or Pei You are going to read four comments in a debate PAP " ° ‘choose from the comments A-D. The comments may be 7 ‘about z008. For questions 37-40, chosen more than once Mark your answers on the separate answer sh Zoos Zo0s are notable tourist attractions as well as being centres of research and conservation, However, there is a long-running debate about whether itis right to keep wild animals in captivity, particularly in urban locations. Here are four contributions to a recent online discussion about the subject. A With the destruction of natural habitats in so many parts ofthe world, 2008 play on increasingly important role in conservation. Without their intorvention, many moro of the world’s surviving species would become extinct. Zoos are able to intervene because of thelr expertise, which is developed through long-term, sustained studies atthe z098 themselves, but also in suppor of eld work nthe wild. One advantage of having ths scientific work done in z00s is that it becomes more easly accessible to the wider pubic. Zoos are great vehicles for informing eople of all ages, though particularly younger ones, na direct and memorable way, bout the proper treatment Of animals, and how crucial they are othe world’s ferent ecosystems, This has not always been the case, but modern z008 look after onimals well and, es such, present a valuable model tothe wider population. There have been many bad z00s in the past, but z00 animals today are well-fed and cared for in spacious surroundings. Zoologists and animal psychologists are brought in to design species-appropriate enclosures and activities. Studies of animals in zoos provide information that would be very hard to obtain in the wild, A study of {gorillas at zoos in the UK and the USA, for example, discovered that happiness can increase the primates’ lives by up to 11 years, and findings of this kind are useful for zoologists in both zo0s and the wild. Sadly, 200s" efforts to breed animals that are close to extinction have mostly failed. The issue here is that the odds against reviving 2 species from a tiny captive community are very high. But generally, as institutions of scientific endeavour, 200s are crucial in the wider dissemination of knowledge, skills and values with regard to wildlife c Care of wild animals in captivity tends to be much more humane than it was in the past, but the fact is that 2008 are for commerce and entertainment. Most visitors go to z00s to be diverted by weird and wonderful creatures rather than to learn. One zoo study found that visitors spent less than eight seconds per snake and one minute per lion. What could possibly be learned from that? Itis also widely acknowledged that, despite the best intentions of scientists, most zoo-based attempts to breed species in order to stave off extinction have been strikingly unsuccessful. Captive breeding programmes will only aver work in large nature reserves, Moreover, claims that zoos are ideal locations for studying animal behaviour conveniently ignore the point that environments affect behaviour, and so studies of animals in 200s may only tell us about captive populations anal provide little data about animals in their natural habitats. > However wall intentioned zootepere may be, 2008 can nevar opiate the naturel habitats of most wil seircte’adarocute soo annals are pacholopalyatocted and chen isiey obese me Behaviour Attempts tues zoos fr brosdig tvsoned epects are ts wen eee egesrutivg Ceeeptons they fl to boar, The kay fete apan ls probaly the ose one nen ge a ar Shinalssrpiy Gone reed welimsonfnement The netlon tatoos cn be eae ae al the population cbout midi, ts also wll moan but how much ean vars aes eaten {for sbtog thom in capes sid smal encosures? The ony way to undermond an aceeok ceca ed arma tenet grcearanents ad, tat not possible, ton nad books val gay 9 se in te aalicil sndisbednyg cordial foe 138 cambriage English: Aavanced Test 2 >> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> Pare 6Which writer takos a simil has a different opinion from the others about the well-being of animals kept in 2008? takes a different view from the others regarding 2008 and endangered species in 2008? shares A's opinion of 2008 as centres of research? tips 9: n this part ofthe exam you have to decide four different writers have similar or ciferent about a particular subject. tite an the texte quikly for general ing. the key words in each question. first ext and highlight the sections that relat 10 jn, Remombor to write the question numbers nt placer Do the same for each txt 2cr085 the four texts and compare the parts of thot refer to each question. Read the opinions and decide which ones are similar and wich 137: The key words hore are the rote 2098 play the public. Look at this part of text D: The 7008 Can be places of learning, enlightening the bout witli s algo well mesnt, but how rush View to D regarding the role z008 Play in educating the public? can visitors realy ciscover about wld aniale from seeing thorn in eages and small eneloeures” In D's view, are 2008 tetfectve at educating the public or not? When you have ‘dacided what D thinks, lok through the other texts for & similar view. ‘Question 38: The key wo here are the wel being of ‘rimals kept in zoos. Well-baing can refer to both physical ‘and mental heath. You sr asked to ind ono wrtor ‘xpressing efferent opinion on this pont from tho other {hres A gays this This haa not shways bean the case, but modern z00s look after enim well and, as such, present 2 Valunble modal othe wider population: So A halt good. 8 says 200 animals today a Carod for in specious surtoundings, Zologis payehologite are brought in to design speci relosuroe and activities So, B also says the care Is good Sind the impleation Is that tho animals are healthy. So, how we know tha either Cor D expresso a cifferent vw. Which ones? ‘cambridge English: Advanced Test 2>> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of Engin >> Part 6 RASS als are well cared for and implies tha, as a result, thelr 39mo ‘You are going to read a newspaper article about a sp to tesnagere with behavioural problems. the article, Choose from the paragraphs A. There is one extra paragraph which you do not nee cial erm which provides help eon removed fom Sie poragrops have ni th ene which teach gp 1-8) to se P ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Care farms Before breakfast, two young people head dawn to the woods, strugaling a litle with the heavy bag of food {or the pigs. ‘Scatter them in different piles,’ says the farm staff member. “f you put them in one place, the smaller pigs won't be able to get anything.” The pigs, which are enormous, surge towards us, and their new feeders step backwards. ‘'m not doing that.” says 18-year-old Daniel firmly, a ee The teenagers are part of a group from a London secondary school who are staying at Jamie Fielden’s farm, one of a number of ‘care farms’ providing a ‘type of eco-therapy. The pupils brought here have bbeon chosen by their teachers: 14 year-old Sofia, for example, hes a difficult home life, Georgia, 14, is extremely quiet, and Sam, 13, has challenging behaviour, Serer ea] Besides farmwork, the young people have group sessions with the farm psychotherapist who teaches: them techniques for calming down, or for dealing with difficult situations. They can do “horse-whispering” with her, one-to-one therapy making use of one of the farm horses. Phones and sweets are banned, as part of the focus on creating a calm, supportive atmosphere ‘and reducing overstimulation And the young people seem to be thriving. Aaron, a 12-year-old with serious attendance issues, is clearly ‘taken with the horse whispering: ‘I feel as though the Pea IY Aavanced Test 2 +> PAPER 4 Reading and Use of Engish »» , rk out how to hors i calm and tm calm. | had to work o Speak calmly to make her do what I wanted: sent amen a ‘And this is what Fielden aims to provide. Trained as a acher, he wants to ‘give young people a chance to have the experiences that | had as a kid growing up (on a farm’. He sot up the farm with a couple of othor teachers and his mother, a psychotherapist, a few years ‘ago. The farm’s main source of income is the fees schools pay to send pupils there, and since opening, more than 700 children have attended. Care farms first appeared over a decade ago in the UK. Now, there are more than 80, and they have their own association called Care Farm UK. Founder member lan Egginton-Metters says: ‘There is evidence that ‘green care’ works. Charities give funding for our eco-therapy projects, which are focused around taking psople out of institutions and putting them in the natural environment’ Whatevor the reasons, impact. A week after the in west London from Jamie’ 00 a difference in behaviour. Georgia gave a talk ro per class about her experiences, Sofia’s participatian iy ase i better than it has ever been, and Sam eevs He.wants to go back to the farm next year There iva Goubt amongst the teachers that they will continice Send troubled pupils to the farm in years to come, are 7A Aclassmate, Hasan, describes a similar sense of tranquility. I expected to be really annoyed and bored here, but as soon as we atrived it \was fantastic, There's so much space. You don't get stressed out. There's time to think. Like his, peers, he has a complicated home life and needs support. 8 Along with this, the teachers accompanying them are encouraged to form closer bonds with their charges and to observe the way that farm staff interact with the young people, and the methods they use to get the behaviour they want. © This expansion of the sector is evident, but there are differing explanations as to why care farming iference, ranging from those pointing to the therapeutic aspect of the physical labour ‘and the contact with plants and animals, to thers claiming it is all to do with taking people away from their problems at home, D Before coming here he was sceptical, but no fonger. ‘There's something about coming here, from very chaotic environments, as most of Essential tips ber that in ths pat ofthe test you need to sland the organisation of text~how the Faphs work together. through the mein text first fora general ning of Is evbject and arganietion, feat tho gapped pat what each one le about, for links berwean the main text andthe gapped aphs. Remember that a gapped paragraph may links othe paragraph before itor the paragraph Torta both PTiBlnks may be connected idoos, related vocabulary, Pronouns linking adverbs and expreetione and #9 on Sometimes more than one of th he AG look = more than one ofthe paragraphs A-G lo fPaste fora gap, but there is only one corect answer. Weulook careful, you wil ind reasono to exclude all velocking paragraphs except tho correct ono Pert orget to read trough the completed texto check Histor sence. us camorta ge English: Advanced Test 2 >» 29? PAPER Reading and Use of Engish »» Pare? these young people do, that does them good. You have to work hard, take responsibility, and you're a valued member of the community.’ E Sofia, however, who is a good head shorter than her fellow pupil, moves forward, methodically Pouring out a dozen small heaps under the trees. ‘She's a natural,’ says her supervisor admiringly. Sofia does not look up, but a little smile flickers. across her young face. F An impressive figure, but isn’t it an expensive ‘option for schools? Fielden believes the results justify the cost. Eight out of ten children who stay at the farm show a persistent improvement in behaviour. ‘Head teachers tell me they're rebooking because they're no longer seeing those children in trouble. That’s what we want.’ G_ Most of them, they soon tell me, have never been to the countryside before. For five days, they get up early, eat wholesome food and do various chores dependent on the season. It is summer and they are pulling up coriander from the vegetable beds, feeding animals and helping with the harvest, Question 4: Tho Ft man text paragraph mentions two Young people, a member ofthe farm stat. pige and Dose Who is one ofthe vo young people, f you lock quickly ‘these gapped paragrephs al look possibe: AD, fmt G. In ‘paragraph A, Hasan could be Dania’ classmate, bat done {the test of he frst santonee in AF? In parson fiat sentence seams to fallow from the proves but dove the rest ofD follow? in para Danie's fellow pupil does the rest ‘hey could refer 19 Soffa and Denial, mate sonce st In paragraph G, but doos most of them ‘the frst main paragraph? Auestion 48: The previous paragraph describes what he therapy for the young people consists of. Which paras _ sph aha more ifrmaton about wnat appar eaeh Gunton The fa sentry of th along er a: "And this is what Felden aims to proviog ind this ana Fl Provide, Wat coutapre Eg Fr | Essential tips Remember that inthis part of tho test you read one long txt fre few short txts to find Specie information, which ‘oy include an opinion or the ‘expression of an attitude. structions andthe Read the te ‘Thon, ether skim read the tent first before you read the quostions, of rad the “uestions tet bofore you Skim read the tox. Experiment fd see which ay works beter for you |when you ead the questions, ahi the Rey words that Show you what you should Took forint txt Remember thatthe part ofthe text that ives the answer t0 8 ‘gestion wl almost eerainy fot use the some words, and the meaning may be implied rather than stated leary ‘Also, similar plats may be ‘mode into ortho tox, £0 ‘when you match = question ext, make sure they acy the same meaning. ‘Question 47: A key word hore is funtion Which rviow rors 19 wat the book might be used fr? (Question 48: The key ideas hate are tho style of writing and Cifeult to rea. You a0 UNISlY toring thage exact words in the eviews, But ean you find ony peraphases ofthe? ‘Question 48: The expression of ‘note moans important or wall, ovr Two of he roviews rotor te architeets or buldngs that have Beon left out ofthe Books hitec of books about arc ‘be chosen more ws may (aD). The revies \swer sheet: You are going to read choose from the reviews ure. For questions 47-56, than once. Mar youranewarson he seprma emmy MARAE is the following stat ‘About which book ited? of the book is difficult to determine. “Th exact function Sometimes the style of writing can be ifcut to read. Very few architects or buildings of note are left our of Itcontains examples of well-directed humour Useful references to litle-known architectural work are included. It is based on other writing by the same author. It provides evidence that one view of architects is false It gives @ more accurate account than previous books ‘on the same subject. “The sizeof tis misleading. “The author is rightly eritical of architecture from a particular period. Aa RARE e Bl bell lia lalch 54 Bl 5 A 36Reviews of books about architecture ‘A The Meaning of Homeby Edwin Heathcote This book is so slim and whimsical-looking you could easily mistake it for ‘bookshop candy’ — those cute, little tomes perched around cash registers - but don’t be fooled. While entertaining enough, it also draws on the work of such heavy- hiting ‘intellectuals as Ludwig Wittgenstein, Walter Benjamin and Carl Jung. it grew from Hoathcote’s popular series of newspaper columns but here he expands on those pieces with each of the 34 chapters focussing on an individual household room or a discrete building component (floor, ceiling, roof, etc.). Each chapter is a densely packed mixture of observations and curiosities, elivered in an almost stream-of-consciousness narrative, drawing on tidbits of history, folklore, mythology, philosophy, architectural innovation, scientific research, symbols, rituals and literature, plus cinema and other areas of popular culture. Many of the ideas are fascinating, though some fooms get far more interesting treatment than others - and certain observations (such as the notion thattraditional cellarsin legend, movies, and real life are often dark, creepy places, harbouring unknowns) state the obvious. Nonetheless, ‘what comes across overall is how passionately Heathcote has reconsidered the home and how broadly he has read and observed. B Why We Build by Rowan Moore Fowan Moore, a trained architect and architecture trite for The Observer newspaper, has produced 8 thought-provoking, philosophical look at. the relationship between people and buildings, from the often power-crazed planners and architects to those who come later, and work and live jn them. One could say there are almost two books ere: partly a biography of the brilliant Brazilian architect, Lina Bo Bardi, it is also a much wider exploration of the impetuses behind modern architecture. Moore takes us from the ‘extraordinary artificial Palm Islands in Dubai to the Dome in London, via many buildings, periodically Feturning to descriptions of Bo Bard's poetic ‘and humane work. Justifiably hard-hitting in his treatment of many of the skyscrapers that have Gone up in London in the last two decades, his elegant, sharp wit is regularly put to good use, ig the waste, vanity and muddled-thinking assooiated with many of the larger construction projects, C The Architect's Home by Peter Gossel ‘A favourite fiction about modern architects is that they don't live in their own creations but favour elegant historical houses while condemning others to their concrete monstrosities. The 480 pages devoted to 100 projects by European architects, mostly from the past 100 years, in Peter Gossel’s book amply refute this chargo. Beautifully produced, with well-chosen images. ‘and prose that is informative if not always very digestible, The Architect's Home shows how absolutely wonderful modern architecture can be. We have the fabulous creations of some of the twentieth century architectural greats such as Le Corbusier, Gropius and Aalto, but alongside them Gossel has unearthed a number of unfamiliar gems such as Charlotte Perriand's house in the Savoie mountains of France and the black-painted studio of the Swede, Sigurd Lewerentz. There are a fair number of strange omissions such as Konstantin Melnikov's amazing house in Moscow, but, on the whole, the demonstration that, when given the chance, modern architects do in fact Build adventurous and imaginative homes for themselves is very welcome. D 20th Century World Architecture by Phaidon editors In the middle of the last century, writers such as Nikolaus Pevsner tried to define the architecture of their epoch. Irwas about the inevitable progression to.an architeoture suitable to the machine age. This so-called ‘modern movement’ was led by a small umber of masters -Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier ‘and Mies van der Rohe ~ and its advance was marked out by @ few canonical works, such os villas, exhibition pavilions and factories. When the inevitable reaction came, and traditionalists called for a return of decoration and historical styles, the distilled version of modern architecture promoted by Pevsner and others became a useful caricature. ‘The reality was more complicated, and now ‘the publishers Phaidon have produced this hhuge book to put the record straight. They have largely succeeded. Setting architecture in wider geographical and cultural contexts, the book's ange is highly impressive. It is hard to quibble with any inelusions or exclusions of either people fr their constructions. My only reservation is that it suffers from some uncertainty of purpose. Clearly not a guidebook - with 3800 photographs of 77 buildings it is almost too heavy to lift ~ it's rot quite an encyclopedia either. lorige english: Advanced Test 2 >> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> Parca 43 } Eing and >| feces For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each {98p. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: (O]TINT LL TLL Peer sel Ice water diver Rhian Waller is a marine biologist with a special interest (0) She admits that, as (9) hard to reach, 1000 metres below the ocean's surface, However, (10)... conservation work. shallow (12) .. freezing, but she had never actually dived before. ‘She describes the experience as ‘intense’. Within five minutos (14) the water, her head and hands were completely numb, and she often had (15) (16) ...0« but impossible in the deep ocean. Cambridge Enalish: Advanced Test 2 >> PAPER 1 Readina and Use of Enalish >> Pare 2 1. deep-sea corals. Tittle is known about these corals because they are very known is that they are being damaged by fishing nets, and research is needed to support (11) «1... recently, Rhian had only been able to study the corals through film sent {from robotic submarines, but then some were discovered in Alaskan fjords that were 10 dive in. This was a wonderful opportunity, but two problems faced Rhian initially: (13) ...... only was the water in the fjords scarcely above being in oor visibility she couldn't even see her own elbow. Despite the extreme conditions, however, Rhian’s team were able to gather data on the corals of a kind that is aRven in capitals at tht gi ad sn Use the Wo" os in the same line at fits in the GaP 94, read the text bel For questions 17-24 . word tt ff some of the lines £0 form & fexampie at the beginning () Jur answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on PAPER 1 Reading and.” Wg Peer PAPER 2 Writing the separate answer sheet com PRIESTTBERETBT LEE) __— PAPER 5 Listening eects PAPER 4 Speaking Leaders with long faces Essential HPS 4, ponio)....ceoioninme UsAinite wont cent, PRESENT > Read ough the tot for ion of the taller ofthe two candidates won, This association Serra! ondestnding Pani ei mu coats (17) sass with success is something that has been widely uc Reverie soot | an some ean eserch sugges that peoples INTEREST ech ory av 00 enidence in a potential leader can ago be influenced by how > Remember that some words Vong that person foce sina ae shan one forenge = a prefix anda eu ‘According to Daniel Re, one of the main researchers, our ‘natural ba the wend mended les CAs traction to facial that suggest tallness, as long faces rowsardneieginoin. | uation til (9) that uggs tlnes, a on ‘CHARACTER Stgoi pra dois thought to have evalved ong age when the (20) nu. of SURVIVE > vmen you've fished ha s community depended on choosing the right leader. ‘Especially | tread tecwaan ard | hen wot od with 9 (2). auaon, we som to prefer THREAT l the most dominant looking people for leadership, ho Sov. | ooeston Inthe study, 22). wer asked to manipulate faces on @ VOLUNTARY merlin setae ana freerinaseneee gre | computer seen in ode t make them ook ke peopl they Snore trovld wan as national leader. A significant number chose sae 10 (23) nthe faces, perteualy for male ladorsin afin Lone teefecaromn seeuante | times. Sint pri? Cvestan 2 Th word add ietifanmiataerte | ase tes eimpteten at nto tle oe wepeoni amore abeaet | sected by physical features that are (24)... t0 pol ‘before deciding. a expertise.” oY oe RELEVANT 54 cambridge Englsh: Advanced Test 2 >> PAPER Reading and Use of English >> partshave tho came th fst. that you must not key word in any you must use ond six words, For questions 25-80, complete the socond sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 9 Chloe would only eat pizza if she could have a mushroom topping, on Chloe ‘8 mushroom topping when she had a pizze. ‘The gap can be filled with the words “insisted on having’, so you write: Example: [0 fNSISTED ON HAVING \Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer shoot, 25 | only watched that film because you recommended it to me. NEVER would .. you hadn't recommended it to me. 26 It seems as if we misunderstood what the aims of the course wer BEEN ‘There seems what the aims of the course 27, The traffic was so bed that there was obviously no way we would get to the theatre on time, s0 we went home. STAND “The traffic was so bad thst we obviously didn’t 1 the theatre on time, so we went home. 28 Michelle's brother talks a lot more than she does. NOWHERE Michelle is... vo» her brother 29° There's a rumour that Jordi Marso, the Barcslons manager, has resigned this morning. HANDED Jordi Marse, the Barcelona manager, resignation this morning, 20. 'm sure people will abject tothe idea of building a new runway at the city airport. BOUND There the city airport. cow the idea of building a new runway at ‘cambriage Enolsh: Advonced Test 2>> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of Englsn >> Parca 35)ath to one ofthe questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in Wire an answer ‘on the soparato answer sheet, Putt 60 words nan appropiate style onthe sepa 3 ae tveston name nex at the top a te poe PAPER 3 Usten @ Speaking 2 A-couple of years ago you did a Volunteering Abroad programme in South ‘Alrea. Your 17-year-old cousin, Dan, i thinking of doing the same thing ond ag \wrtten to you asking about it Read the extract from Dan's emal “Tho animal consorvation work you did sounds interesting - ean you tell me abit more about it for example, which animals did you work ‘with? I dofnitely hape to do alot of travelling while frm thare too, Can you suggest anywhere I can visit? I suppose what I’m wondering ‘more than anything is whether you think I'l enjoy i Thanks, Paull Dan Essential tips Note posible Part 2 ask ypes ‘29pear on every pape. For ‘ample, you couls be asked to produce eter Wornel or informe oF you could be asked ‘The reviow question could be ‘befed on 3 Book or fim, but you might sso be asked to Feview @ prodct or sarc, oF ‘an event or performance, You | ‘may invent any of these items Write your emai 3 You see this post on @ community website Your local council is compiling a web page about public transport options in your town. They would like local people to send in reports about the public transport, it you wish, services they use. In your report, you should! Question 2 ‘+ mention which services you use and how often you use them > Winat the style of he input ‘ext? What register should you vse? + describe the quality of the service including factors such as cost and relibilty * Fcommend or suggest eny services and facilities thet you think are missing ‘rite your report. > Don't make the mistake ff thinking that an emait the same ae lotr ‘organization and layout are ‘equally important here 4 You receive this yer from a focal rts group. Film Event (On the grounds of City Hall every Friday this summer we will screen @ film fre of charge. We would like you to suggest suitable titles, but we ‘specifically want films that are soc will begin at 9.00 pm, film that you think would > What can you tear fom the instruetions and from Dan's email? Undetine the Information that wil be important to consider in your rei ch Friday. Please send us your review of 2 be sultabl, giving reasons for your choice. Write your review. > Remember. you can also como up with other points not featured in the Input tot > Pay attention tothe areas > What dos sciaty avon trenened nthe put ot vest 3 doniteav any of tem aut Inver rove yorsose in your reviow tat your chs > As you consider anawering nha soa revence. peace a rere > Notie that you ar aso required a ‘wheter you haw adequate range toinclude some suggestions ‘or recommendations in your vocabulary ‘Bear in ing that this wil be a it Dublic sreening. Will the event ‘onthe top of transport. pan, ‘mainly be for adults? How ean Question 4 stall > Structure in all text types anaes a is very important but in 3s careful nolo sh in and write > The fim you write about does ‘2 report itis vital thatthe 2 review of any im you happen Not have tobe real you an Information Is presented In an to tke very much tn this eave, ‘ako oe up to suit this purpose. organised way, aking easy ‘must be socially ‘The important thing Is that you ert follow an Provide a proper assessment of Z the fm and show ” bea suitable ey 146 cambridoe Englshy Advanced Test 2 >> PAPER 2 Writing »> part >