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This order specification is based on DIN EN ISO 898–1 (edition 11.99) and VDA 235–201 (edition 03.99).
– For use below –40 °C and above +150 °C observe that material properties depend on temperature.
This order specification does not apply to set screws and similar fasteners with threads, not subjected to tensile
stress (see ISO 898–5). Additionally it does not determine requirements on properties as
– weldability,
– corrosion resistance 2)
– thermal strength above +150 °C or toughness at subzero temperatures below –50 °C.
– shear strength or
– fatigue strength 1).
The order specification is not valid for screws of preheated steel wire (see N38A SR4.3) and for screws with
specific manufacturing methods (e.g. end–rolled screws, see N38A SR4.2).
When ordering 10.9 screws no 10.9 screws in accord. with DIN EN ISO 898–1 must be delivered.
Screws of strength classes 4.8, 5.6 and 5.8 shall be ordered in accord. with N38A SR2.1.
1) See N33... (in preparation), assure minimum fatigue limit in accord. with VDI 2230.
2) For screws with surface coating (electroplating or similar) N38A SR1 is also applicable.
Continued on pages 2 to 13
Technical respsonsibility: FV/PLM2
FV/PLS Ep Language:EN
Page 2 N38A SR2.2 October 2003
4 Materials
4.1 Base materials
Table 1 contains mandatory indications on base materials and minimum tempering and test temperatures.
To achieve the indicated strength classes materials with higher strength classes may be used, if the screws fulfill all require-
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Table 1. Steel
Strengt Material Threa Chemical composition ∑ Sum of Tempe- Further re-
h class 3) ds∅ (mass percentage in %) item analysis 1) Cr + Ni + ring and quirements
Mo + V test
tempe-
rature
C P S B 4) Mn min. min.
min. max. max. max. max. min. max. °C
unal- to
loyed M14 0,15 0,40 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,70 – –
steel
425
unal-
to
8.8 loyed 0,25 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 –
M20
steel
alloyed to
0,22 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 0,5 480
steel M39
to
unal- 0,15 0,40 0,035 0,035 –
M14
98
9.8 5) loyed 0 003 0,70
0,003 0 70 – 425
steel to
0,25 0,55 0,035 0,035 –
M20
unal- to 0,25 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 –
loyed M10
steel 0,20 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,70 1,40 –
10.9 425
alloyed to
0,28 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 0,9
steel M39
to
0,28 0,55 0,035 0,035 0.003 0,46 1,40 0,9
M16
alloyed to *) of these
12.9 0,28 0,55 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 0,9 *) 425
steel 2)l M22 0,15 Mo
to *) of these
0,28 0,50 0,035 0,035 0,003 0,46 1,40 1,5 **)
M39 0,15 Mo
1) Additionally it applies to all strength classes: Cu 0,3 %.
2) To 12.9 screw it applies that exposed layer areas subject to tensile stress must not have higher content of P and N than
the core.
3) Screws with strength classes 8.8, 9.8, 10.9 and 12.9 must be quenched and tempered. The quenched and tempered
grain structure must be homogeneous, fine–grained and ferrite–free. It must be assured that in hardened condition the
martensite percentage even in the core remains min. 90 %.
To achieve the mandatory properties observing the specified minimum tempering temperatures all material shall have
the indicated Mn–content. Alloyed materials shall additionally be alloyed with one ore several elements, depending on
the nominal diameter (thread∅) and strength classes of the screws which shall be manufactured: chromium, nickel, mo-
lybdenum or vanadium. Sum of all alloying elements must at least reach the value 〈∑) of the table.
4) Content of boron may reach 0,005 %, if the inactive boron is controlled through additives as titanium and/or aluminum.
5) This strength class is not used in Europe. Only applicable in special cases.
Table 2.
Thread dia- Strength class
meter or wall
thickness 8.8 10.9 12.9
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To achieve all strength classes of tables 1 through 3 steels with higher strength classes may be applied, if the
screws fulfill all requirements on the respective strength class. In the same strength class the steels specified
for large diameters may also be used for smaller diameters.
5 Mechanical properties
The mechanical properties of screws in accord. with table 3 are valid for tests in accord. with section 8 at room
temperature.
Table 3.
Strength class
Sect. Property 8.8 9.8 10.9 12.9
M16 > M16
5.1 nominal tensile strength Rm,nominal N/mm2 800 800 900 1000 1200
5.2 minimum tensile strength of screws N/mm2
2) 800 830 900 1040 1220
Rm,min
5.2.1 plastic elongation in the thread mm
11)
1,5P 1P 0,5P
Lpl
HV hardness 3) min. 250 255 290 320 385
53
5.3
F 98 N max. 320 355 360 380 435
Brinell hardness HB 3) min. 238 242 276 304 366
54
5.4
F = 30 D2 max. 304 318 342 361 414
Rockwell hardness HR 3) min. HRC 22 23 28 32 39
55
5.5
max. HRC 32 34 37 39 44
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9) Carburizing not permitted in the thread below pitch diameter, at the shank and between shank and head. Surface hard-
ness max 30 HV 0,3 higher than in the core.
10) The ratio for the limits of elasticity corresponding to the designation of the strength class and the minimum tension at
the 0,2%–proof strength Rp0,2 are valid for pieces machined by metal–cutting. When testing complete screws these
values vary due to production procedures and size effects.
11) The plastic elongation in the thread is determined with tension test at complete screws, see sect 8.2. In practical opera-
tion the above values depend on dimension and thread length.
*) Tested in accord. with sect 8.3.
**) Value will be determined and included lateron.
– For initial sample testing and in case of claims all test programs must be performed.
– For approved suppliers an inspection feature may be defined (test feature).
Size
2,5d 1) 2,5d
Decisive test for acceptance
1) Additionally screws with head forms or shrank forms weaker than the threaded part.
ring temperature 9) 9)
5.16 surface condition 8.9 testing of surface 8.9 testing of surface
condition condition
1) If the diagonal tension test is successful, the axial tension test is not required.
2) The minimum hardness values are valid for screws with nominal lengths 2,5d and for such products, which cannot
be subjected to tension test (e.g. due to form of head).
3) The hardness may be tested following Vickers, Brinell or Rockwell. In case of doubt Vickers hardness test is applicable
for acceptance. The hardness test is the preferred acceptance test.
4) Only for screws with lengths 6d.
5) This test is mandatory if the torsion test is not possible.
6) Screws with head shapes weaker than the threaded part are excluded from the diagonal tension test.
7) Only for screws with nominal thread diameter d 16 mm and only by arrangement.
8) Only for screws with nominal thread diameter d 10 mm and lengths too short for diagonal tension test.
9) This test is not obligatory, performance only in arbitration cases.
10) This test may replace the tension test by arrangement, see N42AP ... (test standard in preparation)
Nominal tension
Threads Strength class
cross section
d
As, nominal 1) 8.8 9.8 10.9 12.9
mm2 Minimum breaking force (As, nominal Rm, min) in N
M8 36,6 29 200 32 900 38 100 44 600
M10 58,0 46 400 52 200 60 300 70 800
M12 84,3 67 400 75 900 87 700 103 300
M14 115 92 000 104 000 120 000 140 000
M16 157 125 000 141 000 163 000 192 000
M18 192 159 000 – 200 000 234 000
M20 245 203 000 – 255 000 299 000
M22 303 252 000 – 315 000 370 000
M24 353 293 000 – 367 000 431 000
M27 459 381 000 – 477 000 560 000 2)
M30 561 466 000 – 583 000 2) 684 000 2)
1) Calculation of As in accord. with DIN 13–28.
2) Test program B not mandatory.
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8 Test procedure
8.1 Tension test at samples turned off on the lathe
In accord. with DIN EN ISO 898–1.
Lpl
LG
LG 1d
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10.9-screw
12.9-screw
8.8-screw
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8.7.1 Terms
8.7.1.1 Hardness of base metal
Hardness near the exposed layer between core and outside diameter immediately before appearance of an
increase or decrease, indicating carburization or decarburization.
8.7.1.2 Decarburization
Generally, reduction of carbon content in the exposed layer of commercially available ferrous materials (steels)
8.7.1.3 Partially decarburization (partial decarburization)
Decarburization, where reduction of carbon content leads to clearer shadow of the annealed martensite and
significantly lower hardness compared to the basic metal. However, this happens without showing ferrrite grains
under metallographic inspection.
8.7.1.4 Complete decarburization (total decarburization)
Decarburization, where reduction of carbon content is significant enough to show pure ferritic structure under
metallographic inspection.
8.7.1.5 Carburizing
Result of concentration of carbon in the exposed layer, exceeding the carbon content of basic metal.
2 partial decarburization
3 pitch diameter line
4 base metal
H1 = thread depth of threaded screw under maximum material condition
9 Identification
Mechanical fasteners, produced in accordance with the requirements of this Bosch–Norm are to be identified
in accordance with DIN EN ISO 898–1 or by arrangement.
Appendix A
Normative references
(Further standards see DIN EN ISO 898–1)
DIN EN 20225
Fasteners – bolts, screws, studs and nuts; symbols and designations of dimensioning (ISO 225 : 1983); German
version of EN 20225 : 1991
DIN EN 20273
Fasteners – clearance holes for bolts and screws (ISO 273 : 1979); German version of EN 20273 : 1991
DIN EN 20898–2.
Mechanical properties of fasteners;– Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values; coarse thread (ISO 898–2:
1992) ; German version of EN 20898 –2 : 1993
DIN EN 20898–7.
Mechanical properties of fasteners;– Part 7: Torsional test and minimum torques for bolts and screws with nomi-
nal diameters 1 mm to 10 mm (ISO 898–7: 1992); German version of EN 20898 –7: 1995
DIN EN 26157–1.
Fasteners; surface discontinuities; bolts, screws and studs subject to general requirements (ISO 6157–1: 1988);
German version of EN 26157 –1 : 1991
DIN EN 26157–3.
Fasteners; surface discontinuities; bolts, screws and studs subject to special requirements (ISO 6157–3: 1988);
German version of EN 26157 –3 : 1991