit. Global harmonics rate for current and voltage
This supplier is specific and maintains electric safety. (excluding neutral).
For completely empty accumulators, the charge last Active, reactive (capacitive and inductive) and
about five hours. As soon as the battery is recharged, apparent power by phase and cumulative (excluding
the unit uses the mains sector prior without discharging neutral).
the battery. Power factors (PF) and displacement power factors
(DPF) (excluding neutral).
3.6.4 Changing the battery
Short-term flicker (PST) (excluding neutral).
Disconnect the ALM 35 from the mains supply and the Active, reactive (capacitive and inductive) and
network measured to change the battery. The unit must apparent (excluding neutral) energy.
have no connection. The ALM 35 maintains the date Harmonics and voltages (excluding neutral) up to 50:
and time for about 24 hours. RMS value, percentages in relation to fundamental,
minimum and maximum and harmonics sequences.
3.6.5 The battery Harmonics for apparent power up to rank 50: value,
The ALM 35 is powered by a specific 8-element battery percentage in relation to the fundamental, minimum
(see below, item 2) minimum capacity 4000 mAh. and maximum.
Motor start-up currents
Selection of the TI (or TC) report for MN93A (caliber
5 A) clamps and the 5 A adapter.
Automatic recognition of types of current sensor
(every second)
3.8.2 Display function
1
Display of waveforms (voltages and currents)
“Cut-in current” function: displays the parameters
used in the study of a motor start-up.
- Instantaneous value of the current at the instant
2 pointed to by the cursor.
- Maximum instantaneous value of the current
(over the entire start-up period).
- RMS value of the half-period (or lobe) of the
current (excluding neutral) on which the cursor is
positioned
Figure 5 : Battery access flap - Maximum half-period RMS value of the current
(over the entire start-up period).
3.6.6 Mains operation - Motor start-up time
The battery is not essential when the unit is running on Screen captures (50 maximum)
mains supply. However, if the mains power is cut off, Transient functions. Detection and recording of
data may be lost during the recording process, for transcients (up to 300) for a period and at a date
example. chosen (programming start and end of the search for
transcients). Recording of 4 complete periods (1
The On/Off button is on continuously (green LED) when before the event triggering the transient and 3
the mains power is active. afterwards) on the acquiring paths.
Data logging function (2Gb memory with date and
time and programming the start and end of recording
3.7 The stand – 100 records maximum). Representation in
histogrammes or curves of the average value of many
A retractable stand (Figure 5, item1) located on the parameters according to time.
back of the ALM 35 keeps the unit at a 53° angl e. Alarm function. Listing of alarms recorded (log of
10000 alarms maximum) according to thresholds
programmed in the configuration menu. Programming
3.8 Summary of functions the start and end of an alarm monitoring session.
3.8.3 Configuration function
3.8.1 Measurement functions
Date and time settings
The values of alternative voltages up to 1000 V
Screen brightness and contrast settings
between terminals of any voltage.
Choice of curve colours
The values of alternative currents up to 6500 amps
Choice of reactive power and energy calculation
(neutral included)
mode (with or without harmonics)
Continuous value of voltages and currents (neutral
Choice of connection (one phase, two phase, three
included)
phase with or without neutral).
Voltage and current minimal and maximal half-period
Configuration of records and alarms
values
(Total or partial) data removal
Peak values for voltages and current (neutral
Display software and hardware identifiers
included)
Choice of language
Frequency of 50 Hz and 60 Hz networks
Current and voltage peak factor (excluding neutral)
Calculation of the K factor (KF) (application to
transformers in the presence of harmonic currents)
3.9 Abbreviations
Distortion factor (DF) for current and voltage
(excluding neutral) Meaning of symbols and abbreviations used:
10
Unit Designation Uh Compound voltage harmonic
Alternative and continuous components Urms True effective compound voltage
Alternative component alone Uthd Total compound voltage harmonic

distortion
= Continous component alone
Uunb Compound voltage imbalance (2φ, 3φ).
φ Phase shift of single voltage in relation to
single current V Voltage
Inductive phase shift. VA Apparent power (total if 3φ)
Capacitive phase shift. VAh Apparent energy
° Degree VAR Reactive power.
-,+ Expert mode VARh Reactive energy
−{}−−
{}−−{}
−−{} Sum of the values Vcf Voltage peak factor (compound if 3φ).
−Σ
Vrms True effective phase voltage
L Phases (Line)
Vthd Full harmonic distortion of line-to-neutral
% Percentage voltage.
A Intensity in amps Vunb Voltage imbalance (2φ, 3φ).
Acf Crest factor of current. W Active power (total if 3φ)
Ah Current harmonic Wh Active energy

Akf Factor K (for transformers).
Arms True effective current
Athd Full harmonic distortion of current.
Aunb Current imbalance (2φ, 3φ).
AVG True RMS value calculated on one

second.
CF Peak factor (current or voltage)
DC Continuous component (current or

voltage)
DPF Displacement factor.
Hz Frequency of network studied
KF See Akf.
MAX Maximum RMS value
MIN Minimum RMS value
ms Value in thousandth of a second
PEAK Signal maximum (+) or minimum (-) peak

value
PF Power factor.
PST Short-term flicker.
RMS True effective value (current or voltage)
t Time factor
Tan Tangent.
THD Total harmonic distortion.
Ucf Compound voltage peak factor
11
4. CONFIGURATION KEY
This key configures the ALM 35. The unit should be

Deleting data Choice to total or partially 4.11
configured before using it and whenever necessary.
remove user data
The configuration stays in memory even when the unit
is stopped. Information Serial number, software 4.12
and hardware versions
4.1 Available sub-menus
Select the sub-menu with the
keys and confirm by pressing on .
To select the display language, press the yellow key
To return to the main screen, press . corresponding to the screen icons (Figure 6, item1).
The active language is identified by the icon on the
yellow background.
4.3 Date/Time
This parameter defines the system date and time. The
display is as follows:
1 SU00
Figure 6 : the screen displays sub-menus
Name Sub-menu See

para.
Date/Time Date and time settings 4.3

SUDT
Contrast Screen brightness and 4.4
Brightness contrast settings Figure 7: Date/Time menu
Colours Definition of voltage curve 4.5 The Date/Time field is underlined in yellow
and current curve colours To change the date/time, press . The arrows
show the value that can be changed. To change a
Calculation Choice of reactive 4.6 value, press or .
method parameters (with or To move from one field to another, press . To
without harmonics) confirm, press .
Connection Choice of typeof 4.7 To modify the dating system, position the yellow
connection to the network cursor on the field with keys or . Press . The
(attention: certain arrows show the value that can be changed.
calculations depend of the Select DD/MM/YY or MM/DD/YY, press then
connection). confirm by pressing .
Current sensor Choice of sensors (clamp 4.8 To modify the dating system, position the yellow
MN, C, PAC, AmpFlex™, cursor on the field with keys or been
adapter). confirmed by pressing .. The arrows show the
value that can be changed.
Trend mode Choice of paramters to 4.9 To select the 12-hour or 24-hour clock 12/24 press
record for . .
then confirm by pressing
Alarm Mode Definition of alarms used 4.10 Note: 12/24 : display the time in 24-hour format.
by .
AM/PM: display the time in 12-hour format. The
time is followed by AM or PM.
To return to the Configuration menu, press .
4.4 Contrast/Brightness
Defines the contrast and brightness of the display. The
display is as follows:
12
4.6 Calculation methods
Defines the use or non-use of harmonics in calculating
reactive parameters (powers and energies).
SU
Figure 8: the Contrast/Brightness menu

The selected field is highlighted in yellow.
To modify the contrast, press .
SUCM
To move to the next field, press .

Figure 10: the Calculation methods menu
To change the brightness, press .
To select With harmonics or Without harmonics,
To return to the Configuration menu, press . press .
- With harmonics: harmonics are taken into
account when calculating reactive parameters.
4.5 Colours - Without harmonics: only the fundamental is part
of the calculation of reactive parameters
Defines the colour of the voltage and current curves
To confirm, press . Return to the Configuration
accessible with the , and keys. The menu is immediate.
colours available are: green, dark green, yellow, pink,
red, brown, blue, turquoise blue, dark blue, light grey,
grey, dark grey and black. 4.7 Connection
The display is as follows:
Defines how the ALM 35 connects depending on the
type of network.
SUCOL
Figure 9: the Colours menu SUB
The selected field is highlighted in yellow. Figure 11: the Connection menu
To select the colour of the voltage and current curves,
To configure the type of connection, proceed as follows:
press .
1. Select One Phase, Two Phase, 3 or 4 lead Three
To move to the next field, press .
Phase or 5 lead Three Phase by pressing and
To select the curve colour, press .
.
2. Validate by pressing (this validation is
compulsory for the configuration application). Return
to the Configuration menu is immediate.
4.8 Current sensor

Automatically displays the current sensor model
connected.
13
SUCC 1 SUMT
Figure 12: Current sensor menu Figure 13: In this example, the Urms values are
recorded for configuration 1
The possibilities are:
Clamp MN93: 200A. Clamp MN93A: 100 A or 5 A. To define configuration 1, press the yellow key on the
Clamp C193: 1000 A. Clamp PAC93: 1000 A keypad corresponding to the icon . The icon
AmpFLEX™ A193: 6500 A. Mini-AmpFLEX MA193: appears on a yellow background.
6500 A.
Three phase adapter: 5 A. To select the values, move the yellow cursor with the
and keys. Press to validate. The red
Caution: if a Clamp MN93A calibre 5 A or an Adapter is item confirms validation.
used, it is configured as follows:
The recordable values are:
Definition of the transformation ratio.
- For a 5A clamp: to configure the primary circuit Unit Designation
current transformation ratio (1 A to 2999
Urms Efficient line voltage (2φ, 3φ).
A)/secondary circuit current (1 A or 5 A), press
. To select the fields, use the keys. Vrms Efficient line-to-neutral voltage.
To select the values, use the keys. Proceed
in the same manner for primary and secondary Arms Efficient current.
circuit currents.
- Adapter: to configure the primary circuit current W Active power.
transformation ratio (1 A to 2999 A)/secondary
PF Power factor.
circuit current (1 A or 5 A), press . To select
the fields, use the keys. Uthd Harmonic distortion of line voltage (2φ, 3φ).
To select the values, use the keys. Proceed
in the same manner for primary and secondary Vthd Full harmonic distortion of line-to-neutral
circuit currents. voltage.
To validate, press (this validation is compulsory for Athd Full harmonic distortion of current.
the configuration application).
VAR Reactive power.
Ucf Crest factor of line voltage (2φ, 3φ).

4.9 Trend mode
Vcf Crest factor of line-to-neutral voltage.
The ALM 35 has a recording function – key- (see
chapter 9, page 44) for recording measured and Acf Crest factor of current.
calculated values (Urms, Vrms, Arms, etc.). For
independent configurations may be set up depending VA Apparent power.
on need.
Tan Tangent.
To select the display language, press the yellow key
corresponding to the icônes , , , Vunb Line voltage unbalance (2φ, 3φ).
icons (Figure 13, item1). The active configuration is
identified by the icon on the yellow background. Aunb Current unbalance (2φ, 3φ).
A configuration example is shown below:
Hz Network frequency.
KF K factor.
? See comment herebelow.
14
Specific features for the last two lines
These are set out below:
Figure 14: These two lines involve harmonics

These two lines involve the recording of VAh, Ah, Vh
and Uh variable harmonics. You can select the ranks of
harmonics to be recorded (between 0 and 50) for each
of these harmonics and possibly only odd harmonics SUMA00
within this range. Perform the following:
To enter the value to be recorded: Line is 1 2

highlighted in yellow. Press . Arrows appear.
Figure 15: the Alarm menu
Select the value (VAh, Ah, Vh and Uh) for which
harmonics shall be recorded via . The red item Use keys to browse vertically in fields.
shows your selection. Confirm by pressing . The
values field is highlighted in yellow. To select the field, press . Arrows appear.
Press to switch to the following field. To select the values (Vah, Ah, Uh, etc. See table in
paragraph 4.9), press then confirm with .
To select the starting harmonic range: the line is The field is highlighted in yellow.
underlined in yellow, press . Arrows appear.
Select the rank from which harmonics shall be To navigate horizontally in the fields, use the keys
recorded via , then validate via . then confirm pressing . Arrows appear. Enter
the values then confirm pressing . Do the
Press to switch to the following field. same for all values to be entered in fields.
To select the last harmonic: The second field For each alarm to define, select:
(above or equal to the start harmonic rank) is
highlighted in yellow. Press . Select the last - The type of alarm (Vah, Ah, Uh, Vh, Tan, PF,
harmonic rank to be recorded via , then validate DPF, VA, VAR, W, Athd, Uthd, Vthd, KF, Hz,
via . Aunb, Vunb, Vrms, Acf, Ucf, Vcf, PST, Arms
Urms and Vrms – see the table of abbreviations
Press to switch to the following field. in paragraph 3.9).
Odd harmonics only: to select or deselect a field, press - The harmonics range (between zero and 50 for
The red item shows your selection: Vah, Ah, Uh and Vh).
- selected, only odd harmonics between the two - The alarm filter (3L: 3 individually monitored
ranks of harmonics specified in the previous phases or N: monitoring neutral or Sigma/2 or
points shall be recorded. Sigma/3 or Sigma).
- Not selected, all harmonics (even and odd) - The meaning of the alarm (> or < for Arms,
between the two ranks of harmonics specified in Urms, Vrms, Hz only, otherwise the direction is
the previous points shall be recorded. unique).
To return to the Configuration menu, press . - The threshold for triggering the alarm (setting of
Proceed in the same manner to defined the other the alarm to 10 possible in the following cases:
configurations. W, VAR and VA).
- The minimum duration for exceeding the alarm
validation threshold (in minutes, seconds or only
4.10 Alarm Mode for Vrms, Urms and Arms in hundredths of
seconds).
This screen defines alarms used by the Alarm Mode
- The hysteresis value (corresponds to the
(see chapter 8, page 41). You can configure 40
percentage added or taken away from the alarm
types of alarm.
threshold chosen that will stop the alarm in the
event of overrun - Value 1, 2, 5 or 10% - See
para 17.2).
- Activating the alarm (read item) or deactivating it
(see below).
To activate the configured alarm, position the yellow
cursor on the first column of the list using the key
(Figure 15, item 1) and press . Activation is marked
by the red item The alarm can be triggered.
To display in the alarm screen pages, press the
yellow buttons corresponding to the icons
(Figure 15, item2).
15
To return to the Configuration menu, press . 4.12 Information
This screen displays the unit serial number, the
4.11 Deleting data firmware version, the loader version, the basic card
version, the CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic
Partially or totally deletes the data recorded in the unit Device) version.
(configurations, transients, motor startup, alarms and
detected, screen captures, records)
SUA
1 Figure 17: the Information menu

SUEM
Figure 16: Deleting data menu To return to the Configuration menu, press .
To delete partially:
1. Select the parameters that you want to delete
pressing the keys. The selected field is
highlighted in yellow.
2. Confirm the selection by pressing . The red item
confirms validation.
Note: If the Configuration parameter is selected, the
"after deleting the configuration, the unit will be turned
off" information appears on the screen
3. Press the yellow button on the keypad (Figure 16,
item1) corresponding to the icon , then press
to confirm. The deletion has been completed.
To delete all:
1. To select all parameters, press the yellow key on
the keypad corresponding to the icon . The
selection is identified with the red item The "after
deleting the configuration, the unit will be turned off"
information is displayed.
Note: If the Configuration parameter is selected, the
"after deleting the configuration, the unit will be turned
off" information appears on the screen
2. Press the yellow button on the keypad (Figure 16,
item1) corresponding to the icon , then press
to confirm. The deletion has been completed.
To untick the selection 1, press the yellow key on the
keypad corresponding to the icon .
16
5. KEY WAVEFORM CAPTURE
This mode enables the current's transients and 1 2 3 4 5

waveforms to be displayed and recorded.
5.1 Available sub-modes

The sub-modes are listed in the screen below and
covered individually in the following paragraphs.
WFC01
1
6 7 8
2 Figure 19: the Programming a search screen in
Transient mode.
Item Function
WFC00
1 Reminder of the mode used

Figure 18: the screen when the Waveform Capture
mode is entered 2 Display of sub-mode used.
Item Sub-menu See 3 Memory indicator. The black bar shows used
para. memory; the white bar shows available
memory.
1 Transient mode. 5.2
4 Current date and time.
2 Inrush current mode. 5.3
5 Battery charge level.
To enter the sub-modes, proceed as follows:
6 Display of the list of transients (See para
1. Select the mode by using the keys. The 5.2.2).
selected field is highlighted in yellow.
7 Programming a search (See para 5.2.1).
2. Confirm by pressing .
5 OK: confirm programming of a search.
To return to the Waveform capture screen, press .
: delete a transient. This icon is
displayed if a record has been made (See
5.2 Transient mode para 5.2.3).
This mode enables transients to be recorded, the list of

recorded transients to be viewed, and if necessary 5.2.1 Programming and starting a search
these transients to be deleted. All tracks are stored in To program the search for a transient, proceed as
memory for each transient (regardless of the connection follows:
configuration). You can record up to 300 transients.
Select the submenu by pressing the icon’s
Note: when Transient mode is started the displayed
yellow key. The Programming a search screen is
screen will depend on the following conditions:
displayed.
If … then …
no record has been the Programming a search
made screen is displayed.
transients have been the List of transients screen is

recorded displayed.
17
1 2 3 4 appear. Choose the value with the keys
and then confirm by pressing .
Proceed in the same way for the Current threshold,
Number and Series name fields.
5.2.1.2 STAGE 2: start of programming
5
To start programming a search between the start and
end times which you have defined press the yellow
6 keypad key for the OK icon.
The OK icon disappears and the icon appears
7 instead.
8 The message Search pending is displayed until the

WFC02
start time is reached and the icon flashes in the
Figure 20: the Programming a search screen (in this screen's upper display bar.
example the search has been started)
When the start time is reached the message Search
pending is displayed.
Item Function
When the end time is reached the screen
1 Reminder of the mode used Programming a search with the OK icon (bottom
right-hand of screen) is displayed again. It is then
2 Display of sub-mode used.
possible to program a new search.
3 Flashing icon: indicates that the search Note: transients are recorded in relation to the voltage
has been started. and/or the current in accordance with the configured
activation thresholds. If an activation occurs in relation
4 Memory indicator. The black bar shows used to the current a record of the current waveform and
memory; the white bar shows available voltage is made.
memory.
To return to the Waveform capture screen, press .
5 Transients search start and end times
5.2.1.3 Voluntary alarm campaign stop
6 Adjustment of voltage and current activation The search can be stopped deliberately before the end
thresholds (1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, time and date stamp by pressing the yellow keypad key
100% - see also paragraph 17.5). for the icon (bottom right of screen). The OK icon
shall then reappear in the same place.
7 Choice of number and name of transients.
5.2.2 Displaying a transient
8 Icon is displayed when programming
starts. To display the recorded transients proceed as follows:
1. Select the submenu by pressing the icon’s

5.2.1.1 STAGE 1: configuration of characteristics
yellow key. The List of transients screen is
Perform the following: displayed.
1. Select the Start field via . The selected field is
highlighted in yellow. Press to enter the type of
values. The arrows appear in the date and time
field of the programming campaign start.
Press to increment or decrement a value and
press to switch to the following data.
Note: The start timestamp must exceed present
timestamp.
2. Press to validate the programming of Start date
and time.
3. Select the End field via keys. The selected field
is highlighted in yellow. Press to enter the type of
field of the programming campaign end.
Note: The end timestamp must exceed start timestamp.
4. Press to validate the programming of End date
and time.
5. Select the Voltage threshold field using the
keys. Press to enter the type of values. Arrows
18
1 2 3
Item Function
1 Selection of graphs to be displayed.

- 4 V: displays the 4 single voltages during the
transient (here in a 5-wire triphase
connection).
- 4 A: displays the 3 currents and the neutral
current during the transient.
- L1, L2 or L3: displays the current and the
single voltage successively in relation to
phases 1, 2 and 3.
- N: displays neutral.
WFC03 2 Instantaneous value of the signals according

to the position of the cursor on the scale. To
4 5 move the cursor use the keys.
Figure 21: the List of transients screen
3 : zoom out. To zoom in press the
Item Function yellow keypad key for the icon.
1 Reminder of the mode used : zoom in. To zoom in press the yellow
keypad key for the icon.
2 Display of sub-mode used.
3 Memory indicator. The black bar shows used 3. Select the graphs to be displayed by pressing the
memory; the white bar shows available keys. Le champ sélectionné est surligné en
memory. jaune (Figure 22, item1). Confirm by pressing .
4 To return to the List of transients screen, press .

The icons let you browse through
the previous and next screens. Press the 5.2.3 Delete a transient
yellow keys corresponding to these icons to
display the pages. The icon is displayed only if a record has been made.
To delete a transient proceed as follows:
5 The displayed value indicates the page
number and the number of pages. 1. Select the submenu by pressing the icon’s
yellow key.
2. Select the line of the transient to be displayed using
the keys. The selected field is in boldface.
Confirm by pressing . The screen displays the
transients in the form of graphs.
1 WFC05
Figure 23: Delete the transient screen

2 2. Select the transient to be deleted by using the
WFC04
3 keys. The selected field is shown as bold.
Figure 22: example of display of transients in the form 3. Press to confirm the deletion.
of graphs with a 5-wire triphase connection
Note: The icons (Figure 23, item 1) let you
browse through the previous and next screens. Press
the yellow keys corresponding to these icons to display
the pages.
To leave this screen without deleting press one of the
mode keys ( ).
To return to the Waveform capture screen, press the
key.
19
5.3 Inrush current mode 5.3.1.1 STAGE 1: configuration of characteristics
Perform the following:
This mode enables the waveform of the current to be
1. Select the Activation threshold field using the
recorded, and the capture made to be displayed and
keys. The selected field is highlighted in yellow.
deleted. In capture display mode, two sub-menus,
Press to enter the type of values. The
and , are available (See para 5.3.2). The ALM
arrows appear in the Activation threshold field.
35 keeps in memory only a single current waveform
capture. Press to increment or decrement a value and
Note: when Inrush current mode is started the
displayed screen will depend on the following 2. Press to confirm programming of the activation
conditions: threshold.
If … then … Proceed in the same manner for the Activation filter,
no capture has been the Programming the Hysteresis and Start fields.
made capture screen is Note: for more information on the hysteresis, refer to
displayed. section 17.2.
a capture has been the Characteristics of the 5.3.1.2 STAGE 2: starting the capture
made capture screen is To start programming the capture at the start date and
displayed. time you have defined press the yellow keypad key for
the OK icon.
5.3.1 Programming the capture The OK icon disappears and the icon appears
To program the capture of the current's waveform instead.
proceed as follows: The message capture pending is displayed until the
start time is reached and the icon flashes in the
Select the submenu by pressing the icon’s
yellow key. The Programming the capture screen is screen's upper display bar.
displayed. When the activation conditions are met and the start
1 2 3 4 time is reached, the message Capture pending is
displayed and the memory occupation indicator
appears in the upper part of the screen as follows:
The indicator is displayed only during the capture,

and then disappears when the capture is completed.
If the capture is completed with a stop event (see
conditions in paragraph 17.6) or if the recording
memory of the ALM 35 is full, the capture stops
automatically. The screen Programming the capture
with the OK icon (bottom right of screen) is displayed
again.
WFI00
Note: the ALM 35 can keep in memory only a single
5 6 7 current waveform capture. If you wish to make another
capture firstly delete the previous one.
Figure 24: the Programming the capture screen in
Inrush current mode To return to the Waveform capture screen, press .
5.3.1.3 Deliberate stoppage of the capture
Item Function
The capture can be stopped deliberately by pressing
1 Reminder of the mode used the yellow keypad key for the icon (bottom right of
screen). The OK icon shall then reappear in the same
2 Display of sub-mode used. place.
3 Current date and time. 5.3.2 Displaying the characteristics of the

capture
To display the characteristics of the capture proceed as
5 Display of the characteristics of the capture follows:
(See para 5.3.2).
6 Programming of the capture (See para 5.3.1). yellow key. The Characteristics of the capture
screen is displayed.
7 OK: confirm programming of a capture.
: delete a capture. This icon is displayed
if a capture has been made (See para 5.2.3).
20
5.3.3.1 The RMS display screen in 3A
Information is displayed as follows:
1 2 3 4
WFI01
1 2
Figure 25: the Characteristics of the capture screen 7
WFI02
Item Function See
para. 8 9 10
1 Display in RMS mode. 5.3.3 Figure 26: the RMS display screen in 3A
2 Display in PEAK mode. 5.3.4 Item Function
2. Choose the type of display, or , by 1 Display of mode used

pressing the yellow keypad keys for the icons. The 2 Display of sub-mode used
ALM 35 displays the waveform of the current. You
can then move the cursor along the graph and zoom 3 Current date and time.
in and out.
Available information is:
• Instantaneous value of the current at the instant 5 MAX: maximum half-period RMS value of the
pointed to by the cursor. start-up.
• Maximum instantaneous value of the current (over
the entire start-up period). : indicator of number attributed to the
• RMS value of the half-period (or lobe) of the displayed graph.
current on which the cursor is positioned.
• Maximum half-period RMS value of the current A: value of the measured current.
(over the entire start-up period). 6 Selection of graphs to be displayed:
• Maximum instantaneous value of the start-up
period (PEAK). -3 A: displays the 3 currents and the neutral
• Start time and duration of engine start-up. current during the transient.
- A1, A2 or A3: displays the current
Caution: The voltage must be present before the successively in phases 1, 2 and 3.
engine start-up proper for a stable and correct
frequency servo-control. 7 t: temporal position relative to the cursor (t=0
corresponds to the start of the start-up).
5.3.3 True effective value of the current
A1, A2, A3: instantaneous values of currents
This mode enables the record of the trend of the half-
1, 2 and 3 at the position of the cursor (item
period true effective value of the current to be
9).
displayed.
8 Scale of values in amperes.
9 Instantaneous measurement cursor at a point

in the graph. Use the keys to move the
cursor.

yellow keypad key for the icon.
: zoom in. To zoom in press the yellow

21
5.3.3.2 The RMS display screen in A2 5.3.4.1 The PEAK display screen in 3A
Information is displayed as follows: The screen of 3A filter appears only when the
waveforms are displayed.
1 Information is displayed as follows:
1 2 3 4
2 6
WFI03
3 4
Figure 27: the RMS display screen in A2 7
WFI04
Item Function
8 9 10
1 MAX: maximum half-period RMS value of the
start-up. Figure 28: the PEAK display screen in 3A
: indicator of number attributed to the Item Function
displayed graph.
1 Display of mode used
A: value of the measured current.
2 Display of sub-mode used
2 t: temporal position relative to the cursor (t=0
corresponds to the start of the start-up). 3 Current date and time.
A2: instantaneous value of current 1 at the 4 Battery charge level.
cursor position (item 3).
3 Instantaneous measurement cursor at a point start-up.
cursor. : indicator of number attributed to the
displayed graph.
6 Selection of graphs to be displayed:
keypad key for the icon. -3 A: displays the 3 currents and the neutral
current during the transient.
Note: Filters A1 and A3 display the record of the trend - A1, A2 or A3: displays the current
of the half-period true effective value of the current over successively in phases 1, 2 and 3.
phases 1 and 3. The screen is identical to the one
displayed for filter A2.
5.3.4 Instantaneous value of inrush current
A1, A2, A3: instantaneous values of currents
This mode enables the envelope of the inrush current to 1, 2 and 3 at the position of the cursor (item
be displayed. 9).
8 Scale of values in amperes.

cursor.


22
5.3.4.2 The PEAK display screen in A3
2
WFI05
3 4
Figure 29: the PEAK display screen in A3
Item Function

start-up.
: indicator of number attributed to the
displayed graph.

A3: instantaneous value of current at the
cursor position (item 3).

cursor.
4 : zoom in. To zoom in press the yellow

Note: Filters A1 and A2 display the record of the trend

of the half-period true effective value of the current over
phases 1 and 2. The screen is identical to the one
displayed for filter A3.
23
6. HARMONICS KEY
This key displays the representation of the harmonics

rates of the voltage, current and apparent power for
6.2 Single voltage
each rank. It enables the harmonic currents produced
by the non-linear charges to be determined, and the This sub-menu displays the harmonics of the voltage.
problems engendered by these same harmonics to be Note: The choice of the graphs to be displayed depends
analysed in accordance with their rank (heating of on the type of connection (See para 4.7):
neutrals, of conductors, of motors, etc.)
• Single-phase: no choice (L1)
• Diphase: 2L, L1, L2
6.1 Available sub-menus • Triphase 3, 4 or 5 wires: 3L, L1, L2, L3, -,+
The screen captures shown as examples are those
Submenus are listed on the screen below and obtained with a triphase connection. This observation is
individually processed in the following paragraphs. valid for the other sub-menus.
The measurement type is selected using the yellow 6.2.1 The display screen of the phase voltage
keys of the keypad under the screen. harmonics in 3L
1 2 3 4 5
MHA00
1 2 3 4 5 6
Figure 30: screen of Harmonics mode
MHA01
Item Sub-menus See

6 7 8
para.
Figure 31: example of display of harmonics of phase
1 Analysis of the harmonics of phase 6.2 voltage (harmonic n° 5: Vh05) in 3L
voltage.
Item Function
2 Analysis of the harmonics of the 6.3
current. 1 Reminder of the mode used
3 Analysis of the harmonics of the 6.4 2 Instantaneous frequency.
apparent power.
3
4 Analysis of the harmonics of the line 6.5
voltage.
5 zoom out. To zoom in press the - This information is relative to the harmonic
yellow keypad key for the icon. under the cursor (Figure 31, item 7).
6 zoom in. To zoom in press the - Vh 05: number of harmonic.
% : rate of harmonic relative to the
7 Select filters and expert mode. Use - fundamental value.
the keys to select the display. V: effective voltage of the harmonic in
question.
+000°: phase displacement relative to
fundamental value (rank 1).
24
6 Item Function
This information is relative to the harmonic

under the cursor (Figure 32, item 3).
The horizontal axis indicates the ranks of the
harmonics (uneven marking). Vh 03: number of harmonic.
Display of the level of the harmonics as a % : rate of harmonic relative to the

percentage relative to the fundamental value fundamental value.
(rank 1). V: effective voltage of the harmonic in
DC rank: direct component. question.
Rank (1 to 25): rank of harmonics. When the +000°: phase displacement relative to
cursor exceeds rank 25 range 26 to 50 fundamental value (rank 1).
appears. max – min: maximum and minimum
indicators of the rate of harmonics in question
7 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. Use the (reset whenever the harmonic number is
keys to move the cursor. changed).
8 Display of expert mode (triphase connection THD: total harmonic distortion.
only - See para 6.6) of the 3 x 3L phases, or
of L1, L2 and L3 (*). To select the display 2
press the keys.
(*) With a single-phase connection this display is not

available. With a diphase connection the available
information is: 2L, L1 and L2.
6.2.2 The display screen of the phase voltage
harmonics in L1 The horizontal axis indicates the ranks of the
harmonics (uneven marking).
Display of the level of the harmonics as a
1 percentage relative to the fundamental value
(rank 1).
DC rank: direct component.
Rank (1 to 25): rank of harmonics. When the
cursor exceeds rank 25 range 26 to 50
appears.
3 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. Use the

keys to move the cursor.
4 Display of expert mode (triphase connection

MHA02
of L1, L2 and L3 (*). To select the display
press the keys.
2 3 4
Note: Filters L2 and L3 display the harmonics of the
Figure 32: example of display of harmonics of phase
voltage respectively for phases 2 and 3. The screen is
voltage (harmonic n° 3: Vh03) in L1
identical to the one displayed for filter L1.
25
6.3 Current 7 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. Use the
This sub-menu displays the harmonics of the current.
6.3.1 The current harmonics display screen in 3L only - See para 6.6) of the 3 x 3L phases, or
The displayed information is read as follows: of L1, L2 and L3 (*). To select the display
press the keys.
1 2 3 4 5
6.3.2 The current harmonics display screen in L1
The displayed information is read as follows:
1
MHA03
6 7 8
Figure 33: example of display of harmonics of current
(harmonic n° 5: Ah05) in 3L
Item Function
1 Reminder of the mode used MHA04
2 Instantaneous frequency. 2 3 4
3 Figure 34: example of display of harmonics of current

(harmonic n° 5: Ah05) in L1
Item Function
under the cursor (Figure 33, item 7). 1
Ah 05: number of harmonic.

% : rate of harmonics relative to the This information is relative to the harmonic
fundamental harmonic. under the cursor (Figure 34, item 3).
A: effective current of the harmonic in Ah 05: number of harmonic.
question.
% : rate of harmonics relative to the
+000°: phase displacement relative to fundamental harmonic.
A: effective current of the harmonic in
4 Current date and time. question.
6 max – min: maximum and minimum
(reset whenever the harmonic number is
changed).
THD: total harmonic distortion.

percentage relative to the fundamental value
(rank 1).
appears.
26
2 Item Function
2 Instantaneous frequency.

Vah03: number of harmonic.
percentage relative to the fundamental value
(rank 1). % : rate of harmonic relative to the
fundamental harmonic (rank 1).
+000° : phase displacement of the voltage
harmonic relative to the current harmonic for
the rank in question.
appears.
Display of energy generated.
keys to move the cursor. Display of energy consumed.
4 Display of expert mode (triphase connection 4 Current date and time.

of L1, L2 and L3 (*). To select the display 5 Battery charge level.
press the keys.
6
6.4 Apparent power

This sub-menu displays the harmonics of the apparent harmonics (the bars of the bar chart above
power. the horizontal axis signify consumed
harmonic power, and those below signify
6.4.1 The display screen of the apparent power generated harmonic power).
harmonics in 3L
The information is: percentage relative to the fundamental value
(rank 1).
1 2 3 4 5
appears.
7 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. To move the

cursor use the keys.

press the keys.
MHA05

6 7 8
Figure 35: example of display of harmonics of the information is: 2L, L1 and L2.
apparent power (harmonic n° 3: VAh03) in 3L
27
6.4.1.1 The display screen of the apparent power
harmonics in L1 3 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. Use the
The information is:
1 4 Display of expert mode (triphase connection
press the keys.

6.5 Composite voltage

This sub-menu is available only for diphase and
MHA06
triphase connections. This sub-menu displays the
harmonics of the line voltage.
2 3 4 6.5.1 The display screen of the line voltage
Figure 36: example of display of harmonics of current harmonics in 3L
(harmonic n° 3: VAh03) in L1 Information is displayed as follows:
Function 1 2 3 4 5
Item

Vah 03: number of harmonic.
fundamental harmonic.
MHA07

fundamental value (rank 1). 6 7 8
min – max: maximum and minimum indicators Figure 37: example of display of harmonics of line
of the rate of harmonics in question (reset voltage (harmonic n° 03: Uh03) in 3L
whenever the harmonic number is changed).
Item Function
2
2 Instantaneous frequency.

harmonics (uneven marking). This information is relative to the harmonic
percentage relative to the fundamental value Uh 03: number of harmonic.
(rank 1). % : rate of harmonics relative to the
DC rank: direct component. fundamental harmonic.
Rank (1 to 25): rank of harmonics. When the v: effective voltage of the harmonic in
cursor exceeds rank 25 range 26 to 50 question.
appears. +000° : phase displacement relative to the
fundamental harmonic (rank 1).
Display of energy consumed.
28
4 Current date and time. Item Function
5 Battery charge level. 1

Uh 03: number of harmonic.
harmonics (uneven marking). v: effective voltage of the harmonic in
question.
percentage relative to the fundamental value +000°: phase displacement relative to
(rank 1). fundamental value (rank 1).
DC rank: direct component. max – min: maximum and minimum
Rank (1 to 25): rank of harmonics. When the (reset whenever the harmonic number is
cursor exceeds rank 25 range 26 to 50 changed).
appears.
THD: total harmonic distortion.
7 Harmonic ranks selection cursor. To move the
cursor use the keys. 2

press the keys.
(*) With a single-phase connection this display is not The horizontal axis indicates the ranks of the
available. With a diphase connection the available harmonics (uneven marking).
6.5.2 The display screen of the line voltage percentage relative to the fundamental value
harmonics in L1 (rank 1).
Information is displayed as follows: DC rank: direct component.
1 Rank (1 to 25): rank of harmonics. When the
appears.


press the keys.
MHA08
6.6 Expert mode
2 3 4
This mode is available with a triphase connection only.
Figure 38: example of display of harmonics of line It enables the influence of the harmonics on the heating
voltage (harmonic n° 03: Uh03) in L1 of the neutral or on the rotating machines to be
displayed. To display expert mode press the keys
of the keypad. The selection is underlined in yellow and
the screen simultaneously displays the expert mode.
From this screen, two sub-menus, and , are

available (see next page).
29
6.6.1 The screen displaying expert mode
for phase voltage
This sub-menu displays the influence of the harmonics
of the phase voltage on the heating of the neutral or on
the rotating machines.
1 2 3
MHA09
4
Figure 39: the expert mode screen for phase voltage
Item Function
1 Harmonics inducing a negative sequence.
2 Harmonics inducing a zero sequence.
3 Harmonics inducing a positive sequence.
4 % : rate of harmonics relative to the

6.6.2 The screen displaying expert mode

for current
This sub-menu displays the influence of the harmonics
of the current on the heating of the neutral or on the
rotating machines.
1 2 3
MHA10
4
Figure 40: the expert mode screen for current
30
7. WAVEFORM KEY
This key enables the current and voltage graphs to be • Single-phase: no choice (L1)
displayed, together with the values measured and • Diphase: 2V, 2A, L1, L2
calculated from the voltages and currents (except for • Triphase 3 or 4 wires: 3U, 3V, 3A, L1, L2, L3
power, energy and harmonics). • Triphase 5 wires:
- For , and : 3U, 3V, 3A, L1, L2
and L3
7.1 Available sub-menus - For , and : 3U, 4V, 4A, L1, L2, L3
and N
Submenus are listed on the screen below and
individually processed in the following paragraphs. The screen captures shown as examples are those
obtained with a triphase 5-wire connection.
The measurement type is selected using the yellow
keys of the keypad under the screen. 7.2.1 The RMS display screen in 3U
This screen displays the three line voltages of a
triphase system.
1 2 3 4 5
WF00
1 2 3 4 5 6
Figure 41: Waveform mode screen
Item Sub-menus See WF01
para.
6 7 8 9
1 Measurement of the true effective 7.2 Figure 42: the RMS display screen in 3U
value (current or voltage)
Item Function
2 Measurement of total harmonic 7.3
distortion. 1 Reminder of the mode used
3 Measurement of the peak factor 7.4 2 Instantaneous frequency of network.
(current or voltage).
3 Effective values of line voltages.
4 Display of maximum, average and 7.5
minimum values (current, voltage 4 Current date and time.
and current and voltage peak).
5 Simultaneous display of all voltage 7.6
and current measurements (RMS, 6 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling.
DC, THD, DF, CF, PST).
7 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the
6 Display of Fresnel diagram of 7.7 cursor use the keys.
signals.
8 Display of the waveforms of the line voltage.
7 Select filters and expert mode. Use -
the keys to select the display. Continuation of the table on the next page.
7.2 Measurement of true

effective value
This sub-menu displays the waveforms over a period of
the measured signals and the true effective values of
the voltage and the current.
Note: The choice of the graphs to be displayed
depends on the type of connection (See para 4.7):
31
7.2.3 The RMS display screen in 4A
Instantaneous value of the signals at the
intersection of the cursor (Figure 42, item 7) This screen displays the three phase currents and the
9 and of the graphs. neutral current of a triphase system.
t: time relative to the start of the period The displayed information is read as follows:
(expressed in milliseconds).
U1: instantaneous value of the line voltage
between phases 1 and 2 (U12).
7.2.2 The RMS display screen in 4V

This screen displays the three phase voltages and the WF03
neutral relative to the earth of a triphase system.
The displayed information is read as follows: 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 Figure 44: the RMS display screen in 4A
Item Function
1 Axis of current values with automatic scaling.

3 Effective values of currents.
4 Instantaneous values of the signals at the

intersection of the cursor (above, item 2) and
WF02
of the graphs.
t: time relative to the start of the period
4 (expressed in milliseconds).
Figure 43: the RMS display screen in 4V.
A1: instantaneous value of the current of
Item Function graph 1.
A2: instantaneous value of the current of
1 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling. graph 2.
2 Effective values of phase voltages. A3: instantaneous value of the current of
graph 3.
cursor use the keys. AN: instantaneous value of neutral.
4 Instantaneous values of the signals at the 7.2.4 The RMS display screen for neutral
of the graphs. This screen displays the neutral voltage relative to earth
and the current of the neutral.
V1: instantaneous value of the phase voltage
of graph 1.
of graph 2.
of graph 3.
VN: instantaneous value of neutral.
32
The displayed information is read as follows: The displayed information is read as follows:
1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5
WF04 WF05*
6 7 8 9
4 5 Figure 46: the THD display screen in 3U
Figure 45: the RMS display screen for neutral
Item Function
Item Function
1 Axis of voltage values of current and of
voltage with automatic scaling. 2 Harmonic distortion rate for each graph.
2 Effective value of voltage. 3 Instantaneous frequency of network.

3 Effective value of current. 4 Current date and time.
4 Instantaneous values of the signals at the 5 Battery charge level.

of the graphs. 6 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling.
t: time relative to the start of the period 7 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the
(expressed in milliseconds). cursor use the keys.
VN: instantaneous value of the voltage of
neutral.
AN: instantaneous value of the current of of the graphs.
neutral.
5 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the (expressed in milliseconds).
cursor use the keys. U1: instantaneous value of the line voltage
Note: Filters L1, L2 and L3 display the current and U2: instantaneous value of the line voltage
voltage respectively in phases 1, 2 and 3. The screen is between phases 2 and 3 (U23).
identical to the one displayed for neutral.
7.3 Measurement of total
harmonic distortion
This sub-menu displays the waveforms over a period
(alternance) of the measured signals and the total
harmonic distortion rates for voltage and current.
7.3.1 The THD display screen in 3U
This screen displays the waveforms of a period of the
line voltages and the total harmonic distortion rates.
33
7.3.2 The THD display screen in 3V The displayed information is read as follows:
This screen displays the waveforms of a period of the 1 2
phase voltages and the total harmonic distortion rates.
1 2
WF07*
3 4
Figure 48: the THD display screen in 3A
CW07*
Item Function
3 4
Figure 47: the THD display screen in 3V 1 Axis of current values with automatic scaling.
2 Harmonic distortion rate for each graph.

Item Function
1 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling.
2 Harmonic distortion rate for each graph.
3 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the intersection of the cursor (above, item 3) and
cursor use the keys. of the graphs.
4 Instantaneous values of the signals at the (expressed in milliseconds).
of the graphs. A1: instantaneous value of the current of
graph 1.
(expressed in milliseconds). A2: instantaneous value of the current of
graph 2.
of graph 1. A3: instantaneous value of the current of
graph 3.
of graph 2.
Note: Filters L1, L2 and L3 display the total harmonic
V3: instantaneous value of the phase voltage distortion rates of the current and of the voltage
of graph 3. respectively for phases 1, 2 and 3.
7.3.3 The THD display screen in 3A

7.4 Measurement of the peak
phase currents and the total harmonic distortion rates. factor
This sub-menu displays the waveforms over a period of
the measured signals and the voltage and current peak
factor.
7.4.1 The CF display screen in 3U.
line voltages and the peak factors.
34
The displayed information is read as follows: The displayed information is read as follows:
1 2 3 4 5 1
WF08 WF09
6 7 8 9 2 3 4
Figure 49: the CF display screen in 3U Figure 50: the display screen in 3V
Item Function Item Function
1 Reminder of the mode used 1 Peak factor for each graph.
2 Peak factor for each graph. 2 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling
3 Instantaneous frequency of network. 3 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the

5 Battery charge level. intersection of the cursor (above, item 3) and
of the graphs.
6 Axis of voltage values with automatic scaling.
7 Instantaneous value cursor. To move the (expressed in milliseconds).
8 Instantaneous values of the signals at the of graph 1.
of the graphs.
of graph 2.
of graph 3.
U1: peak factor of the voltage between
phases 1 and 2 (U12). 7.4.3 The display screen in 3A
U2: peak factor of the voltage between This screen displays the waveforms of a period of the
phases 2 and 3 (U23). currents and the peak factors.
U3: peak factor of the voltage between The displayed information is read as follows:
phases 3 and 1 (U31).
1
7.4.2 The display screen in 3V

phase voltages and the peak factors.
WF10
2 3 4
Figure 51: the CF display screen in 3A
35
1 Peak factor for each graph. 1 Reminder of the mode used
2 Axis of current values with automatic scaling. 2 Columns of values relative to each graph (1, 2
and 3).
cursor use the keys. MAX: RMS value of the maximum line voltage
from powering of the ALM 35 or from the
4 Instantaneous values of the signals at the last time the key is pressed.
intersection of the cursor (Figure 51, item 3)
RMS : true effective value of line voltage
and of the graphs.
MIN: RMS value of the minimum line voltage
t: time relative to the start of the period measured from powering of the ALM 35 or
(expressed in milliseconds). from the last time the key is pressed.
A1: instantaneous value of the current of PEAK+: maximum peak value of the line
graph 1. voltage.
A2: instantaneous value of the current of PEAK-: minimum peak value of the line
graph 2. voltage.
A3: instantaneous value of the current of 3 Instantaneous frequency of network.

graph 3.
Note: L1, L2 and L3 display the peak factors of the 5 Battery charge level.
current and of the voltage respectively for phases 1, 2
and 3.
Note: The Max. and Min. RMS measurements are
calculated every half-period (i.e. every 10 ms for a
7.5 Measurement of extreme and signal at 50 Hz). The measurements are refreshed
every 250 ms.
average voltage and current values
7.5.2 The Max.-Min. display screen in 4V
This sub-menu displays the RMS, maximum, minimum This screen displays the RMS, maximum, minimum and
and average values for voltage and current, together average values and the instantaneous positive and
with those for the instantaneous positive and negative negative peak values of the phase voltages and of
voltage and current peaks. neutral.
7.5.1 The Max.-Min. display screen in 3U The following data is displayed:
This screen displays the RMS, maximum, minimum and 1 2
average values and the instantaneous positive and
negative peak values of the line voltages.
The following data is displayed:
1 2 3 4 5
WF12
Figure 53: the Max.-Min. display screen in 4V
WF11
Figure 52: the Max.-Min. display screen in 3U
36
1 Columns of values relative to each voltage 1 Columns of values relative to each current
graph (1, 2, 3). graph (1, 2, 3).
MAX: RMS value of the maximum phase MAX: maximum RMS value of the current
voltage from powering of the ALM 35 or from powering of the ALM 35 or from the
from the last time the key is pressed. last time the key is pressed.
RMS : true effective value of phase voltage. RMS : true effective value of the current.
MIN: RMS value of the minimum phase MIN: minimum RMS value of the current from
voltage from powering of the ALM 35 or powering of the ALM 35 or from the last time
from the last time the key is pressed. the key is pressed.
PEAK+: maximum peak value of the phase PEAK+: maximum peak value of current.
voltage.
PEAK-: minimum peak value of current.
PEAK-: minimum peak value of the phase
voltage. 2 Column of values relative to neutral: RMS,
PEAK+ and PEAK-
2 Column of values relative to neutral: RMS, parameters (see point 1).
PEAK+ and PEAK-
parameters (see point 1). Note: The Max. and Min. RMS measurements are
calculated every half-period (i.e. every 10 ms for a
Note: The Max. and Min. RMS measurements are signal at 50 Hz). The measurements are refreshed
calculated every half-period (i.e. every 10 ms for a every 250 ms.
signal at 50 Hz). The measurements are refreshed
7.5.4 The Max.-Min. display screen in L1
every 250 ms.
7.5.3 The Max.-Min. display screen in 4A This screen displays the RMS, maximum, minimum and
This screen displays the RMS, maximum, minimum and negative peak values of the phase voltage and of the
average values and the instantaneous positive and current for phase 1.
negative peak values of the phase currents and of
neutral. The following data is displayed:
The following data is displayed: 1 2
1 2
WF14
Figure 55: the Max.-Min. display screen in L1

WF13
Figure 54: the Max.-Min. display screen in 4A
37
7.6.1 Simultaneous Display screen in 3U
Item Function
This screen displays the RMS, DC, THD, DF and CF
1 Column of values relative to voltage. values of the line voltages.
MAX: maximum RMS value of the voltage The displayed information is read as follows:
from powering of the ALM 35 or from the
1 2 3 4 6
last time the key is pressed.
RMS : true effective value of voltage.
MIN: minimum RMS value of the voltage from
powering of the ALM 35 or from the last time
the key is pressed.
PEAK+: maximum peak value of the voltage.
PEAK-: minimum peak value of the voltage.
2 Identical information to that described in point

1, but relative to current.
WF16
Note: The Max. and Min. RMS measurements are

calculated every half-period (i.e. every 10 ms for a Figure 57: simultaneous Display screen in 3U
signal at 50 Hz). The measurements are refreshed
every 250 ms. Item Function
L2 and L3 display the RMS, maximum, minimum and 1 Reminder of the mode used
negative peak values of the voltage and of the current 2 Column of values relative to line voltage
respectively for phases 2 and 3. (graphs 1, 2 and 3).
7.5.5 The Max.-Min. display screen of neutral RMS : true effective value calculated over 1
second.
This screen displays the RMS values and those of the
instantaneous positive and negative peaks of neutral DC: direct component.
relative to earth. THD: total harmonic distortion rate.
The following data is displayed: DF: distortion factor.
1 2 CF: peak factor calculated in relation to the
displayed waveform.
3 Instantaneous frequency of network.
7.6.2 Simultaneous Display screen in 4V

This screen displays the RMS, DC, THD, DF, CF and
PST values of the phase voltages and of neutral.
WF15
Figure 56: the Max.-Min. display screen of neutral
Item Function
1 Column of values relative to voltage.

RMS : true effective value of voltage.
PEAK+: maximum peak value of the voltage.
PEAK-: minimum peak value of the voltage.
2 Identical information to that described in point

1, but relative to current.
7.6 Simultaneous display

This sub-menu displays all the voltage and current
measurements (RMS, DC, THD, DF, CF, PST, KF).
38
The displayed information is read as follows: DF: distortion factor.
1 2 CF: peak factor calculated in relation to the
displayed waveform.
KF: K factor. Oversizing of transformer
relative to harmonics.
2 Column of RMS value relative to neutral.
7.6.4 Simultaneous Display screen in L1

This screen displays the RMS, THD, DF, CF values of
the voltage and of the current, together with the DC and
PST parameters for voltage and KF for
phase 1.
WF17
Figure 58: simultaneous Display screen in 4V
1 2
Item Function
1 Column of values relative to voltage (graphs

1, 2 and 3).
RMS : true effective value calculated over 1
second.
DC: direct component.
THD: total harmonic distortion rate.
DF: distortion factor.
CF: peak factor calculated in relation to the
WF19
displayed waveform.
Figure 60: Simultaneous Display screen in L1
PST : short-term flicker (over 10 minutes).
Item Function
2 Column of RMS and DC values relative to
neutral. 1 Column of values relative to voltage.
7.6.3 Simultaneous Display screen in 4A
second.
This screen displays the RMS, DC, THD, DF, CF and
KF values of the phase currents and of neutral.
THD: total harmonic distortion rate.
DF: distortion factor.
1 2
CF: peak factor calculated in relation to the
displayed waveform.
PST : short-term flicker (over 10 minutes).
2 Column of values relative to current.

RMS, THD, DF and CF values: see point 1
KF: K factor. Oversizing of transformer
relative to harmonics.
Note: L2 and L3 give information concerning

simultaneous display of the current and of the voltage
WF18
respectively for phases 2 and 3.
Figure59: simultaneous Display screen in 4A
7.6.5 Screen for Simultaneous Display of neutral
Item Function This screen displays the RMS (true effective value) and
DC (direct component) values of the voltage and the
1 Column of values relative to current (graphs
RMS value of the current of neutral.
1, 2 and 3).
second. 7.7 Display of Fresnel diagram
This sub-menu displays the absolute values of the
THD: total harmonic distortion rate. voltages and currents at the fundamental frequency, the
phase displacement of the voltages relative to the
39
currents and the unbalances of the voltages and currents relative to one another and the unbalance of
currents. the currents.
7.7.1 The screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in The displayed information is identical to that described
3U in point 7.7.1 but relative to the current.
This screen displays the absolute value of the voltage 7.7.4 The screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in
at the fundamental frequency, the phase displacement L1
of the line voltages relative to the currents and the
unbalance of the line voltages. This screen displays the absolute value of the current
and of the voltage at the fundamental frequency and the
The displayed information is read as follows: phase displacement of the voltage relative to the
current in relation to phase 1.
1 2 3 4 6
WF20
WF21
Figure 61: the screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in

3U Figure 62: the screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in
L1
Item Function
Item Function
1 V1: absolute value of the phase voltage at the
2 Column of values relative to each vector (1, 2 fundamental frequency.
and 3). A1: absolute value of the current at
V1, V2, V3: absolute values of the voltages at fundamental frequency.
fundamental frequency.
2 φVA: phase displacement of voltage (V)
φ12 : phase displacement of phase 1 relative relative to current (A).
to phase 2.
φ23 : phase displacement of phase 2 relative Note: L2 and L3 display the absolute value of the
to phase 3. current and of the voltage at the fundamental frequency
and the phase displacement of the voltage relative
φ31 : phase displacement of phase 3 relative respectively to phases 2 and 3.
to phase 1.
3 Instantaneous frequency of network.
4 Fresnel diagram.
7 Unb: unbalance of line voltages.
7.7.2 The screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in

3V
This screen displays the absolute value of the phase
voltage at the fundamental frequency, the phase
displacement of the phase voltages relative to the
currents and the unbalance of the phase voltages.
The displayed information is identical to that described
in point 7.7.1 but relative to phase voltage.
7.7.3 The screen Displaying the Fresnel diagram in
3A
This screen displays the absolute value of the current at
fundamental frequency, the phase displacement of the
40
8. ALARM MODE KEY
This mode detects over thresholds (Vrms, Urms, Arms, 1 2 3 4

PST, Vcf, Ucf, Acf, Vunb, Aunb, Hz, KF, Vthd, Uthd,
Athd, Vdf, W, VAR, VA, DPF, PF, Vh, Uh, Ah and VAh)
of values that you wish to monitor.
You must firstly select a hysteresis value that is valid for
all alarms. Values to be monitored:
5
• were defined by the Configuration / Alarm mode
screen (See para 4.10, page 15).
• must be activated (visible red item) on the same
screen.
Stored alarms can then be transferred onto a PC via the
PAT application (see corresponding manual). You can
capture over 10,000 alarms.
SUMA00
8.1 Available submenus 6 7 89 10 11 12
Submenus are listed on the screen below and Figure 64: Configuration from alarm mode screen
individually processed in the following paragraphs.
Item Function
Sub-menus are selected using the yellow keys on the
keypad under the screen. 1 Reminder of the mode used.
2 Reminder of the submenu used.
5 Activating alarm (red item) or

deactivating it (see point 3 below).
6 Type of alarm (Vah, Ah, Uh, Vh, Tan,

PF, DPF, VA, VAR, W, Athd, Uthd,
Vthd, KF, Hz, Aunb, Vunb, Vrms, Acf,
AM00 Ucf, Vcf, PST, Arms Urms and Vrms –
see table of abbreviations in
1 2 3 4 paragraph , page 10.
Figure 63: the Alarm Mode screen 7 Harmonics classification (between 0
and 50, for Vah, Ah, Uh and Vh).
Item Sub-menus See
para. 8 Alarm filter (3L: 3 individually
monitored phases or N: monitoring
1 Access to Alarm mode configuration. 8.2
neutral or Sigma/2 or Sigma/3 or
8.4 Sigma).
2 Alarm log.
8.3 9 Alarm direction (> or < only for Arms,
3 Programming a campaign.
Urms, Vrms, Hz, otherwise a single
direction).
The icons OK and (above, item 4) have the
following functions: 10 Alarm triggering threshold (it is
• OK: Validating the programming of a campaign and possible to set the unit’s power of 10
starting the alarm campaign (See para 8.3.2). for the following: W, VAR and VA).
• : Voluntary alarm campaign stop (See para
8.3.3). 11 Minimum duration and over threshold
for validating the alarm (in minutes,
seconds or only for Vrms, Urms and
8.2 Alarm mode configuration Arms in hundreds of a second).
This submenu displays the list of configured alarms Table continued on the next page
(See para 4.10, page 15). This shortcut key enables
you to define or change alarm configurations.
41
12 Hysteresis value (corresponds to the
field of the programming campaign start.
added or cut percentage of the chosen
alarm threshold that shall stop the Press to increment or decrement a value and
alarm if exceeded – Value of 1, 2, 5 or press to switch to the following data.
10%).
Icon for browsing in the 1,365 video timestamp.
pages. Press the yellow keys
corresponding to these icons to
and time.
display the pages.
3. Select the End field via keys. The selected field
Reminder: Use keys to browse vertically in fields. is highlighted in yellow. Press to enter the type of
Use .keys to browse horizontally in fields. values. The arrows appear in the date and time
field of the programming campaign end.
Perform the following to configure an alarm:
1. Select the field by pressing . Arrows appear. press to switch to the following data.
2. Enter values (Vah, Ah, Uh, etc.) by pressing Note: The end timestamp must exceed start timestamp.
then validate via . The field is highlighted in
yellow. 4. Press to validate the programming of End date
and time.
Do the same for all values to be entered in fields.
8.3.2 Stage 2: Starting alarm campaign
3. Activate the configured alarm by placing the yellow
cursor on the browsing column (Figure 64, item 5) Press the OK icon’s yellow key to launch the alarm
and press . Activation is marked by the red item campaign between the start and end times that you
The alarm can be triggered. specified.
Note: Repeat Stage 3 if you wish to deactivate the The OK icon disappears and the icon appears
alarm. instead.
Press to return to the Programming a campaign The Campaign on standby message is displayed
screen. while awaiting start time and the icon blinks on
the screen’s top display bar.
The Campaign running message is displayed when
8.3 Programming an alarm start time begins.
campaign The Programming a campaign screen with the OK
icon (bottom right-hand side of the screen) are
This submenu specifies the time schedule for the start displayed when the end time is reached. You can
and end of an alarm campaign. then program a new campaign.
8.3.3 Voluntary alarm campaign stop
The alarm campaign can be voluntarily stopped before
the end timestamp by pressing the icon’s yellow
key (bottom right-hand side of the screen). The OK icon
shall then reappear in the same place.
8.4 Displaying alarm log

This submenu displays the alarm log. The log can
AM00
contain a maximum of 14,336 alarms. Press the
icon’s yellow key to view this alarm log.
Figure 65: Example of a campaign programming screen
Note: the type of connection selected in the mode
8.3.1 STAGE 1: Parameterization of time schedule does not affect the possibilities of alarm filter choice and
Perform the following: monitored parameter. Users are responsible for these
choices.
1. Select the Start field via . The selected field is
42
The following data is displayed:
1 2
To be
changed
AM02
To be
changed Figure 67: Alarm log in deletion mode screen
AM01
3 4 5 6
Figure 66: Alarm log screen
Item Function
1 Alarm date and time.
2 Alarm log filling rate. The black cursor

corresponds to used memory.
3 Alarm filter.
4 Monitored parameter (Vrms, etc.).
5 Amplitude (min. or max.).
6 Alarm duration.
Reminder: Stored alarms can be transferred onto a PC

via the PAT application (see corresponding manual).
You can capture 10,920 alarms.
8.5 Deleting alarm log

This submenu deletes the whole log. Perform the
following to delete this log:
yellow key.
2. Press to delete the whole alarm log. Log is
empty.
Press to quit this submenu without deleting stored
data.
43
9. TREND MODE KEY
This mode records the parameter changes previously

specified by the Configuration / Trend mode screen
(See para 4.9, p 14).

Sub-menus are listed on the screen below and
mentioned one-by-one in the following paragraphs.
keypad under the screen.
TREND00
Figure 69: Example of a screen for Programming a

recording (configuration 1)
9.2.1 STAGE 1: Parameterization of characteristics
Perform the following:
1. Select the Configuration field via . The selected
field is highlighted in yellow. Press to enter the
type of configuration. Arrows appear.
2. Select the configuration to be used by browsing via
TREND00
keys. Press to validate.
Reminder: The to configurations were
1 2 3 4
defined on the Configuration / Trend mode screen
Figure 68: Trend mode screen (See para 4.9, page 14). Also see point 9.3 for the
configuration procedure.
Item Sub-menus See
para. 1. Select the Start field via . The selected field is
1 Access to Trend mode configuration. 9.3 values. Arrows appear in the programming a
recording start date and time field.
2 Recording list. 9.4
3 Programming a recording. 9.2 press to switch to the following data.
The OK icon (item 4) enables to validate a recording’s timestamp.
programming (See para 9.2, page 44).
and time.
9.2 Programming and initiating 3. Select the End field via keys. The selected field
recording is highlighted in yellow. Press to enter the type of
values. Arrows appear in the programming a
This submenu specifies the characteristics of a new recording end date and time field.
recording campaign.
Note: The end timestamp must exceed start timestamp.
4. Press to validate the programming of End date
and time.
5. Select the Period field via keys and press
to enter the value. Arrows appear.
Press to increment or decrement possible
values (1 s, 5 s, 20 s, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min or
15 min). Press to validate.
Note: The recording integration period corresponds to
the time during which each recorded value’s
measurement shall be averaged.
6. Press again to highlight the Name box in yellow
and press to enter edit mode. Input the recording
name
44
(no more than 8 characters). Several recordings can
carry the same name.
1 2 3 4
Available alphanumeric characters are A...Z, space
and 0 to 9. Use keys to display a character and
to switch to the contiguous character.
7. Press to validate the name.
9.2.2 STAGE 2: Start programming a recording.
Press the OK icon’s yellow key (bottom right-hand
side of the screen) to begin recording between your
specified start and end times. The OK icon
disappears and the icon appears instead.
The Recording on standby message is displayed
while awaiting start time and the icon (figure 8, SUMT
item 1) blinks on the screen’s top display bar.

5 6 7
The Recording running message is displayed when
start time begins. Figure 71: Trend mode configuration screen
1 Item Function
2 Reminder of submenu used.
5 Configuration of VAh, Ah, Vh and Uh variable

harmonics recording.
6 List of parameters to be recorded (Urms,

TREND01
Vrms, W, PF… etc).
Figure 70: Display screen during a current recording Types of configuration icon ( to ).
Press these icons’ yellow keys to display
The Programming a recording screen and OK icon screen pages.
(bottom right-hand side of the screen) reappear when
the end time is reached. You can then program a new
recording. Perform the following to configure a recording:
9.2.3 Voluntary current recording stop Example for configuration 1:
The recording can be voluntarily stopped before the end 1. To zoom in press the yellow keypad key
timestamp by pressing the icon’s yellow key corresponding to the icon. It is displayed
(bottom right-hand side of the screen). The OK icon against a yellow background.
shall then reappear in the same place. 2. Select values by moving the yellow cursor via
and keys, then press to validate. The red item
confirms validation.
9.3 Trend mode configuration
This submenu displays the recording list (See para 4.9,
page 14). This shortcut key enables you to specify or
change the configuration of recordings.
45
Reminder: You can record the following values: Press to switch to the following field.
Unit Designation To select the last harmonic: The second field

(above or equal to the start harmonic rank) is
Urms Efficient line voltage (2φ, 3φ). highlighted in yellow. Press . Select the last
harmonic rank to be recorded via , then validate
Vrms Efficient line-to-neutral voltage. via .
Arms Efficient current. Press to switch to the following field.
W Active power. For odd harmonics only:
Press to select or deselect the field. The red item
PF Power factor. shows your selection:
Uthd Harmonic distortion of line voltage (2φ, 3φ). - selected, only odd harmonics between the two
ranks of harmonics specified in the previous
Vthd Full harmonic distortion of line-to-neutral points shall be recorded.
voltage.
- Not selected, all harmonics (even and odd)
Athd Full harmonic distortion of current. between the two ranks of harmonics specified in
the previous points shall be recorded.
VAR Reactive power.
DPF Displacement factor. 9.4 Displaying recording list

Ucf Crest factor of line voltage (2φ, 3φ).
This submenu displays performed recordings. Press the
Vcf Crest factor of line-to-neutral voltage. icon’s yellow key to see the list.
Acf Crest factor of current. The following data is displayed:

1 2
VA Apparent power.
Tan Tangent.
Vunb Line voltage unbalance (2φ, 3φ).
Aunb Current unbalance (2φ, 3φ).
Hz Network frequency.
KF K factor.
? See comment herebelow. TREND02
3 4 5
Specific features for the last two lines
These are set out below: Figure 73: Recording list display screen
Item Function
1 Recording list filling rate. The black cursor

Figure 72: These two lines involve harmonics corresponds to used memory.
These two lines involve the recording of VAh, Ah, Vh 2 Current date and time.
and Uh variable harmonics. You can select the ranks of
harmonics to be recorded (between 0 and 50) for each Continuation of the table on the next page.
of these harmonics and possibly only odd harmonics
within this range. Perform the following:
To enter the value to be recorded: Line is

Select the value (VAh, Ah, Vh and Uh) for which
harmonics shall be recorded via . The red item
shows your selection. Press to validate. The
values field is highlighted in yellow.
Press to switch to the following field.

To select the first harmonic rank: The field is
Select the rank from which harmonics shall be
recorded via , then validate via .
46
3 Recording name.
4 Recording start time.
5 Recording end time.
9.5 Deleting recordings

This submenu is used to deleted recordings. Perform
the following:
yellow key.
2. Select the recording to be deleted via . The
selected field is in boldface.
3. Press to validate the deletion.
Press to quit this submenu without deleting stored
data.
TREND03
Figure 74: Recording list screen in deletion mode.
47
10. POWER AND ENERGY KEY
This key displays measurements for power and This screen displays the following information:
energies.

Sub-menus are listed on the screen below and
mentioned one-by-one in the following paragraphs.
keypad under the screen.
MPE01
Figure 76: the Energy consumed display for the 3

phases (3L)
Unit Designation
W Active power (total if 3φ)
Wh Active energy consumed.

MPE00
VAR Inductive reactive power .
1 2 3 4 5 WARh Reactive energy consumed:
Figure 75: the Power and energy screen
Inductive.
Item Sub-menus See Capacitive.
para.
VA Apparent power (total if 3φ)
1 Display of PF, DPF and Tan. 10.2.3
VAh Apparent energy consumed.
10.3.3
2 Display of energy consumed. 10.2 10.2.2 The Energy consumed display for phase L1
3 Display of energy generated. 10.3 This screen displays the following information:
4 Start of energy metering 10.4
5 Zero resets of the counters. 10.6
10.2 Energy consumed

This sub-menu displays the active power, reactive
power (capacitive and inductive) and apparent power.
10.2.1 The Energy consumed display for the 3
phases (3L) MPE02
Figure 77: the Energy consumed display for phase L1
Unit Designation
Wh Active energy consumed.
VAR Inductive reactive power .
48
WARh Reactive energy consumed:
Inductive.
Capacitive.
VAh Apparent energy consumed.
PF Power factor.
DPF Displacement factor. MPE04
Tan Tangent. Figure 79: the Energy generated display for the 3
phases (3L)
Note: The information displayed for filters L2 and L3 is
Unit Designation
identical to the information described above, but relates
to phases 2 & 3. The filter screen also displays the W Active power (total if 3φ)
Σsame information, but relates to total values.
10.2.3 Display screen Wh Active energy generated.
This screen page is only available for the 3L filter. To VAR Inductive reactive power .
display information, press the yellow key on the keypad
with the icon . WARh Reactive energy generated:
The following data is displayed: Inductive.

Capacitive.
VAh Apparent energy generated.
10.3.2 The Energy generated display for phase L1

This screen displays the following information:
MPE03
Figure 78: the Peak factor display for the 3 phases (3L)
Unit Designation
PF Power factor.
Tan Tangent. MPE05
Figure 80: the Energy generated display for phase L1
10.3 Energy generated Unit Designation

This sub-menu displays active power and energy,
reactive power and energy (capacitive and inductive) Wh Active energy generated.
and apparent power and energy.
10.3.1 The Energy generated display for the 3 VAR Inductive reactive power .
phases (3L)
WARh Reactive energy generated:
This screen displays the following information:
Inductive.
Capacitive.
VAh Apparent energy generated.
49
PF Power factor. 10.6 Zero resets of energy
metering
Tan Tangent. To reset metering, press the yellow key on the keypad
with the icon and the key to confirm.
All energy values (consumed and generated) are reset.
Note: the information displayed for filters L2 and L3 is
identical to the information described above, but relates Note: refer to the diagram of the 4 quadrants for powers
to phases 2 & 3. The filter screen also displays the in paragraph 17.4, p 70.
Σsame information, but relates to total values.
10.3.3 Display screen
This screen page is only available for the 3L filter (see
Figure 78). To display information, press the yellow key
on the keypad with the icon .
This page displays:
• The power factor
• The power displacement factor
• Tangent
10.4 Start of energy metering

This key starts energy metering.
To start metering, press the yellow key on the keypad
with the icon :
- The date and time at which measuring starts will
appear in the upper left hand part of the screen
(item 1).
- The icon appears on the screen (lower right
hand part of the screen).
1
MPE06
Figure 81: the Power and energy mode screen when

starting energy metering
10.5 Stop of energy metering

To stop energy metering, press the yellow key on the
keypad with the icon .
The date and time at which measuring stops will appear
in the upper right hand part of the screen:
Note: if metering is stopped, this interruption is final. No

continued measuring will be possible. All energy meters
will be stopped.
50
11. SCREEN SNAPSHOT KEY
This key can be used to: 1 2 3 4

• Shoot a maximum of 50 screens for future
reference (See para 11.1).
• Display previously saved screen snapshots (See
para 11.2).
Saved screens may then be transferred to a PC using
the PAT application (Power Analyser Transfer).
11.1 Screen shots

Press for approx. 3 seconds to shoot a screen
( ).
The icon will appear in the upper left hand part of PH00
the screen instead of the icon for the active mode

5 6 7 8
during the shoot ( ).
The active mode icon will re-appear when you release Figure 83: example of the display of a list of screen
snapshots
the key: the ALM 35 has saved the image.
Reminder: the ALM 35 can save a maximum of 50 Item Function
st
screen snapshots. If the user attempts to take a 51
screen snapshot, the icon will appear at the top left 1 Reminder of the mode used
hand corner of the screen instead of the icon. 2 Indicator of available image memory. The
black bar shows used memory; the white bar
shows available memory.
5 Browser icon on screen pages. To display

pages, press the yellow keys on the keypad
for these icons.
6 List of saved snapshots:

PH00
Each icon ( ) shows the type of
Figure 82: the display screen for the list of snapshots snapshot saved (recordings, alarm, wave
shapes, etc.) in accordance with the mode
key icons. The date and time of the screen
11.2 Handling of screen snapshots snapshot are mentioned to the right of the
icon.
This function enables the handling of saved screen
7 Display sub-menu for the list of screen
snapshots, i.e.:
snapshots (current sub-menu).
• The display of the list of screen snapshots (See
para 11.2.2). 8 Deletion sub-menu for a screen snapshot.
• The display of one of the screen snapshots (See
para 11.2.3).
• The deletion of one or several of the screen 11.2.2 Viewing of the list of snapshots
snapshots (See para 11.2.4). You may display the list of screen snapshots saved
11.2.1 Available functions when using any active function. Press briefly to
display this list. The screen presents the list of
To enter screen snapshot mode, rapidly press the snapshots (see Figure 83).
key.
Reminder: holding the key in for approximately 3

seconds will trigger the screen snapshot function
(See para 11.1).
51
11.2.3 View of a snapshot from the list 11.2.4 Deletion of a snapshot from the list
To display a snapshot, proceed as follows: To delete a snapshot, proceed as follows:
1. Press . The icon is active and the list of 1. The screen presents the list of snapshots (see
snapshots is displayed (see Figure 83). Figure 83 for example). Select the sub-menu
2. Select the snapshot to be viewed using the (bottom of the screen) by pressing the yellow key on
keys. The date and time of the selected snapshot the keypad with this icon.
are noted in bold. 2. Select the snapshot to be deleted using the
keys. The date and time of the selected snapshot
3. Press to display the selected snapshot. The top
are noted in bold.
left hand side of the screen displays the icon,
alternating with the icon corresponding to the active 3. Press to delete the selected snapshot. The
snapshot has been deleted from the list.
mode ( ).
Press to return to the list of screen snapshots.
Press to return to the list of screen snapshots.
52
12. HELP KEY
The key provides information on the functions and

symbols used for the current display mode.
1 2 3 4
HELP
5 6 7
Figure 84: example of the help page for the power and
energy mode, page 1
Item Function
2 Reminder of the current mode.
5 Help page 1 .
6 Help page 2 .
7 List of information.
53
13. USE
The ALM 35 must be configured in accordance with 13.2 Configuration of the ALM 35
chapter 4 prior to measurements.
The following precautions for use must be complied To configure the ALM 35, proceed as follows:
with:
1. Press when the device is on. The
Do not connect any voltages exceeding 1,000V RMS configuration screen will appear.
in relation to the earth.
When connecting and disconnecting accumulators, 2. Press to select the parameter to be modified.
check that measuring leads are disconnected. Press to enter the selected sub-menu.
13.1 Start-up
Press the key on the keypad to start the ALM 35.
The illuminated indicator (green LED) will light up when
pressed and then go out.
The home page will be displayed during the loading of
the software application. The version of the software
application and the serial number of the ALM 35 are
indicated in the lower left hand part of the screen.
SU00
Figure 87: Configuration screen
Use and to browse and to confirm in the

displayed sub-menu. See paras 4.3 - 4.12 for details.
Note: The following points must be checked or adapted
for each measurement:
Function See
para.
Define the configuration for calculation 4.6
Splash
methods.
Figure 85: initial home page 4.7
Selection of the type of connection (5-wire
The wave shapes page will appear after 5 seconds. single phase/three phase).
Programming of the transformation ratio 4.8

depending on the type of current sensor
connected.
Values to be recorded (trend mode). 4.9
Definition of alarm thresholds. 4.10
Press to return to the Configuration screen.
WF22
Figure 86: wave shapes' screen

The ALM 35 is battery operated only if the battery is
adequately charged. If the battery is not adequately
charged, the alarm message "Low battery, the device
will cease operating shortly" will appear (See para 3.6,
p 9). The device may be used with the specific mains
supply connected to the plug (Figure 4. item 2); the
battery will not be required in this case.
The illuminated indicator will remain lit when the device
is supplied by the specific mains supply. A flashing
indicator implies that the machine is in stand-by mode
when the mains supply is not connected.
54
13.3 Installation of leads Figure 91: 3 or 4 wire three-phase connection
13.3.4 5-wire three phase network
Insert the leads as follows:
1 2
Figure 92: 5-wire three phase connection
Figure 88: upper connectors 13.4 Wave shape capture

Item Function
Reminder: all screens can be saved (screen snapshot)
1 4 current input connectors for current sensors by pressing the key. See chapter 11, page 51.
(MN clamp,
C clamp, AmpFLEX™, PAC clamp, etc.). Press when the ALM 35 has a power supply and
is connected to the network (current and voltage
2 5 voltage input connectors measuring leads).
13.4.1 Display of the Transition mode
Connect the measuring leads to the ALM 35 as
follows: See para 5.2, page 17.
Current measurement: 4-point connector (item 1). Do 13.4.2 Display of the inrush current mode
not forget to define the transformation ratio on the See para 5.3, page 20.
current sensor (See para 4.8 page 13).
Measurement of the voltage (item 2): L1/A, L2/B,
L3/C & N/D terminals. 13.5 Display of harmonics
Measuring leads are connected to the circuit to be Reminder: all screens can be saved (screen snapshot)
studied according to the following diagrams.
by pressing the key. See chapter 11, page 51.
13.3.1 Single phase network
Press when the ALM 35 has a power supply and
measuring leads).
13.5.1 Single voltage display
See para 6.2, page 24.
13.5.2 Current display
Figure89: single phase connection
13.3.2 Two phase network 13.6 Measuring wave shapes

measuring leads).
13.6.1 Display of true RMS measurements
Figure90: two phase connection See para 7.2, page 31.
13.3.3 3 or 4 wire three-phase network 13.6.2 Display of measurements of total harmonic
distorsion
13.6.3 Display of peak factor measurements
13.6.4 Display of extreme and mean values (voltage
and current)
55
13.6.5 Simultaneous display 13.10 Transfer of data to the PC
The PAT transfer software automatically defines the
13.6.6 Display of Fresnel diagram communication speed between the PC and the ALM 35.
See para 7.7, page 39. All measurements taken by the ALM 35 will be
saved. These measurements may be transferred to a
PC for future reference.
13.7 Alarm detection Note: the transfer will not delete the data saved.

by pressing the key. See chapter 11, page 51. 13.11 Deleting data
Press when the ALM 35 has a power supply and Data saved may be deleted prior to a new test run to
is connected to the network (current and voltage free memory. See para 4.11 page 16.
measuring leads).
13.7.1 Configuration of alarm mode
13.12 Turning the ALM 35 off
Configure the values to be monitored in accordance
with paragraph 8.2, page 41.
Press the key to turn the ALM 35 off.
13.7.2 Programming of an alarm run
The ALM 35 may not be turned off during recording
See para 8.3, page 42. (See para 9.2.2, page 45) without confirmation. The
following message will appears:
13.7.3 Auto power-off
The alarm recording run will automatically be stopped at
the End time and date programmed by the operator.
13.7.4 Manual cut-off Sdown
Use the function in accordance with paragraph 8.3.3, Select Yes or No using the keys, and press to
page 42. validate.
13.7.5 Display of the alarm log • If No is selected, the recording will continue.
• If Yes is selected, the data recorded until that point
See para 8.4, page 42. will be saved and the device will turn off.
13.7.6 Deletion of the alarm log
See para 8.5, page 43. 13.13 Supply of the ALM 35
13.13.1 Battery recharge
13.8 Recording
See para 3.6.3, page 9.
Reminder: all screens can be saved (screen snapshot) 13.13.2 Mains operation
See para 3.6.6, page 10.
measuring leads).
13.8.1 Configuration of recording
13.8.2 Programming of recording
13.9 Measurement of energy


measuring leads).
13.9.1 Measurement of energy consumed
13.9.2 Measurement of energy generated
56
14. MAINTENANCE
14.1 Important recommendation .

14.6 Repairs
Only use specified spare parts for maintenance. The 14.6.1 Repairs under guarantee and outside
manufacturer cannot be held liable for any accident guarantee
occurring following repairs carried out by a third-party to
its after-sales service or approved repairers. Please send your Load Manager to Manaco EnerGy
Solutions, Chennai.
Information and contact details on request:
14.2 Battery recharge Tel.: (044) 4231 6164
Battery charging is managed by the device when Fax: (044) 4231 6165
connected to the AC network via the specific mains
supply.
Accumulator batteries must be changed off-load for 14.7 Sensors
safety reasons and to ensure the correct operation
of the charger. Current sensors must be maintained and calibrated as
follows:
Do not throw accumulators into flames.
Clean with a sponge and soapy water, rinse with
Do not expose accumulators to heat in excess of clean water and dry rapidly.
100 °C.
Keep the clamp spacers (MN93, MN93A, C193 &
Do not short circuit accumulator terminals. PAC93) in an entirely clean condition using a cloth.
Lightly oil visible metal parts to avoid rust.
Note: the date and time of the device will be retained
for one minute after the removal of the battery.
14.3 Cleaning the casing

Clean the unit with a cloth and a little soapy water. Wipe
over with a damp cloth.
Do not use any solvents.
14.4 Replacing the screen film

Proceed as follows to replace the screen film of the
ALM 35:
1. Remove the former screen film.
2. Remove the plastic film from the new screen film
using the white tab.
3. Place the adhesive section of the film against the
screen of the ALM 35. Smooth the film with a
clean cloth to remove any air bubbles.
14.5 Metrological verification

Regular checks must be carried out on the ALM
35 as is the case for all measurement and test
devices.
An least one annual verification is recommended for
this device. For checks and calibration, contact
Manaco EnerGy Solutions, Chennai
.
Please contact:
Tel.: 044 - 4231 6164
Fax: 044 - 4231 6165
E-mail: support@mes.co.in
.
57
15. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
15.1 Casing Nominal 1.2 V per element, i.e. a total of 9.6

voltage: V
Housing: rigid cast housing with a yellow Life duration: a minimum of 500 recharge-
thermo-adhesive elastomer. discharge cycles
Connectors: 5 for voltage measurement sockets. Charge 1A
4 special current connectors current:
(automatic recognition of current Charge time: approx. 5 hours
sensors).
a connector for specific mains Service T°: [0 °C; 50 °C]

supply.
Recharge T° [10 °C; 40 °C]
a connector for the USB link.
Storage T° storage ≤ 30 days: [-20 °C; 50 °C]
a connector for the SD memory
board. This connector is located in storage of 30 - 90 days:
the gate behind the ALM 35, under [-20 °C; 40 °C]
the accumulators.
storage of 90 days - 1 year:
Keys: functions, browsing and modes. Use [-20 °C; 30 °C]
with the assigned gloves.
Metal ring: located on the back of the ALM 35 15.2.3 Consumption

to enable the attachment of the
device with a lock. With luminosity at 50%: 300 mA
Stand: to maintain the device at 53° from Display-free stand-by mode: 100 mA
the horizontal.
Gate: to access the accumulators on the

rear of the instrument.
15.3 Range for use
Dimensions: Total: 200 x H 250 x D 67 15.3.1 Environmental conditions
Screen: 320 x 240 pixels 15.3.1.1 Climatic conditions
l 118 mm x H 90 mm The following chart shows conditions relating to ambient
diagonal 148 mm temperature and humidity:
Weight: 1950 g (with accumulators).
15.2 Power supply

15.2.1 Mains power supply
Type: specific external mains supply:

600 V,RMS, category IV – 1000 V,RMS,
category III.
Range for 230 V ± 10 % @ 50 Hz and 120 V ±

use: 10 % @ 60 Hz.
1 = Field of reference.
Max. power: 40 VA.
2 = Range of use
15.2.2 Battery supply Caution: in temperatures above 40 °C, the device
must only be used with the "battery" OR with a
The ALM 35 may be used without any connection to "specific external mains supply" - the simultaneous
the mains supply. The battery also enables the use of use of the battery AND the specific external mains
the ALM 35 in power cuts. supply for the device is prohibited.
3 = Storage range with accumulators.
Battery: 8 rechargeable NiMH accumulators.
4 = Storage range without accumulators.
Capacity: 4000 mAh as a minimum
58
15.3.1.2 Altitude Conducted RF interference (as per IEC 61000-4-6)
Use: [0 m; 2,000 m] Gravity: 3 V on voltage input and supply
Sanctions: CRITERION A
Storage: [0 m; 10,000 m]
Voltage interruption (as per IEC 61000-4-11)
15.3.2 Mechanical conditions
Gravity: 100% loss over a supply period
According to IEC 61010-1, the ALM 35 is considered Sanctions: CRITERION A
as a MOBILE DEVICE (HAND-CARRIED).
15.3.3.2 Emission as per NF EN 61326 - 1 A3
Operating position: indifferent. Class A equipment (no supply – mains).
Reference position during operation: on a horizontal Class B equipment (with supply – mains - unit wire
plane, resting on its stand or lying flat. failure).
Rigidity (IEC 61010-1): force of 30 N applied to the
entire envelope of the supported device (at 40 °C).
15.4 User safety
Chute (IEC 61010-1): 1 m in the position assumed to
be the most damaging; the chute sanction is: no Application of safety rules as per IEC 61010-1.
permanent mechanical damage and no functional (Isolation of voltage input using protective
damage. impedances).
Impermeability: IP 50 as per NF EN 60529 A1 Pollution type 2.
(electric IP2X for terminals).
Installation category IV* and service voltage 600
15.3.3 Electromagnetic compatibility VRMS.
15.3.3.1 Immunity as per NF EN 613261 - 1 A3 Double isolation on I/O in relation to the earth (symbol
Resistance to electrostatic discharges ).
(IEC 61000-4-2)
Double isolation between the voltage and supply
1st level : Gravity : 4 kV in contact input and other I/O (symbol ).
Sanctions : CRITERION A
Indoor use
2nd level : Gravity : 8 kV in the air
(*) Caution: the assigned voltage and measuring
Sanctions : CRITERION A category of the "device + current sensor" unit may differ
Resistance to radiation (as per IEC 61000-4-3 and from the characteristics of the device alone.
IEC 61000-4-8) - the use of AmpFLEX™, of Mini-AmpFLEX and
Gravity: 10 V.m
-1 C clamps mains the "device + current sensor"
Sanctions: CRITERION B (THDA altered on the unit at 600 V category IV or 1000 V category
Rogowsky chain) III.
- the use of PAC, MN93 and MN93A clamps
Resistance to rapid transient bursts (IEC 61000-4-4)
damages the "device + current sensor" unit at
Gravity: 2 kV on voltage input and 300 V category IV or 600 V category III.
supply
- the use of the downgraded 5A adapter damages
1 kV on current input the "device + current sensor" unit at 150 V
Sanctions: CRITERION A category IV or 300 V category III.
Resistance to electric shocks (as per IEC 61000-4-5)
Gravity: 2 kV on voltage input in differential mode
1 kV on voltage input in collective mode
Sanctions: CRITERION A
59
16. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
16.1 Reference Conditions
This table indicates reference conditions for sizes to be used by default in the characteristics indicated in
paragraph16.2.4.
Parameter Reference Conditions
Ambient temperature 23 °C ± 3 K
Humidity (relative humidity) [ 45 % ; 75 % ]
Atmospheric pressure [860 hPa; 1060 hPa]
Phase voltage [50 VRMS; 1000 VRMS ] without DC (< 0.5 %)
[30 mVRMS; 1 VRMS] without DC (< 0.5 %)

Standard current circuit input voltage
N.B. Inom 1 VRMS and 3 × Inom ÷ 100 30 mVRMS
[11.73 mVRMS;; 117.3 mVRMS ] without DC (< 0.5 %)

Rogowski current circuit input voltage Inom 117.3 mVRMS at 50 Hz
Inom ÷ 10 11.73 mVRMS at 50 Hz
Frequency of electricity network 50 Hz ± 0.1 Hz and 60 Hz ± 0.1 Hz
Dephasing 0° (active power) and 90° (reactive power)
Harmonics < 0,1 %
Voltage unbalance < 10 %
Admissible overload: 1.7 V.

16.2 Electrical characteristics The AmpFLEX™ configuration switches the current
input to an integrator assembly (‘Rogowski’ channel)
16.2.1 Voltage input characteristics able to interpret the signals issued by the Rogowski
sensors. The input impedance is reduced to 12.4 kΩ in
Range for 10 VRMS to 1000 VRMS AC+DC
this case.
use:
phase-phase & phase-neutral
(provided for respect in category III in
1000 Vrms compared to earth)
Input 969 kΩ (between phase and neutral

impedance : and between neutral and earth)
Admissible 1.2 x Vnom (constant)

overload:
2 x Vnom (for one second).
16.2.2 Current input characteristics
Operating range: [0 V; 1 V]
Input impedance : 1 MΩ.
60
16.2.3 Bandwidth
Means of 256 points per period, i.e.:

measurement:
Per 50 Hz: 6.4 kHz

(256 × 50 ÷ 2).
Per 60 Hz: 7.68 kHz
(256 × 60 ÷ 2).
Analog at -3 dB: > 10 kHz.
16.2.4 Characteristics of the device alone

(excluding the current sensor)
The following data apply for ideal current sensors (full
linearity and no phase displacement). Current
characteristics (and derived values) are specified for
each of the two configurations respectively: "excluding
AmpFLEX™ & Mini-AmpFLEX" and "AmpFLEX™ &
Mini-AmpFLEX".
61
Measurement scope
Maximum error in
Display
Measuring the
resolution
field of reference
Minimum Maximum
Frequency 40 Hz 69 Hz 0.01 Hz ±(1 pt)

0.1 V
±(0.5 % + 2 pts)
Phase voltage V < 1000 V
10 V 1,000 V(1)
TRMS 1V
±(0.5 % + 1 pt)
V ≥ 1000 V
0.1 V
±(0.5 % + 2 pts)
Composite voltage V < 1000 V
10 V 2,000 V(2)
TRMS 1V
±(0.5 % + 1 pt)
V ≥ 1000 V
0.1 V
±(1 % + 5 pts)
V < 1000 V
DC voltage 10 V 1000 V
1V
±(1 % + 1 pt)
V ≥ 1000 V
Excluding 0.1 A
±(0.5 % + 2 pts)
AmpFLEX™ Inom ÷ 1000 1.2 × Inom I < 1000 A
& [A] [A] 1A
Current Mini-AmpFLEX ±(0.5 % + 1 pt)
I ≥ 1000 A
TRMS 0.1 A
AmpFLEX™
I < 1000 A
& 10 A 6500 A ±(0.5 % + 1 A)
1A
Mini-AmpFLEX
I ≥ 1000 A
0.1 A
I < 1000 A
Direct current 1A 1200 A(3) ±(1 % + 1 A)
1A
I ≥ 1000 A
Excluding
AmpFLEX™ Inom ÷ 1000 1.7 × Inom 0.1 A
& [A] [A](4) I < 1000 A
Peak current Mini-AmpFLEX ±(1 % + 1 A)
AmpFLEX™
1A
& 10 A 9,190 A(5)
I ≥ 1000 A
Mini-AmpFLEX
Excluding 0.1 A
AmpFLEX™ Inom ÷ 100 1.2 × Inom I < 1000 A
±(1 % + 1 A)
& [A] [A] 1A
Half-period Mini-AmpFLEX I ≥ 1000 A
TRMS
current(7) 0.1 A
AmpFLEX™
I < 1000 A
& 100 A 6500 A ±(1.5 % + 4 A)
Mini-AmpFLEX 1A
I ≥ 1000 A
0.1 V
V < 1000 V
Peak phase voltage 10 V 1414 V(6) ±(1 % + 1 V)
1V
V ≥ 1000 V
0.1 V
U < 1000 V
Peak composite voltage 10 V 2828 V(7) ±(1 % + 1 V)
1V
U ≥ 1000 V
(1) In 1000 VRMS, category III, providing that voltage between each of the terminals and the earth does not exceed
1000 VRMS.
(2) Two phase (opposite phases) – same note as (1).
(3) Limitation of the PAC clamp.
(4) 1, 2 × I nom × 2 = 1, 7 × I nom
(5) 6500 × 2 = 9190

(6) 1000 × 2 = 1414
(7) 2000 × 2 = 2828
62
Measurement scope
Maximum error
Display
Measuring in
resolution
the field of reference
Minimum Maximum
0.1 V
Phase voltage TRMS V < 1000 V
±(0.8 % + 1 V)
(1)
10 V 1,000 V
half-period(3) 1V
V ≥ 1000 V
0.1 V
Composite voltage TRMS U < 1000 V
±(0.8 % + 1 V)
(2)
10 V 2,000 V
half-period(3) 1V
U ≥ 1000 V
1 3,99 0,01 ±(1 % + 2 pts)

Peak factor
4 9,99 0,01 ±(5 % + 2 pts)
Excluding ±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™ 1V Cos φ ≥ 0.8
0Ω 9999 kW
& U ≥ 1000 V ±(1.5 %+10 pts)
Mini-AmpFLEX 0,2 ≤ Cos φ < 0.8
Active power
±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™ Cos φ ≥ 0.8
& 0Ω 9999 kW 4 digits
Mini-AmpFLEX ±(1.5 %+10 pts)
0.5 ≤ Cos φ < 0.8
Excluding ±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™ Sin φ ≥ 0.5
Reactive 0 VAR 9999 kVAR 4 digits
& ±(1.5 %+10 pts)
powers Mini-AmpFLEX
0.2 ≤ Sin φ < 0.5
inductive ±(1.5 %)
& AmpFLEX™ Sin φ ≥ 0.5
capacitive & 0 VAR 9999 kVAR 4 digits
Mini-AmpFLEX ±(2.5 %+20 pts)
0.2 ≤ Sin φ < 0.5
Apparent power 0 VA 9999 kVA 4 digits ±(1 %)
±(1.5 %)
Cos φ ≥ 0.5
Power factor -1 1 0,001
±(1.5 %+10 pts)
0,2 ≤ Cos φ < 0.5
(1) In 1000 VRMS, category III, providing that voltage between each of the terminals and the earth does not exceed
1000 VRMS.
(2) Two phase (opposite phases) – same note as (1).
(3) Caution: The absolute value of offset must not exceed 95% of peak amplitude.
In other words, s(t) = S × sin(ωt) + O, we have |O| ≤ 0.95 × S (with positive S).
MAX and MIN values in wave shape mode and the values VRMS and ARMS (excluding neutral channels) in Alarm and Inrush
current modes are half-period values.
Note: the uncertainties given for power and energy measurements are maximum for |Cos φ| = 1 or |Sin φ| = 1 and are
typical for other phase displacement values.
63
Measurement scope
Maximum error
Display
Measuring in
resolution
Minimum Maximum the field of reference
Excluding ±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™ Cos φ ≥ 0.8
0 Wh 9999 MWh 4 digits
& ±(1,5 %)
Active Mini-AmpFLEX 0,2 ≤ Cos φ < 0.8
energy ±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™
Cos φ ≥ 0.8
& 0 Wh 9999 MWh 4 digits
Mini-AmpFLEX ±(1,5 %)
0,5 ≤ Cos φ < 0.8
Excluding ±(1 %)
AmpFLEX™ Sin φ ≥ 0.5
Reactive 0 VARh 9999 MVARh 4 digits
& ±(1,5 %)
energies Mini-AmpFLEX 0,2 ≤ Sin φ < 0.5
inductive ±(1.5 %)
& AmpFLEX™ Sin φ ≥ 0.5
capacitive & 0 VARh 9999 MVARh 4 digits
Mini-AmpFLEX ±(2,5 %)
0,2 ≤ Sin φ < 0.5
Apparent energy 0 VAh 9999 MVAh 4 digits ±(1 %)
Dephasing -179° 180° 1° ±(2°)
0.001
Tangent Tan φ < 10
-32.76 32.76 ±(1°) for φ
VA ≥ 50 VA 0.01
Tan φ ≥ 10
±(1°) for φ
Displacement factor
-1 1 0.001 &
(DPF)
±(5 pts) for DPF
Harmonic rates
∈ [1; 50]
(VRMS > 50 V)
Excluding AmpFLEX™
&
Mini-AmpFLEX 0% 999,9 % 0,1 % ±(1 % + 5 pts)
(IRMS > 3 × Inom ÷ 100)
AmpFLEX™
&
Mini-AmpFLEX
(IRMS > Inom ÷ 10)
Harmonic angles
(VRMS > 50 V)
±(3°)
Excluding AmpFLEX™
& ∈ [1; 25]
Mini-AmpFLEX -179° 180° 1°
(IRMS > 3 × Inom ÷ 100)
AmpFLEX™
& ±(10°)
Mini-AmpFLEX ∈ [26; 50]
(IRMS > Inom ÷ 10)
Global harmonic rate
(THD or THD-F) 0% 999,9 % 0,1 % ±(1 % + 5 pts)
rank ≤ 50
Distorsion factor
(DF or THD-R) 0% 999,9 % 0,1 % ±(1 % + 10 pts)
≤ 50
Factor K 1 99,99 0,01 ±(5 %)
Unbalance
0% 100 % 0,1 % ±(1 %)
(three phase network)
64
16.2.5 Current sensor characteristics (after The RMS current measurement error and phase error
linearisation) correspond to additional errors (added to device errors)
indicated as parameters for the calculations carried out
Sensor errors are offset by typical correction inside the by the analyser (power, energy, power factors,
device. This typical correction is applied for phase and tangents, etc.).
amplitude depending on the type of sensor connected
(detected automatically) and the gain in the current
acquisition channel required.
65
Maximum
Maximum
Type of sensor Current TRMS error
φ
error forφ
for IRMS
[1 A; 10 A] N.S.
±(1.5 % + 1 A)
[10 A; 100 A] ±(2°)
PAC93 clamp
1000 A [100 A; 800 A] ±(3 %)
±(1,5°)
[800 A; 1200 A] ±(5 %)
[1 A; 3 A] N.S.
±(0,8 %)
C193 clamp
[3 A; 10 A] ±(1°)
1000 A [10 A; 100 A] ±(0,3 %) ±(0,5°)
[100 A; 1200 A] ±(0,2 %) ±(0,3°)
AmpFLEX™ A193 [10 A; 100 A] ±(3 %) ±(1°)
6500 A [100 A; 6500 A] ±(2 %) ±(0,5°)
Mini-AmpFlex MA193 [10 A; 100 A] ±(3 %) ±(1°)
6500 A [100 A; 6500 A] ±(2 %) ±(0,5°)
[0.5 A; 2 A] N.S.
±(3 % + 1 A)
MN93 clamp [2 A ; 10 A[ ±(6°)
200 A [10 A; 100 A] ±(2.5 % + 1 A) ±(3°)
[100 A; 240 A] ±(1 % + 1 A) ±(2°)
[100 mA; 300 mA] N.S.
MN93A clamp ±(0.7 % + 2 mA)
[300 mA; 1 A] ±(1,5°)
100 A
[1 A; 120 A] ±(0,7 %) ±(0,7°)
[5 mA; 50 mA] ±(1 % + 0.1 mA) ±(1,7°)
MN93A clamp
[50 mA ; 500 mA[ ±(1 %)
5A ±(1°)
[500 mA; 6 A] ±(0,7 %)
Adapter [5 mA; 50 mA] ±(1 %) ±(1°)
5A [50 mA; 6 A] ±(0,5 %) ±(0°)
N.S. = "Not Specified"
66
17. APPENDICES
This chapter presents the mathematical formulae used 17.1.3 Minimum and maximum half-cycle efficient
for calculating different parameters for C.A.8335. values (excluding neutral)
Vmax i = max( Vdem i ) , Vmin i = min( Vdem i )
17.1 Mathematical formulae Umax i = max( Udem i ) , Umin i = min( Udem i )
17.1.1 Network frequency and sample Amax i = max( Adem i ) , Amin i = min( Adem i )
The sample is applied to the network frequency to 17.1.4 Flicker for voltages (ex neutral)
obtain 256 samples per period of 40Hz to 70Hz.
Feedback is essential for calculating reactive power, Method inspired by the CEI 61000 – 4 –15 standard.
imbalance and harmonic rates and angles.
Input values are simple half-cycle voltages. Blocks 3
Frequency measurement is determined by analysing and 4 are created digitally. The classifier of block 5 has
seven passes by zero positive and consecutive on the 128 levels.
first voltage channel (V1) or the first current channel (I1)
The Vflk[i] values are updated every 10 minutes.
after digital low-pass filtering and deletion of the
continuous component. 17.1.5 Peak values for voltages and currents
The precise temporal measurement of the zero pass i=3 neutral – except for Upp and Upm
point is achieved by linear interpolation between two
Vpp i = max( V i n ) , Vpm i = min( V i n ) n ∈ 0..NECHPER -1
samples to achieve better solution than 0.002%.
Upp i = max( U i n ) , Upm i = min( U i n ) n ∈ 0..NECHPER -1
Signals are acquired with a 16 bit converter and (in the
event of current acquisition) dynamic gain switches. App i = max( A i n ) , Apm i = min( A i n ) n ∈ 0..NECHPER -1
17.1.2 Efficient values of half-cycle voltage and

current (excluding neutral) Peak factors for voltages (ex neutral)
Peak factor for simple phase i+1 voltage
Simple phase I+1 half-cycle voltage
max(Vpp[i], Vpm[i])
Zéro suivant
Vcf [i ] =
Vdem[i ] = ⋅ ∑ V [i ][n]
1 2
NECHPER −1
⋅ ∑V [i ][n ]
NechDemPer n:Zéro 1 2
NECHPER n =0
Efficient phase I+1 half-cycle voltage

Zéro suivant Peak factor for composite phase i+1 voltage
Udem[i ] = ⋅ ∑ U [i ][n]
1 2
max(Upp[i], Upm[i])
NechDemPer n: Zéro Ucf [i ] =
NECHPER −1
⋅ ∑U [i ][n ]
1 2
Efficient phase I+1 half-cycle current NECHPER n =0
Zéro suivant
Adem [i ] = ⋅ ∑ A[i ][n ]
1 2
NechDemPer n:Zéro Phase i+1 current peak factor

max(App[i], Apm[i])
Note: these values are calculated for each half-cycle so Acf [i ] =
NECHPER −1
⋅ ∑ A[i ][n ]
as not to miss any fault. 1 2
NECHPER n =0
17.1.6 Efficient values 1s of voltage and current

(i = 3 neutral – except Urms)
Simple efficient voltage i+1
NechSec −1
Vrms[i ]= 1 ⋅ ∑ V [i ][n ]
2
NechSec n=0
67
Efficient composite voltage phase i+1
17.1.9 Harmonic distortions (ex neutral)
NechSec−1
1
Urms i = ⋅ ∑U i n
2
Te Two global values giving the relative quality of
NechSec n =0 harmonics are calculated: The THD in proportion of the
fundamental and the DF in proportion to the RMS value.
Efficient current phase i+1
50 50 50
∑Vharm[i][n] ∑Uharm[i][n] ∑ Aharm[i][n]

2 2 2
NechSec −1
1 Vthd[i] = , Uthd[i ] = , Athd[i] =
∑Ai
n=2 n=2 n=2
Arms i = ⋅ n Vharm[i ][1] Uharm[i ][1] Aharm[i ][1]
NechSec n =0
50 50 50
NechSec: Number of samples in a second ∑Vharm[i ][n] 2

∑Uharm[i ][n] 2
∑ Aharm[i ][n] 2
Vdf [i ] = , Udf [i ] = , Adf [i ] =

n=2 n =2 n=2
Vrms[i ] Urms[i ] Arms[i ]

17.1.7 Voltage and current imbalances
Calculated from filtered values (1s) VFrms and Afrms By multiplying the voltage harmonic rates by the current
(ideally signal fundamentals) harmonic rates, we calculate the power harmonic rates.
j
2π By differentiating the voltage harmonic angles with the
(opérations vectorielles par notation complexe avec : a = e 3
) current harmonic angles, we calculate the power
harmonic angles.
Vrms + = ( VFrms[0] + a ⋅ VFrms[1] + a 2 ⋅ VFrms[2]) tension directe
1
3 VAharm[3][51] , VAph[3][51]
Vrms − = ( VFrms[0] + a 2 ⋅ VFrms[1] + a ⋅ VFrms[2]) tension inverse
1
3 17.1.10 Factor K
Vrms − Arms −
Vunb = , Aunb = Factor K for phase i+1
Vrms + Arms + n = 50
∑n ⋅ Aharm i n
2 2
17.1.8 Harmonic calculations (ex neutral) n =1

Akf i = n = 50
These calculations are carried out by FFT (16 bits)
∑ Aharm i
2
n
1024 points, in four periods without windowing (see CEI n =1
1000-4-7). Using real parts bk and imaginary parts ak,
the rate is calculated for each rank and each phase 17.1.11 Different power 1s (ex neutral)
(Vharm[3][51], Uharm[3][51] and Aharm[3][51]) in
Active power phase i+1
relation to the fundamental value and the angles NechSec −1
1
Vph[3][51], Uph[3][51] and Aph[3][51] in relation to the Wi = ⋅ ∑ V i n ⋅ A i n Puissa
fundamental. NechSec n = 0
This calculation is carried out according to the following
principle: Apparent power phase i+1
c VA i = Vrms i ⋅ Arms i
Module as % mod k = k × 100
c1
Reactive power phase i+1
a 
Angle in degrees ϕ k = arctan k  NechSec −1
 bk  VAR [i ]= 1 ⋅ ∑VF [i ][n − NECHPER / 4 ]⋅ AF [i ][n ]
NechSec n=0
 c = b + ja = a + b 2 2
 k or VAR[i]= VA[i] −W[i] if calculation method with
k k k k 2 2
 1 1024  kπ 
bk = 512 ∑ Fs × sin 512 s + ϕ k 
harmonics.
 s =0   Reactive powers are calculated by using filtered signals
with 
1 1024
 kπ  (without harmonics) in accordance with EDF rules or
 ak = ∑
512 s =0
Fs × cos
 512
s + ϕk 

from apparent and active energies (with harmonics).
 The choice of calculation is left up to the user.
 1 1024
Total active power
 c0 =

∑ Fs
1024 s =0 W[3] = W[0] + W[1] + W[2]
Total apparent power
Ck : amplitude of the component with a frequency of VA[3] = VA[0] + VA[1] + VA[2]
k
f k = f1 Total reactive power
4 VAR[3] = VAR[0] + VAR[1] + VAR[2]
Fs : sample signal
Co : continuous component
K ordinal number (spectral line range)
68
Generated apparent power phase i+1
17.1.12 Different rates (ex neutral)
VA[i ]
Wi VAh [1][i ] = ∑
PF i = Facteur de puissance phase i +1 Tint 3600
VA i
DPF i = cos( φ i ) Facteur de déplacement phase i +1 Generated inductive reactive power phase i+1
VAR [i ]
Tan i = tan( φ i ) Tangente phase i + 1 VARhL [i ] = ∑ for VAR [i ] ≥ 0
Tint 3600
Cosine angle between voltage fundamental and i + 1

phase current Generated capacitive reactive power phase i+1
NechSec−1
VAR[i ]
∑VF i n ⋅ AF i n VARhC[i ] = ∑ for VAR[i] ≤ 0
Tint 3600
φ i )=
cos(φ n=0
c
NechSec −1 NechSec−1
∑VF i n ⋅ ∑ AF i
2 2
n Total generated active power
n =0 n=0
Wh[1][3] = Wh[1][0] + Wh[1][1] + Wh[1][2]
PF[0] + PF[1] + PF[2]
PF[3] = Facteur de puissance total Total generated apparent power
3
DPF[0] + DPF[1] + DPF[2]
DPF[3] =
VAh[1][3] = VAh[1][0] + VAh[1][1] + VAh[1][2]
Facteur de déplacemen t total
3
Tan [0] + Tan[1] + Tan[2]
Tan[3] = Tangente totale Total generated reactive capacitive power
3
VARhC[1][3] = VARhC[1][0] + VARhC[1][1] + VARhC[1][2]
17.1.13 Different energies (ex neutral)
Total generated reactive inductive power
• Case 1 consumed energy (W[i] ≥ 0) VARhL[1][3] = VARhL[1][0] + VARhL[1][1] + VARhL[1][2]
Consumed active power phase i+1
W [i ]
Wh [0][i ] = ∑ 17.2 Hysteresis
Tint 3600
Hysteresis is a principle of filtration that is often used

Consumed apparent power phase i+1 after a threshold detection stage in Alarm mode
VA[i ]
VAh[0][i ] = ∑
(See para4.10 page 15). Correct regulation of the
3600 hysteresis value avoids repeated status changes when
Tint
the measurement oscillates around the threshold.
Consumed reactive power phase i+1 17.2.1 Surge detection

VAR[i]
VARhL[0][i] = ∑ pour VAR[i] ≥ 0
For a hysteresis of 2%, for example, the level of return
Tint 3600 for surge detection is equal to (100 %-2 %) or 98 % of
the reference voltage threshold.
Consumed capacitive reactive power phase i+1

− VAR[i ]
VARhC[0][i ] = ∑ pour VAR[i] ≤ 0
Tint 3600
Total consumed active power

Wh[0][3] = Wh[0][0] + Wh[0][1] + Wh[0][2]
17.2.2 Detection of under-voltage or interruption
Total consumed apparent power
VAh[0][3] = VAh[0][0] + VAh[0][1] + VAh[0][2] For a hysteresis of 2%, for example, the level of return
in the event of under-voltage detection is equal to (100
%+2 %) or 102 % of the Uref voltage threshold.
Total consumed reactive capacitive power
VARhC[0][3] = VARhC[0][0] + VARhC[0][1] + VARhC[0][2]
Total consumed reactive inductive power

VARhL[0][3] = VARhL[0][0] + VARhL[0][1] + VARhL[0][2]
• Case 2: generated energy (W[i] < 0)

Generated active power phase i+1
W [i ]
Wh [1][i ] = ∑
Tint 3600
69
17.3 Minimum scale values for waveforms and minimum RMS values
Type of current sensor Min RMS current value [A] Min scale value for current [A]
AmpFLEX™ 6500 A 30 60
Mini-AmpFLEX 6500 A 30 60
PAC93 1000 A clamp 1 10
C193 1000 A clamp 0.5 10
MN93 200 A clamp 0.5 2
MN93A 100 A clamp 0.2 1
MN93A clamp probe 5 A (Primary × 5) ÷ (Secondary × 1000) (Primary × 5 x 10) ÷ (Secondary × 1000)
5 A adaptor (Primary × 5) ÷ (Secondary × 1000) (Primary × 5 x 10) ÷ (Secondary × 1000)
• For all types of current sensors
ARMS < [minimum value of displayed current] ⇒ [ARMS = APP = APM = W = VA = VAR = W DC = AMAX = AMIN = AhMOD = AhANG =
0] AND [flattening of displayed current rates] AND [ACF = KF = ATHD = ADF = not calculated and not displayed] AND [VAFANG =
AFANG = PF = DPF = Tan = not calculated and not displayed]
• For MN 93A clamp and 5 A adaptor

- Primary ∈ [1 ; 2999] [A]
- Secondary ∈ [1 ; 5] [A]
[minimum displayed current value] <0.2⇒ [minimum displayed current value] = 0.2
[minimum current scale value] < 1 ⇒ [minimum current scale value] = 1
VRMS < 10 V ⇒ [VRMS = VPP = VPM = W = VA = VAR = W DC = VMAX = VMIN = VhMOD = VhANG = 0] AND
[flattening of displayed voltage rates] AND [VCF = PST = VTHD = VDF = not calculated and not displayed] AND [VAFANG =
VFANG = PF = DPF = Tan = not calculated and not displayed]
URMS < 10 V ⇒ [URMS = UFRMS = UPP = UPM = UMAX = UMIN = UhMOD = UhANG = 0] AND [flattening of displayed voltage
rates] AND
[UCF = UTHD = UDF = not calculated and not displayed] AND [UFANG = not calculated and not displayed]
Note: the minimum RMS voltage value is 10V. The minimum scale value for the waveform is 20V
17.4 Diagram of the 4 quadrants
This diagram is used as part of measuring power and

energy (see chapter 10 Page 48 )
Figure 93: diagram of the 4 quadrants
70
17.5 Mechanism for triggering transient sensors
The sample rate is a constant value equivalent to 256 samples per cycle. When a transient search is launched, each
sample is compared to the sample from the preceding cycle. The preceding cycle matches the middle of the tube; it is
used as a reference. As soon as a sample leaves the tube, the trigger event comes; representation of the transient is
then captured by the ALM 35. The cycle preceding the event and the three following cycles are saved to memory.
Here is a graphical representation of the transient capture trigger mechanism:
Here are the tube half-widths for voltage by type of sensor:

Threshold 100 % 50 % 20 % 10 % 5% 2% 1% Type
199,79 99,88 39,96 19,97 9,97 3,98 1,98 MN 200 A
99,90 49,94 19,98 9,98 4,99 1,99 0,99 MN 100 A
2997 1498 599 299 150 60 30 MN 5 A / Adapter box 5 A [3000 / 1]
Pipe half-width (L) 0,9990 0,4994 0,1998 0,0998 0,0499 0,0199 0,0099 MN 5 A / Adapter box 5 A [1 / 1]
999,0 499,4 199,8 99,8 49,9 19,9 9,9 SR-C / MR-PAC 1000 A
3002 1500 600 300 150 59 29 AmpFLEX / MiniFLEX 3000 A
499,0 249,5 99,8 49,8 24,9 9,9 5,0 Voltage 500 V
17.6 Sensor conditions in Ringing Current mode.

Reminder: Sensors depend on the trigger event and a stop event. If capture ends with a stop event or if the save
memory of the ALM 35 is full, capture stops automatically.
The stop threshold for capture is calculated as follows:
[End threshold [A]] = [Start threshold [A]] × (100 – [End hysteresis [%]]) ÷ 100
Here are the conditions for triggering and stopping capture:

Triggering filter type Start and end conditions
Start condition [A1 half-period RMS value] > [Start threshold]
A1
End condition [A1 half-period RMS value] < [End threshold]
A2
A3
3A
Start condition [the half-period RMS value of one current channel] > [Start threshold]
End condition [the half-period RMS values of all current channels] < [End threshold]
71
17.7 Glossary Temporary surge at industrial frequency: temporary
increase in the voltage amplitude at a point in the
Ampere: unit of electrical current intensity (A symbole). electrical power network above a given threshold.
Bandwidth: frequency range on which an instrument Nominal voltage: voltage by which a network is named
supplies a precise measurement. or identified.
Fundamental component: component whose THD: Total Harmonic Distortion. Total harmonic
frequency is the fundamental frequency. distortion. The rate of total harmonic distrotion gives
the influence of harmonic components in a signal.
Cut: reduction in voltage at a point in the electrical
power network below the cut threshold. RMS value square root of the average squares of
values for a specified interval.
Voltage dip: temporary reduction in the voltage
amplitude at a point in the electrical power network Measurement method: all measurement methods
below a given threshold. associated to an individual measurement.
Imbalance in voltage in a polyphased electrical Phase and route: a measurement route

power network: status where efficient values for corresponds to a difference in potential between
voltages between conductors (fundamental component) two conductors. A phase is a simple conductor.
and/or differences in phase between successive In polyphased systems, a measurement route
conductors are not equal can be between two phases or a phase and
neutral or a phase and earth or neutral and
Peak factor relation between the peak value and earth.
efficient value of the current.
Watt : unit of measurement for power (W symbol).
Phase displacement factor: relationship between the
active power and apparent power of the fundamental
component.
Power displacement factor: expresses the difference
between the apparent and active power when and only
when the relationshop of the voltage phase and current
to the fundamental is taken into account.
Factor K number based on the contents of a harmonic
of a charge current that determines the maximum load
on a source of energy. The K factor calculated by the
ALM 35 is measured and compared with the one
specified by the transformer manufacturer. It gives the
percentage of “harmonics load” of the transformer.
Power factor relationship between active and apparent
power
Flicker : The visual effect produced by the variation in
electrical voltage.
Frequency: number of full voltage cycles produced in
one second.
Harmonics voltage and current existing in electrical
material at frequencies that are multiples of the
fundamental frequency.
Hysteresis difference in amplitude between threshold
incoming and outgoing values.
Peak : maximum (+) or minimum (-) peak value of the
signal.
Phase temporal relationship between current and
voltage in alternating current circuits.
PST : (Short term perception). Calculation of flicker over
a ten minute cycle.
PLT : (Long term perception). Calculation of flicker over
a two-hour cycle.
Harmonics level whole number equal to the
relationship between the frequency of the harmonic and
the fundamental frequency.
RMS : Root Mean Square. Efficient value of a current or
voltage.
Dip threshold: specific voltage value to detect the start
and end of a voltage dip.
72
Manaco EnerGy Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
c o n s e r v a t i o n b e g i n s h e r e
In strategic alliance with Alacrity Electronics Limited
Head Office: A-6, Shanti Apts., 21&22, 1St Cross St, TTK Road, Alwarpet, Chennai -18.
Tel: 44- 42316164 Fax: 44- 42316165 Email: sales@mes.co.in www.mes.co.in
Branches:
Ahmedabad : ahm@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93271 02033
Bangalore : blr@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93410 03147
Chennai : chn@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93805 73027
Coimbatore : cbe@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93666 22334
Delhi : del@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93125 46020
Hyderabad : hyd@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93940 43970
Mumbai : mmb@mes.co.in; Ph: +91- 93233 14156
Specifications subject to change without notice.

ALM 35 Manual MES

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

ALM 35 Manual MES

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

R

CAUTION - DANGER! Read the User Manual

Instrument fully protected by double insulation or reinforced insulation.

PRECAUTIONS FOR USE

Basic equipment Power Analyser Transfer (PAT) testing 1

USB type A-B cord. 1 AmpFLEX™ A193 and Mini-AmpFLEX MA193

Slugs and rings to current identify leaves

3.1 Overview 3.2 On/Off key

3.3 Display screen

Item Function See para.

1 Measurement entry 3.5.1

2 Display screen 3.3 EV

Figure2: example of a display screen

12 Connector to specific 3.5.2

13 USB connector 3.5.2

Up/down key prompt Down direction or navigation key

Right direction or navigation key

Active power. Left direction or navigation key

Following page screen

Previous page screen

Trash for deleted or removed elements

Display measurements linked to 48

Screen capture in progress and 51

Item Function Page 2 Connected to the mains power box, it

Help key: provides information on 53 3.6 Power

3.5.1 Measurement entry connectors Icon Charge status

Mobile bars: battery charging

The ALM 35 is powered by the mains

When the capacity of the battery is too low, the

Figure3: upper connectors

Item Function Batt

Alternative and continuous components Urms True effective compound voltage

Alternative component alone Uthd Total compound voltage harmonic

Inductive phase shift. VA Apparent power (total if 3φ)

Capacitive phase shift. VAh Apparent energy

° Degree VAR Reactive power.

-,+ Expert mode VARh Reactive energy

A Intensity in amps Vunb Voltage imbalance (2φ, 3φ).

Acf Crest factor of current. W Active power (total if 3φ)

Ah Current harmonic Wh Active energy

Arms True effective current

Athd Full harmonic distortion of current.

Aunb Current imbalance (2φ, 3φ).

AVG True RMS value calculated on one

CF Peak factor (current or voltage)

DC Continuous component (current or

DPF Displacement factor.

Hz Frequency of network studied

MAX Maximum RMS value

MIN Minimum RMS value

ms Value in thousandth of a second

PEAK Signal maximum (+) or minimum (-) peak

PST Short-term flicker.

RMS True effective value (current or voltage)

THD Total harmonic distortion.

Ucf Compound voltage peak factor

This key configures the ALM 35. The unit should be

Figure 6 : the screen displays sub-menus

Name Sub-menu See

Date/Time Date and time settings 4.3

Figure 8: the Contrast/Brightness menu

To move to the next field, press .

Figure 9: the Colours menu SUB